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Essay On River Ganga – 10 Lines, Short and Long Essay For Kids

Key Points To Remember When Writing Essay On River Ganga For Lower Primary Classes

10 lines on ganga river for kids, a paragraph on river ganga for children, short essay on river ganga for kids, long essay on importance of river ganga for children, what will your child learn from the essay on ganga river.

River Ganga is one of the holiest rivers in India as its water is believed to purify people of their sins. The Ganga originates from the Gangotri glacier in the Himalayas and travels down to the plains, where it merges with the Bay of Bengal. The river is one of the primary rivers in the country every child is taught about, and compositions on the topic are often assigned in schools for children to learn its importance and also the nuances of writing. In this article, we’ve provided sample essays on the topic for classes 1, 2, and 3 with useful information, including its origin, history, and mythology, that can help your child draft their own essay.

Writing an essay on the Ganga river is like taking a deep dive into India’s culture. Here are some key points to note when writing an essay on the river Ganga:

• Start with an introduction paragraph and mention where the Ganga river originates.
• Ganga river’s spiritual, cultural, and religious significance must be covered in the essay.
• Ganga river is a major source of livelihood in our country. Elaborate on the point, and include its uses in agriculture, drinking, fishing etc.
• Finally, end with a conclusion paragraph and wrap up by talking about its pollution level and what initiatives are being done by the people to help clean it up.

The Ganga river is considered a goddess and giver of life. It is easy to write a few lines on the river Ganga when one knows its significance. Here are 10 lines in an essay for classes 1 & 2 on the topic.

• River Ganga is sacred, and its waters come from Uttarakhand, Gangotri.
• When the two tributaries of Bhagarati and Alaknanda join at Devprayag, that is where mainstream Ganga begins.
• Ganga joins the Brahmaputra river in Bangladesh.
• Many believe that the water of Ganga is pure and to be revered.
• According to mythology, the deceased cremated near Ganga ghat get salvation instantly.
• Ganga’s plains are one of the most fertile in the world.
• Human activities around the river have resulted in the pollution of the river.
• The Indian Government has launched Namami Gange, an initiative to clean up River Ganga and conserve it.
• Ganga Aarti is a famous event during religious festivals.
• The Ganga is considered the national river of India.

The Ganga has a special place in the hearts of Indians, and for the right reasons. Its waters are used for religious reasons, and some bathe in them for healing. Here is a short paragraph on the river:

The Ganga river is the most famous in India, and people worldwide visit the country to get a glimpse of it. The Ganga is hailed as a holy river and has cultural significance also. It is a major source of livelihood in our country, as it is used in agriculture, drinking, fishing, etc.   It was once considered a source of pure water and is believed to open the door to nirvana. But, locals have been dumping waste and polluting it. To control the pollution levels of the river, the Indian Government has launched Namami Gange, an initiative to clean up the Ganges and conserve it. Locals can also do their bit by controlling their activities around the river and stop dumping waste in the water so that the river can remain clean and we can reap maximum benefits from it. 

You can write an essay in 150 to 200 words on the Ganga river, elaborating its importance in the country. Here is a short sample essay for classes 1, 2, and 3:

The Ganga represents the essence of Indian culture. The river is worshipped in India. Several legends are associated with the river. It is also known by the names Jahnvi and Bhagirathi. It is said that Shiva holds River Ganga in his matted hair, and the earliest mentions of her can be found in the Rigveda. The Ganga river also appears in many epics such as the Puranas, Mahabharata, and Ramayana. People call the river Ganga Maa as she is believed to have healing and spiritual powers. Many immerse the ashes of their deceased loved ones in this river for salvation. Having said that, the water from the river is used for irrigation, fishing, etc., which are the major sources of livelihood for the people dwelling around the river. However, the river has been under the scanner for some time as its level of pollution is rising. Ganga is considered the second most polluted river in India and is in dire need of a clean-up. The Indian Government has launched Namami Gange, an initiative to clean up the river and conserve it. But we can also contribute towards the holy Ganges by not dumping excessive waste in the water and responsibly cleaning up after ourselves when in the vicinity.

The Ganga river provides livelihood to the people of India and has great spiritual importance, too. Children can understand this better when they read and research the topic before writing their essays. Here’s a long essay for class 3 that your child can refer to when creating their composition:

River Ganga is one of the holiest rivers in India, and it is believed to bring souls closer to moksha and liberate souls from the cycle of birth and death. The Ganga Jayanti and Ganga Dussehra are two popular festivals celebrated in India. Unfortunately, the Ganga is one of the most polluted rivers in the country, despite being the longest river in the country.

Ganga is also known for its healing powers. It is said that those who have sinned can find salvation here. The Ganga runs through different regions such as Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, New Delhi, and West Bengal. River Ganga is home to various species of aquatic wildlife. Ganga river is a significant source of livelihood in our country, as it is used in agriculture, drinking, fishing, etc. Thus it is more so important to save the river and ensure it stays clean.

Origin and Significance of Ganga River

The Bhagirathi and Alaknanda streams, which converge in the Indian town of Devprayag in the Garhwal area, are thought to have been the source of the Ganges. Mythology holds that the Gangotri glacier, which is located in Gomukh, is where the river Ganga originated. In terms of significance, the Ganga symbolises hope, peace, culture, faith, and life for millions of people in India for decades. Its water is used for irrigation in agriculture, and the river also aids the fishing business. The land near Ganga is the most fertile and is useful for the agricultural produce India is well known for.

What Are The Important Tributaries of River Ganga?

The important tributaries of River Ganga are:

• Burhi Gandak

Why The Rising Pollution Of River Ganga Has Become A Critical Issue

Rising pollution of the river Ganga is becoming a critical issue because it impacts the river and our overall environment. Some of the reasons for the rising levels of pollution are – the disposal of human sewage, industrial waste and animal waste in its water. Increasing population is another factor. People living near the ghats of River Ganga are affected by illness due to water-borne infections due to the increased pollution levels of the river.

Initiatives For Cleaning Ganga River

The Namami Gange Programme and National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) are the latest initiatives conducted by India, designed to help clean up the river. The programmes talk about biodiversity conservation, afforestation, and water quality monitoring. By giving the states financial support, the government of India is assisting the state government’s efforts to combat pollution of the river. The Namami Gange Programme aims to clean the Ganges through thoughtful and well-coordinated actions.

Your child will learn a lot by reading these sample essays on Ganga, and understand the river’s connection to India’s culture and economy. Your child will also polish their art of essay writing along the way.

The Ganga River has existed since time immemorial and is a holy river that will stay close to our hearts. Hopefully, this article will give significant pointers to your child to draft their own composition. They can also research more and add more information as needed.

Also Read: Essay On Importance of Water for Kids Water Pollution Essay for Lower Primary Classes How to Write An Essay On Nature for Class 1, 2 and 3

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Essay on River Ganga

River Ganga is the most important and the longest river in India. The facts about River Ganga are greatly studied by people in different regions of the world because of its great spiritual and cultural significance. Moreover, people from different parts of India and the world come to take a glimpse of this famous river. This great river has been serving the people of India, Bangladesh, and Nepal from years. The tales of River Ganga has been mentioned in our Vedas that give evidence of the presence of this river from years on this earth.

Short and Long Essay on River Ganga in English

The topic ‘river Ganga is very important as well as interesting for all the students, exam aspirants and readers. Students often get this topic to write an essay, paragraph, assignment, project, etc. Moreover, many questions related to this topic are asked in the competitive examinations. In the same reference, I have provided a long elaborated essay on the topic of River Ganga. I hope that this essay will be useful for all the readers, students and exam aspirants in getting a brief knowledge regarding the river Ganga and this will also provide you all with an idea of presenting your views on this topic.

