Building Sri Lanka’s Resilience To Climate Change

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STORY HIGHLIGHTS

  • Extreme weather events dominate the news but changing average weather patterns are proving equally devastating to poor and vulnerable people in climate hotspots across South Asia.
  • About 19 million people in Sri Lanka today live in locations that would become moderate or severe hotspots by 2050.
  • A new report provides the right data and climate simulations to help put in place incentives, policies and smart solutions to protect communities across the country.

38-year-old Sivasidambaram Vasugi is the General Manager of one of the first cooperative-owned seed paddy processing centers in Killinochchi, Si Lanka. The Integrated Farmers Thrift and Credit Cooperative Society (IFTCCS) provides local farmers with high-quality seeds, but these days, there are no buyers walking in the door.

Her community is facing a crippling water shortage following many months of drought. Nearly 18,000kg of processed paddy seed stock sits unclaimed on Vasugi’s factory floor, while weeds sprout in the paddy fields all around.

“Only when the rains come again, they will buy the seeds,” she says. “In the meantime, we have no sales, and we are not making any profits.” Farming households are coming undone thanks to this drought. Vasugi sees local men migrate to work as day laborers, while their families stay behind and fight to make ends meet. Many merely struggle to put food on the table.

Vasugi lives in a climate hotspot.

Areas like this are the focus of the World Bank’s new regional flagship report South Asia’s Hotspots: The Impact of Temperature and Precipitation Changes on Living Standards .

The report examines how

“These weather events have one thing in common: They affect the lives of the poorest and most vulnerable the most,” said Andrew Goodland, World Bank program leader for Sustainable Development covering Sri Lanka and Maldives.

Speaking at the launch of South Asia’s Hotspots he added: “We need to both scale up actions and strategies to build a more resilient world, and target interventions to help the most vulnerable.”

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South Asia’s Hotspots

Climate change could undermine living standards for the poorest

Changes in average weather unfold over months and years. As Vasugi can testify, in such hotspots,

Simultaneously, For those working outside air-conditioned cubicles, extreme heat takes a toll on productivity and subsequently, income. It doesn’t help that many hotspots are already in socially and economically vulnerable areas

At the frontlines in Sri Lanka are those living in the island’s North, North Eastern and North Central districts, including Jaffna, Puttalam, Mannar, Kurunegalla, Trincomalee and Killinochchi, where the paddy seed processing center is located.  

Vasugi’s home has something in common with other hotspots across the region, such as Hyderabad in Pakistan, Cox’s Bazar in Bangladesh and Chandrapur in India.

These experiences on the ground inevitably impact the national economy. “ ,” said  Muthukumara Mani ,  a lead economist  in the World Bank South Asia Region and  author of the report . “Under the worst-case scenario, GDP will decline by 7.7 percent, an estimated loss of 50 billion dollars.”

While policymakers are worried by this information, Mani knows it doesn’t necessarily help them prepare. So this report seeks to unpack where exactly changes will occur most, who will be impacted and what can be done to build resilience.

He and his team analyzed two future climate scenarios — one that is “climate-sensitive,” in which some collective action is taken to limit greenhouse gas emissions. The other is “carbon-intensive,” in which no action is taken. Both scenarios show rising temperatures throughout the region in the coming decades but it’s no surprise that the carbon-intensive scenario is more worrying.

According to the report, a

Granular details include how effects will differ from country to country and from district to district throughout South Asia.

This is a substantial drop, with potentially large implications for the country, given that the province contributes more than 40 percent of Sri Lanka’s GDP.

Overall, the analysis concludes that

Mani points out that this might not seem like a lot until you consider how just a two-week delay in monsoons can derail a farmer’s harvest, or how a scorching day can drain a construction worker laboring on a scaffolding.

