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India’s Target of $5 Trillion Economy

We are now $3.3 trillion as per the data.

More about the news

There are mixed opinions about India’s economic potential for target achievement.
A study conducted by the National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) shows that the targets are easily attainable by following the bottom-up approach recommended by the Department of Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) .
A working group constituted by DPIIT proposed to treat districts as the primary unit for planning and policy interventions so that they contribute to the accelerated growth of the Indian economy.
Prepare strategies for the districts centred around their local strengths and economic activities .
NCAER notes that local communities and resources hold the key to India’s economic growth.
Finding potential sectors of growth;
Implementing actions, such as assessing capacities of the district and identifying potential investors and sites for undertaking growth activities;
Offering support to the district development unit as well as recommendations for course correction ; and
Sharing the findings with local communities or the target groups .
These areas of economic growth can then be implemented by leveraging existing central- or state-sponsored government schemes, notes NCAER.

Possible Challenges

Economic activity had come to a grinding halt due to the lockdown imposed to prevent the spread of COCID-19.
Not easy to reach $5 trillion by 2024-25 with present Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is only close to $2 trillion
The World Bank has cut India’s economic growth forecast for the current fiscal to 7.5% as rising inflation , supply chain disruptions, and geopolitical tensions taper recovery.
Other Factors: Threat of rising inequality, Possibility of egregious consequences in trying to achieve growth etc.

More ways to achieve the target

In order to achieve the USD five trillion economy, growth which is the answer to many socio economic problems should become the undivided concern of the government and equity which is equally important will be a distant dream unless high growth spurred by reforms support it.
India needs a faster growth rate to make up for the loss of output in the previous two years from the trend rate and must lay the foundation for faster growth in this year itself.
As revenues improve, expenditures can be increased even as there is no need to reduce the fiscal deficit below the budgeted level of 6.8 percent of GDP
A key channel through which the manufacturing sector could be rejuvenated is by increasing the number of countries participating in Global Value Chains (GVCs) .
There is a need for dedicated efforts to narrow the knowledge gap.
Deep and wide-ranging structural reforms in the financial sector, power & foreign trade are the need of the hour.
Also, reforms in cooperation with the states are also urgent in health, education, labour and land, which are all primarily state subjects.

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A $5 Trillion Indian Economy

Home » A $5 Trillion Indian Economy

November 24, 2023
GS-3 Indian Economy
Indian Economy

Recently the Prime Minister declared an extension of the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojna for five years in an election rally in Chhattisgarh. Notably, 2028 is the year the government anticipates India to attain the status of the world’s third-largest economy, boasting a GDP of $5 trillion. Even with a $5 trillion GDP, a significant portion of the Indian population still grapple with hunger. The broader inquiry delves into who will truly benefit from the accelerated push towards these economic targets.

GS3- Indian Economy- Inclusive Growth

Mains Question:

As India targets becoming a $5 Trillion economy by 2028, who will truly benefit from the accelerated push towards this economic target remains a question. Analyse by drawing lessons from the current state of other countries like Japan. (15 marks, 250 words)

Examining the Current State of Japan- the World’s Third-largest Economy by GDP:

Reports indicate a concerning occurrence of suicide every 20 minutes in Japan. Approximately 15 lakh Japanese individuals have isolated themselves, engaging in a severe form of social withdrawal known as hikikomori.
Disturbingly, some elderly parents resort to renting actresses who pose as their daughters on Sundays because their real daughters no longer visit.
Instances of kodokushi, or lonely deaths, where individuals are found in their apartments days or weeks after passing away, are a grim reality.
Japan’s ascent to the third-largest economy has not uniformly elevated the well-being of its populace; instead, it has marginalized the vulnerable, unraveling the fabric of family and community bonds due to the relentless pursuit of economic growth.
The rise of the high-value industrial economy led to the erosion of personal and professional relationships, causing the breakdown of multi-generational family and social structures. This was particularly challenging for the traditional, semi-skilled workforce.
Workers migrated from rural areas and satellite towns to cities in pursuit of “salaryman” jobs, only to find themselves ill-equipped for the technological advancements in high-growth sectors. Many fell through the cracks, experiencing financial collapse and social withdrawal as a result.

China’s Growth:

For four decades, Japan held the position of the world’s second-largest economy, driven by manufacturing and exports. However, the 2008 global financial crisis triggered a downturn in the Japanese economy.
Reduced consumer spending, shrinking exports, and diminishing government incentives followed. Meanwhile, China experienced a manufacturing boom, surpassing Japan to become the world’s second-largest economy.
Despite this demotion, Japan exhibited commendable ego-free economic diplomacy. Upon slipping to the third position, Japan’s leadership openly welcomed China’s ascent, acknowledging that sustained demand from the most populous country could benefit Japan’s exports.
This pragmatic approach has resulted in China becoming Japan’s largest trading partner, demonstrating the wisdom of embracing competition in the global political economy. Japan has maintained its third position in world GDP rankings for the past 14 years.

Economic Revolution in India and Personal Well-being:

A substantial disparity exists in contemporary India. Presently, the Government of India asserts that the nation stands on the brink of an economic revolution.
However, the pursuit of the $5 trillion target raises concerns, particularly regarding the well-being of the 80 crore individuals who will continue to rely on free rations in 2028.
The pillars of India’s economic growth—capital, productivity, and labor—reveal a stark reality, with data indicating that achieving a $5 trillion economy is an ambitious aspiration for over four-fifths of the population.
Examining capital distribution unveils a considerable imbalance: as of 2021, 1% of the population owned around 41% of the nation’s wealth, while half of the population possessed a mere 3%, according to Oxfam.
Paradoxically, the push toward a $5 trillion economic milestone is largely controlled by resource-rich power brokers, leaving low-resource citizens to fund the investment for this ambitious target.
Approximately 64% of the total Goods and Services Tax (GST) is contributed by the bottom 50% of the population, while the top 10% contributes a mere 3% of GST.
Simultaneously, labor, a critical driver of growth, faces constraints due to questionable educational and skill achievements and a lag in digital literacy. Although efforts are underway to enhance productivity through digital and physical infrastructure, challenges persist.
The government acknowledges that affluent individuals are positioning themselves to achieve the $5 trillion target just before the 2029 general election. This is anticipated to enhance India’s influence and global standing, along with bolstering the Prime Minister’s prominence on the world stage.

Government Initiatives:

The government’s articulated tools and sectors for reaching this goal encompass the “digital economy, fintech, energy transition, climate change, GST, Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, decrease in corporate tax, Make in India, Start-Up India, Production Linked Incentives,” all underscored by the imperative of “inclusive growth.”

Challenges with Government Measures:

These cutting-edge sectors and tools are not inherently accessible to the marginalized 80 crore citizens and millions of others, preventing them from seizing opportunities in artificial intelligence, data science, robotics, or fintech in the coming years.
Moreover, there are inherent issues with Prime Minister Modi’s assurance that India will become the third-largest economy in five years.
Firstly, with a per capita income of $2,400, India ranks 149th among 194 countries in 2022. The per capita income serves as a crucial indicator of a population’s well-being, and India’s projection at $5 trillion is unknown.
Secondly, the central challenge in achieving a $5 trillion GDP lies in its distribution, as indicated by the inequality index. While China and Japan boast values above 50, suggestive of more equitable societies, India’s value stands at 21.9, indicating a substantial disparity.

Conclusion:

As India progresses toward the $5 trillion goal, there is a looming question of whether the divide between the two Indias will deepen. While the nation may be on track to achieve this economic milestone, a significant portion of the population remains stranded in the slower lanes of an older India, observing as the new economic caravans surge ahead.

A $5 trillion economy, but for whom?

Published 24th Nov, 2023

With the aim to become the third largest economy in the world, India also needs to look at issues like poverty.

Economic Goals and Hunger Mitigation

Economic Ambition and Food Security: The extension of PMGKAY questions the coexistence of hunger and India's $5 trillion GDP goal, emphasizing a governmental commitment to food security alongside economic aspirations.
Dual Objectives: India's pursuit of global economic prominence faces a paradox as the PMGKAY commitment underscores concerns about hunger persisting amid ambitious economic goals.
Balancing Economic Growth and Social Well-being: The government's pledge to provide free foodgrains to 80 crore citizens highlights a dual focus on achieving economic prowess and addressing fundamental issues of hunger and social welfare.

Lessons from Japan and China

Japan-China Dynamics: Japan's graceful acceptance of China's economic ascent contrasts with India's current challenges. As India targets $5 trillion GDP, wealth concentration and inclusivity concerns echo Japan's past economic pitfalls.
Wealth Disparities and Funding the Economy: India's wealth distribution challenges are evident, with 1% owning 41% of national wealth. Paradoxically, low-resource citizens fund the $5 trillion economy, emphasizing economic inclusivity challenges amid ambitious growth targets.
Inclusive Growth and Per Capita Income Concerns: As India targets $5 trillion GDP, the focus on wealth distribution and per capita income becomes crucial. Japan and China exhibit higher equality values, emphasizing the need for India's inclusive growth.

Challenges and Inequality in India's Economic Sprint

Wealth Disparities in Economic Ambitions: India's push for a $5 trillion economy exposes severe wealth inequalities, with 1% owning a significant portion. The challenge lies in balancing economic growth with equitable wealth distribution.
Funding Dilemma and Inequitable Contributions: The $5 trillion economic ambition relies on significant contributions from the bottom 50%, revealing a paradoxical reliance on low-resource citizens. Achieving inclusivity becomes paramount for sustainable growth.
Per Capita Income and Deepening Divide: Amidst the pursuit of economic milestones, concerns emerge about per capita income projections and the potential widening of the wealth divide. Inclusive policies are crucial for addressing these challenges.

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A $5 trillion economy, but who will benefit? – UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis – 24th November 2023

Achieving a $5 trillion economy is an ambitious goal that demands careful consideration of its potential beneficiaries. While such economic growth can bring about national prosperity, it is imperative to scrutinize the distribution of benefits. Historically, rapid economic expansion has often led to income inequality, disproportionately favoring certain segments of the population. Policymakers must prioritize inclusive development, ensuring that the fruits of economic progress are shared equitably among all citizens. This necessitates targeted policies that address disparities in income, education, and access to opportunities. Without a conscious effort to promote social and economic inclusion, the risk exists that only a privileged few will reap the rewards of a $5 trillion economy, exacerbating societal divides. Thus, a comprehensive and socially responsible approach is essential to ensure that the economic tide lifts all boats, fostering a more just and sustainable growth trajectory.

Tag: GS-3 Economy, Inclusive growth, Issues surrounding inequality

Table of Contents

Even as India is poised to become the world’s third-largest economy by 2028, 800 million Indians will continue to receive complimentary food grains to combat hunger.

Unveiling Inequities: A Multifaceted Look at Socio-economic Disparities in India

Gender injustice .

India’s Global Gender Gap ranking (2018) at 142 out of 149 countries.
Women contend with a substantial gender wage gap, earning 34% less than men.
Despite constituting 42% of the agricultural workforce, women own less than 2% of farm land.

Caste Struggles

Caste plays a pivotal role in determining access to education, income, and health resources.
Upper caste households earn nearly 47% more than the national average.
In 2012, the top 10% within upper castes owned 60% of the wealth in the group.

Faith-Based Inequalities

Religious identities wield significant influence on an individual’s resource access.
Prejudices stemming from religious identity contribute to economic exclusion.
While certain minority groups enjoy a larger share of income, Muslim and Buddhist populations face reduced access to economic resources.

Ethnic Divides

Ethnic inequalities persist, particularly among tribal communities with unique cultural attributes.
National Family Health Survey 2015-16 highlights wealth bracket variations among SC, OBC, and ST populations.

Economic Disparities

Oxfam’s 2019 report underscores substantial wealth concentration, with India’s top 10% holding 77.4% of the national wealth.
The bottom 60% of the population possesses only 4.8% of the national wealth.
Approximately 13.6 crore Indians in the poorest 10% have remained in debt for the past 15 years.
India’s Gini coefficient, indicating wealth inequality, stood at 0.83 in 2017, placing it among countries with high inequality.

