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Doctorate of Clinical Laboratory Sciences

The Doctorate of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (DCLS) is an advanced professional doctorate designed for practicing clinical laboratory scientists who wish to further their level of clinical expertise and to develop leadership and management skills. The purpose of the program is the development of clinical laboratory sciences graduates who function as practitioners, community leaders, educators, and scholars in the profession of clinical laboratory science and the discipline of clinical laboratory science. Graduates of the program will generate, disseminate, and apply knowledge to enhance the understanding of laboratory assessment of health and disease.

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• The Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science (DCLS) program at the University of Texas Medical Branch was the first to be granted Initial Accreditation.
• DCLS is the second program to be established in the United States.
• There are 35 students currently enrolled in the DCLS program.
• The first UTMB DCLS class graduated in August 2019.

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2024-25 Academic Catalog

Doctor of clinical laboratory sciences.

The Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science (DCLS) is the terminal practice degree for the Clinical Laboratory Science profession. This degree provides an opportunity for advanced practice in multiple venues including clinical institutions, reference laboratories, physician practices, industry, public health agencies, government facilities, and academic institutions. Clinical Laboratory Science professionals holding the DCLS will provide a critical interface between practice, research, and health care policy. They will assure the effective and appropriate utilization of laboratory tests and information by eliminating unnecessary tests and ordering tests that should have been ordered but were not. This will result in decreased costs, earlier diagnosis, and improved patient outcomes.

The three-year, full-time program consists of a minimum of 76 credit hours divided between advanced theory courses (core curriculum), research, and a one-year clinical residency. Course delivery may include face-to-face, online, and hybrid formats.  The core curriculum may be completed as a distance learning program and on a full-time or part-time basis.   However, the residency component requires full-time attendance at a clinical affiliate. 

The core curriculum is designed to advance the foundational knowledge of the bachelor's-level medical laboratory scientist in the areas of hematology, clinical chemistry, clinical microbiology, immunohematology, clinical immunology, and molecular diagnostics. The core curriculum also includes clinical correlations, evidence-based medicine, and interprofessional practice.  Information gained from this course work is integrated with knowledge from other disciplines in health care such as health policy and management, pharmacology, health care education, public health and epidemiology, and advanced pathophysiology.

Research is a component of this program and students will be expected to complete research projects over the course of the program culminating in a capstone project suitable for publication.  Research projects will advance practice in clinical laboratory medicine, such as the development and implementation of diagnostic and interpretive algorithms, clinical practice guidelines, and collaborative interprofessional patient care.  

The one-year clinical residency will provide immersion in the workings of the health care system by integrating the resident into patient care alongside physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and other health care professionals in clinical practice environments at program affiliates. During the residency, the students will work with management, laboratory staff, physicians, nurses, and other members of the healthcare team to provide guidance in laboratory utilization and interpretation thereby optimizing patient outcomes. The residency focuses on laboratory test selection and result interpretation. In addition to the direct learning by the resident, he or she can educate the patient and the other members of the health care team on the proper utilization of lab tests, correct specimen requirements, and interfering factors affecting results. 

Graduates of this program will be prepared to act as consultants to health care providers, serve as laboratory directors, educate patients and health care providers, perform and disseminate research on evidence-based practice and test utilization, and enter academic positions.

The DCLS curriculum addresses the competencies established for the profession by the American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science Oversight Committee and NAACLS accreditation guidelines for the DCLS. 

Admission to the doctorate in clinical laboratory science program is a competitive application process. Applications are submitted online.  Applications and supporting materials are reviewed, and qualified applicants are invited for a personal interview. Detailed instructions on how to apply are posted on the doctorate in clinical laboratory science program website. Students are admitted for the fall semester only. Applications for the fall semester must be received by March 1 for first consideration.

In order to be considered for admission into this program, the following are required:

Completed prerequisite course work

• Bachelor's degree in a life science (e.g., biochemistry, biology, cell biology, clinical laboratory science, microbiology, molecular biosciences etc.) must be completed prior to enrollment in the program. 
• A NAACLS-accredited MLS/MT program must be completed (or equivalent).  Applicants holding MLS(ASCP) certification through Route 2 are eligible to apply if having completed a NAACLS-accredited or military MLT program.

Grade point average

• Cumulative undergraduate grade point average of 3.00 on a 4.00 scale is required. 
• For applicants who transferred credits into their Bachelor’s degree, the Office of Graduate Studies will take those credits into consideration for the cumulative Bachelor’s GPA.
• Applicants with a GPA below 3.00 may be considered for admission on a case-by-case basis.

Required credentials

• Professional certification as a generalist from the American Society of Clinical Pathology Board of Certification is required: MLS(ASCP)CM or MLS(ASCPi)CM.  MLS(ASCP) is accepted with proof of continuing education.

Professional work experience

• A minimum two years of post-certification, full-time experience in a U.S. clinical laboratory as a medical laboratory scientist (or comparable role) is required at the time of application. Preference will be given to those with experience as a generalist or who have worked in multiple areas of the clinical laboratory. Applicants with less than two-years of full-time experience may be considered for admission on a case-by-case basis.
• The department will evaluate work experience and determine if the work experience criteria are met for each applicant.

Health and physical requirements

• Good physical and mental health are essential. Physical or other disabilities are evaluated on a case-by-case basis by the program and by the Office of Equal Opportunity and Academic Compliance. Please review  the program's technical standards  for details.
• Physical examinations are required prior to the time of registration for classes at KU Medical Center.
• All students are required to carry health insurance. KU Medical Center offers a health insurance policy for eligible students. Selected for the Kansas Board of Regents institutions by the State of Kansas, this plan is offered through Student Health Services at KU Medical Center and is underwritten by UnitedHealthCare Student Resources. For information about the policy, please visit  www.uhcsr.com/kumc . Students exclusively taking courses online are not eligible to enroll in the Basic Student Plan through UnitedHealthCare.

Background check/drug screening

• The Joint Commission requires all incoming students to pay for a background check and provide the report to the university. This one-time fee must be paid directly to the company performing the background investigation. This requirement only applies to students officially admitted into the program. A drug screen may also be required by each clinical residency site the student utilizes during the program. More:  School of Health Professions background check and drug screening.

English language proficiency All applicants, regardless of citizenship or residency status, are required to have command of the English language. Proof of English language proficiency may be required through the TOEFL or IELTS testing systems, a personal interview, the personal goals statement or other methods.

• Internet-based TOEFL minimum requirements: at least 23 or higher on the reading and listening sections; a score of 5.0 or 23 or higher on the writing section; a score of 26 or higher on the speaking section.
• IELTS minimum requirements: overall band score of 7.5 and no part score lower than 7.0.

International Students An applicant is considered an international student if he or she requires a visa, or currently resides in the U.S. with non-immigrant status, or currently resides in the U.S. while applying for permanent residency. Additional requirements and documentation are required for international students to become eligible for KU programs. Please review the  information for international students  before applying.

Applicants will be assessed based on these requirements.   After an applicant has been admitted, a program may defer an applicant's admission for one year after which time the applicant must submit a new application.  Admission requirements are subject to change. In most cases, use the catalog of the year student entered the program. Other years’ catalogs ».

DCLS Core Course Descriptions

Seminar course that addresses topics and issues relevant to DCLS clinical practice, including ethical and social issues in healthcare practice, health informatics, and communication techniques needed for interaction with healthcare colleagues and patients. Repeatable. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

This course will address various aspects of teaching in healthcare settings. This includes educating patients and their families, educating other healthcare professionals, and the more formal area of undergraduate and graduate education. Education theory, pedagogical methods, educational resources, learning objectives, and evaluation techniques applicable to each type of educational situation will be addressed. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

This course focuses on the enhancement of scientific and technical knowledge in nucleic acid-based testing for the diagnosis of acquired and hereditary genetic disorders, and infectious diseases. Topics include an in-depth review of the theory of molecular techniques and the application of these techniques in inherited disorders, oncology, infectious disease, pharmacogenetics, histocompatibility, identity determination, and genomics. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

A discussion of research methods used in clinical laboratory sciences, with an emphasis on selecting and applying appropriate research designs. Includes an overview of the research methods and various approaches in current use in clinical laboratory science; focused on research question formulation; internal and external validity of research; variable measurement and reliability, and generalizability of findings. Specific approaches covered include non-experimental, experimental and quasi-experimental designs, epidemiologic methods (e.g., cohort and case-control studies), survey research, and qualitative research. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) encompasses Evidence-Based Medicine and Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine. EBP is a problem-based approach to decision making using research evidence combined with clinical expertise, the patient's values, circumstances, and the clinical context. This course addresses the historical development of EBP, why using EBP in clinical decision making improves patient care, when and how to implement and use EBP in clinical decision making, and how to discuss the EBP finding with patients, family members, and other healthcare practitioners. Evaluating research studies for their applicability to EBP and designing research studies based on clinical evidence focused on laboratory testing will make up most of the course content, activities, and assignments. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

This course focuses on in depth physiology and pathophysiology together with the principles of current and emerging chemistry tests. Emphasis on the correlation between chemistry tests and disease states, interpretation and limitations of chemistry test results. Current clinical chemistry literature, clinical scenarios, case studies, and advanced laboratory practice issues will be used to enhance knowledge and skills. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

This course focuses on enhancement of scientific and technical knowledge in hematology and hemostasis to consult with other healthcare practitioners on the selection of screening and diagnostic tests for hematological disorders, interpretation of results, and recommendations for follow-up testing. Topics to be investigated include physiology and regulation of the hematopoietic system and hemostasis, and the genetic, molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of selected hematological disorders such as anemias, leukemias, lymphomas, and disorders of hemostasis with additional focus on utilization of appropriate hematology, hemostasis, and molecular diagnostic tests, and reducing turn-around time. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