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Investing in sustainable development could build resilience

“We need to follow an inclusive green growth path here,” says Mohan Munasinghe, who was the keynote speaker at the launch. He drew on his experiences as Vice Chair of the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR4) and the Chairman of the Presidential Expert Commission on Sustainable Sri Lanka 2030 Vision, saying: “We have to make development more sustainable in a way that is climate-proof and which integrates mitigation and adaptation.”

It is hoped that this information can help build a development blueprint by focusing resilience-building efforts on the most vulnerable locations and population groups. “The report provides the right data and climate simulations to help us put in place incentives, policies and smart solutions to protect communities across the country and boost their future development,” said Anura Dissanayake Secretary of Mahaweli Development and Environment Authority.

In particular, the report explores how three strategies, already essential components of Sri Lanka’s sustainable development programs, could help buffer vulnerable communities.

Other initiatives like reducing the time to reach a market and increasing average education attainment could also reduce the overall severity of climate-related living standards impacts. The report emphasizes that if these interventions were implemented together, they would likely yield greater benefits than if implemented individually.

In the end, the focus has to be on ensuring that climate change does not undo the considerable progress that South Asian countries have made in alleviating extreme poverty and raising living standards.

As Mani concluded: “Sustainable development is the best adaptation strategy since it is associated with improved infrastructure, market-oriented reforms, enhanced human capabilities, and stronger institutional capacity to respond to the increasing threat of climate change and natural disasters.”

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Preparing for the impact of climate change in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka needs to prioritise climate risk

climate change in sri lanka essay

Environment & energy , Government and governance | South Asia

30 October 2021

In collaboration with international institutions, Sri Lankan policymakers have prepared a suite of initiatives to improve the country’s long-term resilience to climate risks – but they are going unimplemented, Jeevethan Selvachandran writes.

Sri Lanka is a country with a diverse and beautiful natural environment that attracts tourists from every corner of the world, but that environment is under threat.

In recent years, the country’s three-decade-long civil war, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the country’s economic crisis have dominated the government’s attention – meaning other important issues, like the effects of climate change, have gone under the radar.

This is an important question for Sri Lanka’s policymakers. Amidst the pandemic and its economic setbacks, how is Sri Lanka protecting its valuable environment and combating the effects of climate change?

According to the 2021 Asian Development Bank’s Accelerating Sustainable Development after COVID-19 report, based on data from 2020, Sri Lanka’s climate action measures were identified as being on track in terms of combating climate change.

While the report finds the country is relatively well-positioned to meet its obligations in combating climate change, another listed Sri Lanka among the top 65 countries most at risk from the impacts of climate change, with its effects threatening health, education, and the environment, and called for immediate and effective action.

climate change in sri lanka essay

Another report by the World Bank Group recognised Sri Lanka as especially vulnerable to climate change’s impacts, due to a combination of political, geographic, and social factors.

These impacts include rising temperatures, which are expected to hit Sri Lanka’s most important sectors, like tourism, commercial agriculture, and manufacturing, the hardest. On top of this, increased incidence of disease transmission and natural disasters will make the country vulnerable to unexpected catastrophes.

As they have elsewhere, these changes will disproportionately impact Sri Lanka’s poorest and the most marginalised communities, exacerbating poverty and inequality.

So, what have Sri Lankan policymakers done to prepare?

Recognising the danger, they have prepared initiatives that combat indirect risks associated with climate change, including a Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) program through the Ministry of Education.

In terms of poverty and inequality, they have also begun cooperating with international actors like the United Nations Development Programme and the World Bank to focus on a green economic recovery.

This includes climate-smart development, primarily by empowering local small landholders, ensuring food and water security, biodiversity conservation, sustainable biomass energy production, and increased disaster risk reduction, preparedness, and management.

climate change in sri lanka essay

Much of this cooperation with the World Bank focuses on flood-risk mitigation and long-term resilience to climate risks, beginning in 2010 with the Dam Safety and Water Resources Planning Project.

The Sri Lankan Government also recently signed a $92 million financing agreement with the World Bank for the Climate Resilience Multi-Phased Program Phase I Project, comprising of five components.