Unraveling the Ripple Effects: Ramifications of Social Inequities in India

Inequalities in India spawn social conflicts among groups, evident in caste clashes like the demands for reservations by groups such as Jaats, Marathas, and Patels.
These conflicts highlight the clash of interests, with existing beneficiaries opposing new claims, leading to violent confrontations.
Ethnic disparities contribute to movements seeking separate states or autonomy , even secession.
The North East has witnessed ethnic movements, such as the Naga movement for greater Nagalim, underscoring the consequences of ethnic inequalities.
Religious inequality fosters feelings of exclusion among religious minorities, hindering their mainstream participation.
In India, this economic exclusion compromises national GDP growth, given the significant population of religious minorities.
Existing socio-economic inequalities correlate with poor development indicators , including high rates of infant and maternal mortality, low per capita income, subpar education outcomes, and rapid population growth.
Economic inequality negatively impacts public healthcare and education.
The upper and middle classes, with access to private alternatives, often lack vested interests in the effectiveness of public healthcare and education systems, exacerbating the consequences of economic disparities.

Building Equality: Strategic Measures to Tackle Socio-Economic Disparities in India

Constitutional safeguards .

Enforce constitutional guarantees of equality outlined in fundamental rights, emphasizing Articles 14, 15, and 16.
These articles collectively form a crucial framework ensuring the right to equality.

Civil Society Empowerment

Empower traditionally oppressed groups by amplifying their voices through civil society entities such as unions and associations.
Encourage entrepreneurship among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, expanding initiatives like Stand Up India to enhance accessibility through increased funding.

Women’s Empowerment

Promote gender equality through affirmative action, reserving seats in legislatures, ensuring 50% reservation at local self-government levels, enforcing The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 to bridge the wage gap, introducing gender-sensitive education curricula, raising awareness with programs like Beti Bachao Beti Padhao.

Inclusion of Religious Minorities

Address the needs of religious minority groups with a focus on representation in government jobs, provision of institutional credit, improved education access, protection of human rights through an empowered National Commission for Minorities, and reinforcing the rule of law.

Progressive Taxation

Generate additional public resources for essential services by implementing progressive taxes on the wealthy and enhancing corporate taxation, with a crucial emphasis on broadening the tax base through improved financial transaction monitoring.

Economic Policy Reforms

Ensure universal access to high-quality public services, including healthcare, education, and social security benefits. Implement employment guarantee schemes to significantly reduce inequality.

Employment Generation

Prioritize the growth of labor-intensive manufacturing sectors such as textiles, clothing, automobiles, and consumer goods.
This strategy aims to absorb millions leaving farming, addressing the rural-urban migration challenge and benefiting the broader population.

Source: TH

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. faq: what is meant by a $5 trillion economy, and why is it a significant goal.

Answer: A $5 trillion economy refers to the total economic output or Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country reaching $5 trillion. It is considered a significant goal as it signifies substantial economic growth and increased national wealth, positioning the country among the world’s largest economies.

2. FAQ: Who stands to benefit from the attainment of a $5 trillion economy?

Answer: Ideally, the entire population should benefit from a $5 trillion economy. However, the actual beneficiaries depend on the effectiveness of government policies and initiatives aimed at ensuring inclusive growth. If policies prioritize social and economic equity, benefits can extend to all citizens.

3. FAQ: How can policymakers ensure that the benefits of a $5 trillion economy are evenly distributed?

Answer: Policymakers can ensure equitable distribution by implementing measures such as progressive taxation, targeted social welfare programs, and investments in education and healthcare. Fostering a business environment that encourages entrepreneurship and job creation across various sectors also contributes to inclusive growth.

4. FAQ: What are the potential challenges in achieving an inclusive $5 trillion economy?

Answer: Challenges may include existing income inequality, regional disparities, and limited access to opportunities. Overcoming these challenges requires strategic policy interventions, infrastructure development, and initiatives that address social and economic imbalances.

5. FAQ: How can individuals contribute to ensuring the benefits of a $5 trillion economy reach everyone?

Answer: Individuals can contribute by staying informed about economic policies, participating in civic activities, and advocating for inclusive development. Supporting initiatives that promote education, skill development, and entrepreneurship can also play a crucial role in creating a more equitable distribution of economic benefits.

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India’s economic growth and inequality- A $5 trillion economy, but for whom?

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Source : The post on India’s economic growth and inequality has been created based on the article “A $5 trillion economy, but for whom?” published in “The Hindu” on 24th November 2023.

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper3- Indian Economy- Issues relating to planning, growth, development and employment; Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.

News : The article discusses India’s economic growth and inequality. It compares India’s situation to Japan’s economic history, highlighting issues like wealth distribution and social challenges. It questions if India’s growth will benefit all citizens or just a few.

What is India’s current economic plan?

Aim for a $5 Trillion Economy: India’s goal is to become the world’s third-largest economy by 2028 with a GDP target of $5 trillion.

Emphasis on Advanced Sectors: The Indian government has identified key sectors for growth, including the digital economy, fintech, energy transition, and addressing climate change.

Reforms and Incentives: The government has implemented reforms like GST, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, and reduced corporate taxes. It also promotes initiatives like Make in India, Start-Up India, and Production Linked Incentives.

Focus on Inclusive Growth: The government’s plan is anchored around the concept of “inclusive growth,” ensuring the economic development benefits a wide range of citizens.

What are India’s economic challenges?

Significant Wealth Inequality: In India, the richest 1% own about 41% of the country’s wealth, while the poorest 50% have only a 3% share.

High Tax Burden on Poor Population: Around 64% of the total Goods and Services Tax (GST) is paid by the bottom half of the population, while the top 10% contribute only 3%.

Limited Benefits from Economic Growth: Despite India’s push for a $5 trillion economy, most benefits seem skewed towards the affluent. This is reflected in India’s low inequality index score of 21.9, indicating a large disparity in wealth distribution and economic gains.

Challenges in Capital, Productivity, and Labor: India’s economic growth faces hurdles due to uneven capital distribution, questionable educational and skill levels, and nascent digital literacy.

Gap in Per Capita Income: India’s per capita income, a key indicator of well-being, is low. In 2022, India ranked 149th among 194 countries, with a per capita income of $2,400, far below that of countries like Japan ($34,000) and China ($13,000).

Continued Need for Food Security: The extension of the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojna until 2028 underscores the persistent challenge of food security in India.

What can India learn from Japan’s experience?

Importance of Economic Diplomacy: When Japan dropped to the world’s third largest economy, it adopted ego-free economic diplomacy. By embracing China as a key trading partner, Japan demonstrated the benefits of positive international relations for economic progression.

Balancing Industrial Growth with Social Stability: Japan’s transition to a high-value industrial economy played a role in the emergence of hikikomori phenomenon , where individuals isolate themselves from society. This phenomenon is characterized by people staying indoors for long periods, often in their homes. This situation underscores the importance of adopting a balanced approach to industrialization, one that takes into account its effects on personal and social relationships.

Inclusive Economic Strategies: Japan’s experience emphasizes the importance of growth strategies that include all societal segments. Despite facing social issues and rank demotion, Japan’s high per capita income, at $34,000, compared to China suggests a relatively broad distribution of economic benefits. This highlights the need for policies that ensure economic gains reach beyond just the wealthy or technologically advanced sectors.

Question for practice:

Examine India’s economic goals and challenges in light of Japan’s economic history and its approach to wealth distribution and social stability.

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How India Can Become a $5 trillion Economy by 2029?

Government's roadmap to making India a $5 trillion economy comprises measures like focusing on inclusive growth. Check How India can become a $5 trillion economy by 2029?

Table of Contents

How India can become a $5 trillion Economy by 2029?

With an average growth rate of 6.8 per cent for the medium term, India presents a significant economic opportunity. India has a history of accelerating its growth. Prior to the Covid-19 outbreak, the average annual GDP growth rate was 6.6% as opposed to 6.3% in the decade before. India has seen periods of growth at or around 8% annually, most notably between the fiscal years 2004 and 2008. However, these were years of “growth sprint”. India is anticipated to have the fastest-growing large economy in fiscal 2023, rising at a rate of 7% per year.

5 trillion-dollar Economy Relevance For UPSC Exam

The applicants have up to this point read a significant number of papers discussing how to grow India’s economy to a 5 trillion dollar one. For the UPSC mains, it is a crucial subject, hence candidates should thoroughly prepare for it. We will give you enough material to use as practice in this article so you can do well on the UPSC main examination GS paper 3.

Indian Economy Growth Expectations in 2023

The Indian economy is expected to grow at a 6.8 per cent annual rate during the next five years, with labour contributing 10%, capital 52%, and efficiency 38% of the increase. The need for capital will be crucial, and the odds are in favour of a sustained uptick in the private sector investment cycle. By the end of the fiscal year 2023, investment as a percentage of GDP had already risen to a decade-high 34%.

The government has been in charge of raising the investment ratio thus far. Infrastructure and manufacturing are becoming more important in the new growth paradigm. The Union Budget increased capital spending in high-multiplier infrastructure segments by roughly a third. However, due to pressures for fiscal reduction, this support for capex will start to decline in the years to come. With improved bank sheets, cash reserves, and low leverage, the private sector’s contribution to investments is expected to increase.

Is India still on track to becoming a $5 trillion Economy?

India should be quite proud of itself. When the $5 trillion goal was first proposed in 2019, it felt like a far-off fantasy. Now, it appears as though India is eager to accomplish it despite adversity like never before. The country’s economy has grown to be the fifth largest in the world, with a GPD of $3.5 trillion in 2022.

There may be some speed bumps on the next road. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has lowered its earlier forecast of 7.4% GDP growth for India for the fiscal year 2023 to 6.8%. The World Bank and the OECD are two such major organisations that have revised their growth forecasts. The impact of the global economic slowdown, according to Japanese brokerage company Nomura, might cause India’s economy to grow by roughly 7% in FY23 but decelerate to 5.2 % in FY24.

Factors in Favour of India’s Growth

India has proven to be resilient in the face of these difficulties. There are numerous things that are in its favour.

Strong relationships and a diversified economy : Over the past 50 years, India’s economy has expanded steadily. The economy is broadly diversified, and it has productive trade ties with other nations.

Technology adoption : India has a huge thirst for embracing new technologies. The adoption rate has increased in the manufacturing and finance industries. This increased output while lowering production costs and raising production quality. These elements boosted profitability, which led to higher investments in innovation.

Offshoring opportunity : Covid-19 sparked a long-term movement towards remote teams in the workplace ethos. This benefits India because it is more affordable for corporations from developed countries to collaborate with Indian citizens.

Young population : With 356 million young people, India has the greatest youth population in the world. With a working population of 64%, India not only has a growing GDP and per capita income but also a sizable client base that businesses may successfully target.

Renewable energy : India’s installed electrical capacity already derives about 40% of its power from non-fossil fuel sources. With this conversion to renewable energy, both businesses and consumers will pay less, and the nation will be less dependent on imports.

According to many experts, India is best positioned to weather the economic headwinds predicted for the world in 2023. Despite revised growth estimates, India is still expected to have the fastest-growing economy in 2023 and will continue to confidently work towards the $5 trillion goal.

Indian Economy in 2023

In fiscal 2023, India is expected to grow at a pace of 7%, making it the major economy with the fastest rate of growth. We’ve quite effectively recovered from the pandemic. However, the economy is hampered by the looming global recession and the full manifestation of the lag impact of interest rate hikes since May 2022. CRISIL predicts that India will consequently slow down and see 6% growth in fiscal 2024. Below is a discussion of the suggested activities for the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors of the economy.

Primary Sectors of Indian Economy

Indian economy is, predominantly, an agricultural economy. According to the Economic Survey 2020-21, 60% of the people are still engaged in the agriculture sector, but the agricultural GVA hovers around 18%. However, in these trying times of COVID, agriculture is the only silver lining showing a growth of 3.4%. Agriculture, broadly, has 3 stages—pre-production, production, and, post-production. Check here for detailed information about the Primary Sectors of the Indian Economy .