10 Lines Essay on Ganga (100 – 150 Words)

1) Ganga is a famous sacred river that flows in several parts of India.

2) It is the longest river in India known for its religious importance.

3) The main streams of the river Ganga are Alaknanda and Bhagirathi.

4) Ganga flows in different states of India like Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Patna, and West Bengal.

5) After flowing in India, it enters Bangladesh as the Padma.

6) In India, Ganga is positioned as a goddess and referred to as “Ganga Maa”.

7) Many people believe that bathing in this river can wash all your sins.

8) A huge population is dependent on this river for their basic water requirement.

9) Ganga river is now severely polluted.

10) Ganga Action Plan, Namami Gange, etc are campaigns to clean Ganga, enforced by the government of India.

Short Essay on River Ganga (200 – 250 Words)

Ganga is a sacred river that flows in India with its religious importance. People from different parts of the world come to take bath in this river because of its holy significance. Another reason for its popularity is pollution. The government has taken several steps to clean this river but still Ganga is considered the second most polluted river in India. India considers Ganga as Goddess and worships her by referring as “Ganga Maa”. People use water from this river (Ganga Jal) for religious purposes. After death, many people believe to cremate ashes in this river for salvation.

Ganga is the home of several aquatic species. It also provides fertile land for good agriculture. Moreover, it is a good source of water for irrigation as well as hydro-power generation. About half the population of the country is dependent on the river Ganga for drinking water.

Alaknanda and Bhagirathi are the two major streams that contributed to the origin of the river Ganga. These streams meet at Devprayag town in Uttarakhand. The length of this river is about 2,510 km. It is considered that Ganga originates from southeast Gangotri and flows in different parts of India. At Prayagraj, Ganga meets two other rivers Yamuna and Saraswati and hence the place is called Sangam. Ganga passes from different states of India namely, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal.

Long Essay on The River Having Great Cultural And Religious Significance (1500 Words)

Introduction

Rivers are very important for the survival of the people in any of the nations in the world. They have been supporting and nourishing several civilizations in past as well as present. India is a blessed land that is fed by several significant rivers. River Ganga is one of the most famous and sacred rivers in India. This river has great spiritual importance in Hindus and is considered a symbol of purity. In other words, we can say that river Ganga is referred to as a precious river by Hindus. We will be discussing in detail the river Ganga and several aspects related to this river in the long essay provided below.

River Ganga- Worshipped As Goddess in Hindus

River Ganga is a significant river for the people living in India. It is because the river flows in different parts of the nation and is sustaining the life of millions of people residing near the river bed. Jahnavi, Gange, Shubhra, Sapteshwari, Nikita, Alaknanda, etc are the different names of the river Ganga but the official name of the river is Ganges. This major river is designated as the Goddess and is worshipped by the Hindus in the entire nation. River Ganga is regarded as the Goddess of purity and forgiveness. This is only the reason that people consider that bathing in the holy water of River Ganga helps in purifying an individual from all the sins. People majorly perform the ritual of bathing in the river and then taking water in their hands and then leaving back into the river. They do this in order to pay their tribute to their ancestors as well as to God.

The places like Sangam, Haridwar, and Varanasi are considered as famous pilgrimage places for taking bath in the sacred water of the Ganga River. After bathing in the holy water of River Ganga people also carry some river water in containers and that is called ‘Ganga Jal’. This water is considered auspicious and thus sprayed in every important Hindu ritual. The ashes after cremation in Hinduism are also plunged in River Ganga as this activity helps the dead ones in attaining moksha. There are many festivals like Ganga Jayanti, Ganga Dussehra and dev Deepawali celebrated to pay homage to the River Ganga. These festivals are celebrated in all the major cities that lie on the banks of the river Ganga in India. People offer prayer on these occasions by lighting diyas and offering flowers in the river water.

Appearance Of River Ganga-  A fair beautiful woman sitting on a creature called Makara as her vehicle is considered as the appearance of Goddess Ganga. There are many stories related to the river Ganga in our ancient Vedas. The tales related to River Ganga are also present in Ramayana, Mahabharata, and Puranas. River Ganga is termed as the sister of Goddess Parvati in the great epic Ramayana whereas in the epic Mahabharata Ganga is termed as the mother of the great warrior Bhishma Pitamaha. In this way, there are several tales prevalent about River Ganga that is also called ‘Goddess Ganga’.

The Origin Of River Ganga

The river Ganga is said to have originated from the two major streams named Bhagirathi and Alaknanda that meet in the Devprayag town that lies in the Garhwal district of Uttrakhand state of India. According to Hindu mythology, the Gangotri glacier situated at Gomukh is the inception source of River Ganga. This glacier is at an elevation of 4356 meters that is also regarded as the matted locks of Lord Shiva. Alaknanda, Dhauliganga, Nandakini, Pindar, Mandakini, and Bhagirathi are stated as the sacred headstreams of river Ganga. These five sacred headstreams of River Ganga meet to form Panch Prayag. Further, the meeting of headstreams Bhagirathi and Alaknanda in Devprayag gives rise to the Rives Ganges.

River Ganga receives its major water from the rain and snow and is thus called a rain and snow-fed river. The longest river of India is 2525 km in length and the area of its basin is 1,016,124 square km. The average discharge rate of river Ganga at the Ganges delta is 18,691 cubic meters per second.

The Course Of River Ganga- The great river Ganga traces its course from the mountains in Rishikesh after flowing through the narrow Himalayan valleys. The river then traces its path through the Gangetic plains and flows in the broad plain area in the holy town of Haridwar in the Uttrakhand state of India.  Further, this major river flows in different parts of northern India. The river Ganga meets with another important river Yamuna in the Prayagraj district of Uttar Pradesh state in India. This confluence of Ganga, Yamuna, and Saraswati rivers is regarded as a sacred place in Prayagraj and given the name of ‘Sangam’. In this way, the river flows through several districts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand states of India and finally becomes Hooghly River in the West Bengal state of India.

The river Ganga after tracing its major course in different Indian states lastly merges into the Bay of Bengal near Sagar Island. River Ganga also flows in Bangladesh that is a neighbouring country of India. This river is known by the name Padma in the country Bangladesh. The Ganges delta near the Bay of Bengal formed by the rivers namely Ganga and Brahmaputra is regarded as the largest delta in the world. The area of this world’s largest delta is 64,000 square km.

Important Tributaries Of River Ganga

River Ganga is stated as a major river flowing in India and Bangladesh countries of the world. The flow of river is not only in one single direction but it bifurcates and flows in different regions of India. There are several tributaries that form part of this major river in India. Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandaki, Kosi, rivers forms the major left-bank tributaries of the River Ganga. The important right-bank tributaries of River Ganga are Yamuna, Son, Punpun, and Damodar rivers. River Ganga forms a large drainage basin that spreads in four countries namely India, Nepal, China and Bangladesh. In India, the major river basin of the Ganga River spreads in eleven states namely Uttrakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, West Bengal, and Delhi.