The first is of these is improving forecasting and early-warning systems for high impact weather and floods.

The second is investment in landslide and flood risk mitigation in the Kelani river.

The third is land acquisition and resettlement assistance.

The fourth is ensuring successful implementation of these systems.

Finally, the fifth is a Contingent Emergency Response Component, which allows the two parties to reallocate funds from other project components to mitigate, respond to, and recover from potentially harmful consequences of emergencies.

Surely, these are all great signs.

But despite preparing these necessary steps, implementation has been limited, especially in the war-ravaged northern region of Sri Lanka, which was severely hit by Cyclone Burevi at the end of 2020.

Part of the reason for this is the current economic crisis, which seems to be drawing policymakers’ attention away from preparing for the impacts of climate change.

For example, amidst its economic emergency, Sri Lanka is strongly considering oil and gas investments worth approximately $167 billion in order to settle its national debts. This move comes just before the United Nations Climate Change Conference, or COP26, where intensive discussions on decarbonisation will take place.

Indeed, at its Energy Sector Response Meeting in 2019, Sri Lanka pledged to enforce the targets of the Paris Agreement on climate change, including by reducing dependency on fossil fuels and investments in them. The choice to invest heavily in oil and gas would stand in contrast to these principles.

climate change in sri lanka essay

In the longer term, a delay in the implementation of climate policies could hinder Sri Lanka’s ability to overcome climate change-related economic setbacks, harming its citizens’ future.

That future, whether Sri Lanka acts on it or not, relies on the execution of the climate change preparations that policymakers have planned in collaboration with international actors. This must not fall aside for the sake of solving short-term problems.

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UNDP Sri Lanka

Climate and environment, the effects of climate change.

As an island nation, Sri Lanka is highly vulnerable to climate change and disasters. The country’s unique biodiversity is currently threatened by climate change, habitat fragmentation and over-exploitation. Furthermore, Sri Lanka has been experiencing severe shifts in its seasonal rainfall patterns accompanied by increased flood and drought in the last decade directly impacting rural food security and incomes. The Dry Zone covers 70% of the island’s land area and is the country’s agricultural heartland and the main area where the staple rice is grown. Small-scale farmers with land holdings of less than two hectares dominate agriculture in this region.

Productivity and crop yields decline with low water availability and unseasonal rains resulting from climate variability and extreme events, farmers are dragged deeper into poverty and face food deficits, which have to be met by buying food for consumption, increasing the level of indebtedness and further eroding their capacity to cope with climate risks. In addition, farmers in the Dry Zone are also increasingly exposed to water related chronic illnesses such as kidney disease. High rates of morbidity and mortality among young male farmers are reported in the North Central and Northern Provinces. Women and youth in the Dry Zone communities are particularly more vulnerable to climate change impacts. 

Clean Energy. Climate Change Adaptation. Disaster Preparedness

UNDP is assisting the Government of Sri Lanka to work towards a sustainable Sri Lanka building up institutional, legal and individual capacities to respond to the effects of climate change and natural and man-made disasters, by exploring the potential of renewable energy and energy and resource efficiency in production and consumption, while supporting reform and modernization of the environmental management systems and protecting our biodiversity.

climate change in sri lanka essay

Strategic Support to Accelerate Climate Action in Sri Lanka

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Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BIOFIN) Phase II

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Transforming Tourism in Sri Lanka

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Strengthening Gender Equality 

Climate Change Adaptation Project (CCAP) ii : •    Strengthening the resilience of agricultural communities through sustained livelihoods engaging women through introduction and scaling-up of alternative livelihoods •    Creating ‘inclusive’ platforms for women to learn and generate income (non-traditional) breaking structural barriers of marginalization •    Capacity building initiatives enhance the ‘decision-making’ abilities of women through financial management, exposure to innovation and marketing skills.

