phd in religious studies salary

Ph.D. in Religious Studies

Written by John Stafford

Masters of Arts in Religious Studies – University of Chicago

Upon earning a master’s degree in religious studies, graduates may choose to pursue a Ph.D. A graduate degree equips students with a particular set of skills and expertise that will enable them to conduct extensive research and build a career in their chosen field.

Especially in today’s globalized world, a Ph.D. in Religious Studies can deepen a student’s understanding of religion’s crucial role in politics and society. In addition to courses on religions in America, Asia, and Islam, students can study anthropology and religion in a global context.

Higher education enables graduates to refine their research and communication skills, opening up opportunities in academia, the private and public sectors, as well as in religious leadership. To find the best program that fits your interests and goals, it is important to investigate the various Ph.D. in religious studies programs available. 

What is Ph.D. in Religious Studies

A Ph.D. in Religious Studies program is an advanced academic degree program that builds on the knowledge gained through undergraduate and graduate studies. Research-intensive, it requires a high level of dedication and commitment to religion. Using different methodologies and perspectives, Ph.D. students can examine religious traditions from different cultures and societies in depth. 

As with a master’s degree, a Ph.D. in religious studies aims to equip students with a higher level of knowledge and expertise. Religion shapes social, cultural, and political systems in a complex and intricate manner.

How do you get a Ph.D. in Religious Studies?

It’s time to apply for a Ph.D. program now that you have decided to pursue a higher level of education in religious studies after completing your master’s degree. The following steps will help you through the application process for a Ph.D. in Religious Studies.

Transcripts

You need to supply official transcripts from all your undergraduate and graduate institutions when applying to a Ph.D. program in Religious Studies. Obtaining an admission to a Religious Studies Ph.D. program depends heavily on your official transcripts, which demonstrate your academic performance. 

Request official transcripts from each institution you attended and submit them to the programs you’re applying to.

Letters of Recommendation

Three letters of recommendation from individuals who can speak to your academic ability and potential are usually required by most programs. Request letters of recommendation from individuals who are able to comment on your academic ability and potential. Be sure to provide them with all necessary information, such as deadlines and instructions for submitting the letters, so that they have plenty of time to write them.

Statement of Purpose

A compelling statement of purpose is essential to a Ph.D. application in Religious Studies. It gives the admissions committee an idea of your academic and research interests, goals, and motivations. Your unique perspective and passion for the field can be highlighted in a well-written statement of purpose, which will help you stand out from other applicants.

GRE scores may be required as part of the application process for some Ph.D. programs. Although not all programs require GRE scores, submitting high scores can strengthen your application. The GRE is a standardized test that measures your verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing skills.

Writing Samples

Writing samples are required in many programs as part of the application process. These samples should demonstrate your ability to conduct research, write, and contribute to religious studies. Typically, you’ll be asked to submit a sample of your academic writing, such as a research paper or thesis chapter. Just make sure you proofread your sample and make sure it complies with any formatting requirements.

Structure of Religious Studies Ph.D. Programs

If you are interested in pursuing a rewarding career in Religious Studies, a Ph.D. program might be right for you. The program typically consists of three core components: coursework, research, and teaching. Continue reading to find out more about what you can expect.

As PhD students, you will have the opportunity to conduct original research in your chosen field. In addition to adding value to the field, students also demonstrate their ability to conduct meticulous and thorough research as they undertake fieldwork, data collection, and analysis. 

A requirement of their Ph.D. program in Religious Studies is that students conduct original research in their area of specialization in order to complete their dissertation. Students establish themselves as experts in their field when they can conduct rigorous research and demonstrate a deep understanding of their area of interest.

As part of many programs, students are required to acquire teaching experience by serving as teaching assistants or instructors for undergraduate courses.

Courses in PhD Religious Studies

A PhD program in Religious Studies requires a variety of specific courses. The courses you take may vary depending on the institution, the area of specialization, and other factors. However, a few of the courses offered by Religious Studies Ph.D. programs are:

History of Religion

Ph.D. programs in Religious Studies provide a comprehensive study of the historical development of several religious traditions through the course History of Religion. Through this course, you will learn about the origins, key figures, and significant events that have shaped religions over the centuries. 

By studying religion’s history, students gain a deeper understanding of the contexts and influences that shape religious beliefs and practices over time. By using this knowledge, they can improve their research skills and enhance their overall knowledge of the field of Religious Studies.