Pre-production

In the pre-production stage, the focus should be on:

Increasing the number of farmers who are members of FPOs (Farmer Producer Organisations), as 86% of our farmers fall into the small and marginal categories; Providing affordable and high-quality seeds through programmes like Kharif Strategy 2021; Providing irrigation facilities through river interlinking projects and programmes like PMKSY (Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana); Providing price assurance through programmes like PM-AASHA (Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhi.

During the production phase, focus should be placed on:

Reducing the use of fertilisers by implementing programmes like the Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana;
The mechanisation of farms through programmes like SMAM (Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanisation);
Crop insurance provided by programmes like the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY);
Using precision farming and other climate-resilient agriculture techniques.

Post-production

In the post-production stage, the focus should be on:

Implementing the Shanta Kumar Committee’s recommendation to build storage facilities;
Improving forward and backward linkages through the use of programmes like PM-FME and SAMPADA;
Concentrating on agricultural exports through the adoption of the Agricultural Export Policy, 2018;

In addition, through programmes like the National Livestock Mission, Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture, and PMMSY (Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana), the focus should be on animal husbandry, horticulture, and pisciculture.

Secondary Sectors of Indian Economy

Since the LPG reforms , our nation’s manufacturing industry has had problems. The PMI indicator clearly shows how terrible reality is. The MSME sector, which accounts for the majority of employment in our nation, is experiencing numerous difficulties and requires an urgent update.

Steps like CGTMSE (Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises) are the right way to aid the cash-starved MSME. Additionally, measures like the Marketing Assistance Scheme must be strengthened to promote local products. The 4Ms — materials, machines, personnel, and methods — should serve as the foundation for the manufacturing sector’s revival.

Material : India needs to develop into a global industrial powerhouse on the material front, but this would require persistent government action.
Machine : On the machine front, the world is embracing Industry 4.0, therefore we must take action to convert our conventional factories into smart ones.
Manpower : In today’s technologically advanced culture, having a trained workforce is now a requirement, which emphasises the significance of programmes like SANKALP and STRIVES.
Methods : To enable the standardisation of products with lower manufacturing costs, traditional and antiquated methods need to be updated. These actions will boost our investment ratio while concurrently lowering the incremental capital-output ratio or ICOR.

Tertiary Sectors of Indian Economy

The government must also support the services sector. Prompt Corrective Action and the EASE agenda are two strategies that should be used to get the banking industry back on track. Additionally, we must work to integrate technical and vocational education and make it applicable to the workplace. In order to lower people’s out-of-pocket expenses, the National Health Policy recommends raising health spending to 2.5% of GDP.

India is also fortunate to have a vast variety of tourist attractions. Through programmes like PRASAD (Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual Augmentation Drive) and HRIDAY (National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana), we must thus reap its benefits without damaging the environment.

Additionally, infrastructure need an upgrade, which the National Infrastructure Pipeline appropriately emphasises. Start-ups urgently require protection and encouragement, and programmes like Start-up India, which exempts angel investors from paying income taxes, and the Start-up India Seed Fund Scheme will help to keep the nation’s economy strong.

Government Initiatives to Make India $5 Trillion Economy

The Government’s roadmap for making India a $5 trillion economy comprises focusing on growth at the macro level and complementing it with all-inclusive welfare at the micro level, promoting digital economy and fintech, technology-enabled development, energy transition and climate action and relying on a virtuous cycle of investment and growth. The Government’s Road Map was put into effect in 2014.

The major reforms including Goods and Services Tax (GST), Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), a significant reduction in the corporate tax rate, the Make in India and Start-up India strategies, and Production Linked Incentive Schemes, among others, have been implemented.

The Government has also focused on a capex-led growth strategy to support economic growth and attract investment from the private sector, increasing its capital investment outlay substantially during the last three years. Central Government’s capital expenditure has increased from 2.15 per cent of GDP in 2020-21 to 2.7 per cent of GDP in 2022-23.

The Union Budget 2023-24 has taken further steps to sustain the high growth of India’s economy. These include a substantial increase in capital investment outlay for the third year in a row by 33 per cent to ₹10 lakh crore (3.3 per cent of GDP). Direct capital investment by the Centre is also complemented by Grants-in-Aid to States for the creation of capital assets. The ‘Effective Capital Expenditure’ of the Centre was accordingly budgeted at 13.7 lakh crore (4.5 per cent of GDP) for 2023-24. This strong push given by the government is also expected to crowd in private investment and propel economic growth

Vision of a USD 5 Trillion Indian Economy

By breaking down the drivers of medium-term prospects into the contributions of capital, labour, and efficiency, growth accounting offers a valuable framework for analysing such prospects. We anticipate that the Indian economy will expand at a 6.8% annual rate over the next five years, with 52% of that growth coming from capital, 38% from efficiency, and 10% from labour.

Capital will be the key and stars are aligning for a sustainable lift in the private sector investment cycle. Investment as a percentage of GDP has already touched a decadal high of 34 per cent in fiscal 2023. So far, the onus to lift the investment ratio has been shouldered by the government. The growth model is changing to an infrastructure and manufacturing-driven one.

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How India can become a $5 trillion economy by 2029? FAQs

Will india be a $5 trillion economy by 2030.

India will grow at a rate of 6.7 per cent per year from 2023-24 and become a $6.7 trillion economy by 2030-31, research and analytics firm Standard & Poor Global has said. India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was $3.4 trillion in 2022-23.

What will be India's economy in 2029?

Given current growth dynamics, India should become a $5 trillion economy by fiscal 2029. Down the road, the impact of climate risk mitigation will be felt across revenue, commodity prices, export markets and capital spending. At present, there is a significant sense of optimism around India.

Is India going to be a $5 trillion economy?

"Soon, India will become a USD 5 trillion economy. There is no doubt that India will be the growth engine of the world in the years to come," Modi said and added that the country converted disasters and hardships into opportunities for economic recovery.

Can India become a $5 trillion economy by 2030?

India has the potential to grow at 6.5-7 per cent and will become a USD 5 trillion economy by 2025-26 and USD 7 trillion by 2030 depending on exchange rate fluctuation, Chief Economic Advisor (CEA) V Anantha Nageswaran said on Tuesday. Indian economy is estimated to touch USD 3.5 trillion mark by March 2023.

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The Hollowness Of A $5-Trillion Economy

Context : In trying to achieve the goal of a $5-trillion economy, the government should ensure that the growth is inclusive.

Challenges in becoming a $5-trillion economy

Growth of the Gross National Product (GNP) is not development: At best, the GNP per capita as a measure of the country’s output and well-being is growing in an extremely narrow sense.
In the convoluted world, a word like ‘Vikas, which is a loose translation in Hindi of ‘development, has come to mean more flyovers and expressways, some freebies, vanity projects and more contractor-driven projects.
For e.g., if the GNP per capita is growing at 6%, but the inflation is 7%, there cannot be any improvement in the economic well-being of the country.
The top 1% holds 45% of the country’s wealth!
Powerful interests manipulating government policymaking.
Poor tax marksmanship: as India’s low tax-to-GDP ratio consistently demonstrates.
Possibility of egregious consequences in trying to achieve the growth: If growth comes with an actual decline in employment, equality and the real income of the bottom 40 % of the population.
Impact of the pandemic: Nearly 31 million families have moved down from the middle class, and nearly 100 million people have lost jobs.
The 6 % productivity-linked incentive from the tax paid by the average taxpayers goes to large industries, further increasing inequality.
India stands at the 102 nd spot on the Global Hunger Index , 102 nd on the Human Development Index, 4 th from the bottom on the World Happiness Index , 141 st on the Gender Equality Index, 142 nd on the Poverty Index.
Thus a growth without improving health and education system will not improve the quality of life of the majority of the population.

Conclusion : Government should strategize growth and development where all essential objectives of development are met rather than trying to do distribution or waiting for trickle-down.

Whether the growth dividends go to a minority or are more distributed, whether they create employment and basic quality of life for the majority or get spent on what the elite want.
At least the following components will have to be there for equity and inclusiveness: distribution and access to food, shelter, health and protection; provision of more jobs; better education; and availability of economic and social choices.

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How can India be a 5 trillion-dollar Economy

We must be followed to towards achieve the target of 5 trillion-dollar economy by 2025.Below, we are discussing the suggested measures in the three sectors of economy—primary,secondary and, tertiary.

Table of Contents

5 trillion-dollar economy: Relevance

GS 3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development, and employment.

The aspirants have, till now, read a lot of articles that talk about making India a 5 trillion-dollar economy. It is an important topic for UPSC mains and the aspirants need to prepare this topic comprehensively. In this article, we will provide you with enough fodder material that can help you fetch good marks in UPSC mains GS paper 3.

Indian economy in 2022

Various reports have suggested that the Indian economy is slowly recovering from the COVID-19 debacle. However, the recovery is not enough, and certain steps must be followed to towards achieve the target of a 5 trillion-dollar economy by 2025. Below, we are discussing the suggested measures in the three sectors of the economy—primary, secondary, and, tertiary.

Primary sector

Indian economy is, predominantly, an agricultural economy. According to the Economic Survey 2020-21, 60% of the people are still engaged in the agriculture sector, but the agricultural GVA hovers around 18%. However, in these trying times of COVID , agriculture is the only silver lining showing a growth of 3.4%.
Agriculture, broadly, has 3 stages—pre-production, production, and, post-production.

How can India be a 5 trillion-dollar Economy_3.1

Pre-production

In the pre-production stage, the focus should be on:

Galvanizing more farmers into FPOs (Farmer Producer Organisations) as 86% of our farmers fall into small and marginal categories;
Providing affordable and good-quality seeds through schemes like Kharif Strategy 2021 ;
Providing irrigation facilities through river interlinking projects and schemes like PMKSY (Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana);
Price assurance through schemes like PM-AASHA (Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan) and MSP and;
Giving cash-in-hand through schemes like PM-KISAN .

In the production stage, the efforts should be on:

Minimizing the role of fertilizers through schemes like PKVY (Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana) ;
Farm-mechanization through schemes like SMAM (Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization) ;
Crop insurance through schemes like PMFBY (Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana) and;
Adopting climate-resilient agricultural practices like precision farming.

Post-production

In the post-production stage, the focus should be on:

Building storage facilities by accepting the recommendation of the Shanta Kumar committee ;
Improving the forward linkages and backward linkages through schemes like PM-FME and SAMPADA;
Focussing on agricultural exports through the implementation of the Agricultural Export Policy, 2018 .
Apart from this, the focus should also be on animal husbandry, horticulture and, pisciculture through schemes like the National Livestock Mission , Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture and, PMMSY (Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana) respectively.

Secondary sectors

The manufacturing sector in our country is facing issues since the LPG reforms . The grim reality is evident from the PMI index.
The MSME sector, the largest provider of employment in our country, is suffering from many distresses, which needs an urgent upgrade.
To help the cash-starved MSME steps like CGTMSE (Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises) are in the right direction.
Moreover, the marketing of local products needs to be strengthened through steps like Marketing Assistance Scheme.
The revival steps of the manufacturing segment should be based on 4Ms – materials, machine, manpower, and, methods.
Material : On the material front, India needs to become a manufacturing hub of the world, which would be possible only with sustained government efforts.
Machine : On the machine’s front, the world is adapting to Industry 4.0, so we too need to take steps to transform our traditional plants into smart factories.
Manpower : As far as manpower is concerned, a skilled workforce has become a prerequisite in this technology-driven society and, this makes the role of schemes like SANKALP and STRIVE even more important.
Methods : On the method front, the traditional and archaic processes need to be transformed to enable the standardization of products with reduced cost of production. These steps will increase our investment ratio and simultaneously decrease the ICOR (Incremental Capital-Output Ratio).

How can India be a 5 trillion-dollar Economy_4.1

Tertiary sector

The services sectors also need the government’s push. The banking sector needs to be put on track through steps like Prompt Corrective Action and EASE agenda.
Moreover, our education system needs to focus on converging technical and vocational education and making education relevant to industries.
The expenditure on health should be increased to 2.5% of GDP as recommended by the National Health Policy to reduce the out-of-pocket expenditure of the people.
Similarly, India is blessed with a wide variety of tourist spots. So, we need to extract benefits from it, without endangering the environment, through schemes like PRASAD (Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual Augmentation Drive) and HRIDAY (National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana).
Moreover, infrastructure needs an overhauling which is rightly targeted in National Infrastructure Pipeline .
Start-ups are in dire need of protection and thrust, the schemes like Start-up India, income tax exemptions for angel investors, and, Start-up India Seed Fund Scheme will contribute to maintaining the healthy economy of the country.