Enhancing Biodiversity Conservation and Sustenance of Ecosystem services in Environmentally Sensitive Areas:  •    Breaking gender barriers and stereotypes by women entering non-traditional jobs (such as divers) and participating in Bar Reef Marine Conservation and strengthening livelihoods through mobilizing community to engage in conservation 

HCFC Phase-out Management Plan Stage - I: •    Innovative, ‘out of the box’ techniques to remove barriers and promote inclusion of women in the RAC field (entrepreneurs, technicians or engineers).

Preparation of Sri Lanka’s Third National Communication Project on Climate Change to the UNFCCC: •    Ensure women experts inform key reports such as TNC Report to UNFCCC where women with expertise in this area, inform greater gender inclusion and gender disaggregation criteria.

Sixth Operational Phase of the GEF Small Grants Programme in Sri Lanka: •    Engaging with women-led CSOs/ young women’s groups in addressing conservation efforts, recycling of waste and upscaling nature based solutions.   •    Engaging with women-led lawyers who are environment activist that have intervened in conservation efforts in claiming a particular area in Mathegoda, as a protected area given it is a bio-diversity hotspot. These women have engaged actively with key stakeholders at policy level paving the way to ensure this area is gazetted as a protected area.  

A path in the Sinharaja rainforest in Sri Lanka

Climate Change Threatens Resilience of Sri Lankan Rainforests

A long-term study by Yale School of the Environment scientists found that climate change and other disturbances may be altering the resilience of Sri Lankan rainforests, turning them from carbon sinks to carbon sources.

By Jen DeMoss

  Listen to Article

Tropical ecosystems store over half of the world’s above-ground carbon in their biomass, making them critically important in the global fight against climate change. As carbon dioxide levels continue to rise in the atmosphere, scientists are questioning whether climate change will enhance carbon sequestration through accelerated tree growth or expose rainforests to warmer, drier climates that could increase water stress, suppress tree growth, and dry out soils.

Mark Ashton

Mark S. Ashton Senior Associate Dean of The Forest School; Morris K. Jesup Professor of Silviculture and Forest Ecology; Director of Yale Forests

To examine how climate change is affecting tree species and carbon sequestration in tropical forests, Mark Ashton , Morris K. Jessup Professor of Silviculture and Forest Ecology at the Yale School of the Environment, along with a team of scientists calculated above-ground biomass from tree plots in the Sinharaja Forest Reserve in Sri Lanka over a 40-year period. The area has remained undisturbed by economic activity, offering the opportunity to determine trends in biomass, and the forests are notable for harboring the highest amounts of carbon of all tropical forests, making them a particularly critical source of climate change mitigation. The Sri Lanka plots examined by the team are dominated by dipterocarp, a tall forest tree in Southeast Asia, and are home to Ceylon ironwood ( Mesua nagassarium ), a slow-growing tree species valued for their dense wood.

The study, the first of its kind to examine above ground biomass for mixed dipterocarp forests, found that some of the long-lived, slow-growing tree species that characterize the forests are declining. Rather than acting as stable carbon sinks, some Sri Lankan forests affected by climate change are now carbon sources, the authors concluded in the study published in Forest Ecosystems .

“There's a lot of emphasis on the ability of growing forests to sequester carbon, but studies of old forests with especially large trees that sequester carbon and mitigate climate are few and far between,” Ashton said. “The studies that do exist are based on relatively short time spans and don’t really take into account the fact that climate change itself is affecting these forests. There’s growing evidence that old forests might be more susceptible to the impacts of climate change than younger forests.”

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Biweekly, we highlight three news and research stories about the work we’re doing at Yale School of the Environment.

Between 1978 and 2018, there was an average decline of 17% in biomass across three sites in the forests, with Ceylon ironwood accounting for the highest proportion of that decline, the scientists found. Late-successional, slow-growing trees contributed to the largest declines, releasing their stored carbon as they expired. Drought episodes as a result of climate change, along with fungal pathogens, likely killed the trees, the scientists said.