This course focuses on enhancement of scientific and technical knowledge in clinical immunology and transplantation in order to consult with other healthcare practitioners on clinical applications and diagnostic and therapeutic testing of immune-mediated diseases. Topics include autoimmunity, hypersensitivity, immunotherapy and immunotoxicology, transplantation and HLA testing/compatibility, cancer immunology and immunodeficiency. This course also includes test methodologies in cellular, humoral, and molecular immunology, selection and interpretation of test results, and recommendations for follow-up testing for patient monitoring. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

Course Description: This course focuses on enhancement of scientific and technical knowledge in clinical microbiology necessary for consultation with other healthcare practitioners for (i) the selection of screening and diagnostic tests for suspected infectious diseases, (ii) interpretation of results, and (iii) recommendations for follow-up testing. Topics to be investigated include utilizing molecular diagnostic tests, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and resistance mechanisms, bioterrorism, biofilms, opportunistic and emerging infections, utilization of appropriate microbiology tests, evidence based practice in clinical microbiology, and reducing turn-around time. Current scientific literature, clinical scenarios, case studies, and advanced laboratory practice issues will be used to enhance knowledge and skills. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

This course will explore advanced blood banking theory and transfusion medicine concepts pertaining to basic-to-advanced serological testing techniques, blood product utilization, molecular immunohematology testing methods, quality assurance, and other relevant topics. Learners will be re-introduced to specialized blood banking procedures including (but not limited to) the following: ABO/Rh, antibody screens, antibody identification, fetal screen, elutions, phenotyping, and crossmatching. Using case studies and discussion, learners will correlate laboratory data to clinical disease processes encountered in transfusion medicine. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

Course Description: This course will correlate clinical presentation and laboratory testing as it relates to physiological changes associated with select diseases of major organ systems (e.g., endocrine, muscle, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, immune, nervous, and reproductive). Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program or instructor permission.

This course will complement DCLS 851 Clinical Correlations I and will correlate clinical laboratory testing as it relates to physiological changes associated with patient symptomology (e.g., chest pain, shortness of breath, unresponsiveness, fever of unknown origin, jaundice) and treatment in a consultation model. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program or instructor permission.

An introductory course to core competencies in interprofessional education and practice for healthcare teams including roles and responsibilities, values and ethics, teamwork, communication, and collaborative practice as it relates to the improvement of patient safety outcomes and the provision of quality patient care. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

This course will explore laboratory quality, utilization, accreditation, regulation, and management topics. Core course content explores the selection, implementation, strengths, and weaknesses of appropriate quality assurance programs to maintain desired quality goals. All aspects of laboratory services will be explored to enhance consultative skills that will be applied in the clinical residency. The use of practice guidelines, critical or clinical pathways, algorithms and reflex testing, direct access testing, evidenced-based practice, and outcomes measurements, as well as initiatives to change the practice of laboratory services in all phases (pre-analytical, analytical, and post analytical) are covered. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program, or consent of instructor.

Faculty-guided, student-directed individualized study for students enrolled in the DCLS program who need additional enrollment associated with their plan of study. The specific course requirements are to be described in the Independent Study proposal form to be completed by the student and approved by the faculty mentor and DCLS Program Director prior to enrollment. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Admission into the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science program.

The Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science (DCLS) program at the University of Kansas is designed to prepare certified medical laboratory scientists for advanced practice in multiple venues including clinical institutions, reference laboratories, physician practices, industry, public health agencies, government facilities, and academic institutions. Course work is divided between advanced theory courses ("Core Curriculum"), research, and clinical residency. The DCLS curriculum addresses the competencies established for the profession by the American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science Oversight Committee and NAACLS accreditation guidelines for the DCLS.

Degree Requirements:

• On a full-time basis, degree requirements are normally completed within 3 years of admission to the program, although a maximum of 8 years is allowed. The core curriculum can be complete on a part-time basis, but the DCLS Research and Clinical Residency components require one year of full-time enrollment.
• Cumulative grade-point average (GPA) of at least a 3.0 for all KU graduate coursework.
• Successful completion of a minimum of 76 credit hours.
• Successful completion of DCLS 815 (Research Methods in Clinical Laboratory Sciences) and DCLS 820 (Evidence Based Practice) meets the Research Skills requirement.
• Successful completion of PRVM 853 (Responsible Conduct of Research) or PTRS 807 (Ethics in Health Care) meets the Responsible Scholarship requirement.
• Successful completion of the DCLS comprehensive examination. Prior to starting the clinical residency, a comprehensive examination is required of all degree candidates. Students will demonstrate their (i) command of the clinical laboratory science body of knowledge, (ii) ability to analyze data, and (iii) expertise in the broad scope of clinical practice. Students must be in good academic standing (i.e. hold a minimum 3.0 cumulative GPA) to be eligible for the comprehensive examination. The examination must be completed prior to enrollment in residency courses with a minimum score of 80% to be considered successful. 
• Successful completion of the DCLS Research Project requirement. A prospectively planned and approved translational research project which is advisor-guided, student-directed, and designed to support and enhance students’ ability to apply their graduate knowledge and achieve tangible outcomes. The DCLS Research Project is a three-course series (DCLS 901, DCLS 902, DCLS 903) that includes all aspects of a translational research project, including the planning, data collection, analysis/interpretation of results, preparation, and presentation of the research project, both oral and written. Research projects will advance practice in clinical laboratory medicine, such as the development and implementation of diagnostic and interpretive algorithms, clinical practice guidelines, and collaborative interprofessional patient care.
• Successful completion of the DCLS Clinical Residency requirement. A three-course series (DCLS 911, DCLS 912, DCLS 913), this year-long clinical residency is designed to develop the DCLS professional to meet national professional responsibilities. Residency places the student in clinical practice environments at program affiliates. During the residency, the students will work with management, laboratory staff, physicians, nurses, and other members of the healthcare team to provide guidance in laboratory utilization and interpretation thereby optimizing patient outcomes. Residency is provided in structured clinical rotations occurring at clinical affiliates. Skills and knowledge will be evaluated through competency-based assessments and portfolio development. The portfolio will contain documentation of experiences and work products developed during the residency rotations. This may include de-identified summaries of consultations, papers and abstracts published or submitted, PowerPoint presentations, method evaluation data and/or written procedures from utilization projects. 
• Successful completion of the DCLS Capstone requirement. The capstone is completed during the final semester of the program and consists of a written and an oral examination. The written component consists of a manuscript suitable for publication based on the research requirement described above. The oral examination is a defense of the manuscript and can include questions regarding general knowledge of clinical laboratory science concepts and applications.    
• Enrollment in a minimum of one (1) credit hour the semester the student will graduate.
• Successful completion of the following courses:

Core Curriculum

* DCLS 800 will be taken during each residency semester. 

Degree requirements and course descriptions are subject to change. Any courses taken as an equivalent must be approved by the Graduate Director and the Office of Graduate Studies. In most cases, use the catalog of the year student entered the program.  Other years’ catalogs» .

The DCLS is a minimum 76 credit hour program designed to be completed in a three year time frame if enrolled full time (see program progression below, part-time options are available).  Course work is divided between the "Core Curriculum" (advanced theory courses) completed in the first two years of full-time study, and one full year of full-time clinical residency (during which research and residency courses are completed).  

A recommended plan of study for full-time students in the DCLS program is shown below.

Students enroll in DCLS 800 during each clinical residency semester.

Graduates of the clinical laboratory science doctoral program must have the knowledge and skills to function in a broad variety of clinical laboratory and patient care environments, including hospitals, reference, public health, and physician office settings. Therefore, the following abilities and expectations must be met by all students in the program.

Essential Observational Requirements

• Read and comprehend text, numbers, and graphs displayed in print and other visual displays.
• Perform comparative observations of text, movement, shapes, graphs, colors, etc.
• Observe and respond to subtle cues of individual’s moods, temperament, and social behavior.
• Observe, learn from, and analyze medical record content, including discernment and use of clinical and administrative data displayed within the medical record.
• Observe, learn from, and analyze statistical, financial, and reimbursement data, including utilizing spreadsheets, software, databases, and performing mathematical calculations.
• Observe, learn from, and analyze class demonstrations and experiences in disciplines relevant to Clinical Laboratory Sciences that include but are not limited to information management, biochemistry, physiology, statistics, clinical correlations, and research methodology.

Essential Movement Requirements

• Perform actions requiring coordination of both gross and fine muscular movement, equilibrium and use of senses.
• Move freely and safely about healthcare settings (hospitals, patient rooms, clinics, laboratory, etc.).
• Travel to sites both on and off campus involved in coursework and residency.
• Perform moderately taxing continuous physical work over several hours.
• Use an electronic keyboard to generate, calculate, record, evaluate, and transmit information.
• Prepare assignments, both written and on-line.
• Deliver public presentations to large and small audiences.

Essential Communication Requirements

• Read, interpret, and comprehend technical and professional materials (e.g., textbooks, journal articles, handbooks, instruction manuals, and patient healthcare records).
• Be able to share and to elicit information from patients, healthcare providers, peers, and research collaborators verbally and in a recorded format.
• Assimilate information to prepare papers, produce reports, and complete documentation for patient care and research purposes.
• Effectively, confidently, sensitively, and confidentially communicate with patients, laboratory staff, and healthcare providers regarding laboratory test selection, interpretation, and follow-up.
• Communicate effectively (speaking, writing, typing, graphics, or telecommunication) with faculty, students, laboratory staff, patients, and other healthcare professionals.
• Take paper and computer examinations.