River Ganga- A Gift Of Nature To The People Of India

River Ganga is very beneficial to the people of India and majorly in the regions where this great river traces its course. It is regarded as the national river of India because of the enormous benefits that it provides to the people of the nation and hence it is designated as the Goddess. The importance of River Ganga for the people of India is enlisted below:

• Ganga is a snow-fed river and thus its water persists and is available to people of the nation throughout the year. The river provides sustenance to the people living on its bank from years.
• The silt deposited by the river water forms very fertile plains that support good agriculture. Moreover, the water of River Ganga is available throughout the year and thus it serves as the best source of irrigation for the cultivation of crops. The crops that grow well in the fertile Gangetic plains are rice, sugarcane, lentils, oil seeds, potatoes and wheat. In this way, it can be stated that the fertile plains and water availability in river Ganga enhances agricultural production and thus boosts the agricultural economy in the nation.
• The river water is the best fishing grounds and this again helps in boosting the economy of the nation.
• The river water has been utilized for the installation of different hydroelectric power projects and the construction of dams, bridges and canals. This has been beneficial for the people of the nation and also useful in uplifting the economy of India.
• River Ganga is considered as a holy river in Hindus and therefore the cities and towns located on this river are the major spots for tourists. People of different parts of the nation come to take bath in the river and attain its blessings. The increase in tourism helps in boosting the economy of the nation.

The Flora And Fauna Of River Ganga Basin

The large Ganga Basin was rich in different varieties of flora and fauna but the wave of human development has totally changed the scenario. Many areas of the river basin rich in natural vegetation have been converted into agricultural lands or urban areas full with human settlement. The area along the Himalayan foothills that contribute to be one-fourth of the river basin areas rich in flora and fauna is only left with the natural habitat.

This area also includes the Rajaji National Park, Jim Corbett National Park, and Dudhwa National Parks lying in the river Ganga Basin. The flora in the region of the Ganga river basin has been distinguished and there are very small patches of forest areas left over there. The upper Gangetic plains have tropical moist deciduous forests that are having Sal species in the majority while the lower gangetic plains have open forests. Bombax ceiba, Albizzia procera, Duabanga grandiflora, Sterculia vilosa are the dominant species found in the open forests of lower gangetic plains. 

The river Ganga Basin that once inhabited different wild varieties like Asian Elephants, Bengal Tigers, Indian rhinoceros, gaurs, barasinghas, sloth bears, and Indian Lions is now left with a very small number of species at present. At present, the wild varieties in the river basin are deer, wild boars, wildcats, Indian wolves, golden jackals, and Bengal foxes. The Bengal tigers are confined are now confined only to the Sunderbans area of the Ganga delta.

The Variety Of Fishes, Birds, Reptiles, And Turtles In River Ganga Basin

There are different varieties of birds inhabiting the Ganga river basin. They are myna, parrots, crows, kites, fowls, partridges, etc. Many among them such as the great Indian bustard and lesser florican species have become the threatened species in the entire world. There are about 143 species of fish dwelling in the different sections of the Ganga River Basin. 30 species of fish among them are considered as threatened species because of the prevailing issues like pollution, overfishing, silting of water, and invasive species. Ganges Shark is regarded as a critically endangered species of fish in the river basin.

The Ganga river basin is also home to reptile species like gharial, mugger crocodile, and saltwater crocodiles.  There are different species of aquatic and semi-aquatic species of turtles found in different sections of the river basin. They are northern river terrapin, three-striped roofed turtle, Indian black turtle, red-crowned roofed turtle, black pond turtle, Brahminy river turtle, Indian eyed turtle, brown roofed turtle, Indian tent turtle, Indian flapshell turtle, Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle, Indian peacock softshell turtle, Cantor’s giant softshell turtle different species of turtles harbouring the Ganga river basin but many of them have become endangered species at present.

Ganges River Dolphin- The Most Notable Species Of River Ganga

Ganges River Dolphin is regarded as the national aquatic animal in India and it is known to reside in the freshwater of River Ganga. There was a time when this aquatic creature used to be found in larger numbers in the freshwaters of both river Ganga and Brahmaputra. The number of freshwater dolphins in the Ganga river water at present has severely decreased and become one-fourth of their previous population because of the increasing pollution and the construction of dams in the river.

Is Rising Pollution Of River Ganga A Critical Issue?

River Ganga is stated as the most sacred river of India as well as it is worshipped as a goddess by the people of India. We cannot deny by this fact that the Ganga being the most sacred river of India is also the second most polluted river of the nation. It is really very sad to state that the river that is regarded as the symbol of purity is turning into the most polluted river in the nation. The excessive dumping of waste, effluent discharges from different industries, plunging of cremation ashes, flowers, incense sticks, human wastes, etc have deteriorated the quality of the river water. The river water in some cities has become black in colour.

It is demising to see such condition of river Ganga whose water was once utilized for drinking and bathing purposes by the people. The rising pollution in River Ganga has now become an international issue rather than being a national issue. The growing Ganga river pollution results in deterioration of the quality of water that becomes harmful for several aquatic species of flora and fauna. Several cases of illness due to water-borne infections are also reported in people living near the banks of the river Ganga. Moreover, the issue of global warming is also affecting the melting of the Gangotri glacier that is the source of the river.

Initiatives For Cleaning River Ganga

The growing population of the Ganga River is becoming a crucial issue in the nation. Many programmes have been launched for the purification of the polluted water of River Ganga but none have been much successful in fulfilling the objective. The major cleaning programme for cleaning of river Ganga named Ganga Action Plan (GAP) was initiated in the year 1985. This plan was the dream project of Rajiv Gandhi and was launched with great enthusiasm big expenditure with the motive of cleaning of river Ganga.

 The major motive of this programme was to clean pollution in river water in all districts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal state that lies on the bank of River Ganga. The plan was working with a vision of reducing pollution by stopping the throwing of untreated wastes, effluents and diverting their routes. The result was that the GAP could not become successful in attaining its objective. It is because the plan greatly required the proper implementation for becoming a successful one. The different activities that were responsible for the pollution of the river water were not stopped properly and thus the scenario did not change.

The Initiation Of ‘Namami Gange’

Recently a new project named Namami Gange was launched by the government of India in the year 2014 for cleaning of River Ganga. This project aims to curb the different ways that cause Ganga river pollution. The project also focuses on the building of sewage treatment plants, biodiversity conservation, river surface cleaning, public awareness, etc. Along with the efforts of the government many NGOs have also shown their interest and participated in the cleaning drive of River Ganga. There are many infrastructures built as a result of the efforts of the rejuvenation of river Ganga but the problem of high pollution levels in the river is still prevailing. It requires root implementation of the programmes and policies for making it a successful one. It is also the responsibility of every individual in the nation to help in reducing the Ganga river pollution and cleaning the same.

River Ganga is essential for the existence of the people of India and especially in the regions where it is only the source of drinking water and agricultural purposes. The river basin also provides shelter to a variety of species of flora and fauna. The rising pollution of river water is not a good sign for the people of the nation. We must make effort to reduce the growing pollution in river Ganga and ensure that our efforts might result in the conservation of this natural resource. We must not only give the name goddess to this major river but also treat it like a goddess and help in retaining its purity once again. We all must try to make people aware of the rising pollution in Ganga and also make them understand the reasons behind the same. As an individual, this will be the best way of making effort to save the rivers of our nation.

I have tried to include every essential detail in the long essay on River Ganga provided above. I hope that you will love and enjoy reading the essay on River Ganga.

FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions On River Ganga

Ans. The National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) was established in the year 2009.

Ans. River Ganga was brought to earth from heaven by the great king Bhagirathi.

Ans. Ghaghara is the largest tributary of River Ganga.

Ans. The Kanpur city in Uttar Pradesh state of India is the largest city on the bank of River Ganga.

Ans. Kosi is the tributary of River Ganga that is regarded as the ‘Sorrow of Bihar’.

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Essay on Ganga River

Students are often asked to write an essay on Ganga River in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Ganga River

The ganga river.