Ashton and the co-authors said the study highlights the importance of protecting and managing the rain forests so they can continue to function as carbon sinks and build resilience to climate change, insects, diseases, and land use conversion.

“A lot of people think that the sheer diversity of rainforest tree species makes them very resilient,” Ashton said. “But that’s not necessarily true. If only a handful of species, all related to one another, occupies the biomass — the way dipterocarps do — that makes them similarly susceptible to the same diseases, insects, and other disturbances.”

The research team included lead author Sisira Ediriweera,  professor of applied sciences at Uva Wellassa University, and YSE doctoral students David Woodbury and Arun Dayanandan .

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Explore historical and projected climate data, climate data by sector, impacts, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken. Explore the overview for a general context of how climate change is affecting Sri Lanka.

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Mean Projections

This page presents Sri Lanka's projected climate. The Mean Projections page offers CCKP's complete suite of indicators for in-depth analysis into future climate scenarios and potential risks due to changing climates. Data can be investigated as either the projected mean or anomaly (change) and is presented spatially, as a seasonal cycle, time series, or heat plot, which shows seasonal change over long-term time horizons. Data can be analyzed as annual, seasonal, or monthly. You can further tailor your analysis by selecting different projected time periods and Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). SSPs are meant to provide insight into future climates based on defined emissions, mitigation efforts, and development paths. 

Indicators are presented as multi-model ensemble, which represent the range and distribution of the most plausible projected outcomes of change in the climate system for a selected SSP. Individual models will be made available soon.

Climate projection data is modeled data from the global climate model compilations of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Projects (CMIPs), overseen by the World Climate Research Program. Data presented is  CMIP6 , derived from the Sixth phase of the CMIPs. The CMIPs form the data foundation of the IPCC Assessment Reports. CMIP6 supports the  IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report . Data is presented at a 0.25º x 0.25º (25km x 25km) resolution.

CCKP continues to add indicators as they are produced to complete currently available selection list.

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Climate change threatens resilience of Sri Lankan rainforests

by Yale University

Climate change threatens resilience of Sri Lankan rainforests

Tropical ecosystems store over half of the world's above-ground carbon in their biomass, making them critically important in the global fight against climate change. As carbon dioxide levels continue to rise in the atmosphere, scientists are questioning whether climate change will enhance carbon sequestration through accelerated tree growth or expose rainforests to warmer, drier climates that could increase water stress, suppress tree growth, and dry out soils.

To examine how climate change is affecting tree species and carbon sequestration in tropical forests , Mark Ashton, Morris K. Jessup Professor of Silviculture and Forest Ecology at the Yale School of the Environment, along with a team of scientists calculated above-ground biomass from tree plots in the Sinharaja Forest Reserve in Sri Lanka over a 40-year period.

The area has remained undisturbed by economic activity , offering the opportunity to determine trends in biomass, and the forests are notable for harboring the highest amounts of carbon of all tropical forests, making them a particularly critical source of climate change mitigation.

The Sri Lanka plots examined by the team are dominated by dipterocarp, a tall forest tree in Southeast Asia, and are home to Ceylon ironwood (Mesua nagassarium), a slow-growing tree species valued for their dense wood.

The study, the first of its kind to examine above ground biomass for mixed dipterocarp forests, found that some of the long-lived, slow-growing tree species that characterize the forests are declining. Rather than acting as stable carbon sinks, some Sri Lankan forests affected by climate change are now carbon sources, the authors concluded in the study published in Forest Ecosystems .

"There's a lot of emphasis on the ability of growing forests to sequester carbon, but studies of old forests with especially large trees that sequester carbon and mitigate climate are few and far between," Ashton said. "The studies that do exist are based on relatively short time spans and don't really take into account the fact that climate change itself is affecting these forests. There's growing evidence that old forests might be more susceptible to the impacts of climate change than younger forests."