Theology and Philosophy of Religion

Theology and Philosophy of Religion is another course offered in Ph.D. programs in Religious Studies. In this course, we will explore fundamental questions about God, religious belief, and the relationship between faith and reason, as well as the theoretical and philosophical aspects of religion.

The course may also cover the historical development of philosophical and theological traditions such as Aristotelianism, Thomism, and Kant, as well as contemporary debates within these traditions. 

Comparative Religion

For those pursuing a Ph.D. in Religious Studies, one course to look forward to is Comparative Religion. This fascinating course delves into the study of various religious traditions across cultures and regions, analyzing their beliefs, practices, and cultural contexts. 

Through the lens of comparison, students explore similarities and differences between religions, and how these can contribute to a deeper understanding of religion’s role in society. 

Religion and Society

Religion and Society is a course in Religious Studies that examines the relationship between religion and society. Various social structures, institutions, and practices, such as politics, economics, gender, race, and culture, are examined in relation to religion as well as how religion affects and is affected by them.

Taking a close look at religion in its social context can help students gain a deeper understanding of the role religion plays in our world, as well as how it might have a positive or negative impact on society.

Mysticism and Spirituality

As a means of providing insight into the subjective experiences of individuals within different religious traditions, mysticism and spirituality are essential for scholars in religious studies. This course helps students understand how personal experiences, emotions, and intuition shape religious beliefs and practices. 

Moreover, this course can help students acquire a deeper understanding of cultural and regional diversity in terms of religious experiences and practices.

Religious Literature

In this course, you will explore the written works that have shaped religious traditions across cultures and regions. From the Bible to the Quran, the Bhagavad Gita to the Tao Te Ching, you will examine the texts that have influenced religious beliefs, practices, and identities. 

You will gain a deeper understanding of the cultural and historical contexts shaped by religious literature and the religious traditions it represents by studying it. As a result, your research and overall expertise in the field of religious studies will be enriched, giving you a more comprehensive understanding of the role religion plays in shaping the world around us.

Religion and the Environment

Want to explore the fascinating relationship between religion and the natural world? Look no further than “Religion and the Environment” – a course offered in many Ph.D. programs in Religious Studies. 

As well as providing a unique understanding of how religion has played a role in promoting environmental stewardship and sustainability, this course examines how environmental concerns have become central to many religious traditions. Taking a closer look at the complex connections between religion, culture, and the environment offers students valuable insight into the current problems facing our world.

Religion and Conflict

Through this course, students explore how religious beliefs and practices can often become intertwined with political, economic, and social issues, resulting in conflict and unrest. Additionally, they examine case studies from around the world to illustrate how religion can be used to resolve conflict and build peace.

Ph.D. in Religious Studies (On-Campus & Online)

You can find suitable programs locally or online that suit your needs. To learn more, view the list below and contact the admissions office.

• Vanderbilt University – Ph.D. in Religion

Those interested in advanced study in religious studies can pursue a Ph.D. in Religion at Vanderbilt University. Admission requirements include a Bachelor’s degree or equivalent, strong academic performance, research experience, and a detailed research proposal. As part of the application process, the university also considers letters of recommendation, personal statements, and GRE scores.

Students are required to complete a minimum of 72 credit hours of coursework, as well as a dissertation based on original research. They may also have the opportunity to participate in research projects and colloquia, attend conferences and workshops, and gain teaching experience as graduate assistants.

• Catholic University of America – Ph.D. in Religion and Culture

An academic program that prepares students for careers in research and teaching is the Ph.D. in Religion and Culture offered by the Catholic University of America. This program provides students with the necessary tools to analyze and interpret religion and culture in society as well as a broad understanding of the intersection between religion and culture.

The program requires a completed application, official transcripts of all undergraduate and graduate work, GRE scores, a writing sample, and three letters of recommendation. Applicants must have a minimum 3.0 GPA in previous academic work.

In addition to required classes in theology, religious studies, philosophy, and cultural studies, students must complete 72 credits of coursework. In addition to a comprehensive exam, students need to write a dissertation.