The Ganga River, also known as the Ganges, is a sacred river in India. It starts from the Gangotri glacier in the Himalayas and flows through northern India into Bangladesh.

Significance of Ganga

The Ganga is considered holy by Hindus. They believe bathing in it washes away sins. Many religious ceremonies are held on its banks.

Wildlife of Ganga

The river is home to various species like the Ganges River dolphin and Gharials. It also supports many bird species.

Threat to Ganga

Unfortunately, pollution and overuse are threatening the Ganga’s health. Efforts are being made to clean and conserve this important river.

Also check:

• 10 Lines on Ganga River
• Paragraph on Ganga River

250 Words Essay on Ganga River

The significance of the ganga river.

The Ganga River, also known as the Ganges, is one of the most significant and sacred water bodies in India. It originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Indian state of Uttarakhand, traversing a course of over 2,525 kilometers before merging into the Bay of Bengal.

Religious and Cultural Importance

The Ganga River holds immense religious importance in Hinduism. It is personified as the goddess Ganga, believed to purify the souls of the faithful. Major religious events such as the Kumbh Mela and numerous ritualistic bathing ceremonies are held on its banks, drawing millions of devotees annually.

Economic Role

The river plays a crucial economic role, supporting millions of people living along its course. It provides water for irrigation, drinking, and industrial use. Additionally, it serves as a significant transportation route, facilitating commerce and trade.

Environmental Concerns

Despite its importance, the Ganga River faces severe environmental challenges. Industrial effluents, sewage discharge, and religious offerings contribute to its pollution. The alarming rate of contamination threatens biodiversity and human health, necessitating urgent conservation measures.

Conservation Efforts

The Government of India has initiated several projects like the ‘Namami Gange Programme’ to clean and rejuvenate the river. These initiatives aim at sewage treatment, river surface cleaning, and biodiversity conservation.

In conclusion, the Ganga River is more than just a water body; it is a symbol of India’s cultural, religious, and economic life. However, the escalating environmental threats call for collective efforts to preserve this iconic river for future generations.

500 Words Essay on Ganga River

Introduction.

The Ganga River, also known as the Ganges, is one of the most significant and sacred water bodies in India. Originating from the Gangotri Glacier in Uttarakhand, it traverses over 2,525 kilometers before merging into the Bay of Bengal. The river holds immense religious, cultural, and ecological significance and serves as a lifeline for millions of people.

Historical and Cultural Significance

The Ganga River has been a symbol of India’s age-long culture and civilization, enriching the country’s spiritual and physical aspects. It is deeply intertwined with Indian mythology and is considered a goddess, Ganga, in Hinduism. The river is a site for numerous religious activities such as bathing, which is believed to wash away sins, and cremation, as its waters are thought to provide moksha or liberation from the cycle of life and death.

Economic Importance

Economically, the Ganga River plays a vital role in the lives of the people residing alongside its banks. It serves as a source of irrigation for vast agricultural lands, enabling the cultivation of diverse crops. The river also supports fisheries, providing livelihoods for thousands of fishermen. Furthermore, it acts as a significant navigation route, facilitating trade and commerce.

Ecological Significance

Ecologically, the Ganga River is a biodiversity hotspot, hosting a variety of aquatic and terrestrial life forms. The river’s basin houses several endangered species, including the Ganges River Dolphin and the Gharial. The rich alluvial soil along the river’s banks supports diverse flora, contributing to the region’s overall ecological health.

Environmental Challenges

Despite its significance, the Ganga River faces severe environmental challenges. Industrialization and urbanization have led to the dumping of untreated sewage and industrial waste into the river, causing significant water pollution. This pollution, coupled with over-extraction of water for agriculture and domestic use, has led to a decline in the river’s health and biodiversity.

Recognizing the critical state of the Ganga River, the Indian government initiated the ‘Namami Gange Programme’ in 2014. The program aims to prevent pollution, conserve biodiversity, and rejuvenate the river. It involves efforts such as setting up sewage treatment plants, enforcing industrial standards, and promoting community participation in river management.

The Ganga River, while being a symbol of cultural and spiritual heritage, is also a mirror reflecting the environmental challenges faced by modern society. Its conservation is not merely about preserving a river, but about sustaining the ecological, economic, and cultural fabric of a civilization. As we move forward, it is crucial to address these challenges through collective responsibility, sustainable practices, and stringent policy measures. Only then can we ensure that this life-giving river continues to flow with grace and vitality.

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Special Essay: The Ganga – Eternally pure?

March 5th, 2012

Prof. Ellen Wohl, Colorado State University, United States

The Ganges, or as it known in India, the Ganga, is a river of stories. Scholars have collected many tales about this river that springs from a dozen sources on the roof of the world. Each of the stories shares the theme that Ganga, daughter of the Himalaya, is persuaded to shed her purifying waters on the sinful Earth and thus bring salvation to humanity.

The Ganga is the great collector of Himalayan snows. The many sources of the Ganga flow south and east from melting glaciers in these highlands, collecting into the great trunk stream that flows due east before bending slightly southward into the Bay of Bengal. Little water comes from the dry lowlands across the western and southern portions of the Ganga drainage basin.

As the rivers of the Ganga basin leave the steep topography of the Himalaya and enter the hill country to the south, they flow through the first of many cities spread along their courses. Cities such as Kathmandu, Nepal, along the tributary Bishnumati River, release a variety of contaminants into the rivers, and water quality deteriorates rapidly downstream. Organic pollution comes from the tens of thousands of bodies cremated on the Ganga itself, as well as human and animal wastes. More dangerous and persistent chemical contaminants released by the hundreds of factories along the Ganga and its tributaries include mercury, highly toxic heavy metals such as lead and copper, and various synthetic chemicals. Crop lands leak pesticides and excess fertilizers into the rivers 1 .

A 2001 study of contaminants in tissue from humans, domestic animals, and wildlife throughout India found that compounds such as PCBs are ubiquitous 2 . These compounds persist in the environment and accumulate in the tissues of living creatures, reaching higher concentrations than those ingested by the organism. Many of the compounds disrupt reproduction and development, as well as being carcinogens.

Foreign visitors to India have long commented on the filth of the Ganga. Indians historically believed that the river was physically as well as spiritually pure and thus had no trouble bathing in and drinking water in which partially cremated corpses floated downstream. Nonetheless, 80 percent of the health problems in contemporary India come from waterborne diseases. No one in India spoke of the Ganga as polluted until the late 1970s, by which time large stretches of the river – over 600 kilometers – were effectively ecologically dead. National attitudes have now changed dramatically, and grassroots environmental concern about water pollution, as well as government attempts to control pollution, are growing.

The government launched the Ganga Action Plan (GAP) in 1985. GAP includes interception and diversion of sewage, construction of sewage treatment plants, and development of water quality standards and protective legislation. Some aspects of water quality – dissolved oxygen levels, phosphate and nitrate concentrations – have improved locally as a result of GAP, but other contaminants such as pesticides in agricultural runoff remain largely unchanged because they are not treated in wastewater plants. A 1994 study found that residues of the insecticide aldrin, for example, commonly exceeded the World Health Organization’s guidelines for drinking water 3 . As in much of the world, water quality standards in India are only as good as their enforcement, which has been uneven. Clean water is now a limiting resource across the Ganga drainage, despite the relatively wet climate of much of the region.