Between 1978 and 2018, there was an average decline of 17% in biomass across three sites in the forests, with Ceylon ironwood accounting for the highest proportion of that decline, the scientists found. Late-successional, slow-growing trees contributed to the largest declines, releasing their stored carbon as they expired. Drought episodes as a result of climate change, along with fungal pathogens , likely killed the trees, the scientists said.

Ashton and the co-authors said the study highlights the importance of protecting and managing the rain forests so they can continue to function as carbon sinks and build resilience to climate change, insects, diseases, and land use conversion.

"A lot of people think that the sheer diversity of rainforest tree species makes them very resilient," Ashton said. "But that's not necessarily true. If only a handful of species, all related to one another, occupies the biomass—the way dipterocarps do—that makes them similarly susceptible to the same diseases, insects, and other disturbances."

The research team included lead author Sisira Ediriweera, professor of applied sciences at Uva Wellassa University, and YSE doctoral students David Woodbury and Arun Dayanandan.

Provided by Yale University

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Role of climate change in Sri Lanka’s economic woes

Tuesday, 2 January 2024 00:08 -     - {{hitsCtrl.values.hits}}

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An often overlooked factor responsible for this cycle is climate change

climate change in sri lanka essay

(The writer is an environmental economist who conducts research and provides guidance on sustainable finance instruments and global climate policy. He joined the Sri Lankan youth delegation to COP28 in Dubai covering carbon market developments. His research positions with Sri Lankan institutions include the Lakshman Kadirgamar Institute of International Relations and Strategic Studies, a think tank that serves the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as Sri Lanka’s Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York. Sandev has also worked with the sustainability teams at BNP Paribas in Singapore and Doha Bank in Qatar. Through these experiences, he has identified market opportunities within the financing mechanisms of various climate policies. Sandev holds a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Yale-NUS College , with a minor in Environmental Studies.)

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President Ranil Wickremesinghe shakes hands with Prof. Ashok  Jhunjhunwala, a high profile presenter, at the Sri Lanka Climate Summit hosted by the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce and held in Colombo this week. Also in the picture (left) is conference co-chair Dilhan C. Fernando. Pic by M.A. Pushpa Kumara  

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  • Sunday, May 12, 2024

Tackling climate change

climate change in sri lanka essay

President Ranil Wickremesinghe shakes hands with Prof. Ashok  Jhunjhunwala, a high profile presenter, at the Sri Lanka Climate Summit hosted by the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce and held in Colombo this week. Also in the picture (left) is conference co-chair Dilhan C. Fernando. Pic by M.A. Pushpa Kumara

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  • ↑ Print Edition – The Sunday Times, Sri Lanka

Print Edition – The Sunday Times, Sri Lanka

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IMAGES

  1. Climate Change Risk Profile of the Mountain Region in Sri Lanka

    climate change in sri lanka essay

  2. Climate Risk Profile: Sri Lanka

    climate change in sri lanka essay

  3. Coping with Climate Change and Variability: Lessons from Sri Lankan

    climate change in sri lanka essay

  4. Blue Carbon Ecosystems: Climate Change, Vulnerable Communities, and

    climate change in sri lanka essay

  5. Climate

    climate change in sri lanka essay

  6. Taking the heat out of Sri Lankan climate crisis

    climate change in sri lanka essay

COMMENTS

  1. Climate change in Sri Lanka

    Climate change in Sri Lanka. Visualisation of average annual temperature anomaly in Sri Lanka, 1901 to 2020. Climate change is an important issue in Sri Lanka, and its effects threaten to impact both human and natural systems. Roughly 50 percent of its 22 million citizens live in low-lying coastal areas in the west, south, and south-west of the ...

  2. Sri Lanka

    Sri Lanka is a small island nation lying between 6°N and 10°N latitude and 80°E and 82°E longitude in the Indian Ocean, with a land area of approximately 65,000 square kilometers (km ). The island consists of a mountainous area in the south-central region and a surrounding coastal plain. The climate of Sri Lanka is wet and warm, ideal for ...