Essential Intellectual Requirements.

• Understand and perform measurements, calculations, synthesis, analysis, reasoning and problem solving.
• Participate in research activities involving the laboratory or patient oriented research activities.
• Possess sufficient judgment to recognize and correct performance deviations.

Essential Behavioral and Social Requirements

• Manage the use of time and be able to systematize actions in order to complete academic, professional and technical tasks within realistic constraints.
• Possess the emotional health necessary to effectively employ intellect, act ethically, and exercise appropriate judgment.
• Demonstrate appropriate affective behaviors and mental attitudes as to not jeopardize the emotional, physical, mental and behavioral safety of other individuals with whom there is interaction in academic clinical, and residency settings.
• Possess the mental and emotional rigor to maintain relationships and demonstrate respect to all people, including students, faculty, patients, and other healthcare professionals at residency settings, without showing bias or preference on the basis of race, color, age, sex, religion or creed, national origin or ancestry, gender expression, gender identity, disability, veteran status, sexual orientation or genetic testing & screening.
• Adapt to professional and technical change, being flexible and creative.
• Use appropriate language.
• Demonstrate empathy when appropriate.
• Work effectively in inter-professional teams.
• Demonstrate an understanding of the rationale and justification for one’s performance.
• Demonstrate attention to detail and flexibility to function in a clinical and/or research setting.
• Recognize potentially hazardous materials, equipment, and situations and proceed safely in order to minimize risk of injury to self and nearby individuals.
• Practice honesty, compassion, and responsibility.
• Be forthright about errors or uncertainty.
• Critically evaluate one’s own performance, accept constructive criticism, and look for ways to improve.
• Critically evaluate the performance of students, patients, and healthcare providers, tactfully offering constructive comments.
• Provide professional and technical services while experiencing the stresses of heavy workloads (i.e., large number of tasks to complete in a limited amount of time), task- related uncertainty (i.e., ambiguous test-ordering, ambivalent test interpretation), emergent demands (i.e., "stat" test orders, interaction with other members of the healthcare team), and a distracting environment (i.e., high noise levels, crowding, complex visual stimuli).

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Boston University Academics

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• PhD in Pathology & Laboratory Medicine

For contact information, please visit the Pathology & Laboratory Medicine website .

Pathology, the study of disease, integrates all aspects of biomedical science to further the understanding of disease processes and develop methods for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disease. The PhD in Pathology & Laboratory Medicine is for students who want to participate in breakthrough scientific research and contribute to the advancement of biomedical knowledge, learning how diseases work at a mechanistic level. Graduates will be prepared for postdoctoral fellowships, science writing, running a lab as a principal investigator, and shaping science policy at the government level.

Our department focuses particularly on cancer, immunologic, inflammatory, and neurologic disorders. We have a strong and diverse faculty composed of core and joint members who offer multiple research and training opportunities in experimental pathology.

Current foci of research by departmental faculty and students include:

• The development of the brain
• Disorders of brain development and normal aging
• Effects of nutrition on the developing brain
• Disorders of cell cycle and cell signaling in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer
• Normal and abnormal immunological responses to infectious agents and environmental toxins and to other stimuli
• The neuroscience of Alzheimer’s disease
• Traumatic brain injury
• The pathogenesis of asthma
• Development of immunotherapies for cancer and infectious diseases

Prospective applicants to the PhD program in Pathology must enter via the Program in Biomedical Sciences (PiBS). This program emphasizes interdisciplinary training for the first year, after which time students will be free to transition into one of the doctoral programs offered by the Department of Pathology.

Program in Biomedical Sciences (PiBS)

The Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine participates in the Program in Biomedical Sciences (PiBS), which offers training toward the PhD degree by integrating the foundations of interdisciplinary biomedical research with focused investigation and preparation for career advancement.

In the first year, PhD students will participate in the Foundations in Biomedical Sciences (FBS) core curriculum as well as have the opportunity to select elective courses focused on area-specific interests. Additionally, trainees will engage in laboratory rotations, journal clubs, and research seminars. Trainees will work closely with a faculty advisor in the development of an individual plan that will be tailored to serve specific research and professional goals. After selection of a laboratory, students will join the program/department with which the mentor is affiliated and continue advanced studies towards candidacy.

For more on how to apply, please visit our website .

Program Overview

The doctoral program is broadly based, offers research training in both basic and clinical investigations of disease, and encourages students to integrate the two areas where appropriate in their doctoral research. The core curriculum provides course, seminar, and laboratory opportunities for students to learn the pathogenesis, morphology, and cell and molecular biology of human diseases and laboratory techniques used to study them.

Laboratories of faculty in the department and other faculty in Graduate Medical Sciences provide opportunities for doctoral dissertation research in many aspects of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of disease.

Students are expected to fulfill all course requirements, choose a dissertation laboratory, and begin preparatory dissertation research within four semesters. They then take the qualifying examination and, if successful, present a dissertation research proposal to their faculty committee and proceed with their research. Students in the alternative tracks follow a modified curriculum in which certain departmental requirements are substituted by requirements of the respective interdepartmental program.

Our faculty members are committed to facilitating all pathology graduate students’ efficient progress through our graduate programs, in a goal-oriented manner. The student group is enthusiastic and interactive. And our graduates pursue careers in academia, biotechnology settings, government laboratories and, if also medically trained, in clinical specialties.

Specializations

In addition to the pathology curriculum, students may choose from three additional specialized tracks:

• Pathology—Cell and Molecular Biology
• Pathology—Immunology
• Pathology—Neuroscience

Specialized coursework offered through the department includes:

• Basic and Experimental Pathology
• Protein Modification and Molecular Basis of Human Diseases
• The Business of Science

Involvement with the MD/PhD Program

• Pathology regularly participates in evening sessions with the MD/PhD students where research opportunities within pathology are discussed.
• Dr. Remick serves on the MD/PhD admissions committee to review applicants and rank interviewed applicants.
• Several faculty members in pathology serve as interviewers for the MD/PhD applicants, providing a critical component since the group struggles to find sufficient MD interviewers.
• Recent MD/PhD graduates who have defended and gone back to graduate medical school are Bryan Belikoff (Remick Lab/Defended Spring 2010), Besam Khidhir (Haber/Harvard Lab/Defended Spring 2010), Chad Mayer (Kurosawa Lab/Defended Spring 2014), David Stepien (Remick Lab/Defended Spring 2013), Louis Vaickus (Remick Lab/Defended Spring 2010), Terry Hsieh (Remick Lab/Defended Spring 2016), Melody Lun (Off-Site-Childrens Hospital/Lehtinen Lab/Defended Spring 2016), and Nisma Mujahid (Off-Site-Massachusetts General Hospital/Fisher Lab/Defended Spring 2017).

Program Structure

Md/phd and phd general requirements.

A course of study and laboratory experience extending over one to two years is followed by a qualifying examination, which is taken within one semester after completion of required coursework. The proposal for dissertation research is then developed and presented to the dissertation committee; the proposed research extends over another two to three years and is performed under the guidance of the major advisor with the help and advice of the committee.

The Director of Graduate Studies serves as a curriculum advisor to all students in the first two years of the program and approves the course registration forms. After the required courses are completed, the student’s research advisor provides direction in the choice of additional courses.

Laboratory rotations are performed in the first year of study to:

• Acquaint students with research opportunities in the program
• Teach a variety of approaches to research and teach specific research methods
• Permit choice of a laboratory for dissertation research. The dissertation research advisor should be chosen and preliminary work in the area of research begun early in the second year of study

Sample Curriculum for PhD and MD/PhD

For first-year PiBS students interested in pathology, the following courses are recommended.

First-Year Fall (10 credits)

• GMS AN 704 Statistics (2 cr) (or equivalent)
• GMS FC 701 Foundations/Protein Structure (2 cr)
• GMS FC 702 Foundations/Genome Structure & Function (2 cr)
• GMS FC 703 Foundations/Cell Architecture & Dynamics (2 cr)
• GMS PA 710 Principles of Basic and Applied Pathology (2 cr)

First-Year Spring (10 credits)

• GMS FC 704 Foundations/Biomedical Sciences (2 cr)
• GMS PA 510 Medical Immunology (2 cr)
• GMS PA 700 Basic and Experimental Pathology (4 cr)
• GMS elective (2 cr)

Second-Year Fall (10 credits)

• GMS PA 800 Pathology Seminar (2 cr)
• GMS PA 810/811 Business of Science (recommended) or elective (2 cr)
• GMS PA 900 Pathology Lab Rotations (2 cr)
• GMS PA 901 Pathology Research (2 cr/varies)
• GMS electives (2 or 4 cr)

Second-Year Spring (10 credits)

• GMS PA 801 Special Topics–Spring (2 cr)
• GMS PA 901 Pathology Research (4 cr/varies)
• GMS PA 910 Human Biospecimens for Research (2 cr)
• Directed Studies (credits as needed)

Required to Sit for the Qualifying Exam

• GMS FIBS I–IV

Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) is presented by Boston University, requires participation in four sessions of two hours each (usually one session per semester), and results in an NIH certificate. Summer sessions are also offered.

For second-year PiBS students interested in pathology, the following courses are required/recommended.

• GMS PA 800 Pathology Seminar (required for qualifying exam) (2 cr)
• GMS PA 700 Basic and Experimental Pathology (required for qualifying exam) (4 cr)
• Directed Studies (credits as needed)

Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR)  is presented by Boston University, requires participation in four sessions of two hours each (usually one session per semester), and results in an NIH certificate. Summer sessions are also offered.