River pollution is in many ways difficult for people to grapple with. An activist cannot literally embrace a portion of a river the way that people protesting excessive tree cutting in India can hug a tree. Because a river integrates an entire drainage basin, the contaminants present at any point along the river represent everything entering the main channel upstream, as well as tributaries, surface runoff, and subsurface flow. Unless the contaminants produce a highly visible result such as a massive fish kill below an industrial point source, the effects of water pollution are usually subtle and slow-acting.

Other challenges to river ecological health are present across the Ganga drainage. Headwater glaciers that supply the majority of flow within the river network are retreating rapidly as a result of warming climate, threatening the dependable supply of water on which the ten percent of global population living in the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Indus River basins rely. Water engineering in the form of large hydroelectric dams in the Himalaya, and numerous diversions and water-storage dams in the middle and lower portions of the Ganga drainage, has caused massive side effects ranging from dislocation of human communities, through loss of resources such as fishery stocks, and increased hazards from flooding, to saltwater incursions and erosion of the Ganga delta. Excessive groundwater pumping for irrigated agriculture has caused surface subsidence and reduced stream flows. Efforts to improve the water quality of the Ganga must consider this complicated context.

The good news is that rivers are resilient and, in places where water quality has improved, at least some of the components of a healthy river ecosystem have returned. Several basic steps are necessary to improve water quality in the Ganga. First and foremost, people must be aware of the problem and sufficiently concerned to put forth the very real effort needed to reverse declines in water quality. Second, setting and enforcing legal standards for water quality that incorporate not only organic contaminants, but also synthetic chemicals, is critical. Such standards rely on systematic knowledge of existing water quality conditions and the political will to create and enforce regulations, and neither the resources for systematic water-quality monitoring nor the enforcement of regulations are likely to occur without public support. Third, patterns of resource use must be altered in ways that facilitate improvement of water quality. Examples include expanded construction of residential sewage systems and municipal wastewater treatment plants; treatment of industrial effluents; and restoration of wetlands and riparian vegetation that can trap and retain the silt and clay particles to which excess nutrients and other contaminants are commonly physically attached.

Even the sacred Ganga cannot withstand the onslaught of contemporary resource use and remain eternally pure. The recognition that people can, and must, make a difference in the quality of the region where they live has the potential not only to save the rivers of the Ganga drainage, but to empower the people living along the banks of these rivers and relying on river water for life itself.

References :

1. Wohl, E. (2011), A World of Rivers: Environmental Change on Ten of the World’s Great Rivers, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. 2. Kumar, K.S., K. Kannan, O.N. Paramasivan, V.P.S. Sundaram, J. Nakanishi, and S. Makunasa (2001), Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls in human tissues, meat, fish, and wildlife samples from India. Environmental Science and Technology, v. 35, p. 3448-3455. 3. Agnihotri, N.P., V.T. Gajbhiye, M. Kumar, and S.P. Mohapatra (1994), Organochlorine insecticide residues in Ganges River water near Farrukhabad, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 30, p. 105-112.

Professor Ellen Wohl is a geologist at Colorado State University. She studies river form and process, including how human activities alter rivers. She has worked on rivers around the world for more than 20 years, and written several books about human effects on rivers, including “Virtual Rivers” (Yale University Press, 2001), “Disconnected Rivers” (Yale University Press, 2004), and “Of Rock and Rivers” (University of California Press, 2009). This article is adapted from the book ‘A World of Rivers: Environmental Change on Ten of the World’s Great Rivers’ (University of Chicago Press, 2011), which explores human-induced environmental changes on the Ganges and other major rivers in more detail.

The views expressed in this article belong to the individual authors and do not represent the views of the Global Water Forum, the UNESCO Chair in Water Economics and Transboundary Water Governance, UNESCO, the Australian National University, or any of the institutions to which the authors are associated. Please see the Global Water Forum terms and conditions here .

Riverine Systems pp 21–55 Cite as

Story of the Ganga River: Its Pollution and Rejuvenation

• Monika Simon 2 &
• Himanshu Joshi 2  
• First Online: 08 February 2022

527 Accesses

3 Citations

Water is indispensable for the basic subsistence of human beings. No wonder, most of the civilisations have come upon the banks of rivers or in the river valleys as elsewhere in the world (Chaturvedi, 2019). India is a blessed country in terms of having numerous rivers in this regard (Hudda, 2011). Unfortunately, in 2017, the Ganga River, the National Legacy, and the life support of millions of people was classified as the world’s highly polluted river (Mariya et al., 2019). Ganga, with over 2,525 km long main-stem along with her tributaries has constantly provided material, spiritual and cultural sustenance to millions of people living in and around its basin. The riverine water resources provide irrigation, drinking water, economical transportation, electricity, recreation and religious fulfilment, support to the aquatic ecosystem as well as livelihoods for many stakeholders. The myths and anecdotes about the river and its connection with the people and nature date back to ancient times (Kaushal et al., 2019).

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Simon, M., Joshi, H. (2022). Story of the Ganga River: Its Pollution and Rejuvenation. In: Mukherjee, A. (eds) Riverine Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87067-6_2

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Indian History, Festivals, Essays, Paragraphs, Speeches.

Autobiography of River Ganga – Short Essay

Category: Essays and Paragraphs On January 10, 2019 By Ananda

Who am I? I am Ganga River known with this name in Hindustani but officially; it was The Ganges.

I am one of the important water body and river in India. I flow through India and Bangladesh. I flow from western of the Himalayas in Uttarakhand, India and passes through South and east of the Gigantic Plain of North India.

I give birth to two rivers because I divide into Hooghly also known as Adi Ganga and the Padma river.

Location : Uttarakhand, India.

Length : 2,525 km

Elevation : 3,892 m.

Depth : 17m

Coordinates : 30°59’N   78°55’E.

Basin : 1,080,000 km2

My status and importance in my locality.

I, The Ganga River; I am one of the sacred rivers to the Hindus in India, I was worshipped by the Hindus in their religion/belief called Hinduism and I was personified as the goddess Gangã. I also serve millions of Indians ranging from foods and for my water. I house about 350 species of fish, Crocodilians and turtles, and the most famed fauna; the fresh water Ganges river dolphin declared as Indians national aquatic animal.

I have been used for irrigation since the ancient times, especially one of my tributaries called the Yamuna. I Provide dams (barrage at Farakka. Tehri Dam and Bansagar Dam) and canals and as well as hydroelectricity. When we talk about tourism, I attract thousands of pilgrims, the pilgrims dip their body in me because they believe it will cleanse their sins and be saved.

My Challenges

Human beings did not treat me well in the aspect of pollution, I was highly polluted and this makes me be a treat for both human and fishes (more than 265 species), 90 amphibians and also The Ganges river dolphin. The effort to make me pollution free has been proved abortive due to some factors like lack of technical expertise, poor environmental planning and lack of will and support from government and religious authorities.

I am Ganga river, I support Life, treat me with dignity.

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Ganga nadi - Ganges: A River in Peril

• August-13-2018

“ The land where the Ganges does not flow    is likened in a hymn to the sky without the sun,    a home without a lamp,    a Brahmin without the Vedas .” 

So writes Jean Tavernie in  Travel in India .

The Ganges, popularly known as 'Ganga’ occupies an integral and sacrosanct place in India’s history making her presence felt from the geopolitical to the socio-economic sphere. The river originates at Gaumukh in the Southern Himalayas flowing through Cities, Towns and quiet landscape before reaching the Triveni Sangam  close to Varanasi (Banaras). There are innumerable sites all along the river which are legendary in Hindu history and mythology.    Endearingly, the river is often referred to as ‘ Ganga-Ma ’ [meaning, ‘mother Ganga’]. It is also the very soul of India where half the population directly or indirectly depends on the Ganges for drinking water and agricultural needs.  In her book “ Banaras: City of Light ,” Diana Eck articulately wrote:

“ There are few things on which Hindu India, diverse as it is, might agree. But of the Ganges, India speaks with one voice. The Ganges carries an immense cultural and religious meaning for Hindus of every region and every sectarian persuasion .”