• Oral Roberts University – Ph.D. in Contextual Theology

You can earn an online PhD in Contextual Theology from Oral Roberts University. In addition to the inspiration of the Bible by the Holy Spirit and the history of Christian doctrine, the program also examines four facets of theological reflection. In addition, it examines global trends in Spirit-empowered Christianity as well as the cultural context of particular nations or regions. The university also offers an online Christian counseling degree for students interested in this career field. Oral Roberts University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

• Regent University – Ph.D. in Renewal Theology

Getting a PhD in Renewal Theology from Regent University involves adding four concentrations: Biblical Studies, Christian Theology, Church History, or Practical Theology. In order to graduate, you need 60 credits. You need a master’s degree and a recommendation from a clergy member. The Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools accredits Regent University.

• Christian Leadership University – Doctor of Theology

It takes 60 credits, an internship at a ministry, and a dissertation or ministry project to get a Doctor of Theology at Christian Leadership University. You can transfer 20 credits from previous courses and life experiences. Christian Leadership University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. You have to have an on-campus or online master’s in theology.

• Columbia International University – Doctor of Philosophy in Theological Studies

Students can complete the Doctor of Philosophy in Theological Studies online at Columbia International University in three years. Of the 45 credit hours required to graduate, 36 of them come from completing a dissertation. The Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools requires applicants to have a master’s degree with a minimum GPA of 3.5 and 2 academic references, as well as to complete an interview.

• Evangelical Seminary – Doctor of Theology

A Doctor of Theology degree can be obtained in three years at the Evangelical Seminary, which requires 39 credit hours. The degree can be earned in 11 different tracks, including the Personhood Track and the Biblical Track. A master’s degree with a minimum GPA of 3.0 is required for applicants. Evangelical Seminary is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

What can you do with a Ph.D. in Religious Studies?

It is possible to find employment in a variety of ways as a Religious Studies Ph.D. holder. Here are some examples:

I. Academia

If you choose the academic career path and have a Ph.D. in religious studies, you may be able to:

• University Professor: With a Ph.D., you can become a professor or faculty member at a college or university, teaching courses in religious studies, theology, ethics, or related fields. You would also have the opportunity to conduct research, publish academic papers, and contribute to the academic community.
• Religious Educator: You could teach religious education at the secondary school level or in faith-based institutions, providing students with a deeper understanding of different religious traditions and ethical principles.
• Researcher: Many research organizations, think tanks, and academic institutions hire individuals with Ph.D. degrees to conduct in-depth research on religious topics, cultural trends, and social issues. Your research could contribute to a deeper understanding of religious practices, beliefs, and their impact on society.
• Public Speaking and Lecturing: With a Ph.D., you could become a public speaker, delivering lectures, seminars, and workshops on religious and ethical subjects to diverse audiences.

II. Nonprofit Organizations

PhDs in Religious Studies are also suited to work in nonprofit organizations focused on religion, such as:

• Nonprofit or NGO Work: Religious studies graduates can work in nonprofit organizations or NGOs that focus on social justice, humanitarian work, advocacy, and community development, leveraging their understanding of religious contexts and ethical principles.

III. Government

Also, Religious Studies PhDs can work in government agencies that specialize in religious and cultural matters, including:

• Museum and Exhibition Curator: Museums and cultural institutions sometimes hire religious studies scholars to curate exhibitions and educational programs related to religion, spirituality, and cultural heritage.
• Consulting and Advising: You could work as a consultant or advisor for organizations, businesses, or individuals seeking to understand religious customs, beliefs, and practices for various purposes, such as marketing or cross-cultural communication.

IV. Media and Communications

In addition to their expertise in religious and cultural issues, Religious Studies Ph.D. graduates may also find careers in media and communications. Potential roles include:

• Author and Writer: A Ph.D. can provide you with the expertise to write scholarly articles, books, and other publications on religious and theological subjects. You might contribute to academic journals, popular magazines, or even write books that engage a broader audience.
• Cultural Consultant: Corporations, government agencies, and international organizations often require experts in religious and cultural matters to provide insights into global business practices, policies, and diplomatic relations.
• Media and Journalism: Religious studies experts can contribute to media outlets by providing commentary, analysis, and insights on religious topics, cultural shifts, and ethical issues.

V. Church Settings

It is also possible to use the knowledge of religion and culture gained through a PhD in Religious Studies to implement in church settings. Potential roles include:

• Interfaith Dialogue Coordinator: With a strong understanding of various religious traditions, you could work as an interfaith dialogue coordinator, fostering understanding and collaboration among people from different faith backgrounds.
• Chaplain: Some institutions, such as hospitals, military organizations, universities, and correctional facilities, hire chaplains with advanced degrees in religious studies to provide spiritual support and guidance to individuals in various settings.