For MD/PhD students interested in pathology, the following courses are required/recommended.

First-Year Fall (1o credits)

• GMS AN 704 Statistics (or equivalent) (2 cr)
• GMS PA 810/811 Business of Science (recommended) (2 cr)
• GMS elective (2 or 4 cr)
• GMS PA 800 Pathology Seminar (elective) (2 cr)

Additional Requirements

Participation and attendance in the Departmental Friday Seminar are required through all terms of study and research. Two course credits are given for one term (beginning in second year for Cell Biology Track).

For all students pursuing the combined MD/PhD degree, PA 510 Immunology and PA 700 Pathology requirements are fulfilled by the medical curriculum.

Each student is required to present a seminar in the departmental seminar series in addition to their dissertation defense. This is usually done in the fourth year.

Qualifying Exams

Chobanian & Avedisian SOM Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine

Pathology PhD graduate students are eligible to take this compulsory examination after successfully completing the required coursework. This will typically take place at the end of second year for PhD students and at the end of third year for the MD/PhD students.

There is one exam period each year: May–June.

Written (computer-typed) examination—6–8 hours

Morning and afternoon sessions consist of essay questions based on individual coursework, directed readings, critiques of selected publications (with an emphasis on experimental design), and evaluation of pathology seminars. These study instructions are provided by the individual members of the examination committee no more than two months prior to the examination. The students are responsible for contacting the committee members. None of the suggested study material/publications can be brought to the exam. The answers will be submitted anonymously to the examiners for grading. Copies of past exams are available. All candidates will provide a list of their coursework and grades to the examination committee. Upon passing the written exam, students will proceed to the oral examination, which takes place 7–10 days after the written exam.

Oral examination—1 ½–2 hours

Exam evaluation : Pass/Fail/Conditional Pass. In the event of a conditional pass, the examining committee will define the appropriate corrective steps and a time frame for completing these steps.

After passing the qualifying examination, the graduate student will proceed with selection of their thesis committee.

Current members of the committee are: Dr. J. K. Blusztajn, Dr. B. Slack (committee chair), Dr. I. Delalle, Dr. D. Remick, and Dr. N. Rahimi. Alternate member: Dr. J. Sharon.

PhD Thesis/Doctoral Dissertation Committees

The committee must consist of at least five members, which includes the student’s thesis advisor. At least three members must have primary or secondary appointments in the Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine at the time they are asked to join the committee.

For a complete description of requirements for assembly of the committee, please visit the BU Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine website .

Admission & Financial Assistance

Criteria for admission.

Students must have received a baccalaureate degree from an accredited university. Additional criteria considered by the admissions committee include:

• A good academic record/GPA
• GRE test results and TOEFL for international students
• Personal statement
• Letters of references
• Interview evaluation (if invited)
• Interest level in pathology research
• All aspects of the applicant, including research experience and publications, are considered in the decision process

Financial Support

All PhD and MD/PhD students who are admitted to the program automatically receive a stipend, tuition, activity fees, and health insurance. For the 2018–2019 academic year, the stipend is $34,000.

Students are also eligible to compete for support from outside agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. While in graduate school, students are also eligible to compete with other GMS students for research and travel awards from the department and the Chobanian & Avedisian SOM .

Additional Opportunities

Research opportunities that provide students with the techniques and knowledge necessary to confront scientific problems

Teaching opportunities through the  Chobanian & Avedisian SOM , BU CityLab Academy, BU Metropolitan College, and Chobanian & Avedisian SOM Student Affairs office tutoring program

Departmental seminars provide students with the opportunity to hear and interact with pathologists and basic scientists from a variety of disciplines

Journal Club allows students to lead discussions about current literature, fundamental papers, or new ideas in their fields of study

Core Facilities

• Animal Research Resource Center
• Biomedical Imaging Center
• Cellular Imaging Core
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• Proteomics Core Facility

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Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences

Learn about KU Medical Center's DCLS program that provides advanced theory, research and clinical residency.

The doctorate in clinical laboratory science (DCLS) at KU Medical Center is the third program of its kind in the United States.

The DCLS is an advanced-practice degree for actively practicing American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP)-certified medical laboratory scientists.

As a new member of the health care team, the role of DCLS helps interpret lab data and its implications, thus improving patient outcomes. In this role, students have the opportunity to be at the forefront of health care education for advanced practice.

The 77-credit hour program includes courses in: advanced theory, clinical correlations, research and a one-year, full-time clinical residency at a clinical affiliate. Core curriculum may be completed as a distance learning program and on a part-time basis.

For additional details about the program, including policies and procedures, please review the program's student handbook (PDF) and the school's student handbook .

Core Curriculum + Research

• Advanced theory courses building on the foundation of the bachelor's-level clinical laboratory science curricular content
• Integration of knowledge from health policy and management, pharmacology, health care education, public health, epidemiology and advanced pathophysiology
• Innovative approaches to clinical education including clinical correlations, evidence-based medicine, and interprofessional practice
• Completion of research courses and development of projects, culminating in a capstone project

Residency Immersion

• Residents are integrated into patient care alongside physicians, nurses, pharmacists and other health care professionals
• Focus on laboratory test selection, result interpretation, and application to the clinical decision-making process to contribute towards the provision of quality patient care
• Address proper utilization of lab tests, correct specimen requirements, and interfering factors affecting results

The mission of the KU doctorate in clinical laboratory science program is to provide a setting where qualified students can prepare themselves for advanced practice in the clinical laboratory sciences.

The opportunities are to be such that graduates will become valuable members of the health care team by providing consultative laboratory services to improve patient care and safety, reduce costs through appropriate lab testing and utilization, and perform evidence-based research to advance the practice of clinical laboratory science.

The program strives to develop in each graduate an understanding of, and an appreciation for, the needs and concerns of the patient and other members of the health care team.

Program Goals

Upon completion of the degree program, graduates should be able to perform the following:

• Provide patient-centered, customized consultation services on appropriate test selection and interpretation for the purpose of clinical decision-making among the interprofessional health care team and for the patient.
• Monitor laboratory data, test utilization and diagnostic testing processes for individual patients and populations using informatics and analytics to reduce diagnostic errors, improve efficiency, and reduce costs.
• Conduct research and apply evidence to demonstrate clinical utility of laboratory tests and algorithms and to improve the quality, efficiency and safety of the overall diagnostic testing process.
• Educate health care providers, patients, their families, and the general public on the indications, best evidence, patient preparation, and interpretation of clinical laboratory testing including home self-testing.
• Direct laboratory operations to comply with all state and federal laws and regulations, as well as guidelines determined by professional boards of licensure, and certification/accreditation agencies.
• Participate in public and private health policy decision-making at all organization and government levels using best evidence.

Future Careers

• health care consultant
• laboratory director
• patient educator for health care providers

Learn about the expert faculty in the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences .

Accreditation

The KU Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences plans to apply for accreditation of the DCLS program by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science (NAACLS) as soon as the program becomes eligible for accreditation. NAACLS 5600 N. River Rd, Suite 720 Rosemont IL 60018-5119;60018-5119; 773.714.8880

Advising and Questions

Renee Hodgkins, Ph.D., MT(ASCP) DCLS Program Director [email protected]

University of Kansas Medical Center Clinical Laboratory Science 3901 Rainbow Boulevard Mailstop 4048 Kansas City, KS 66160 913-588-5220 • 711 TTY

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Medical Sciences

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The Division​ of Medical Sciences is one of the programs in the Harvard Integrated Life Sciences, which facilitates collaboration and cross-disciplinary research. Visit HILS for additional  application instructions .

Established at Harvard University in 1908, the Division of Medical Sciences (DMS) provides students wishing to pursue careers in research and teaching with a broad education in basic biomedical science fields and specialization in one of them. Classroom and laboratory instruction are conducted primarily by faculty in the basic sciences departments and affiliated hospital laboratories of Harvard Medical School, leading to a PhD awarded by the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Harvard Griffin GSAS). For over 100 years, this fruitful collaboration has spawned research achievements across the spectrum, from basic science to experimental medicine. Since 1909, more than 2,800 division graduates, including six Nobel Laureates, have gone on to distinguished careers in biomedical research, university teaching, and a number of increasingly diverse careers.

DMS offers six interdisciplinary areas of study leading to a PhD in the biomedical sciences, which share a common purpose of fostering a stimulating and supportive environment for research training in the biomedical sciences:  Biomedical Informatics , ​ Biological and Biomedical Sciences ,  Immunology ,  Neuroscience ,  Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology , and Virology .

DMS students are enrolled in and receive a PhD from Harvard Griffin GSAS, even though they may work primarily with Harvard Medical School faculty. 

Additional information on the graduate program is available from the Division of Medical Sciences and requirements for the degree are detailed in  policies .

Admissions Requirements

Please review admissions requirements and other information before applying. You can find degree program-specific admissions requirements below and access additional guidance on applying from the Division of Medical Sciences .

In the application for admission, select Division of Medical Sciences as your degree program choice and your area of interest from the Area of Study drop down.

If you have published articles, please list these in the Academic History section of the application for admission, citing the PubMedID.

All DMS programs conduct personal interviews as part of the application process. Invitations for interviews are usually sent out between late December and early January, depending on the program.

Standardized Tests

GRE General: See specific DMS area of study pages for GRE requirements iBT TOEFL minimum score: 100 IELTS minimum score: 7

Biomedical Informatics

Applicants to the program typically have majored in a quantitative field (e.g., computer science, mathematics, statistics, physics, bioengineering) with a demonstrated interest in biological sciences OR have majored in a biological science but with considerable aptitude in computer programming and quantitative methods.

