subordinate clause homework year 5

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• Parts of Speech
• Subordinating conjunctions

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The subordinating conjunction

Combining sentences.

In these worksheets, students combine sentences using a subordinating conjunction ( after, before, while, since ...). The subordinating conjunction may be placed in between the two clauses (no comma required) or at the start of the sentence (comma needed after the first clause).

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Subordinating conjunctions: sunstar starfish

1 - learning objective, learning objective.

We are learning how to use a range of subordinating conjunctions to write multi-clause (complex) sentences.

Context: sunstar starfish

Credit: BBC One - Life. This clip may not work on some devices; please see our Help page.

Clip Description

There are over 2,000 different species of starfish (sea stars) living in the world’s oceans. Without a brain or blood, these unique marine animals come in all different sizes, shapes and colours. Whilst most sport five arms around a central, spiny, disc-shaped body, some can have up to fifty arms.

In this fascinating clip, a dustbin lid-sized sunstar starfish is captured feasting on the corpse of a giant octopus. When a king crab turns up on the scene, the starfish is in for a nasty shock. Other than having an eye at the tip of each arm, what is so remarkable about the arms of the sunstar? Watch the clip to find out.

Word Challenge

How many different adjectives can you think of that best describe the sunstar starfish featured in the clip?

e.g. aggressive, dustbin lid-sized, fearsome,.. .

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Subordinating clauses

There are tasks to do in this lesson.  When you see the word Task , stop for a moment and do the exercise.  You will learn more that way.

Basically, there are two ways to join sentences together in English (and most languages):

Here, we focus on the second type.  There is a separate lesson about coordinating clauses .

For example, in: I filled up with petrol before I left town The main clause is: I filled up with petrol because that is the main idea before I left town is the subordinate clause and before is the subordinator because it is tied to the clause I left town . We can say: Before I left town, I filled up with petrol but we cannot say *I left town I filled up with petrol before

In the table, the subordinator is in bold type .

Here's a list of the most important ones with some examples:

One-word subordinators:

Two-word subordinators:

Subordinators link a clauses together so we get, for example: He came to the meeting although he was feeling ill In this sentence, the main idea is that he came to the meeting .  The subordinate clause is although he was feeling ill We can say, He came to the meeting and we understand the sentence but we can't say * Although he was feeling ill because that makes no sense without the main clause.

There is a lesson on using coordinators and, if you do that, you will see that:

• It is possible to leave out the subject if it is the same for both clauses so we can have: He came home and ( he ) cooked a meal
• It is possible to leave out the subject and the verb if it is the same for both clauses: He took the bus and ( he took ) the train
• We can leave out the subject and the auxiliary verb if it is the same for both clauses: He can play the piano and (he can) sing beautifully

This is not possible with subordinators so all these are wrong!