Way forward

These measures given above need to be coupled with steps like providing long-term investment in human capital, skills, and on-the-job training, in basic social protection.
A holistic approach is needed for the comprehensive growth of our economy.
The steps given above will go a long way in making the dream of Aatmanirbhar Bharat true.

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UPSC Essay Topics - Important Essay Topics for UPSC Mains 2023

By vajiram & ravi.

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Understanding UPSC Essay Topics holds significant importance as it evaluates the candidate's ability to analyse, present arguments, and communicate effectively. In this article, we will explore the diverse range of UPSC essay topics, their significance, and essential tips to excel in this section. Get ready to enhance your writing and analytical skills and make a strong impression on the evaluators with well-crafted essays.

UPSC Essay Paper

The Essay paper in the UPSC Mains examination requires candidates to write multiple essays , each on a different topic, chosen from a given list of options. The essay topics for UPSC cover a wide range of issues, including social, economic, political, cultural, and philosophical aspects, both national and international.

The essay paper holds significant weightage in the UPSC Mains examination, contributing 250 marks out of the total 1750 marks . Scoring well in this section can have a considerable impact on the overall ranking and selection for the coveted civil services.

Weekly UPSC Essay Topics By Vajiram & Ravi

The UPSC Essay Paper is an opportunity for candidates to demonstrate their proficiency in expressing ideas and analysing complex issues. Vajiram & Ravi Pensive-Weekly Essay Writing Programme provides you with two Essay Topics every Saturday based on the previous year's question papers and the changing trends analysis. You can submit your Essay for peer evaluation on vajiramandravi.com. This will help you nourish your writing skills, give you clarity of thought, and build the capacity to express opinions in a logical and coherent manner.

Important Essay Topics for UPSC 2023

The purpose of the essay paper is to assess the candidate's ability to critically analyse a topic, present well-structured arguments, and communicate their ideas effectively. It also evaluates their knowledge of various issues, their clarity of thought, and their capacity to express opinions in a logical and coherent manner.

Some of the Important Essay Topics to prepare for the UPSC Mains Examination 2023 are:

Gender Equality
Environment/Urbanization
Economic Growth
Federalism/Decentralization
Agriculture
Economics

UPSC Essay Topics on Philosophy

Every year, UPSC typically provides you with two or more essay topics centred around philosophical thoughts, Indian philosophical schools, or quotes from notable personalities. To effectively address these philosophical topics, you should refer to Philosophy Books to gain a foundational understanding. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Philosophy :

Everything comes to him, who hustles while he waits.
We are always blind as we want to be.
You cannot step twice in the same river.
A disciplined mind brings happiness.
The price of Greatness is Responsibility.
People would rather Believe than Know.
Mind - A beautiful Servant? Or a dangerous Master?

UPSC Essay Topics on Art and Culture

The UPSC Essay Topics related to Indian society, art, and culture cover a wide range of subjects, offering great diversity. To gain knowledge about the static content on these topics, you should rely on fundamental books on society, as recommended for the exam. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Indian Art and Culture :

Culture changes with economic development.
Culture is what we are, Civilization is what we have.
Social reform is a myth if places of worship are open only to all castes and not to all genders.
Impact of Globalization on Indian Art and Culture.
Caste System - India’s Enduring Curse.
Godmen - A Threat to Indian Art and Culture?

UPSC Essay Topics on Science and Technology

UPSC essay topics on Science and Technology can largely be addressed through current affairs. You may also benefit from consulting a Science and Technology Book for UPSC to compose a comprehensive and well-rounded essay. Here are some UPSC Essay Topics on Science and Technology:

Deglobalisation is good for the world.
Science is organised Knowledge. Wisdom is Organised life.
Technology is a Weapon against Poverty.
Prioritising Education Technology for Global Growth.
Technology is the silent factor in International Relations.
Scientific and Technological Progress cannot be equated with Human Progress.

UPSC Essay Topics on Education

Education stands as one of the preferred UPSC Essay Topics, with an essay related to this subject often appearing in the paper each year. To tackle this topic effectively, you should stay abreast of Current Affairs , incorporating significant changes and advancements in the field. Let's explore some of the Essay topics for UPSC centred around education:

Self Education is a lifelong curiosity.
Education Breeds Peace.
Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance.
Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking.
Schooling is not Education.

UPSC Essay Topics on Polity and Governance

To comprehensively address Polity and Governance topics, you should acquire fundamental knowledge from Polity Books for UPSC and Current Affairs. These resources offer static information about relevant issues and their historical context, which proves valuable while writing UPSC Essay Topics on Polity. Here are some Essay Topics on Polity and Governance:

The Role of Politics in Development.
Should Youth in India Consider Politics as a Career?
Art, Freedom and Creativity will change society faster than politics.
The politics of Identity is the Politics of the Weak.
People should not be afraid of their Government. The Government should be afraid of its people.
Government Surveillance - Good or Bad?

UPSC Essay Topics on Economy

Essays concerning economic growth are frequently included in the Essay Paper. To tackle these topics effectively, you should refer to Economy Notes for UPSC to gain a comprehensive understanding. Once the fundamentals are grasped, you can enhance their essays by incorporating examples, data, and statistics to create a multidimensional perspective. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Economy:

We don't have to sacrifice a Strong Economy for a Healthy Environment.
India, a $5 trillion Economy - Dream or Reality?
Digital Economy: A leveller or a source of Economic Inequality?
Innovation is the key determinant of social welfare and economic growth.
Labour Reforms in India and its Role in Economic Growth.

UPSC Essay Topics on Social Issues

Social issues are a significant aspect of the UPSC essay paper, reflecting the candidates' understanding of societal challenges and their ability to propose viable solutions. These essays provide a platform for candidates to analyse, critique, and suggest measures for pressing social concerns. Topics related to social issues in the UPSC Essay paper may include:

Inclusivity and Plurality are the hallmarks of a Peaceful Society.
A Gender-sensitive Indian Society is a prerequisite for Women and Child Empowerment.
The weaker sections of Indian Society - are their Rights and Access to Justice getting Better?

Previous Year UPSC Essay Topics

Practising previous year's essay topics will help you become familiar with the UPSC exam pattern , word limit, and the types of essay questions frequently asked in the Mains Examination. Analysing past essay topics will also allow you to identify recurring themes and trends, enabling you to prioritise their preparation accordingly. Regular practice with past essay topics will instil confidence in you, helping you feel more comfortable and prepared for the actual exam.

Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence.
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world.
History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man.
A ship in the harbour is safe, but that is not what a ship is for.
The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Tips to Excel in UPSC Essay Paper

Understand the Topics: Thoroughly comprehend the essay topics, including the keywords and instructions. Choose a topic that aligns with your strengths and interests.
Plan and Structure: Devote some time to plan your essay. Create an outline and organise your thoughts in a structured manner, with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.
Be Objective: Present balanced arguments and avoid a biased or one-sided approach. Consider multiple perspectives and present a holistic view.
Provide Examples and Evidence: Support your arguments with relevant examples, data, quotes and evidence to strengthen your essay.
Maintain Clarity: Write in a clear and concise manner. Use simple language and avoid jargon or overly complex vocabulary.
Practice Regularly: Regular practice is essential to improve Essay writing skills. Write essays on diverse topics to enhance your versatility.
Time Management: Allocate appropriate time for planning, writing, and revising each essay to manage time effectively during the examination.
Revise and Edit: Review your essays for coherence, grammar, and structure. Make necessary edits to refine your work.

FAQs on UPSC Essay Topics

What are the important UPSC Essay Topics?

Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics asked in Mains Examination previously:

Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.
Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
What is research but a blind date with knowledge?
Best for an individual is not necessarily best for society.
Wisdom finds truth.
Ships don’t sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

How do I Prepare for the UPSC Essay?

To prepare for the UPSC essay, focus on understanding the essay syllabus and past topics to identify recurring themes. Regularly practise writing essays on various topics to improve your writing skills and time management. Structure your essays with a clear introduction, main body, and conclusion.

Which is the best source to practise UPSC Essay Topics?

The best sources to prepare Essay for UPSC include official UPSC materials, newspapers, and magazines like The Hindu, Yojana , and Kurukshetra for current affairs, standard books on diverse subjects, government reports and publications, online platforms like PIB and PRS India, UPSC previous year papers for understanding the exam pattern, and regular practice of essay writing on various topics.

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The road to India's $5 trillion economy

If planned well, cities can promote businesses, offer greater job prospects, and provide a better quality of life for people. To achieve that, municipal governments will need to address challenges, including poor air and water quality, and regulatory bottlenecks.

As the world cautiously emerges from Covid-19, countries are charting a roadmap to accelerate economic growth and build future resilience. Given that the global pandemic strained public resources, public-private partnerships (PPPs) can be an effective tool to optimise private sector expertise and efficiency, raise private capital leveraging scarce public funds, and build back better by offering quality, efficient services to people.

For India to realise its vision of a $5 trillion economy by 2025, $4.5 trillion must be invested in national infrastructure by 2030. Timely and efficient implementation of this investment is critical to meet the challenges of a major demographic-economic trend: by 2030, around 42% of India’s population is likely to live in cities, and the number of metropolitan cities is estimated to increase from 46 (Census 2011) to 68 in 2030. To make cities liveable and sustainable, citizens need efficient services, including transport, sanitation, and others.

The question is, how?

The PPP model can be an effective and sustainable option to strengthen the nation’s infrastructure. A leading country in terms of PPPs, India ranks 70 out of 140 countries for infrastructure quality in the Global Competitiveness Index. Over the last few years, the government has rolled out several PPP programs for the delivery of timebound, high-priority public utilities and infrastructure. Going forward, the private sector needs to expand its focus to include underserved sectors such as water, waste, and power distribution. To increase the number of infrastructure projects and tap the massive investment needs, the involvement of municipalities will be critical for India.

Recognising the need for investment in municipal infrastructure, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of the World Bank Group, has provided more than $10 billion in financing for 300 projects and provided advisory services to cities in more than 60 countries over the past decade. In India, we have partnered with state governments on bankable PPPs focused on climate, social and economic inclusion, and sustainable infrastructure and connectivity, that could serve as a template for emerging markets. This includes the commercial closing of 1.5 GW-capacity Agar, Shajapur and Neemuch solar parks in Madhya Pradesh, which smashed the tariff floor and almost halved the average solar power purchase cost of the state.

Through the project’s innovative two-procurer arrangement, the Indian Railways will procure power to run trains in seven states benefiting millions of Indians. IFC structured India’s first hybrid-annuity PPP for sewage treatment, boosting the National Mission for Clean Ganga in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, and improving water quality for millions living on the banks of the Ganga River. We have also developed pioneering health PPP projects for tertiary hospitals, medical education, diagnostic services, and universal social health insurance in multiple states including Maharashtra, Bihar, and Jharkhand.

Future Roadmap

Despite the Indian government’s approach to decentralised growth, encouraging cities to consider investing strategically by tapping options for commercial borrowing is the biggest challenge. In FY18, the average commercial borrowing by the 37 largest municipalities was less than $9 million per city.

Also, while initial municipal bonds are a step in the right direction, there is scope for more funds to be raised. To scale up, the use of guarantees and credit enhancement for projects (rather than just support as viability gap or funding) would be a great step ahead. Further, the guarantees should be made with fiscal sustainability in mind. In our experience, the targeted use of guarantees or credit enhancement mechanisms in PPP structures can effectively leverage private sector funding while addressing counterparty risks.

Moreover, a clear pipeline of national and municipal infrastructure projects with timelines will allow equity investors, lenders, and developers to plan better. A well-designed strategy with uniform guiding principles for quality contracts will attract more private-sector funders and developers, including international players while enabling smooth implementation.

For a country as diverse as India, PPPs can lead to faster implementation of projects, lower costs, and increased efficiency to sustain higher performance over the life of the projects. Most importantly, by mobilising private capital, PPPs can free up scarce public funding for a range of critical services—irrigation, sanitation, health, and education.