Neuroscience (PIN)

While there are no specific degree subject, course, or research requirements, applicants are expected to have rigorous undergraduate coursework in the sciences, including biology, chemistry, and physics, and prior lab research experience. Applicants who have trained outside of neuroscience and biology are expected to have a demonstrated interest in neuroscience.

The statement of purpose should help the admissions committee get to know each applicant as a person and as a scientist. How did your background and lived experience help shape you as a scientist? What are your interests and goals in graduate school? How do your research experiences and goals fit within this context? You should briefly establish a contextual framework, provide a summary of your research experience, including the question(s)/topic(s) of your research, their importance, your hypotheses, how you tested your hypotheses, your findings, possible outcomes, and how you interpreted those outcomes.

Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology (SHBT)

Applicants who are invited for on-campus interviews are notified in late December. Interviews generally occur in late January as part of a series of activities beginning on a Thursday evening and ending the following Sunday. Travel and hotel expenses for this visit are covered by the SHBT program. Invited applicants should make every effort to attend the interview weekend, but those who are unable to do so should inquire about other arrangements.

Theses and Dissertations

Theses & dissertations for Division of Medical Sciences

See list of Division of Medical Sciences faculty

APPLICATION DEADLINE

Questions about the program.

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Advanced Practice: Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science

• Advanced Practice: Doctorate in Clinical…

Document: Advanced Practice: Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science Classification: Position Paper Status: Approved by the ASCLS House of Delegates, August 2016

Introduction:

The concept of interprofessional patient care teams to provide more effective medical care for patients has been promoted for decades. 1-5 These teams usually consist of the admitting physician, hospitalist physicians, nurses, doctoral pharmacists, health profession therapists, and social workers. Professionals from the clinical laboratory are conspicuously absent from these teams, yet many medical decisions (diagnosis, therapy, discharge, etc.) rely on laboratory test results. 6 With a plethora of clinical laboratory tests and new molecular methodologies being added to the clinical laboratory test menu, clinicians are challenged with keeping abreast of the latest in laboratory services. 7,8 Technological advancements in laboratory informatics, patients’ ready access to laboratory test results, and personalized/precision medicine place the clinical laboratory in the center of patient-centered care. 9-13 Thus, medical laboratory professionals can be key members of the interprofessional health care team. Development of certified Medical Laboratory Scientists to assume a role as a member of the interprofessional health care team requires additional education to acquire advanced knowledge and skills.

Background:

In 1999, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) reported that an estimated 44,000 to 98,000 hospitalized Americans die each year from preventable medical errors in a health care system that is fragmented with inadequate systems to protect patients. 14 An evidence-based analysis of more recent data increased the estimate of preventable patient deaths in U.S. hospitals from 210,000 to over 400,000 each year. 15 In addition to this tragic human toll, medical errors waste billions of health care dollars annually. 14 In a follow-up publication in 2001, the IOM specified six aims to improve the delivery of health care so that it is safe, timely, efficient, equitable, patient-centered, and effective based on scientific knowledge. 2 In 2003, the IOM specified five core competencies for health care professionals, namely, the ability to provide patient-centered care, work in interdisciplinary teams, employ evidence-based practice, apply quality improvement, and utilize informatics. 3 The IOM further expanded recommendations in 2015 concentrating on the diagnostic process to reduce diagnostic errors. 16 Recommendations included promoting teamwork with health care professionals, patients, and families; better use of information technologies; developing processes to detect and reduce diagnostic errors; and providing more funding for research on the diagnostic process. 16

The American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS) strongly supports the IOM’s recommendations to improve patient safety. 17 Although initiatives in clinical laboratory quality improvement, informatics, and evidence-based practice continue to be addressed to improve health care quality and safety, these efforts need to be expanded, coordinated, standardized, and linked to patient outcomes. 11,18-24 ASCLS particularly supports a new role for clinical laboratory practitioners in interprofessional collaboration, effective health care teams, and patient-centered care. 17,18,25,26 Inclusion of a clinical laboratory practitioner in the interprofessional health care team would have a positive impact on patient outcomes and safety. It would also result in cost savings to the health care system by providing valuable and reliable clinical-based knowledge regarding laboratory testing that fosters accurate and timely diagnoses and treatment, thus supporting the IOM’s recommendations. 2

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Laboratory Systems convened a professionally facilitated meeting “The 2007 Institute: Managing for Better Health.” This Institute addressed the wide-ranging goal of improving the integration of laboratory medicine within the health care system. Four main goals were identified at this meeting. 27 One of the goals identified was:

“to institutionalize new models of clinical consultation provided by laboratory medicine professionals to clinicians to guide their decisions about utilization of laboratory tests or services.” 27

This goal addresses the CDC’s vision of a collaborative, consultative relationship between medical laboratory professionals and clinicians, thus integrating laboratory medicine into patient care.

The advanced practice clinical laboratory practitioner can increase efficiency, facilitate patient management outcomes, and improve timely access to accurate and appropriate laboratory information by participating directly in patient care decisions, monitoring laboratory utilization, and conducting research on the diagnostic process. 3,16,28 Medical Laboratory Scientists have extensive knowledge regarding laboratory tests and data, and with advanced education can:

• Provide patient-centered, customized consultation services on appropriate test selection and interpretation for the purpose of clinical decision making among the interprofessional health care team and for the patient.
• Monitor laboratory data, test utilization, and diagnostic testing processes in individual patients and populations using informatics and analytics to reduce diagnostic errors, improve efficiency, and reduce costs.
• Conduct research and apply evidence to demonstrate clinical utility of laboratory tests and algorithms and to improve the quality, efficiency, and safety of the overall diagnostic testing process.
• Educate health care providers, patients, their families, and the general public about the indications, best evidence, patient preparation, and interpretation of clinical laboratory testing, including home self-testing.
• Direct laboratory operations to comply with all state and federal laws and regulations, as well as guidelines determined by professional boards of licensure, and certification/accreditation agencies
• Participate in public and private health policy decision making at all organization and government levels using best evidence.

Pathologists and other health care providers recognize the need for greater clinician access to laboratory consultants for clinical decision support and appropriate utilization of laboratory services. 7,29 The advanced clinical laboratory practitioner would be in a unique position to improve patient outcomes while developing and strengthening collaborative relationships among laboratory professionals and other health care providers. Improper test selection and patient preparation, and misinterpretation of laboratory tests cost patients in time, treatment, and money, and jeopardize their safety. 20 The advanced clinical laboratory practitioner would also be instrumental in coordinating utilization of laboratory test data to actionable outcomes that can improve patient care and reduce medical errors.

ASCLS has advocated for the role of advanced practice non-physician laboratory scientists in promoting improved patient outcomes. In July 2004 the ASCLS House of Delegates accepted a model career ladder for the profession. 25 The highest practice level (Advanced Practice Scientist III) requires a doctorate degree with skills in consulting, evaluating laboratory testing outcomes, and evaluating research designs. In July 2009, the ASCLS House of Delegates approved a position paper which expanded the practice levels and educational requirements.18 In that paper, the highest level of practice (Level VIII) specified a requirement for a doctorally-prepared clinical laboratory practitioner (Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Science or PhD), with practice skills in clinical assessment, evidence-based practice/research, laboratory services clinical consultation, patient counseling, grant-funded research as principal investigator, and test utilization/assessment/protocol development. 18 The following represents the most recent position of ASCLS on the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science.

ASCLS supports the development and implementation of a professional Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science degree in institutions of higher learning. The professional doctorate would not be viewed as an entry level for the profession, but instead will provide an additional level of education to afford advanced career opportunities for Medical Laboratory Scientists. ASCLS recommends that the professional be designated Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Science, and the degree be designated a Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science (DCLS).

ASCLS believes that formal education leading to certification as a generalist Medical Laboratory Scientist provides an essential foundation for success in the graduate curriculum and for building the advanced DCLS competencies. Therefore ASCLS believes that the minimum prerequisites for entry into a DCLS Program include 1) completion of a NAACLS-accredited Medical Laboratory Science Program (or equivalent international program), 2) a baccalaureate degree, and 3) generalist Medical Laboratory Scientist certification.

ASCLS supports the concept of designing a common education model for this professional degree and implementing programs in a collaborative manner where feasible and desirable. Consortia or other collaborative models that rely on distance delivery options, and emphasize the relative strengths of the participating institutions are encouraged.

ASCLS supports the curriculum model developed by the ASCLS DCLS Task Force. This curriculum serves as a guide for program development. It includes the core competencies of basic science, and clinical laboratory science that provide the knowledge, clinical skills and interpersonal skills needed for competency at this advanced level of practice.

ASCLS supports and encourages development of interprofessional health care teams that include the Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Science (DCLS).

ASCLS supports a continuous dialogue with the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS) in the process of developing and revising accreditation standards for the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science programs.

ASCLS believes that DCLS practitioners must earn doctoral-level board certification comparable to the certifications held by individuals with whom they will consult such as medical doctors (MDs, DOs), pharmacists (PharmDs), nurses (DNP), etc. Therefore a single board certification specific to the unique scope of practice of the DCLS should be developed. Further, that certification agency should seek approval from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services for its DCLS certificants to qualify as laboratory directors under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) of 1988.

ASCLS believes that state licensing boards, ideally with nationwide reciprocity, should be created in all states to regulate the practice of DCLS practitioners and protect the public.