A sacred river revered by the Hindus and glorified in mythologies, stories, songs and poems, the Ganges is the very heart and soul of India. One would naturally expect that a river this dear to its own people would be cherished and protected with zeal. But alas, perhaps it is the very significance of the river in Hindu customs and belief that has and continues to push it to its nadir.   Today, the Ganges is threatened by the very divine prominence it has been accorded by its own people. Every year, thousands of worshippers congregate on the banks of the river to attend various festivals such as the Sangam, Sagar Mela and Kumbh Mela. This mass gathering of people that the river attracts has an environmentally adverse effect on it. Over the years the glaciers that the river emerges from have been decreasing by hundreds of feet and the decline in average snowfall in the region has prevented their replenishment. According to a number of glaciologists, part of the problem facing the Ganges may lie in the burning of fossil fuels by pilgrims who assemble in tents near the glaciers. Sadly, the reverence given to the river seems to be limited to rituals wherein one takes away from it or ‘uses’ it, without any thought or consideration for what it does to  Ganga-Ma . For example, the emersion of idols of deities and practices such as immersing ashes of the dead in the Ganges may have a divine impetus behind them, but have deadly effects on the river and environment.  The similar callousness is evident all along the Ganga basin, where it is estimated that almost 350 million people reside. As it flows through several towns and cities, untreated human, animal and industrial wastes are discharged into the river. In Kanpur, for example, chromium and other harmful chemicals from the nearby leather industries seep into the river unrestricted. The rise in contamination of ground water around the Ganga Basin areas is evident in the ever increasing cases of water borne disease such as cholera. According to the Sankat Mochan Foundation (SMF) that launched the Campaign for a Clean Ganga, fecal coliform pollution in several bathing areas is more than 3,000 times above the level acceptable and safe for human beings. Decomposed corpses that have not been cremated properly are left to float in the river, polluting the sacred waters but also threatens marine and human life.  The seriousness of the problem has been acknowledged by the Indian Authorities who realize that unless serious measures are taken, the water supply generated from the Ganges will dwindle over a period of time. In April 1985 The Ganga Action Plan (GAP) was established to clean the Ganges. Several waste treatment facilities were constructed with the help of British and Dutch companies to stop the sewage at a certain cut-off point and redirect the water for treatment. Many electrical crematoria were also built for this purpose. GAP seemed like a positive step when it was launched but could not live up to the expectations and the activities were shut down by the Government in 2000. Some environmentalists believe that more than $600 million spent to implement the GAP over the 15 year period failed to yield the desired results and benefit the Ganges. The core of the problem was an absence of a strong political will combined with erroneous technology and lack of vision to address the problem effectively and adequately. For instance, to operate the sewage treatment plants there was a need for a continuous supply of power which was unavailable and as a result the sewage treatment plants were rendered useless.  The perception of the Ganga itself as a purifying river reduces the sense of urgency as some view the problem as grossly exaggerated. The Ganga is said to contain bacteriophages that can overcome bacteria and so on as well as an unexplained ability to retain dissolved oxygen. However, whether these are seeped in age old beliefs or supported by scientific evidence is debatable.  The President of SMF, Dr. Veer Bhadra Mishra, strongly believes the struggle to clean our river is ultimately a battle about information rather than technology. It is a battle to create much greater public awareness to break through the firewall of official indifference in India. There is also an urgent need to promote greater environmental consciousness and responsibility among people to manage our waters more efficiently. The organization in 2001 launched an ambitious three-year "public awareness" project in Varanasi to better inform and encourage citizens to be part of the solution by adopting measures that would make a difference. Workers from the campaign patrol the 7 km stretch along the Varanasi ghats on a daily basis, removing human and animal corpses along with plastic bag and other litter from the river. Although it is an effort that does make a difference there remains a need for a more concrete long-term vision to save the Ganges. The initiative by environmentalist and concerned citizens has propelled the Government to become more pro-active in their approach to clean the Ganga. In October, 2009 under the Chairmanship of the Prime Minister the first meeting of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) was held. Initiatives such as the ‘Mission Clean Ganga’ to prevent untreated municipal sewage and industrial effluent to enter Ganga by 2020 and a comprehensive river basin management plan by December 2010 were put in place. In Februaray 2010, the government allocated substantial budget for the programmes to clean up the Ganges. In the Ganges lies our future water resource and a failure to protect the Ganges could prove detrimental to our own lives, as water scarcity becomes one of the biggest crisis in the near future. India’s first Prime Minter, Late Jawaharlal Nehru famously said: “intertwined her memories, her hopes and fears, her songs of triumph, her victories and her defeats. She has been a symbol of India’s age-long culture and civilization, ever changing, ever flowing, and yet ever the same Ganga.”  Every evening as one sits at the river banks in Haridwar looking across the tranquil waters of the Ganges, one can witness the devotion and religious fervor of the worshippers. The skies darken and the chants of the holy priests grow louder at the culmination of the  Ganga Aarti  (prayers) creating an enchanting atmosphere. One needs to realize that it is not an option to save the life sustaining waters of the Ganges but a necessity for in her survival is interviewed our own salvation and century old traditions and religious beliefs.

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गंगा नदी - वैश्विक प्रकृति और गंगा नदी के अत्याधिक दोहन का परिणाम है कोरोना वायरस

गंगा नदी – गंगा के बैक्टेरियोफेज की कर्मशक्ति को नहीं समझ पाना कोरोना जैसी आपदाओं का द्योतक है

गंगा नदी : गंगा के बालू क्षेत्र का तकनीकी तौर पर एसटीपी के रूप में प्रयोग गंगा जल का संरक्षण करेगा

गंगा नदी के बालूक्षेत्र को एसटीपी के रूप में उपयोग करने और गंगाजल को संरक्षित करने को लेकर भारत सरकार को पत्र

Lock down & improvement in River water Quality - Only a temporary reprieve

गंगा नदी - औषधीय गुणों से भरपूर गंगाजल करेगा प्राकृतिक सैनिटाइजर का काम

गंगा नदी - कोरोना वायरस को मात देने के लिए गंगा जल में स्थित बैक्टीरियोफेज का उत्तम उपयोग करना होगा और गंगा के प्रवाह को संरक्षित करना होगा

गंगा नदी - पर्यावरण प्रेमियों की कड़ी मेहनत से चमका खरकाली गंगा घाट

गंगा नदी - पर्वतरूपी महादेव और प्रकृति रूपी गंगा के तत्व को जानना जरुरी है

गंगा नदी से जुड़ी समग्र नवीनतम जानकारियां

English Essay on “The Ganges” English Essay-Paragraph-Speech for Class 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 CBSE Students and competitive Examination.

The Ganges is the largest and most famous river in India. It comes out from an ice cave in the Himalayas known as Gomukhi as the cave looks like the head of a cow. When it starts flowing down the Himalayas, it is known as Gangotri at a height of more than 10,000 feet from the sea level.

After flowing out as a mountain torrent for 130 miles from Gomukhi, it is joined by the river Alakhananda and then enters the little town of Haridhwar.

Haridhwar is a sacred place of pilgrimage for the Hindus. They worship it as Mother Ganga. Many pious Hindus travel every year to Haridwar to bathe in Ganges and worship at Haridwar. At Haridhwar, Ganges is a stream and it flows to Allahabad via Farukhabad and Kanpur.