  3. Climate change in Sri Lanka: Challenges and opportunities

    Climate change affects countries around the world, including Sri Lanka. As highlighted by the leading international science body for climate change, the IPCC, the scale of climatic changes is vast, and every fraction of a degree of temperature rise has huge implications. The Paris Agreement, which has been adopted by 197 countries, aims to limit global warming (as compared to pre-industrial ...

  4. Fact Sheet: Climate Impact in Sri Lanka

    30 November 2023. Being a tropical island in the Indian Ocean, Sri Lanka has consistently been placed among the top ten countries at risk of extreme weather events by the Global Climate Risk Index. The pace of climate change outstrips Sri Lanka's readiness to respond to its effects which are already severely affecting the country's poorer ...

  5. Climate change and food security in Sri Lanka: towards food sovereignty

    The study aimed to contextualise food security, climate change, and food sovereignty within Sri Lanka's current development discourse by bringing global learning, experience, and scholarship ...

  6. PDF CLIMATE RISK COUNTRY PROFILE

    FOREWORD. CLIMATE RISK COUNTRY PROFILE SRI LANKA2. • Temperature rise in Sri Lanka is projected to be marginally lower than the global average. Under the highest emissions pathway (RCP8.5) temperatures are projected to rise by 2.9°C-3.5°C by the 2090s, over the 1986-2005 baseline.

  7. PDF Third National Communication of Climate Change in Sri Lanka

    The TNC of Climate Change in Sri Lanka reflects the present social, economic and environmental circumstances, anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions by sources and removals by sinks, potential emission reduction actions, climate vulnerability and risks, adaptation actions to be taken for building resilience in most vulnerable sectors, ...

  8. PDF UN Sri Lanka Climate Change Fact Sheet

    Food insecurity is a serious challenge for Sri Lanka, with. an estimated 17 percent of the population experiencing. moderate acute food insecurity in March 2023. Climate change threatens to worsen this situation by. affecting food and water availability and reducing. agricultural output, including essential staples like rice.

  9. Building Sri Lanka's Resilience To Climate Change

    Overall, the analysis concludes that Sri Lanka's average annual temperatures could rise by 1.0°C to 1.5°C by 2050 - even if carbon emission reduction measures are taken as recommended by the Paris Agreement of 2015. If no measures are taken average temperatures in Sri Lanka could increase by up to 2.0°C. Mani points out that this might not ...

  10. PDF Climate change and food security in Sri Lanka: towards food sovereignty

    The FAO (2016) has noted that climate change has prolonged impacts on agriculture and food security. A 60% increase in global food demand will occur by 2050 against 2006 levels due to population ...

  11. In a world of climate risks, Sri Lanka is finding ways to adapt

    In the 21 st century, Sri Lanka finds itself faced with an increasingly complex and interconnected landscape of risks that are often covariate and mutually compounding. Climate change — along ...

  12. Preparing for the impact of climate change in Sri Lanka

    30 October 2021. In collaboration with international institutions, Sri Lankan policymakers have prepared a suite of initiatives to improve the country's long-term resilience to climate risks - but they are going unimplemented, Jeevethan Selvachandran writes. Sri Lanka is a country with a diverse and beautiful natural environment that ...

  13. Climate Change Challenges Facing Sri Lanka: a Literature Review

    The earth's climate has changed throughout history and climate change can be identified as an inevitable phenomenon which is being experienced by the whole world. When considering the Sri Lankan context, it is no different to the global context in that the country's climate has already changed. Sri Lanka, being an island state, is vulnerable to many climate change impacts including high ...

  14. Climate and Environment

    The Effects of Climate Change. As an island nation, Sri Lanka is highly vulnerable to climate change and disasters. The country's unique biodiversity is currently threatened by climate change, habitat fragmentation and over-exploitation. Furthermore, Sri Lanka has been experiencing severe shifts in its seasonal rainfall patterns accompanied ...