References:

• World Health Organization. Learning Together to Work Together for Health. Report of a WHO Study Group on Multiprofessional Education for Health Personnel: The Team Approach. Technical Report Series 769:1-72. Geneva:World Health Organization, 1988.
• Institute of Medicine. Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2001.
• Institute of Medicine. Health professions education: A bridge to quality. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2003.
• Wiecha J, Pollard T. The interdisciplinary eHealth team: Chronic care for the future. J Med Internet Res 2004;6:e22. doi:10.2196/jmir.6.3.e22.
• Nandiwada DR, Dang-Vu C. Transdisciplinary health care education: Training team players. Journal of Health Care for Poor and Underserved 2010;21:26-34.
• Forsman RW. Why is the laboratory an afterthought for managed care organizations? Clin Chem 1996;42:813-816.
• Hickner J, Thompson PJ, Wilkinson T, Epner P, Sheehan M, Pollock AM, Lee J, Duke CC, Jackson BR, Taylor JR. Primary care physicians’ challenges in ordering clinical laboratory tests and interpreting results. J Am Board Fam Med 2014;27:268-274.
• Kotzer KE, Riley JD, Conta JH, Anderson CM, Schahl KA, Goodenberger ML. Genetic testing utilization and the role of the laboratory genetic counselor. Clin Chim Acta 2014;427:193-195.
• Snyder CF, Wu AW, Miller RS, Jensen RE, Bantug ET, Wolff AC. The role informatics in promoting patient-centered care. Cancer J 2011;17:211-218.
• Campbell B, Linzer G, Dufour DR. Lab Tests Online and consumer understanding of laboratory testing. Clin Chim Acta 2014;432:162-165.
• Shirts BH, Jackson BR, Baird GS, Baron JM, Clements B, Grisson R, Hauser RG, Taylor JR, Terrazas E, Brimhall B. Clinical laboratory analytics: Challenges and promise for an emerging discipline. J Pathol Inform 2015:6:9.
• Giardina TD, Callen J, Georgiou A, Westbrook JI, Greisinger A, Esquivel A, Forjuoh SN, Parrish DE, Singh H. Releasing test results directly to patients: A multisite survey of physician perspectives. Patient Educ Couns 2015;98:788-796.
• Schmidt KT, Chau CH, Price DK, Figg WD. Precision oncology medicine: The clinical relevance of patient specific biomarkers used to optimize cancer treatment. J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 17 JUN 2016, DOI: 10.1002/jcph.765.
• Institute of Medicine. To Err is Human: Building a safer health system. National Academies Press, 2000.
• James JT. A new, evidence-based estimate of patient harms associated with hospital care. J Patient Saf 2013;9:122-128.
• Institute of Medicine. Improving diagnosis in health care. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2015.
• American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science Position Paper. Medical errors and patient safety, 2001. https://ascls.org/position-papers/183-medical-errors-and-patient-safety , Accessed 6/17/16.
• American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science Position Paper. Practice Levels and Educational Needs for Clinical Laboratory Personnel, 2009. https://ascls.org/position-papers/173-levels-of-practice , Accessed 6/17/16.
• Grzybicki DM, Shahangian S, Pollock AM, Raab SS. A summary of deliberations on strategic planning for continuous quality improvement in laboratory medicine. Am J Clin Pathol 2009;131:315-320.
• Smith ML, Raab SS, Fernald DH, James KA, Lebin JA, Grzybicki DM, Zelie C, West DR. Evaluating the connections between primary care practice and clinical laboratory testing. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2013;137:120-125.
• Price CP, St John A. Innovation in healthcare. The challenge for laboratory medicine. Clin Chim Acta 2014;427:71-78.
• Scotten M, Manos EL, Malicoat A, Paolo AM. Minding the gap: Interprofessional communication during inpatient and post discharge chasm care. Patient Educ Couns 2015;98:895-900.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Laboratory Systems, Clinical Laboratory Integration into Healthcare Collaborative (CLIHCTM). http://www.cdc.gov/ophss/csels/dls/eblm/index.html , Accessed 6/17/16.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Laboratory Systems, Laboratory Medicine Best Practices (LMBP™) Initiative: Systematic Evidence Review and Evaluation Methods for Quality Improvement. http://www.cdc.gov/ophss/csels/dls/eblm/index.html , Accessed 6/17/16.
• American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science Position Paper. Model Career Ladder, 2004. https://ascls.org/position-papers/179-model-career-ladder , Accessed 6/17/16.
• American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science Position Paper: Scope of Practice, 2012. https://ascls.org/position-papers/186-scope-of-practice , Accessed 6/17/16.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Division of Laboratory Systems. The 2007 Institute: Managing for Better Health. Executive Summary of Action Plan Priorities, 2007.
• Walz SE, Darcy TP. Patient safety & post-analytical error. Clin Lab Med 2013;33:183-194.
• Laposata ME, Laposata M, Van Cott EM, Buchner DS, Kashalo MS, Dighe AS. Physician survey of a laboratory medicine interpretive service and evaluation of the influence of interpretations on laboratory test ordering. Arch Path Lab Med 2004;128:1424-1427.

Medical Laboratory Sciences Programs

Medical Laboratory Sciences (MLS) is a challenging and rewarding health care profession that has great impact on patient care. Working in a variety of settings, medical laboratory scientists are essential members of the health care team who provide vital information about the status and function of the body and its systems. The data obtained by medical laboratory scientists is utilized in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.

Learn more about Medical Laboratory Sciences

BSHS Program

The GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences offers the following Bachelor's of Science programs in Medical Laboratory Sciences.

Post-Baccalaureate Certificate

The GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences offers the following Post-Baccalaureate programs in Medical Laboratory Sciences.

MSHS Programs

The GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences offers the following Master's of Science programs in Medical Laboratory Sciences.

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Medical Laboratory Scientist

What does a medical laboratory scientist do.

A medical laboratory scientist (MLS), also known as a medical technologist or clinical laboratory scientist, works to analyze a variety of biological specimens. They are responsible for performing scientific testing on samples and reporting results to physicians.  

Medical laboratory scientists perform complex tests on patient samples using sophisticated equipment like microscopes. The data they find plays an important role in identifying and treating cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and other medical conditions. It is estimated 60 to 70 percent of all decisions regarding a patient's diagnosis, treatment, hospital admission, and discharge are based on the results of the tests medical laboratory scientists perform.

Video: Behind the scenes: Medical Laboratory Scientist

Scope of practice

Medical laboratory scientists collaborate very closely with physicians and medical laboratory technicians in diagnosing and monitoring disease processes, as well as monitoring the effectiveness of therapy. Areas of medical laboratory training include microbiology, chemistry, hematology, immunology, transfusion medicine, toxicology, and molecular diagnostics. 

Medical laboratory scientists have a wide variety of responsibilities and duties, including:

• Examining and analyzing blood, body fluids, tissues, and cells
• Relaying test results to physicians
• Utilizing microscopes, cell counters, and other high-precision lab equipment
• Cross-matching blood for transfusion
• Monitoring patient outcomes
• Performing differential cell counts looking for abnormal cells to aid in the diagnosis of anemia and leukemia
• Establishing quality assurance programs to monitor and ensure the accuracy of test results
• Overseeing the work of a medical laboratory technician

Medical laboratory scientist vs. medical laboratory technician

While similar, there are a few key differences between a medical lab scientist and a medical lab technician. They both work in the lab and perform tests on biological samples, however, a medical lab scientist typically has more education and is able to perform more involved lab work. A medical lab technician performs more of the routine lab work and is often supervised by a medical lab scientist.

Medical laboratory scientist vs. medical laboratory assistant

A medical laboratory assistant is a subgroup of medical laboratory technician. They are responsible for preparing biological specimens, recording information, and perform more of the lab maintenance tasks such as cleaning equipment and stocking supplies. A medical laboratory scientist will work with a medical laboratory assistant by analyzing their prepared specimens and relaying information for them to record.

Work environment

Medical lab scientists work in hospitals, clinics, forensic or public health laboratories, as well as pharmaceutical industries, biotechnology companies, veterinary clinics, or research institutions. Depending on the setting, their work hours may vary; but typically labs are run 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This allows for flexibility in scheduling.

Medical laboratory scientists spend the majority of their time on their feet, analyzing test results in the lab.   

Becoming a medical laboratory scientist

Successful medical lab scientists are effective communicators with a sound intellect and interest in science and technology. Excellent eye-hand coordination, dexterity, and visual acuity are important to skillfully perform and analyze tests. 

Individuals who love science and research, but prefer to have little-to-no interaction with patients, would be a good fit for the medical laboratory scientist career.

Higher education requirements

After obtaining a high school diploma (or the equivalent), most will go on to obtain some level of higher education and training in order to become a medical laboratory scientist.

Common higher education requirements for medical laboratory scientist jobs include:

• Completing a bachelor’s degree in medical technology or clinical laboratory science. A bachelor’s degree in a science or health-related field (e.g. chemistry or microbiology) may also be considered.
• Completing a clinical laboratory program or internship through a hospital-based program or as part of their education
• National certification as a medical technologist (MT), clinical laboratory scientist (CLS), or medical laboratory scientist (MLS)
• Previous experience in a healthcare setting

Certification and licensing

Most employers require medical laboratory scientists to obtain certification through an accrediting body, such as the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) Board of Certification (BOC) . After passing the credentialing exam, medical laboratory scientists (MLS) can practice under the credentials of MLS(ASCP)CM.

Licensure by state may also be required.

Career opportunities and outlook

The median salary for a medical lab scientist is $57,800, though salaries can range between $30,000-$79,000 depending on education, location, and previous experience.

Job growth and security are high for medical laboratory technicians and scientists. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , there is currently a shortage of medical lab technicians and scientists in many parts of the country which guarantees ample employment opportunities and sometimes higher salaries for graduates. With the volume of laboratory tests continuing to increase due to both population growth and the development of new types of tests, job opportunities are expected to increase faster than average with over 26,000 new positions expected to be available by 2030.