The river Jamna joins Ganga at Allahabad. Jamna is also a big river flowing from the Himalayas near the soaree of Ganges itself. It is also a sacred river. The place where Jamna meets Ganges is considered very sacred and it is a pious act to bathe at the junction of these two rivers at Allahabad. After leaving Allahabad, the river flows to the east through Varanasi one of the holiest places of pilgrimage in India.

It is a city of temples and is always crowded with pilgrims. People from all parts of India go over there to bathe in the Ganges and worship in the temples in Varanasi.

To die at Varanasi, have ‘ones’ body burnt on the banks of Ganges and to have the ashes thrown into the Ganges is one of the lifetime ambitions of pious Hindus. So many old people go over to Varanasi ‘to end their old age peacefully on the banks of Ganges.

The Ganges flows through Gazipur, Patna, Monghyr and Bhagalpur. At a distance of 140 miles from the sea, it is joined by the great river Brahmaputra. In between these two rivers lie the biggest delta in the world formed by these two rivers called, Sunderbans.

Hooghly is the western branch of the river Ganges in which ply steamers to the great city of Calcutta, situate on its banks. Eighty miles from Calcutta the Ganges is divided into many small rivers and flows into the Bay of Bengal.

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5 lines on Ganga river in English

• River Ganga is considered the most sacred river in the Hindu religion. 
• The Ganga is the line of north India. It flows through the state of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal.
• The River Ganga joins Brahmaputra river in Bangladesh and is known as river Padma. 
• The Major tributaries of Ganga are Yamuna, Kosi, Gandak, Gomati etc.
• The Ganga plain is one of the most fertile plains in the world. 
• Namami Gange is a National project to clean the river Ganga. 

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Essay on Namami Gange

Namami Gange Essay for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and College students. Find a paragraph, long and short essay on Namami Gange for Students in English.

Long and Short Essay on Namami Gange for Students

Essay on Namami Gange 250 Words

River Ganga is the lifeline of 11 states and 43% population of north India. recently natural and man-made causes have escalated the rate of pollution of Ganga water to an alarming level. In 2014 prime minister Mr Narendra Modi launched the NAMAMI GANGE mission.

It is overlooked by the Ministry of water resources and Ganga Rejuvenation. The initial budget for this mission is 2037cr. The aim of Namami Ganga project is not only to stop the pollution of the river but also to clean it further. This mission aims to cover 8 states, 47 towns and 12 tributaries. Selling Ganga water is a scaled industry and after its purity is revived revenues might shoot up.

The project will give the local youth employment. Developments of ghats and beautification of riverfronts will boost tourism as a lot of spots are on its bank. But people are still reckless and dump waste in Ganga, leather and textile industry has done the most damage, also at many places, industrial waste is directly dumped into it. Religious rites like cremation and ash spilling has further degraded the water quality. Under this mission, stringent laws and penalty is imposed on perpetrators and NGT now cancel licenses of defaulters. Camping within 100m is prohibited.

Further ion-exchange multi-layer filtration and bio-remediation techniques to treat the wastewater should be done. Services of various institutes of social science should be sought by the government and shore areas of the river should be made hundred percent open defecation free.

Besides the government, we as citizens should understand the unparalleled importance of river Ganga and should pledge to keep it clean and pure.

We hope you like our essay on Namami Gange Project.

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Essential Guide to the Ganga Aarti in India

The Ganga Aarti at Rishikesh, Haridwar, and Varanasi

Tim Graham / Getty Images

Every evening, as dusk descends, the Ganga Aarti is performed at the three holy cities of Haridwar , Rishikesh , and Varanasi in India. It's a very powerful and uplifting spiritual ritual. But what's its meaning and how can you see it?

An aarti is a devotional ritual that uses fire as an offering. It's usually made in the form of a lit lamp, and in the case of the Ganges River, a small diya with a candle and flowers that's floated down the river. The offering is made to the Goddess Ganga, also affectionately referred to as Maa Ganga, goddess of the holiest river in India. The aarti takes on special significance on the auspicious occasion of Ganga Dussehra (in May or June each year), when Maa Ganga is believed to have descended from heaven to earth.

Overview of the Ganga Aarti

The aarti is carried out facing the river. The lamps are lit and circled around by the pandits (Hindu priests) in a clockwise manner, accompanied by changing or songs in praise of Mother Ganga. The idea is that the lamps acquire the power of the deity. After the ritual is complete, devotees will cup their hands over the flame and raise their palms to their forehead in order to get the goddess's purification and blessing.

Where is the Ganga Aarti Performed?

As mentioned above, the Ganga Aarti happens every evening (rain, hail, or shine!) on the banks of the Ganges River in Haridwar, Rishikesh, and Varanasi. However, the ceremony is very different in each of these places.

Read on to find out about the Ganga Aarti in each place.

Haridwar Ganga Aarti

The Haridwar Ganga Aarti is held at Har-ki-Pauri ghat. The name of this famous ghat literally means "Feet of the Lord". A footprint on a stone wall there is said to belong to Lord Vishnu. In terms of spiritual importance, Har-ki-Pauri is considered to be equivalent to Dashashwamedh Ghat where the aarti takes place in Varanasi. Legend has it that some nectar ( amrit ) landed there after falling from a pot carried by the celestial bird Garuda.

The Ganga Aarti at Haridwar is possibly the most interactive of the three main Ganga aartis in India and will have the deepest appeal to pilgrims, particularly those with an Indian background. It has a location of spiritual significance the same as the Varanasi Ganga Aarti but isn't as flamboyant and staged. Yet, it's quite the spiritual circus: people, pandits, babas , idols of various gods, loudspeakers, clanging bells, singing, incense, flowers, and flames! All this combines to create a very sensory experience. Some people say that it's too commercial, crowded, and noisy. However, I found it to be one of the most awe-inspiring things I've ever witnessed in India.

How to Attend the Haridwar Ganga Aarti

There are a couple of options for attending the aarti , depending on how you want to see it and what you're prepared to pay. It's possible just to sit on the steps and watch it from a distance, like most people.

However, if you're staying in a decent hotel such as the Haveli Hari Ganga , a guide will most probably be available to take you to the aarti . This way, you'll be able to get in among the action and participate in it. You'll be blessed by a pandit , and ushered to the front steps of the ghat, right where the lamps are circled. If you're fortunate, you'll even be able to hold one of the lamps. The evocative chanting coupled with the billowing flames, and the holy water lapping at your feet, makes it particularly moving and unforgettable. You can really immerse yourself in this ancient ritual. It's highly recommended.

Of course, at the end, when the pandits ask for money, it can be a rude shock. They're known to be greedy, and if you're a foreigner they've been known to ask for thousands of rupees. It's definitely not necessary to give this much though. An amount of 501 rupees (for a couple) is more than sufficient if you're feeling generous. Tip: If you're a woman, do take a scarf to cover your head for religious reasons. Don't worry too much if you don't have one though. You'll be issued with a thread to perform the same function.

Rishikesh Ganga Aarti

The most well known Ganga Aarti in Rishikesh is held on the bank of the river at Parmarth Niketan ashram . It's a much more intimate and relaxed affair than the aartis at Haridwar and Varanasi and is devoid of the theatrics as well. Many people prefer it for these reasons. They find it much more spiritual.