With municipal authorities and state governments collaborating with the private sector to build sustainable cities, we are confident India will soon be ready for the next chapter in 21st-century urban resilience.

Hector Gomez Ang is Regional Director, South Asia, IFC and Thomas Edward Lubeck, is Manager, PPP Transaction Advisory, South Asia and East Asia Pacific, IFC

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WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGE

Following are the topics on which our followers have written (and writing essays) every Sunday to hone their essay writing skills. The topics are chosen based on UPSC previous year topics. Writing one essay on each Sunday will help you get better marks in this paper.

ESSAY STRATEGY by Topper – Rank 1 CSE 2017

ESSAY STRATEGY by Topper – Rank 25 CSE 2015

ESSAY STRATEGY by Topper – Rank 40 CSE 2015

[VIDEO] How to Improve Marks in Essay and Ethics Papers?
[VIDEO] How to Write Philosophical Essays

WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2024

April 14, 2024 : Consistency is the last refuge of the unimaginative.
April 07, 2024 : Came from plant, use it; made in plant, don’t.
March 30, 2024 : A Business That Makes Nothing More Than Money Is Poor Business
March 24, 2024 : If Voting Really Made Difference, They Would Not Let Us Do It
March 17, 2024 : Cinema Is Not A Slice Of Life, But A Piece Of Cake.
March 10, 2024 : Education Can give skill, but a liberal education can give dignity
March 3, 2024 : Sometimes when you lose your way you find yourself
February 25, 2024 : Who Looks Inside Awakes, Who Looks Outside Dream
February 18, 2024 : Never Let School Interfere With Your Education
February 11, 2024 : Whoever Controls the Media Controls the Mind
February 04, 2024 : A certain darkness is needed to see the stars
January 28, 2024 : Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it
January 21, 2024 : Subtle Is powerful
January 14, 2024 : The power of community to create health is far greater than any physician, clinic or hospital.
January 07, 2024 : Give them Quality. That’s The Best Kind of Advertising

WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2023

December 31, 2023 : The only antidote to mental suffering is physical pain
December 24, 2023 : All Great Changes Are Preceded By Chaos
December 17, 2023 : We are drowning in information, but starved for Knowledge
December 10, 2023 : Violence Is the last resort of the incompetent
December 03, 2023 : Be a Voice, Not an Echo
November 26, 2023 : A Society that has more justice is the society that needs less charity
November 19, 2023 : Sell Your Cleverness and Buy Bewilderment
November 12, 2023 : love takes off the masks that we fear we cannot live without and know we cannot live within
November 5, 2023 : Clothes Make The Man
October 29, 2023 : Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.
October 22, 2023 : Mathematics is the music of reason
October 15, 2023 : Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines
October 08, 2023 : Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.
October 01, 2023 : Not All Who Wander Are Lost
September 24, 2023 : Visionary Decision-Making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic
September 17, 2023 : Thinking Is Like A game. It does not begin unless there is an opposition team.
September 10, 2023 : Unless we have well-educated people, we are vulnerable on National Security
September 03, 2023 : Harsh Laws are, at times, better than No laws
August 27, 2023 : Nations Do Not Die From Invasion. They Die From Internal Rottenness
August 20, 2023 : In Individuals, insanity is rare; In groups, parties and nations, it is the rule.
August 13, 2023 : Economics Is Too Important To Leave To The Economists.
August 06, 2023 : A self without a book-shelf is naked.
July 30, 2023 : Wrong Choices Lead To Right Places
July 23, 2023 : Credit where credit is due.
July 16, 2023 : A right is not what someone gives you; it’s what no one can take away from you.
July 9, 2023 : The measure of intelligence is the ability to change
July 2, 2023 : Do what you can, with what you have, where you are.
June 25, 2023 : In the long run , the sword will always be conquered by the spirit
June 18, 2023 : The company you keep determines your Success
June 11, 2023 : A disciplined mind brings happiness.
June 4, 2023 : Our moral responsibility is not to stop the future but to shape it
May 28, 2023 : Action breeds confidence and courage
May 21, 2023 : A library is a hospital for the mind
May 14, 2023 : Self-Education is Life-Long Curiosity
May 7, 2023 : Silence is Spurious Golden
April 30, 2023 : The price of greatness is responsibility
April 23, 2023 : Progress is impossible without change
April 16, 2023 : The Impact of Artificial Intelligence.
April 9, 2023 : People would rather believe than know.
April 2, 2023 : Prioritizing education technology for global growth
March 26, 2023 : Technology is a weapon against poverty
March 19, 2023 : Every choice you make makes you
March 12, 2023 : Patience is a virture ; virtue is a grace
March 5, 2023 : Before any fight, it is the fight of mind
February 26, 2023 : The Measure of a man is what he does with Power.
February 19, 2023 : When you kill time, you kill life.
February 12, 2023 : Delayed success mostly stays forever.
February 05, 2023 : The wound is the place where the Light enters you.
January 29, 2023 : Doubt is an uncomfortable condition, but certainty is a ridiculous one.
January 22, 2023 : I am what I am, so take me as I am
January 15, 2023 : Real learning comes about when the competitive spirit has ceased
January 08, 2023 : Time hurts but it also heals. It punishes but it rewards too- it is the greatest teacher ever for a human.
January 01, 2023 : The Beginning is the End and the End is The Beginning.

WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2022

December 25, 2022 : To tolerate is purely an act of mind
December 18, 2022 : The arc of moral universe is long, but it bends towards justice
December 11, 2022 : Religion is a culture of faith; Science is a culture of doubt.
December 04, 2022 : My best friend is a person who will give me a book I have not read
November 27, 2022 : Everything comes to him who hustles while he waits
November 20, 2022 : We are always blind as we want to be
November 13, 2022 : By your stumbling, the world is perfected.
November 6, 2022 : You cannot step twice in the same river
October 30, 2022 : Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.
October 23, 2022 : A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities
October 16, 2022 : The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining
October 9, 2022 : A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for
October 2, 2022 : History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man
September 25, 2022 : Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world
September 18, 2022 : Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence
September 11, 2022 : Culture changes with economic development.
September 4 2022 : We don’t see things as they are, we see them as we are.
August 28 2022 : The obstacle is the path.
August 21 2022 : What is to give light must endure burning.
August 14 2022 : “He who has never learned to obey cannot be a good commander.” Aristotle.
August 7 2022 : Any fool can know. The point is to understand.” Albert Einstein
July 31, 2022 : A bad conscience is easier to cope with than a bad reputation. Friedrich Nietzsche.
July 24, 2022 : Time is all we have and don’t
July 17, 2022 : Life fritters away when distractions become your lifestyle
July 10, 2022 : After every darkness comes the dawn July 10, 2022 : After every darkness comes the dawn
July 3, 2022 : Mind – a beautiful servant? Or a dangerous master?
June 26, 2022 : Education Breeds Peace
June 19, 2022 : A great leader is never angry
June 12, 2022 : That which hurts, instructs; That which instructs, creates; Creates Wonders!
June 05, 2022 : Don’t let what you cannot do interfere with what you can do
May 29, 2022 : The journey is a reward as well as destination
May 22, 2022 : Imagination creates reality
May 15, 2022 : The curious paradox is, only if we accept things as they are, things can change
May 08, 2022: The whole problem with the world is that fools and fanatics are so certain of themselves, while wiser people are so full of doubts
May 01, 2022: Loyalty To Country Always. Loyalty To Government Only When It Deserves
April 24, 2022: Successful Investing Is Anticipating The Anticipations of Others
April 17, 2022: Courage is resistance to fear, mastery of fear, not absence of fear
April 10, 2022 : Tell me and I forget. Teach me and I remember. Involve me and I learn
April 03, 2022 : Forgiveness is the final form of love
March 27, 2022 : The world of reality has its limits; the world of imagination is boundless
March 20, 2022 : Reason has always existed, but not always in a reasonable form.
March 13, 2022 : Everything we hear is an opinion; not a fact
March 5, 2022 : There are better practices to “best practices”
February 27, 2022 : History repeats itself first as a tragedy second as a farce.
February 20, 2022 : What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
February 13, 2022 : Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world
February 6, 2022 : The real is rational and the rational is real.
January 30, 2022 : Philosophy of Wantlessness Is Utopian, while the philosophy of materialism is chimera.
January 23, 2022 : Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.
January 16, 2022 : The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.
January 09, 2022 : Knowing oneself is the beginning of all wisdom
January 02, 2022 : Biased Media Is A Real Threat To Indian Democracy

WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2021

December 26, 2021 : What Gets Measured Gets Managed
December 19, 2021 : The enemy of stability is complacency
December 12, 2021 : A clear conscience fears no accusation
December 05, 2021 : Power of vested interests is vastly exaggerated compared with the gradual encroachment of ideas
November 28, 2021 : The whole is more than a sum of its parts
November 21, 2021 : Scientific and technological progress cannot be equated with the progress of humanity
November 14, 2021 : The price of our vitality is the sum of all our fears
November 7, 2021 : Lawlessness is the result of failure to cultivate a sense of self-evaluation
October 30, 2021 : What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of difference you want to make
October 24, 2021 : Science for the economic freedom of humanity
October 17, 2021 : An interdependent world cannot be an inequitable world
October 03, 2021 : Strength comes from an indomitable Will
SEPTEMBER 26, 2021 : Ethnocracy and concentration of power can derail even an affluent nation
SEPTEMBER 19, 2021 : Conservation is a state of harmony between men and land.
SEPTEMBER 12, 2021 : Culture of entitlement comes with unreasonable expectations and insecurities
SEPTEMBER 5, 2021 : Literacy is a vital skill that enhances dignity, improves health outcomes, empowers people to access their rights and bolsters opportunities
AUGUST 29, 2021 : A parliamentary system of government rests on a functioning opposition as ‘no democracy can do without it’.
AUGUST 22, 2021 : Development must lead to dismantle all kinds of human unfreedom
AUGUST 15, 2021 : Sport is a reflection of larger social phenomena
AUGUST 8, 2021 : Every social stratum has its own Common Sense and its own good sense
AUGUST 1, 2021 : Capitalism without competition is not Capitalism. It is Exploitation.
JULY 25, 2021 : We don’t have to sacrifice a Strong Economy for a Healthy Environment
JULY 18,2021 : We Need not a social conscience, but a social consciousness.
JULY 11, 2021 : The cure for evils of democracy is more democracy.
JULY 04, 2021 : No Constitution by itself achieves perfect justice
JUNE 27, 2021 : Our world has achieved brilliance without conscience.
JUNE 20, 2021 : Our common humanity demands that we make the impossible possible.
JUNE 13, 2021 : Without courage we cannot practice any other virtue with consistency. We can’t be kind, true, merciful, generous, or honest.
JUNE 06, 2021 : The political problem of mankind is to combine three things: economic efficiency, social justice and individual liberty.
MAY 30, 2021 : Economics without ethics is a caricature & ethics without economics is a fairy tale.
MAY 23 , 2021 : Indecisiveness is the rival of Progression
MAY 16 , 2021 : Time changes everything except something within us which is always surprised by change.
May 09, 2021 : The possession of arbitrary power has always, the world over, tended irresistibly to destroy humane sensibility, magnanimity, and truth
May 02, 2021 : The truth of character is expressed through choice of act ions
April 25, 2021 : It is not our differences that divide us; It is our inability to recognise, accept, and celebrate those differences.
April 18, 2021 : Nothing in the world is more dangerous than sincere ignorance and conscientious stupidity.
April 11, 2021 : Solutions emerge if situations are not forced
April 04, 2021 : Morality is subservient to materialistic values in present times
March 28, 2021 : Prejudice is a burden that confuses the past, threatens the future and renders the present inaccessible
March 21, 2021 : Our major social problems are not the cause of our decadence but are a reflection of it
March 14, 2021 : The Future of Multilateralism : Towards a responsible Globalization
March 07, 2021 : Subtlety may deceive you; Integrity never will
February 28, 2021 :Technology as the silent factor in international relations
February 21, 2021 :Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality
February 14, 2021:There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless
February 07, 2021: Culture is what we are civilization is what we have
January 31, 2021: Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication
January 24, 2021: Ships do not sink because of water around them , ships sink because of water that gets into them
January 17, 2021: Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self
January 10, 2021: Life is long journey between human being and being humane
January 03, 2021: The Covid pandemic has revealed the urgent need for effective governance everywhere”
December 27, 2020: Challenges of 21st Century – insurmountable?
December 20, 2020: Too much Democracy is Detrimental to Development
December 13, 2020: Happiness is not an ideal of reason, but of imagination.

WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2020

December 06, 2020 : As you Start to walk on the way, the Way appears
November 29, 2020: Need of the Hour is to Maximise Possibilities of Agriculture in India
November 22, 2020: The survival of democracy depends on its ability to lower social uncertainty
November 15, 2020: There is no greatness where there is no simplicity
November 08, 2020: Inequality can be Reduced by the Power of the Market rather than the Government
November 01, 2020: Civil liberties are fundamental to the functioning of modern democracies
October 25, 2020: Artificial Intelligence is Not All Evil – It can Promote Social Good Too
October 18, 2020: Wherever law ends, tyranny begins
October 11, 2020:Hyper-globalism is threat to human prosperity
September 27, 2020: Our World is in a Surplus of Multilateral Challenges and a Deficit of Solutions
September 20, 2020: In India Agriculture and the Farmer are both the Victims of Narrow Political Vision
September 13, 2020: India Needs Aggressive and Pragmatic Neighbourhood Policy
September 6, 2020: “The greatest discovery of all time is that a person can change his future by merely changing his attitude .
August 30, 2020: The worst form of inequality is to try to make unequal things equal
August 23, 2020: Justice will not be served until those who are unaffected are as outraged as those who are.
August 16, 2020: Life without liberty is like a body without spirit.
August 09, 2020: Strive not to be a success, but rather to be of value
August 02, 2020: New Education Policy 2020: A Progressive Policy with Diverse Challenges
July 26, 2020: In a democracy, the individual enjoys not only the ultimate power but carries the ultimate responsibility
July 19, 2020: Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance
July 12, 2020: The human spirit must prevail over technology
July 05, 2020: When the power of love overcomes the love of power the world will know peace.
June 28, 2020: Today India Needs ‘Harmony in Diversity’, Not Unity in Diversity.
June 21, 2020: A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.
June 14, 2020: Post Independence, the Issue of Land is at the Core of India’s Non-Achievement of Its Development Aspirations
June 7, 2020: Never Let a Good Crisis Go to Waste
May 31, 2020: Despite Challenges, To be a Healthy and Successful Nation, India must Ensure Universal Health Coverage
May 24, 2020: Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man’s character, give him power.
May 17, 2020:The test of our progress is not whether we add more to the abundance of those who have much it is whether we provide enough for those who have too little
May 10, 2020: Urban Exclusion of Migrant Workers in India is a Reality and Needs Urgent Robust Policy Measures
May 03, 2020: Uncertainty should ignite creativity, not depravity
April 26, 2020: The fool doth think he is wise but the wise man knows himself to be a fool
April 19, 2020: Social Harmony, not Social Distancing, is the final solution to all our problems
April 12, 2020: It is our choices, that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities
April 05, 2020: Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking
March 29, 2020: “Problems cannot be solved at the same level of awareness that created them”
March 22, 2020: In order to understand the world one has to turn away from it on occasion
March 15, 2020: Pandemics such as COVID-19, though Catastrophic, are in the end Meant to Reset Humanity and its Priorities
March 08, 2020: Those who have wisdom have all: Fools with all have nothing
March 01, 2020: Indifferentism is the worst kind of disease that can affect people.
[VIDEO] Perspectives on Essay Topic of Feb 23
February 23, 2020: To ease another’s heartache is to forget one’s own.
February 16, 2020 : When civil services does its job, people will not need social service
February 09, 2020 : The greatest threat to our planet is the belief that someone else will save it.
February 02, 2020: Ability will get you success, Character will keep you successful.
January 26, 2020: Media’s duty is to inform public, not manufacture opinion.
January 19, 2020: Freedom is not worth having if it does not include the freedom to make mistakes
January 12, 2020 : Women who seek to be equal with men lack ambition
J anuary 5, 2020 : All war is a symptom of man’s failure as a thinking animal
December 29, 2019 : There cannot be daily democracy without daily citizenship
December 22, 2019: War is the ultimate Price we pay for lasting Peace
December 15, 2019 : Inclusivity and Plurality are the hallmarks of a peaceful society
December 08, 2019: Justice Loses Character if it becomes Revenge
December 01. 2019: Economic Growth and Development are Shaped by the Societies in which they Operate
November 24, 2019: Social Media is the Fourth Pillar of Democracy
November 17, 2019: Media is No More a Fourth Pillar of Democracy
November 10, 2019: Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling
November 03, 2019:Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy
October 27, 2019: Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness
October 20, 2019: South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities
October 13, 2019: Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success
October 06, 2019: Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society
September 29, 2019: Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be
September 22, 2019: Wisdom finds truth

WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2019

September 15, 2019: Kashmir Problem – Historical Injustice or Misguided Geopolitics?
September 08, 2019: India’s Space Ambitions – Are they Welfarist?
September 01, 2019: India – $5 Trillion Economy: Dream or Reality?
August 25, 2019 Knowledge will give you power, but character respect.
August 18, 2019 The mind is everything. What you think you become.
August 11, 2019: Virtue is Knowledge
August 04, 2019: Inclusive governance begets Inclusive growth
July 28, 2019: India’s headache: Unemployment or Underemployment?
July 21, 2019: The road to science and spirituality are opposite, but we should tread both
July 14, 2019: India is a leading power, rather than just a balancing power
July 07, 2019: Should the world embrace democratic socialism or progressive capitalism?
June 30, 2019: Impact of Digital Revolution on Human Wellbeing
June 23, 20 19: Contentment is natural wealth, luxury is artificial poverty
June 16, 2019: The definition of happiness is the full use of your powers, along the lines of excellence.
June 09, 2019: Not Corruption, Communalism is the Greatest Threat India is facing Today
May 19, 2019: First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win.
May 12, 2019: Never interrupt your enemy when he is making a mistake
May 05, 2019: Happiness equals reality minus expectations
April 28, 2019: Political correctness is tyranny with manners
April 21, 2019: The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing.
April 07, 2019: Dogma is the sacrifice of wisdom to consistency
March 31, 2019: The true measure of a man is how he treats someone who can do him absolutely no good.
March 24, 2019: Terrorism has No Religion
March 17, 2019: Money and Religion – Great Unifiers of Humankind?
March 10, 2019: Tradition becomes our security, and when the mind is secure it is in decay
March 03, 2019: Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower
February 24,2019: Knowledge speaks, but wisdom listens
February 17, 2019: Problems worthy of attack prove their worth by fighting back
February 10, 2019: Nothing in the world is more dangerous than sincere ignorance and conscientious stupidity.
February 03, 2019: You can avoid reality, but you cannot avoid the consequences of avoiding reality
January 27, 2019: Glory is fleeting, but obscurity is forever
January 20, 2019: All that we are is the result of what we have thought.
January 12, 2019: All differences in this world are of degree, and not of kind, because oneness is the secret of everything.
January 06, 2019: National security is Irreversibly linked to good economic growth

WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2018

December 28, 2018: To plan for smart development, governments and business must recognize nature’s role in supporting economic activity
December 23, 2018: Government Surveillance – Good or Bad?
December 16, 2018: Trade Wars – Economic or Geopolitical?
December 02, 2018: Immigration is Not a Threat, but Fundamentally it’s an Economic Issue
November 25, 2018: A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both
November 18, 2018: “The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values
November 11, 2018: A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge
November 04, 2018: Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task
October 28, 2018: Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India
October 21, 2018: Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere
October 14, 2018: Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it
October 07, 2018: Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life
September 30, 2018: Commercialization of Space : Importance and the need for regulation
September 23, 2018: E-commerce as a new form of trade and its challenges to India.
September 16, 2018: Ability is nothing without opportunity
September 09, 2018: Death Penalty eliminates Criminals, not Crime.
September 02, 2018: Dissent is the foundation of democracy.
August 26, 2018: Mars Mission and Mob lynchings are two obverse faces of India
August 19, 2018: Strengthening Land Rights Strengthens Development
August 12, 2018: Age of Big Data: Data is the New Oil, History is its oldest bank
August 05, 2018: Strong Institutions and fair procedures, not personalities constitute the fundamentals of good governance
July 29, 2018: Social reform is a myth if places of worship are open only to all castes and not to all genders.
July 22, 2018: Section 377, not the carnal acts banned under it is ‘against the order of nature ‘
July 15, 2018: Schooling Is Not Education
July 08, 2018: Sometimes it takes a natural disaster to reveal a social disaster.
July 01, 2018: Normal human activity is worse for nature than the greatest nuclear accident in history
June 24, 2018: Gender Sensitive Indian Society is Prerequisite for Women and Child Empowerment
June 17, 2018: Where Should India Invest More – Human Capital or Human Development?
June 10, 2018: Has Democracy Taken Backseat Due to the Rise of Populists and Demagogues?
June 03, 2018: We won’t have a society ,if we destroy the environment
May 27, 2018: Can Development and Environment Protection Go Together?
May 20, 2018: Governor is the Choke Point of Federal Circuit of India
May 13, 2018: Anonymity is the Best and the Worst Feature of Urbanism
May 06, 2018: A man is but the product of his thoughts; what he thinks, he becomes
April 29, 2018: Guaranteeing Right to Vote may Establish a Democracy, But Ensuring it’s Right Use Only Will Bring a True Democracy
April 22, 2018: Stereotyping is an Ideological Force Which Hinders and Endangers Consolidation of India
April 15, 2018: Can Education and legislation Address Violence Against Women and Children in India?
April 8, 2018: Banking Crisis in India – Failure of Governance and Regulation?
April 1, 2018: Privacy is the fountainhead of all other rights
March 25, 2018: Impact of Technology on Human Relations and Human Productivity
March 18, 2018: India’s Focus should be on Ease of Living, not on Easy of Doing Business
March 11, 2018: A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody
March 04, 2018: Capitalism can not Bring Inclusive Growth
February 25, 2018: The unprecedented advance of technologies facilitate individual empowerment but at the cost of Institutions and Democratic societies
February 18, 2018: Threats being Faced by Liberal Democratic Systems are both Dangerous and Permanent
February 11, 2018: For India, Stigmatised Capitalism is Better than Crony Socialism
February 04, 2018: Art, freedom and creativity will change society faster than politics.
January 28, 2018: Politics of Identity is the Politics of the Weak
January 21, 2018: Poverty is the parent of revolution and crime
January 14, 2018: Peace cannot be kept by force; it can only be achieved by understanding
January 07, 2018: The Root Cause of Agrarian Distress in India – Failure of Policies or Failure of Governance?

WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2017

December 31, 2017: Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India
December 24, 2017: Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth
December 17, 2017: Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
December 10, 2017: Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India
December 03, 2017: Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms
November 19, 2017: Has the Non- Alignment Movement(NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world
November 12, 2017: Social media is inherently a selfish medium.
November 04, 2017: We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws
October 29, 2017: Gratitude is not only the greatest of virtues, but the parent of all the others.
October 22, 2017: Harith Diwali, Swasth Diwali : What measures are needed to deal with Festivity and Air Pollution?
October 15, 2017: Biggest Threat to Humanity – Moral Crisis or Climate Change?
October 08, 2017: The monsoon is a defining aspect of India’s nationhood
October 01, 2017: India’s Infrastructure Story – Why is India not able to Build like China?
September 24, 2017: Impact of Digital Technologies on Globalisation
September 17, 2017: Urbanisation and Solid Waste Management in India – Challenges and Opportunities
September 10,2017: Gender Equality and Peace: Are They Connected?
September 03, 2017: Recent Natural Disasters – What do they Reveal about Humanity?
August 27, 2017: Godmen – A Threat to Indian Society and Culture
August 20, 2017: Corruption in India: Neither Systemic Reforms nor Surgical Strikes would End it
August 13,2017: Interrelationship between Gender Equality and Sustainable Development
August 06, 2017: Utility and relevance of Parliament in our polity
July 30, 2017: Caste System – Source of India’s Eternal Inequality?
July 23, 2017: Indian Democracy, Media and Public Opinion – Does Public Opinion Matter in Policymaking?
July 16, 2017: Poverty and Environment – Their Interrelationship is the Key to Sustainable World
July 09, 2017: Soft Power is India’s Strength, not its Weakness
July 02, 2017: Technology and Jobs – Is Technology a Curse?
June 25, 2017: Democracy’s Relevance in the Face of New Global Threats
June 18, 2017: Federalism in India – Competitive or Cooperative?
June 11, 2017: Peace, Environment and Development: Are these Interrelated?
June 04, 2017: Role of Technology in Development – Is Technology Helping or Hindering Development?
May 28, 2017: Poverty is a State of Mind
May 21, 2017: Does India Need Superpower Status?
May 14, 2017: India’s Achilles Heel – Lack of Ambition or Lack of Leadership in Achieving Greatness?
May 07, 2017: Don’t limit a child to your own learning, for he was born in another time.
April 29, 2017: The greatest happiness of the greatest number is the foundation of morals and legislation
April 23, 2017: To conquer fear is the beginning of wisdom
April 16, 2017: One-Party-Dominant System – Is it Good for India?
April 09, 2017: Should Youth in India Consider Politics as Career?
April 02, 2017: Can World Save Succeeding Generations from the Scourge of War?
March 26, 2017: Low, stagnating female labour-force participation in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms?
March 19, 2017: When a man is denied the right to live the life he believes in, he has no choice but to become an outlaw
March 12, 2017: The marks humans leave are too often scars
March 05, 2017: Environmental Challenges and Geopolitics: How to save our Environment?
February 27, 2017: Radical Solutions are Needed to Address Today’s Radical Problems
February 19, 2017: India’s Importance in the Post-truth World
February 12, 2017: The Role of Politics in Development
February 05, 2017: Facts do not cease to exist because they are ignored
January 29, 2017: Building Walls and Banning Refugees – Does this Help Humanity?
January 22, 2017: Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality
January 15, 2017: Cyberspace and internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run
January 08, 2017: Water disputes between states in federal India
January 01, 2017: Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed

WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2016

(December 25, 2016) – Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality
(December 18, 2016) – Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare
(December 11, 2016) – Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms
(December 04, 2016) – If development is not engendered, it is endangered
(November 27, 2016) – Social media is better at breaking things than at making things
(November 20, 2016) – Deglobalization is good for the world
(November 12, 2016) – Democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others
(November 06, 2016) – It is not inequality which is the real misfortune, it is dependence
(October 30, 2016) – Reducing Poverty while also Conserving Nature is an Impossible Task
(October 23, 2016) – Poverty can be eliminated by putting science at the heart of development
(October 16, 2016) – People shouldn’t be afraid of their government. Governments should be afraid of their people
(October 09, 2016) – Better Access is Key to Inclusive Cities
(October 02, 2016) – The weaker sections of Indian society – Are their Rights and Access to Justice Getting Better?
(September 25, 2016) – Imagination is more important than intelligence
(September 18, 2016) – Science is organized knowledge. Wisdom is organized life
(September 11, 2016) – Not what we have But what we enjoy, constitutes our abundance
(September 04, 2016) – It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it
(August 28, 2016) – If one can Address Moral Crisis, many of World’s Problems can be Solved
(August 21, 2016) – Overdependence on Technology will Advance Human Development
(August 14, 2016) – Geography may remain the same ; history need not
(August 07, 2016) – Knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom
(July 31, 2016) – To live is the rarest thing in the world. Most people exist, that is all
(July 24, 2016) – True knowledge exists in knowing that you know nothing
(July 17, 2016) – We Can Not Fight Terrorism – We have to Live With it
(July 10, 2016) – A house divided against itself cannot stand
(July 02, 2016) – When the going gets tough, the tough get going
(June 26, 2016) – India a Reluctant Participant in the New Global Order?
(June 19, 2016) – Inclusiveness in India – Still a Dream?
(June 12, 2016) – No one can make you feel inferior without your consent
(June 05, 2016) – Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted
(May 29, 2016) – It is hard to free fools from the chains they revere
(May 22, 2016) – Honest disagreement is often a good sign of progress
(May 15, 2016) – Fire is a good servant but a bad master
(May 08, 2016) – The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence
(May 01, 2016) – Labour Reforms in India and its Role in Economic Development
(April 24, 2016) – It takes a whole village to raise a child
(April 17, 2016) – Trust take years to Build, Seconds to Break
(April 10, 2016) – Cleanliness is next to Godliness
(April 03, 2016) – Honesty is the Best Policy
(March 27, 2016) – Before criticizing a man, walk a mile in his shoes
(March 20, 2016) – Caste System – India’s Enduring Curse
(March 13, 2016) – Fortune favors the bold
(March 06, 2016) – Quick but steady wins the race
(February 28, 2016) – Dreams which should not let India sleep
(February 21, 2016) – Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole
(February 14, 2016) – Technology cannot replace manpower
(February 7, 2016) – Character of an institution is reflected in its leader
(January 31, 2016) – Can Capitalism bring Inclusive Growth?
(January 24, 2016) – Crisis Faced in India – Moral or Economic?
(January 17, 2016) – Too many cooks spoil the broth
(January 10, 2016) – The Best Things in Life are Free
(January 3, 2016) – Don’t count your chickens before they hatch.

WEEKLY ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGES – 2015

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24 Nov 2023: UPSC Exam Comprehensive News Analysis

24 November 2023 CNA Download PDF Here

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. GS 1 Related

Nothing here for today!!!

B. GS 2 Related

C. GS 3 Related

Category: ENVIRONMENT

1. COP 28: India’s equity demand

Syllabus: Conservation, Environmental pollution and degradation, Environmental impact assessment.

Mains: Climate Change and Sustainable Development and International Climate Agreements

Prelims: Global carbon budget and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR-RC).

The article delves into the relationship between global warming and cumulative carbon emissions, emphasising India’s imperative to secure a fair share of the depleting global carbon budget at COP 28 .

Introduction

The impending COP 28 presents a critical juncture for India to assert its stance on climate change, demanding a fair share of the global carbon budget and substantive commitments from developed nations.
The existing linear relationship between global warming and cumulative carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions underscores the urgency for equitable distribution of responsibilities.

Global Carbon Budget and IPCC AR6

The global carbon budget refers to the maximum cumulative anthropogenic CO2 emissions, essential for limiting global warming. However, almost four-fifths of the budget is depleted, posing a significant challenge.
The IPCC AR6 indicates the urgency to meet the Paris Agreement targets, requiring developed countries to achieve net-zero emissions earlier than currently pledged.

Responsibilities and Historical Emissions

The Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) principle, enshrined in the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement, recognizes the varying responsibilities of states in addressing climate change.
Developed countries have disproportionately contributed to historical cumulative emissions, placing a heavier burden on their shoulders.

India’s Per Capita Emissions and Carbon Budget

Despite having nearly 24% of the world’s population, South Asia, including India, contributes only around 4% to historical cumulative emissions.
India’s per capita CO2 emissions from fossil fuel and industry are significantly lower than North America and the global average, underscoring its relatively modest contribution to historical emissions.
India is urged to recognize a ‘fair share of the carbon budget’ as a strategic national resource depleting rapidly.
Failing to assert this share may lead to India being disadvantaged by developed countries’ strategies, akin to new colonial techniques.

Global Energy Scenario and COP 26

The global transition to renewable energy remains a challenge, with a substantial reliance on non-renewable sources, particularly oil, coal, and gas.
Developed countries’ attempts to mandate rapid changes, exemplified by the COP 26 focus on phasing down coal, face feasibility issues, as demonstrated by the reopening of coal plants post- Russia-Ukraine war .

India’s Developmental Initiatives and Poverty Eradication

India’s initiatives, such as the International Solar Alliance , Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure, and the Global Biofuel Alliance, showcase a commitment to sustainable solutions.
The successful poverty alleviation efforts and extension of food security welfare measures underscore the developmental challenges faced by India after the COVID-19 pandemic.

India’s Stance at COP 28

India must assert its right to a fair share of the global carbon budget and demand equivalent reparations, highlighting the urgent need for fairness within the global climate order.
Developmental priorities should not be sacrificed, and developed nations should fulfil their promises of climate-specific new and additional finance, recognizing the $51 trillion carbon debt.

Nut Graf: As global emissions deplete the carbon budget, India faces a pivotal moment at COP 28, where it must assert its fair share to combat climate change, demanding equity and development.

D. GS 4 Related

E. Editorials

Category: ECONOMICS

1. $5 trillion economy, but for whom?

Syllabus: GS-3, Inclusive Growth and issues arising from it

Mains: Issues of divergence between economic growth and inequality

Introduction: The Promise of a $5 Trillion Economy

Prime Minister Narendra Modi announces an extension of the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana , providing free foodgrains to beneficiaries.
India is also expected to achieve a $5 trillion economy by 2028, making India the third-largest economy globally.

Japan’s Growth Story: Lessons and Challenges

Japan, once the world’s second-largest economy, faced challenges after the 2008 financial crisis.
Economic diplomacy: Japan embraced China’s rise, fostering economic ties despite losing its ranking.
The dark side: High suicide rates, social withdrawal, and loneliness amid economic growth reveal the human cost.

The Indian Scenario: Who Bears the Burden?

Capital disparity: In 2021, 1% of the population owned 41% of the nation’s wealth, while the bottom 50% owned only 3%.
Funding the dream: The low-resource citizens contribute significantly to the $5 trillion economy, with 64% of GST coming from the bottom 50%.
Labour challenges: Dubious educational and skill attainment, along with limited digital literacy, hinder the contribution of labour to economic growth.

Government’s Strategies and Sectors for Growth:

Minister of State for Finance, Pankaj Chaudhri outlines key sectors for growth, including the digital economy, fintech, energy transition, and climate change.
Inclusive growth mantra: Emphasis on tools such as GST, Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, decreased corporate tax, Make in India, Start-Up India, and Production Linked Incentives .
However, accessibility issues remain a concern as many marginalized citizens lack the means to participate in cutting-edge sectors like AI, data science, robotics, and fintech.

Challenges to government $5 Trillion Guarantee:

Per capita income: India ranks 149th globally with a per capita income of $2,400 in 2022, raising questions about the well-being of its population.
Inequality index: India’s index value of 21.9 suggests a less egalitarian society compared to China and Japan.
Unknown projections: Lack of official estimates on India’s per capita income at $5 trillion raises concerns about the distribution of economic gains.

Conclusion: The Divide Amid Economic Growth

India may be on track to achieve the $5 trillion goal, but concerns linger about the deepening divide between different segments of the population.
As the government prioritizes economic milestones, a substantial segment of the population continues to be marginalized, witnessing the missed opportunities for their inclusion in the new economic landscape.

Nut Graf: India’s pursuit of a $5 trillion economy by 2028 raises concerns about equitable growth. Amidst government emphasis on economic milestones, stark disparities persist, with capital concentration, labour challenges, and accessibility issues for marginalized citizens. The evolving narrative reflects a nation grappling with the tension between economic advancement and social inclusivity.

F. Prelims Facts

1. Governor holds no veto power over Bills, says SC

Syllabus: GS 2- Polity

Prelims: About Governor’s powers

While examining the constitutional authority of the Governor in withholding assent to a bill, the Supreme Court has issued a crucial verdict outlining a governor’s obligations when withholding assent to a Bill.
Chief Justice Chandrachud highlighted that keeping a Bill duly passed for indeterminate periods contradicts constitutional principles, emphasising the importance of prompt action.

Governor’s Obligation

The Supreme Court ruled that when a governor withholds assent to a Bill, it’s mandatory to promptly send it back to the State legislature.
This action must be accompanied by a message necessitating the legislature to reconsider the Bill.

Legislature’s Authority

The court emphasised that the ultimate decision on accepting the Governor’s advice belongs exclusively to the legislature.
The Governor’s message does not bind the legislature, as indicated by the expression “if the Bill is passed again…with or without amendments.”