With additional training and experience, a medical lab scientist can become a department lead or lab manager. Others may seek specializations to advance their careers. Typically, a medical lab technician will progress to a medical lab scientist with more training.

By the numbers

median annual salary

years of higher education

job growth projected from 2020-2030

Medical laboratory scientist programs at Mayo Clinic

Mayo Clinic offers several programs and rotations to further your education and prepare you for a career as a medical laboratory scientist, medical laboratory assistant, or medical laboratory technician.

• Medical Laboratory Science Clinical Rotation (Arizona)
• Medical Laboratory Science Clinical Rotation (Florida)
• Medical Laboratory Science Program (Florida and Minnesota)
• Medical Laboratory Technician Clinical Rotation (Florida)

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Medical Laboratory Sciences: M.S.

The MS in Medical Laboratory Science program is not intended for those who are already certified medical technologists or who have completed a bachelor’s degree in MLS. Upon completion, these individuals will be eligible to take a national examination for certification as a medical laboratory scientist.

Through this degree, students will gain specialized, in-depth professional hands-on skills and leadership competencies preparing them to succeed within the increasingly clinical laboratory sciences sector. The MS in MLS will allow students to gain defined “bench-focused” technical competency, in addition to training in regulatory and fiscal affairs that impact laboratory management. Completion of this program, accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science (NAACLS), will prepare students to perform clinical laboratory testing and to complete the national certification examination in Medical Laboratory Science, MLS(ASCP). Following graduation students can apply their knowledge to meet specific career goals whether it be clinical laboratory practice or (with experience) management.

Benefits of the program include:

• Gaining a workforce-ready, well-rounded and marketable technical skill set geared for future employment
• Exposure to regulatory, fiscal and management aspects of laboratory practice
• Rapid and fixed time frame of degree completion (18 months)
• Internships integrated into the curriculum offer a leg up in the job market upon graduation
• Preparation to sit for the medical laboratory scientist board of certification exam offered through the American Society for Clinical Pathology, MLS(ASCP)

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The  2023-2024  UD graduate student tuition rate per credit hour is $1028 .

Tuition Credit

Due to a College of Health Sciences Dean’s Scholarship, the student tuition rate is lower than the published UD graduate tuition rate. The final student tuition rate for the Medical Laboratory Sciences program is $815/credit. Please contact the department for more information. BHAN

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Medical Laboratory Science Bachelor of Science in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences

The Medical Laboratory Science program provides students with an undergraduate education in clinical laboratory science and prepares graduates to become certified medical laboratory scientists (MLS) and/or pursue post-baccalaureate studies in medical, dental, optometry or other graduate or professional program.

Three reasons to choose the MLS program at Ohio State:

• You can have the bes​t of both worlds: the extensive resources of a major research university and the personal attention afforded by a small program with class sizes from 25 to 40 students.
• We are affiliated with a number of excellent hospitals in Ohio that provide you with hands-on experience in both routine and specialized testing.
• The program has multiple curriculum tracks to choose from based on your academic and professional career goals.

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Quick links, doctoral training, drph public health and clinical laboratory science and practice.

The DrPH track in Public Health and Clinical Laboratory Science and Practice is designed to provide professionals with an advanced public health education and training to prepare individuals for leadership roles in public health and clinical laboratory settings. The program was designed in response to reports demonstrating a critical shortage of laboratory professionals and a need to rebuild the workforce pipeline in public health laboratories. Coursework was developed and implemented by professionals in public health laboratory leadership positions across the country with an emphasis on enhancing laboratory leadership, management, and scientific expertise.

This DrPH degree is a 46-credit hour post-master’s degree encompassing course work and doctoral project requirements designed to provide aspiring public health laboratory directors eligible requirements to sit for the American Board of Bioanalysis (ABB) Director’s and American Board of Microbiology (ABMM) examinations. Applicants must currently work in public health or clinical laboratories which will allow them to perform bench research to meet these requirements. The core curriculum includes courses in laboratory management, safety and security, microbiology, molecular biology and diagnostics, and bioinformatics. The DrPH degree is completed through distance learning with only three mandatory on-campus institutes which allow public health laboratory professionals to connect with other professionals and broaden their public health practice. The online format allows students to continue to work fulltime and advance their education without interrupting their careers. 

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• Andrew Cannons
• Leah Gillis
• Jill Roberts  (Concentration Lead)
• Monica Uddin
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• Experiential Learning Students in the DrPH program are using their own workplaces for their APE/Doctoral Project.
• Careers This DrPH degree was designed to provide aspiring public health laboratory directors eligible requirements to sit for the American Board of Bioanalysis (ABB) Director’s and American Board of Microbiology (ABMM) examinations. Graduates of the program are currently working as laboratory directors in both public health and clinical laboratories.

To learn more, please contact a Pre-Admissions Advisor at (813) 974-6505 or via email at  [email protected] . 

You may also reach out to the Program Director, Dr. Jill Roberts, at  [email protected] .

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MS in Medical Laboratory Science

At the heart of a patient-centered health care team, managing labs and running tests that will inform diagnosis and treatment..

A career in medical laboratory science combines the challenges of medicine, pathology, basic sciences, and clinical laboratory sciences. Using state-of-the-art biomedical instruments, critical thinking skills, and molecular techniques, medical laboratory scientists are detectives. Loyola's two-year Master of Science in Medical Laboratory Science will give you the tools you need to enter this low-profile, but critically important, aspect of the health care field.

*NEW! Interested in only one discipline of Medical Laboratory Science?  Learn about our new  Clinical Certificate programs

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Our Commitment to You

Graduates with a Master of Science in Medical Laboratory Science will possess the following knowledge, skills, and professional values to start a career in the lab.

• Adequate knowledge and background experience to qualify for and pass national certification examinations
• Depth of learning in various major fields of medical laboratory science
• Competencies to work as an entry-level medical laboratory scientist
• Strong written and verbal communication skills to serve the needs of patients, the health care team, scientific peers, and the general public

PROFESSIONAL VALUES

Faculty and administrators are engaged in a collaborative effort to recruit, retain, educate, and graduate health care professionals who contribute to the well-being of society. The overall goal of the MS in MLS program is to prepare you for a professional career in all facets of Medical Laboratory Science.

• Provide students with the competency and knowledge of the clinical laboratory to enter the profession of medical laboratory science.
• Facilitate the practice of strong communication skills sufficient to serve the needs of patients, the health care team, scientific peers, and the general public.
• Cultivate the next generation of scientists’ leadership abilities to help guide the changing landscape of health care.

The mission of the MS in Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) program at Loyola is to educate competent and qualified Medical Laboratory Scientists. The MS in MLS program focuses on preparing students to enhance the health of individuals, communities, and the larger global environment through the discovery, application, and dissemination of knowledge, and service with others. Our mission is to improve patient care through accurate laboratory testing and diagnostic results. The program strives to impart upon graduates exceptional leadership training and acquisition of a clinically relevant base of scientific knowledge and critical thinking skills to engage in clinical laboratory practice, industry, or research. Our mission aligns with that of Loyola’s Health Science Campus to advance the University's commitment to a socially just world by developing health care leaders and improving human health through education and research. 

GOALS AND COMPETENCIES

The goal of the MS in Medical Laboratory Science program is to prepare students for a professional career in a facet of Medical Laboratory Science through the acquisition of a clinically relevant base of scientific knowledge, the development of critical thinking skills, and a set of methodological tools to assimilate accurate and valid diagnostic information with disease states.

Students will learn to search the scientific literature, data repositories, and to evaluate and select the relevant information from these sources. Students will also learn to communicate clearly with medical colleagues, scientific peers, patients and with the public.

Program goals:

• Provide students with the competency and depth of knowledge in major disciplines of the clinical laboratory to enter the profession of medical laboratory science.
• Facilitate the practice of strong written and verbal communication skills sufficient to serve the needs of patients, the health care team, scientific peers, and the general public in graduates.

The master's degree is conferred after demonstrating certain competencies:

• Acquisition of general and applied knowledge base in the major fields of medical laboratory science.
• Acquisition of oral and written communication skills sufficient to serve the needs of patients, the health care team, scientific peers and the general public.
• Satisfactory completion of coursework and professional practicum.

PROGRAM OUTCOMES

As of 3/12/2024, the Loyola's MS in Medical Laboratory Sciences achieved the following three year average program outcomes for students graduating in 2020-2022:

The three year average certification pass rate for all graduates of the program including and beyond one year of graduation is 94%.

FACULTY, STAFF, AND CLINICAL AFFILIATES

Mls faculty and staff.

• Kristen Pesavento, EdD, MA, MLS(ASCP) CM  MB CM -MLS Graduate Program Director; Assistant Professor
• Kamran M. Mirza, MD, PhD-MLS Medical Director; Associate Professor; Assistant Dean of DEI for SSOM
• Marian Acurio, MLS(ASCP) CM 
• Sarahgin Dumaraog, MS, MLS(ASCP) CM - Instructor
• Anastasia Gant Kanegusuku, PhD-Assistant Professor
• Amanda Harrington, PhD, D(ABMM)- Professor
• Julie Huynh, MPH, MLS(ASCP) CM - MLS Program Manager; Instructor
• Constantine Kanakis, MD, MSc, MLS(ASCP) CM - Instructor
• Jack Maggiore, PhD, MT(ASCP)- Assistant Professor
• Wafa Marji, MS, H(ASCP) CM -Instructor 
• Aneta Szczesniak, MS, MLS(ASCP) CM -Instructor 
• Jeanine Walenga, PhD, MT (ASCP)- Professor

Clinical Affiliates

• Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
• University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
• Gottlieb Memorial Hospital, Melrose Park, Illinois
• MacNeal Hospital, Berwyn, Illinois
• OSF Little Company of Mary, Evergreen Park, Illinois
• Alverno Laboratories, Locations across Illinois and Indiana
• Labcorp, Itasca, Illinois

By the numbers

Projected growth for medical laboratory lab jobs, million new health care jobs created by 2024, vacancy rate in medical laboratory science field as of 2017.