  15. Climate Change Threatens Resilience of Sri Lankan Rainforests

    Media Contact. Associate Director of Communications. [email protected]. 203-436-4842. A long-term study by Yale School of the Environment scientists found that climate change and other disturbances may be altering the resilience of Sri Lankan rainforests, turning them from carbon sinks to carbon sources.

  16. Climate change in Sri Lanka: myth or reality? Evidence from long-term

    The objective of this paper is to seek evidence for climate change in Sri Lanka by analyzing long-term (i.e. from 1869 to 2007) monthly data of air temperature and rainfall from seven selected locations (i.e. Anuradhapura, Kurunegala, Kandy, Ratnapura, Badulla, Nuwara Eliya and Colombo) representing the major climatic zones of the country.

  17. Sri Lanka

    This page presents Sri Lanka's projected climate. The Mean Projections page offers CCKP's complete suite of indicators for in-depth analysis into future climate scenarios and potential risks due to changing climates. Data can be investigated as either the projected mean or anomaly (change) and is presented spatially, as a seasonal cycle, time series, or heat plot, which shows seasonal change ...

  18. Climate change threatens resilience of Sri Lankan rainforests

    Rather than acting as stable carbon sinks, some Sri Lankan forests affected by climate change are now carbon sources, the authors concluded in the study published in Forest Ecosystems. "There's a ...

  19. Role of climate change in Sri Lanka's economic woes

    The impact of climate change on Sri Lanka's energy sector was not factored into national policies, evidenced by domestic Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects under the Kyoto Protocol. The CDM programme allows developed countries to finance decarbonisation projects in developing countries, in exchange for ownership over the resulting ...

  20. As Sri Lanka floods swell with climate change, so does human-crocodile

    Sri Lanka is among the countries most vulnerable to climate change, with long drought spells, receiving intense rain during a shorter period with a marked increase in flood events.

  21. PDF The National Climate Change Policy of Sri Lanka

    1. The National Climate Change Policy of Sri Lanka. Preamble. Climate change which is the ultimate outcome of global warming is now universally recognized as the fundamental human development challenge of the 21stcentury. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has conclusively established that Climate Change induced by global ...

  22. Climate change and agricultural adaptation in Sri Lanka: a review

    Climate change is inevitable and will continue into the next century. Since the agricultural sector in Sri Lanka is one of the most vulnerable to climate change, a thorough understanding of climate transition is critical for formulating effective adaptation strategies. This article provides an overview of the status of climate change and adaptation in the agricultural sector in Sri Lanka. The ...

  23. An economic analysis of agricultural adaptation to climate change

    Climate change and its impact on the agricultural sector in developing economies is a matter of considerable academic and political debate. This paper examines the impact of climate change and variability on Sri Lankan agriculture and identifies the potential adaptation practices and their impacts on rice productivity. More specifically, this study investigates how farming households ...

  24. Tackling climate change

    President Ranil Wickremesinghe shakes hands with Prof. Ashok Jhunjhunwala, a high profile presenter, at the Sri Lanka Climate Summit hosted by the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce and held in Colombo this week. Also in the picture (left) is conference co-chair Dilhan C. Fernando. Pic by M.A. Pushpa Kumara. Hitad.lk has you covered with quality used ...

  25. Impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in Sri

    There is ample evidence to suggest that Sri Lanka's climate has already changed. However, the bigger question of national importance is what Sri Lanka's climate will look like in 50 or 100 years and how prepared the country is to face such changes. This report reviews the status of climate change (CC) research/activities in Sri Lanka in terms of observed and projected climatic changes ...

  26. Iran's Outreach to Sri Lanka and the Quest for Regional Influence

    Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi recently visited Sri Lanka, marking the first visit by an Iran's head of government to the island nation in over 15 years. This visit comes against the backdrop ...