Constitutional Democracy Principles

The court warned against the risk of a Governor virtually vetoing a duly elected legislature’s functioning by withholding assent without further recourse.
Such a scenario contradicts the fundamental principles of constitutional democracy.

Expedition Requirement

The court stressed that the Bill should be sent back to the Legislature “as soon as possible” with the mandatory message.
The expression “as soon as possible” was deemed a “constitutional imperative of expedition,” and failure to act promptly was deemed inconsistent with constitutional language.

1. MGNREGS audit crosses 50% local bodies in just six States

Among the 34 States and Union Territories in India, only six have completed social audits of works done under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme ( MGNREGS ) in more than 50% of gram panchayats.
Kerala is the only state to cover 100% of gram panchayats.
Social audits are an anti-corruption measure under MGNREGA, mandated by Section 17 of the act.
Social audit units in each state work independently of implementing authorities, and auditing standards by the Comptroller and Auditor General were issued on December 19, 2016.
The audit involves quality checks of infrastructure created under MGNREGA and checking for financial misappropriation in wages and procedural deviations.
Other states crossing the 50% mark are Bihar (64.4%), Gujarat (58.8%), Jammu and Kashmir (64.1%), Odisha (60.42%), and Uttar Pradesh (54.97%).
Only three states have covered 40% or more villages: Telangana (40.5%), Himachal Pradesh (45.32%), and Andhra Pradesh (49.7%).
Among poll-bound states, social audit completion rates are low: Madhya Pradesh (1.73%), Mizoram (17.5%), Chhattisgarh (25.06%), and Rajasthan (34.74%).
States complain of delayed funds for social audit units, leading to delays in audits and recurrent complaints of delayed salaries for village-level auditors.
Kerala conducts periodic Social Audit Public Hearings at the panchayat level for close public scrutiny.

2. Political rivals come together to hold Kambala

Keeping all the rivalries aside, leaders of different political parties in Karnataka are collaborating to organise the traditional Kambala buffalo race in Bengaluru on November 25 and 26, 2023.
The Kambala race takes place in paddy fields filled with slush and mud mainly in the coastal Karnataka regions from November to March.
Traditionally, local Tulu landlords and households in coastal districts have been the sponsors.
During the race participants strive to control buffaloes by tightly holding their reins and using whips.
Originally, Kambala was a non-competitive spectacle where buffalo pairs raced one after another in paddy fields.
This was also celebrated as a form of thanksgiving to gods for safeguarding the animals from diseases.
In 2014, the Supreme Court of India banned Kambala along with Jallikettu and bullock cart races under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PCA) Act of 1960, affirming animals’ fundamental right to be treated with compassion and dignity, free from unnecessary pain and suffering.
The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Karnataka Amendment) Ordinance of 2017 permitted the organisation of Kambala events, provided measures are taken to prevent cruelty to the participating bulls.

H. UPSC Prelims Practice Questions

The Bhakti movement emerged in medieval India, emphasising devotion and personal connection with the divine.
Bhakti poets used vernacular languages like Hindi, Marathi, and Bengali to communicate with the masses.
The Bhakti movement primarily focused on rituals and elaborate ceremonies.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

All three

Explanation: The Bhakti movement emphasised devotion and connection with the divine, and used vernacular languages to connect with the masses. It did not primarily focus on rituals and elaborate ceremonies.

The substantive part of Article 200 empowers the Governor to withhold assent.
If the State Legislature reiterates the bill, the Governor has to mandatorily give assent.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation: Both statements are correct.

MGNREGS aims to provide a minimum of one hundred days of wage employment in a financial year.
It is open to all rural households seeking manual and unskilled work.
Priority is given to work where at least one-third of wage seekers are women.

How many of the statements given above are incorrect?

Explanation: All three statements are correct. MGNREGS provides 100 days of wage employment, is open to all rural households, and prioritises work for women.

The scheme was first introduced in 2020 during the Covid-19 pandemic.
It provides 10 kg of food grains free every month to beneficiaries of the National Food Security Act.

Explanation: PMGKAY provides 5 kg of free food grains monthly, and it was introduced in 2020 for eligible NFSA ration card holders.

It is the annual buffalo race held in Karnataka.
The race is conducted on a slushy/marshy paddy field track.
Kambala serves as a thanksgiving to gods for protecting animals from diseases.

How many of the options given above are correct?

Explanation: All three statements are correct.

I. UPSC Mains Practice Questions

Discuss the challenges associated with India’s ambitious target of achieving a $5 trillion GDP. (150 words, 10 marks) [GS- III: Economy]
Discuss the challenges and opportunities India may encounter in fostering international cooperation and achieving its climate-related goals. (150 words, 10 marks) [GS- III: Environment]

Read previous CNA articles here .

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COMMENTS

India to be a $5 trillion economy
The answer would depend essentially on the assumption about economic growth. If India grows at 12% nominal growth (that is 8% real GDP growth and 4% inflation), then from the 2018 level of $2.7 trillion, India would reach the 5.33 trillion mark in 2024. India must keep growing at a rapid pace to attain this target.
India's Target of $5 Trillion Economy
2970. India aims to achieve the target of a $5 trillion economy by 2025 & $10 trillion by 2033-34. We are now $3.3 trillion as per the data. There are mixed opinions about India's economic potential for target achievement. A study conducted by the National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) shows that the targets are easily ...
$ 5 Trillion Economy
Economy. Published. 1st Aug, 2019. Prime Minister had announced the target of a $5 trillion economy for India by 2024. This will make India the third-largest economy in the world. The focus of plans will be on boosting services sector contribution to $ 3 trillion, manufacturing to $ 1 trillion and Agriculture to $ 1 trillion.
A $5 trillion economy, but for whom?
Central idea. The article critically examines India's ambitious pursuit of a $5 trillion GDP by 2028, juxtaposing it with Japan's economic trajectory. It highlights concerns about wealth disparity, inclusivity in high-tech sectors, and questions the impact on marginalized citizens.
A $5 Trillion Indian Economy
The pillars of India's economic growth—capital, productivity, and labor—reveal a stark reality, with data indicating that achieving a $5 trillion economy is an ambitious aspiration for over four-fifths of the population. Examining capital distribution unveils a considerable imbalance: as of 2021, 1% of the population owned around 41% of ...
A $5 trillion economy, but for whom?
Paradoxically, low-resource citizens fund the $5 trillion economy, emphasizing economic inclusivity challenges amid ambitious growth targets. Inclusive Growth and Per Capita Income Concerns: As India targets $5 trillion GDP, the focus on wealth distribution and per capita income becomes crucial. Japan and China exhibit higher equality values ...
Economic Survey 2018-19 Virtuous Cycle Help Indian Economy to Become a
According to Economic survey 2018-19, India's high growth requirements of 8 % real GDP growth rate to become a USD 5 trillion economy by 2024-25 can only be sustained by a "virtuous cycle" of savings, investment and exports catalysed and supported by a favourable demographic phase as is evident from the growth model of China and east ...
A $5 trillion economy, but who will benefit?
Achieving a $5 trillion economy is an ambitious goal that demands careful consideration of its potential beneficiaries. [penci_date format='l, F j Y'] - Have a nice day! Login; ... Solved Papers (10) UPSC Geography Optional Mains Solved Paper 2022 (55) UPSC Geography Optional Mains Solved Paper 2023 (45) UPSC Interview (26)
India's economic growth and inequality- A $5 trillion economy, but for
UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper3- Indian Economy-Issues relating to planning, growth, development and employment; Inclusive growth and issues arising from it. ... Aim for a $5 Trillion Economy: India's goal is to become the world's third-largest economy by 2028 with a GDP target of $5 trillion.
How India can become a $5 trillion economy by 2029?
5 trillion-dollar Economy Relevance For UPSC Exam. The applicants have up to this point read a significant number of papers discussing how to grow India's economy to a 5 trillion dollar one. For the UPSC mains, it is a crucial subject, hence candidates should thoroughly prepare for it.
The Hollowness Of A $5-Trillion Economy for UPSC exam
Context: In trying to achieve the goal of a $5-trillion economy, the government should ensure that the growth is inclusive.. Challenges in becoming a $5-trillion economy. Target in itself is big: Not easy to reach $5 trillion by 2024-25 with present Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is only close to $2 trillion. Growth of the Gross National Product (GNP) is not development: At best, the GNP ...
How can India be a 5 trillion-dollar Economy
GS 3: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development, and employment. The aspirants have, till now, read a lot of articles that talk about making India a 5 trillion-dollar economy. It is an important topic for UPSC mains and the aspirants need to prepare this topic comprehensively.
Main Answer Writing Practice
Q. India's aspiration to become a $5 trillion economy depends critically on strengthening the invisible hand of markets together with the hand of trust that can support markets. What do you understand by the 'invisible hand'? How can it be strengthened in Indian economy? (250 words) 26 Feb, 2020 GS Paper 3 Economy
PDF journey towards a $5 trillion economy
INDIA MOIN ORWARD JOURNEY TOWARDS A $5 TRILLION ECONOMY Economic Development Source: World Bank, Government of India, News Articles 2019 2.9 4.5 2020 3.2 2021 3.5 2022 3.8 2023 2024 5.2 India's Ambition All figure in USD Trillion Dollar T oday the Indian economy stands on the cusp of radical change: A transformation that could lead to ...
In trying to achieve the goal of a $5-trillion economy, the government
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment. 4. In trying to achieve the goal of a $5-trillion economy, the government should ensure that the growth is inclusive. Discuss the challenges (250 words) Reference: Tribune India Why the question: The article explains how in trying to achieve the … Continue reading "In trying ...
UPSC Essay Topics
Once the fundamentals are grasped, you can enhance their essays by incorporating examples, data, and statistics to create a multidimensional perspective. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Economy: We don't have to sacrifice a Strong Economy for a Healthy Environment. India, a $5 trillion Economy - Dream or Reality?
A $5 trillion economy, but for whom?
India's economic growth pivots on capital, productivity and labour, and data show that for over four-fifth of Indians, the $5 trillion economy is a bridge too far. Consider capital: in 2021, 1% ...
The road to India's $5 trillion economy
For India to realise its vision of a $5 trillion economy by 2025, $4.5 trillion must be invested in national infrastructure by 2030. Timely and efficient implementation of this investment is ...
WEEKLY UPSC IAS ESSAY WRITING CHALLENGE
UPSC IAS Essay writing practice for Mains essay paper is crucial in getting good marks in essay paper. ... 2019: India - $5 Trillion Economy: Dream or Reality? August 25, 2019 Knowledge will give you power, but character respect. August 18, 2019 The mind is everything. ... December 31, 2017: Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties ...
24 Nov 2023: UPSC Exam Comprehensive News Analysis
Introduction: The Promise of a $5 Trillion Economy Prime Minister Narendra Modi announces an extension of the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana , providing free foodgrains to beneficiaries. India is also expected to achieve a $5 trillion economy by 2028, making India the third-largest economy globally.
To achieve the goal of $5 trillion economy, it is imperative to put
Hence, if we want to become a 5 trillion economy by 2025, then there is a urgent need to ramp up private Investments. Steps taken by the government: National agriculture investment fund under MoAFW to create more Infrastructure assets.

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A $5 trillion economy, but who will benefit? – UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis – 24th November 2023

Unveiling Inequities: A Multifaceted Look at Socio-economic Disparities in India

Caste Struggles

Faith-Based Inequalities

Ethnic Divides

Economic Disparities

Unraveling the Ripple Effects: Ramifications of Social Inequities in India

Building Equality: Strategic Measures to Tackle Socio-Economic Disparities in India

Civil Society Empowerment

Women’s Empowerment

Inclusion of Religious Minorities

Progressive Taxation

Economic Policy Reforms

Employment Generation

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

2. FAQ: Who stands to benefit from the attainment of a $5 trillion economy?

3. FAQ: How can policymakers ensure that the benefits of a $5 trillion economy are evenly distributed?

4. FAQ: What are the potential challenges in achieving an inclusive $5 trillion economy?

5. FAQ: How can individuals contribute to ensuring the benefits of a $5 trillion economy reach everyone?

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