The MS in Medical Laboratory Science program accepts students for fall semester enrollment and is designed to be completed within five continuous semesters of study over the course of two years.

View full descriptions for the MLS curriculum , which includes all course titles, descriptions, sequences, and when each course is offered.

The MS in Medical Laboratory Science program only admits students for the Fall semester. Each cohort consists of a maximum of 12 students.

NO GRE REQUIRED!

Apply now , application requirements.

Applicants to the MS in Medical Laboratry Science must submit the following:

• Completion of the  Loyola University Chicago graduate school admission application
• Bachelor degree from a regionally accredited institution prior to matriculation
• Official transcripts from all undergraduate institutions attended
• Completion of the following prerequisite courses:
• 16 semester hours (or 24 quarter hours) of biological science, including one semester of microbiology with a laboratory component
• 16 semester hours (or 24 quarter hours) of chemistry with laboratory including one semester in organic or biochemistry
• 3 semester hours (4 quarter hours) of mathematics
• Minimum overall GPA of 3.0 out of 4.0
• Two letters of recommendation
• Statement of Purpose
• Essential Functions of MLS

There is no GRE required for application to the MS in Medical Laboratory Science degree.

INTERNATIONAL APPLICANTS

International applicants  must submit the following, in addition to the other application materials:

• TOEFL, IELTS, or PTE official score report sent directly from the testing service
• A Course-by-Course transcript evaluation report from ECE or Educational Perspectives

ADMISSION POLICIES

Applications open for the Fall semester approximately one year before intended enrollment. Competitive applicants should submit a completed application by February 1 for the Early Action Deadline.

Fall Early Action:  February 1 All applicants meeting this deadline will receive an admission decision no later than 3 weeks after the Feb 1 deadline pending completed interview and will be eligible for the Parkinson scholarship. Fall Priority:  May 15 All applicants meeting this deadline will be considered for admission. Any applications received after May 15 will be considered until Parkinson reaches enrollment capacity for the fall.

The deadline to accept an admission to enroll for Fall semester is July 15.

Loyola admits students without regard to race, color, sex, age, national or ethnic origin, religion, sexual orientation, ancestry, military discharge or status, marital status, parental status, or any other protected status.

Accreditation

The Loyola University Chicago Medical Laboratory Science program is accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS). They can be contacted at: National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 5600 N. River Road, Suite 720 Rosemont, IL 60018; Ph: 773-714-8880; Fax: 773-714-8886; Email:  [email protected]

Tuition and Fees

The Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health and Loyola's Financial Aid Office are committed to helping students secure the financial resources to make their education at Loyola affordable.

COST FINANCIAL AID PAYMENT

Further Your Career in Medical Laboratory Science

Top ranked faculty, world class curriculum, and flexible for all., degree programs, explore our highly ranked programs at uc online, bachelor of science in medical laboratory science.

University of Cincinnati’s Online MLT-to-MLS Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory ... University of Cincinnati’s Online MLT-to-MLS Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science The online MLT-to-MLS Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science, offered by the University of Cincinnati College of Allied Health Sciences, is a convenient choice for those who have already completed an associate degree program in CLT or MLT. It allows students to complete their bachelor’s degree while balancing work and life responsibilities, providing the flexibility needed to remove traditional barriers to going back to school.

Master of Science in Medical Laboratory Science Leadership

A Master's in Medical Laboratory Science Leadership provides graduate-level professionals ... A Master's in Medical Laboratory Science Leadership provides graduate-level professionals and scholars the knowledge and skills needed to address the advances in high-complexity and specialized testing, administration, and educational needs in the diagnostic laboratory to maintain and improve the quality of healthcare nationwide.

Whether you're ready to become an MLS or a lab director, we have the degree you need to make it happen - on your terms.

UC's Programs prepare you for medical laboratory science careers at every level

Frequently Asked Questions

• Will my degree say UC Online? Toggle No. Your degree will be conferred by the University of Cincinnati, which will also be reflected on your transcripts and degree.
• Can I work while completing this program? Toggle Yes. The vast majority of our students work throughout their time in their academic program.
• How many classes do I have to take? Toggle 1 credit hour. Most students take between 3-6 credit hours (1-2 classes) each semester.
• Do I need an Associate degree to qualify for the BS MLS program? Toggle Yes. Students must have a completed associate degree to qualify.
• Do I need a Bachelor's to qualify for MS-MLSL? Toggle Yes. Students must have a bachelor's degree to qualify. An approved MLS/MLT certification (ASCP or equivalent) or 2 years lab experience is also required BEFORE entering the master's program.
• Is the Bachelor's degree accredited? Toggle Yes. The University of Cincinnati online Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science program is accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science (NAACLS)
• Is there a specific type of medical laboratory experience qualify for the UC Online programs? Toggle No. Laboratory experience from many backgrounds are accepted including, but not limited to microbiology, hematology, and cytotechnology.
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Medical Laboratory Science

Medical Laboratory Science is currently the "Highest Need" healthcare career field in South Dakota.

The annual national projection for employment is approximately 13,000 openings and academic programs currently graduate about 5,000 across the United States. The average pay in this region, as projected by the South Dakota Healthcare Workforce Initiative, is approximately $23 per hour for a nationally certified medical laboratory science professional.

Learn about

• Avera Health’s $40,000 Sponsorship Program for Medical Lab Science Students

Learn More About the MLS Program

• Listen to "Between Classes" Podcast

Medical Laboratory Science (B.S.) - On-Campus Program

Upward Mobility (MLT to MLS)

Medical Laboratory Science (B.S.) - Accelerated Program

A Medical Laboratory Science Degree that Opens Doors

According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, there is a projected 22% increase in employment for laboratory science professionals between 2012 and 2022— twice the rate of all other occupations. The salary for laboratory professionals varies with geographical location and training level; however, the American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP) 2013 wage survey in the United States indicates that the national average for a staff level MLS B.S. level professional is $56,430 per year and $77,113 per year at the supervisory level. Nationally salaries are considerably higher for those individuals who are lab directors or faculty members.

Medical laboratory scientists (MLS) are allied health professionals that work with other health care professionals to aid in patient care by performing laboratory tests that can help in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. A patient's medical history may be 70-80% laboratory testing. The tests performed by medical laboratory scientists uses advanced technology to perform testing on blood and body fluids in the areas of chemistry, microbiology, hematology, immunology, toxicology, blood banking and molecular procedures.

The demand is high for a medical laboratory science graduate and the SDSU program has a 100% job placement in a variety of settings.

SDSU Graduates of the MLS program are one of the most sought after healthcare professionals! SDSU is the only university NAACLS -accredited program in South Dakota!

The SDSU Medical Laboratory Science program is fully accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science NAACLS, 5600 N. River Rd. Suite 720, Rosemont, Illinois 60018-5119.

Program Director

Stacie Lansink

Department of Allied and Population Health

Medical Laboratory Science News

College of Pharmacy, Allied Health Professions faculty present at SDSU’s first SoTL Symposium

Sdsu’s phlebotomy certificate offers students unique opportunities in healthcare.

30 Best universities for Mechanical Engineering in Moscow, Russia

Updated: February 29, 2024

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Below is a list of best universities in Moscow ranked based on their research performance in Mechanical Engineering. A graph of 269K citations received by 45.8K academic papers made by 30 universities in Moscow was used to calculate publications' ratings, which then were adjusted for release dates and added to final scores.

We don't distinguish between undergraduate and graduate programs nor do we adjust for current majors offered. You can find information about granted degrees on a university page but always double-check with the university website.

1. Moscow State University

For Mechanical Engineering

2. Bauman Moscow State Technical University

3. National Research University Higher School of Economics

4. Moscow Aviation Institute

5. N.R.U. Moscow Power Engineering Institute

6. National Research Nuclear University MEPI

7. National University of Science and Technology "MISIS"

8. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

9. Moscow State Technological University "Stankin"

10. RUDN University

11. Moscow Polytech

12. Moscow State University of Railway Engineering

13. Finance Academy under the Government of the Russian Federation

14. Moscow Medical Academy

15. Russian State University of Oil and Gas

16. mendeleev university of chemical technology of russia.

17. Russian National Research Medical University

18. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics

19. National Research University of Electronic Technology

20. Moscow State Pedagogical University

21. Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration

22. State University of Management

23. Moscow State Institute of International Relations

24. Russian State Geological Prospecting University

25. russian state agricultural university.

26. New Economic School

27. Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation

28. Russian State University for the Humanities

29. Russian State Social University

30. Moscow State Linguistic University

Universities for Mechanical Engineering near Moscow

Engineering subfields in moscow.

Best Global Universities for Mechanical Engineering in Russia

These are the top universities in Russia for mechanical engineering, based on their reputation and research in the field. Read the methodology »

To unlock more data and access tools to help you get into your dream school, sign up for the  U.S. News College Compass !

Here are the best global universities for mechanical engineering in Russia

Tomsk polytechnic university.

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• # 74 in Best Universities for Mechanical Engineering
• # 879 in Best Global Universities  (tie)