• *He came to the party because wanted to meet her That must be He came to the party because he wanted to meet her
• *After he got home cooked a meal That must be After he got home he cooked a meal
• *We can connect to the internet so that work together That must be We can connect to the internet so that we can work together
• He came to the meeting.  He arrived in the building.
• We can go home.  The work must be finished.
• I was working in the garden.  My wife was reading a book.
• I have finished my homework.  I can go out.
• He came to the meeting.  He arrived in the building. Possibilities: He came to the meeting as soon as he arrived in the building When he arrived in the building, he came to the meeting After he arrived in the building he came to the meeting He came to the meeting after he arrived in the building As soon as he arrived in the building, he came to the meeting etc. You may have a different possibility.
• We can go home.  The work must be finished. Possibilities: Once the work is finished we can go home We can go home once the work is finished When the work is finished, we can go home We can't go home until the work is finished We can't go home before the work is finished etc.
• I was working in the garden.  My wife was reading a book. Possibilities: I was working in the garden while my wife was reading a book My wife was reading a book whilst I was working in the garden I was working in the garden when my wife was reading a book etc.
• I have finished my homework.  I can go out. Possibilities: Now that I have finished my homework, I can go out. Once I have finished my homework, I can go out. I can't go out until I've finished my homework Until I've finished my homework, I can't go out. etc .
• He will come to the meeting.  His train isn't late.
• We can go home.  The work is finished.
• I will marry you.  You will give up drinking.
• He will come to the meeting.  His train isn't late . Possibilities: He'll come to the meeting unless his train is late Unless his train is late, he'll come to the meeting If his train isn't late he'll come to the meeting He'll come to the meeting providing his train isn't late As long as his train isn't late, he'll come to the meeting etc. You may have a different possibility.
• We can go home.  The work must be finished. Possibilities: If the work is finished, we can go home We can't go home unless the work is finished Provided the work is finished, we can go home So long as the work is finished, we can go home etc.
• I will marry you.  You give up drinking. Possibilities: If you give up drinking, I will marry you Unless you give up drinking, I won't marry you Providing that you give up drinking, I will marry you etc.
• I have finished my homework.  I can go out. Possibilities: Providing I have finished my homework, I can go out I can't go out if I haven't finished my homework Unless I have finished my homework, I can't go out I can go out on condition that I have finished my homework etc .
• There was a dinosaur behind us.  He was very calm.
• There was a dinosaur behind us.  He was very calm. Possibilities: Although there was a dinosaur behind us, he was very calm He was very calm although there was a dinosaur behind us Considering there was a dinosaur behind us he was very calm He was very calm considering there was a dinosaur behind us
• He has arrived.  We can start the meeting.
• She made the water hot.  She could have a bath.
• He has arrived.  We can start the meeting. Possibilities: Seeing that he has arrived, we can start the meeting Because he has arrived we can start the meeting We can start the meeting because he has arrived As he has arrived we can start the meeting etc. All these tell us the result of something.
• She made the water hot.  She could have a bath. Only 4 possibilities: In order that she could have a bath she made the water hot She made the water hot so that she could have a bath So that she could have a bath she made the water hot She made the water hot in order that she could have a bath
• He used the stone.  He used the stone like a hammer.
• I like eating in restaurants.  Mary prefers eating at home.
• He used a stone.  He used the stone like a hammer. Possibilities: He used the stone as if it was a hammer He used the stone as though it was a hammer We can also say, a little more formally: He used the stone as if it were a hammer He used the stone as though it were a hammer
• I like eating in restaurants.  Mary prefers eating at home. Mary prefers eating at home whereas I prefer eating in restaurants I prefer eating in restaurants while Mary prefers eating at home Whilst I prefer eating in restaurants, Mary prefers eating at home

The conjunctions while and whilst are also used to say when something happens (see above).  The conjunction whereas can only be used to talk about a contrast. The conjunction but is a coordinator which does the same job but can only come between the two ideas.

Look again at any writing you have done in English and try to find two things:

• Times when you have made two short sentences and one longer sentence with a subordinator would be better.  When you find it, make it better.
• Times when you have used the subordinators wrongly.
• Take a test on this area .

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Subordinating Conjunctions Tasks (Year 5)

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Put children’s understanding of subordinating conjunctions to the test with this worksheet. Can they rewrite the sentences about the solar system, adding appropriate subordinating conjunctions? They are then challenged to write their own paragraph about the Earth, using subordinating conjunctions and a range of punctuation.

Example answers are included.

Pair with this PowerPoint , which teaches children about subordinating conjunctions.

• Key Stage: Key Stage 2
• Subject: English
• Topic: Words, Phrases and Clauses
• Topic Group: Grammar
• Year(s): Year 5
• Media Type: PDF
• Resource Type: Worksheet
• Last Updated: 23/10/2023
• Resource Code: E2WAT731

Develop their understanding of concepts by learning the grammar for years 5 and 6.

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Year 5 Using Relative Clauses

Subject: English

Age range: 7-11

Resource type: Worksheet/Activity

Last updated

27 February 2024

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Objective: I can write a sentence that includes a relative clause. Terminology: subordinate clause, relative clause, pronoun, relative pronoun, comma, who, which, where, when, whose, punctuation mark, refer

LbQ’s Grammar Question Sets teach the objectives from the National Curriculum Years 2 – 6. Each Question Set contextualises the learning of grammatical concepts and vocabulary within a traditional tale to engage pupils

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