Instead of being performed by pandits , the Ganga Aarti at Parmarth Niketan is organized and performed by ashram residents, particularly the children who are studying the Vedas there. The ceremony commences with the singing of bhajans (devotional songs), prayers, and a hawan (a purifying and sacred ritual that takes place around a fire, with the offerings made to Agni, the fire god). The lamps are lit and the aarti occurs as the final part of the ceremony. The children sing along with the spiritual head of the ashram, in sweet, haunting voices. A huge statue of Lord Shiva overlooks the proceedings.

How to Attend the Rishikesh Ganga Aarti

Everyone is welcome to attend the Ganga Aarti at Parmarth Niketan. Do arrive early if you want to get a seat on the steps close to the action. It can be difficult to see otherwise. Shoes must be removed but you can securely store them for free at the entrance.

Varanasi Ganga Aarti

The Varanasi Ganga Aarti takes place every sunset at holy Dasaswamedh Ghat , near Kashi Vishwanath Temple. It differs from the aartis at Haridwar and Rishikesh in that it's a highly choreographed ceremony. Although a spectacular must-see, some people consider it to be too much of an artificial and showy extravaganza to have a lot of meaning in a spiritual context.

The aarti is performed on a stage by a group of young pandits , all draped in saffron-colored robes with their puja plates spread out before them. It commences with the blowing of a conch shell, and continues with the waving of incense sticks in elaborate patterns and circling of large flaming lamps that create a bright hue against the darkened sky. The movement of the lamps, held in the pandits ' hands, is tightly synchronizing to the rhythmic chants of hymns and clang of cymbals. The heady scent of sandalwood thickly permeates the air.

How to Attend the Varanasi Ganga Aarti

People start arriving very early (as early as 5 p.m.) in order to get a good position for viewing the aarti . A novel and effective way of seeing it is by boat from the river. Alternatively, many shops in the vicinity hire their balconies out to tourists. A maha aarti (great aarti) takes place on a particularly elaborate scale in Varanasi near the end of each year on Kartik Purnima.

There's also an early morning sunrise Ganga Aarti in Varanasi, organized by Subah-e-Banaras.

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A Mythological Story - Descent of Ganga

The mythological story of Ganga is an amazing story that teaches children that:

 With patience, anything can be achieved. 

  Good wins over evil.

An Overview of the Story of Descent of Ganga

This is a story about how Ganga came to earth when king Sagara’s children were burned to ashes by Sage Kapila. He wanted to purify the souls of his lost sons and started a Tapasya to please lord Brahma. He died during this prayer, and his grandsons continued to do the Tapasya.

One more version of the story is about Arjuna's penance for his payment to Lord Shiva's help in the battle of Mahabharat. This story teaches the children how patience is rewarded and that good wins over evil. 

The Descent of Ganga Story

Once upon a time, demons and gods were at odds. The demons devised a strategy to defeat the gods. They hid in the ocean during the day and attacked the gods at night. Fearing defeat in this manner, the gods sought assistance from Sage Agastya.

Agastya resolved their issue by drinking the entire ocean. The gods soundly defeated the demons now that they had nowhere to hide. The gods then asked Agastya to return to the ocean. Agastya said he could not because he had already digested the ocean.

The earth's inhabitants now had no water because the ocean had dried up. The gods became concerned and went to Vishnu, requesting that he bring water to earth. Meanwhile, King Sagara, who had sixty thousand sons, was conducting a yagna to conquer the entire world.

He had sent out a white horse, and the king of that kingdom either had to fight Sagara or give him his crown, according to custom. Sagara wanted to become the most powerful by conquering the entire world in this manner. Indra decided to take the horse and hid it in the ashram of sage Kapila. Sagara dispatched his sons to find the horse. They arrived at Kapila's ashram. Sage Kapila was meditating when he became disturbed.

With one annoyed look in his eyes. Kapila reduced them all to ashes. Sagara was devastated by his sons' deaths. He desired to cleanse his sons' souls, but only the Ganga could do so by washing their ashes. Ganga had to be returned to earth. So, in order to please Brahma, Sagara performed tapasya. However, he died before completing the Tapasya. His grandson then continued the Tapasya.

Bhagiratha, Sagara's seventh descendant, was able to delight Brahma. Brahma granted his wish and directed the Ganga to flow to earth. But Ganga refused to leave heaven and return to earth. The pressure of her flow threatened to wipe out all life on earth. Only Shiva's powerful hair could contain Ganga's power. Bhagiratha requested Shiva's assistance, and then the descent of Ganga began.

Shiva spread his hair across the sky. As soon as Ganga began to flow down, he collected her water in the form of several small streams in his hair. She then accompanied Bhagiratha to the location of his ancestors' ashes. Ganga flowed carelessly because she was young. She flooded Sage Jahnu's ashram. Jahnu was performing a yagna at the time.

When Jahnu performed a yagna, the water extinguished all the fires. Jahnu, being enraged, swallowed Ganga. When he learned about the lengthy Tapasya performed to bring Ganga to earth, he consented to let her go. Ganga flowed out of him after he cut open his left thigh. Ganga became known as Jahnvi, Jhanu's daughter.

Ganga flowed on, purifying Bhagiratha's ancestors' ashes. As a result, Ganga is also known as Bhagirathi. Following that, Ganga started flowing and filled the empty ocean. It was the descent of the Ganges Mahabalipuram. The ocean became renowned as Sagara after King Sagara's name. The people of earth then had access to clean water.

However, an alternative interpretation of the story known as Arjuna penance, which is the penance done by Arjuna in exchange for Shiva's assistance in battle, has also been proposed.

Lord Shiva Spreading his Hair to Contain Ganga’s Power

Moral of the Story of the Descent of Ganga

The story of the descent of Ganga is about how Ganga came to earth as a result of the Tapasya of king Sagara and his grandsons as his penance for interrupting Sage Kapila's meditation. It teaches children to have patience in life. This story also helps kids understand that evil wins over good and good intentions are rewarded in the end.

Note to Parents 

Parents can narrate this mythological story of Ganga to their children and explain how the river Ganga and its stream were born, how the gods won over the demons, and also the patience of king Sagara and his grandsons, which made Lord Brahma bestow on them the precious river of Ganga from the heavens to the earth.

FAQs on A Mythological Story - Descent of Ganga

1. Where did the river Ganga descend?

The descent of the Ganges in Mahabalipuram is depicted in the story. According to the story, it descends from Shiva's hair.

2. Why did Sage Kapila kill King Sagara’s son?

Sage Kapila was meditating when he was disturbed by King Sagara and his sons. With one look of annoyance, the sons turned into ashes.

3. Who performed the Tapasya after King Sagara’s death?

His grandsons performed the Tapasya after King Sagara’s death.

Digital English

Write a short paragraph on “pollution of ganga river” for all classes.

Short Paragraph on Pollution of Ganga River in English

THE POLLUTION OF THE GANGES

The river Ganga is believed to be a holy river. It originates from the Gangotri glacier in the Himalayas and empties/merges into the Bay of Bengal in eastern India. It covers a length of 2525km. This river is regarded as a goddess by the people. But the people of India are polluting the river by their reckless and selfish activities. Ganga Pollution is one of the major problems in India. Industrial effluents are the main source of pollution in the Ganga. Several factories like rubber, plastic and leather etc. have evolved along the bank of the river and discharge their effluents into the river. As a result the lives under water get affected. The growth of fishes has heavily decreased. According to recent survey, around 1 billion liters of untreated, raw savage are dumped in the river. Dumping of carcasses of humans and animals into the river is another source of Ganga Pollution. Many human dead bodies are creamed on the ghats of the river are emersed in the river. Various measures have been taken by the government to tackle Ganga Pollution. We should extend our hands to solve this problem.

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