Frequently Asked Questions

• How long does a PhD in Religious Studies take?

On average, the program requires three years of full-time study, during which students conduct extensive research on a specific topic that culminates in a thesis of no more than 80,000 words. For those who prefer a more flexible approach, it is possible to complete the degree part-time over a period of five years.

• Is religious studies the same as philosophy?

While Religious Studies and Philosophy share some topics, they have distinct focuses. They are related, but not the same. Religion Studies is the study of different religions, beliefs, practices, and their impact on society and culture. 

Unlike philosophy, which examines fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, ethics, and logic, it examines different faiths, rituals, texts, and historical contexts. In spite of philosophy of religion intersecting with Religious Studies, philosophy in general covers a wide range of topics.

• phd in religious studies salary?

According to PayScale , the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in Religious Studies commands an average base salary of $68,000 per year

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What to Know About a Career in Religious Studies

Matthew Sweeney

Contributing Writer

Learn about our editorial process .

Updated October 11, 2023 · 4 Min Read

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Are you ready to discover your college program?

Whether you plan to work in a religious institution, for the government, or in the private sector, a religious studies degree can set you on a rewarding career path.

Among majors that appeal to spiritual people, religious studies offers perhaps the most interesting post-graduation prospects. Religious studies careers include spiritually rewarding vocations like clergy, researcher, and educator.

According to Payscale , the average salary for a graduate with a master's in religious studies is approximately $61,000. Read on to learn more about what to expect from a career in religious studies.

What Do Religious Studies Professionals Do?

Religious studies professionals contribute to society by providing counseling services, working as educators, and serving as religious functionaries, like priests or nuns. Their clientele may include congregants, traditional and nontraditional students, or patients.

Religious studies professionals can work in nonprofits, religious institutions, schools, and government agencies. A religious studies degree can also translate to less immediately related fields, especially when earned as part of a double major.

Due to the nature of their work, religious studies professionals are typically empathetic and understanding. They also need strong communication skills in order to reach their constituents, students, or patients. Finally, religious studies graduates generally have strong rhetorical skills and a passion for research and philosophy.

What Jobs Can You Get With a Religious Studies Degree?

A religious studies degree can help you pursue jobs in the humanities or prepare you for ordainment and endorsement as clergy in your faith group. A postgraduate religious studies degree can even prepare you for work as a professor of religion or theology.

How to Become a Religious Studies Professional

Becoming a religious studies professional requires you to earn a religious studies or theology degree from a 4-year college. Then, you may need additional training at a nonsecular school, like a theology college.

Sometimes a 4-year religious studies degree by itself is enough to start a career as a religious worker or similar professional in your faith group, but exact requirements vary by faith.

It typically takes 2-4 years to earn a religious studies degree at most universities, depending on the level of education and whether you take courses part or full time. Course offerings usually cover world religions, philosophy of religion, and history of religion.

Some students earn a religious studies degree as part of a double major. This works well due to the interdisciplinary nature of the degree. Some religious studies careers even encourage or require additional training or education in outside subjects. For instance, while a religious studies degree can prepare you for a career as a religious activities director, some employers might want candidates to hold a management degree as well.

It is also common for religious studies programs to offer internship opportunities or residencies with nonprofits, government agencies, or schools.

A religious studies degree partly completes basic requirements for joining the clergy in a variety of faith groups, but becoming a fully ordained and endorsed clergy member often requires additional education and training in a nonsecular setting, such as a divinity school for priests.

What to Look for in a Program

When choosing a religious studies degree, it's best to limit your search to programs from regionally accredited colleges and universities, although some divinity schools are nationally accredited.

Also, check out whether a program focuses on a particular faith group. Programs that skew to one faith may not adequately familiarize you with a broad religious history or philosophy, or you may find yourself in a program that doesn't support your own faith. It's also a good idea to check if electives or concentrations cover the topics that interest you.

Similar Careers

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Military Chaplain

Military chaplains are commissioned officers who provide spiritual counsel for their fellow service members. Most branches of the military require chaplains to fit within required age limits and to have an ecclesiastical endorsement from their faith group or denomination -- not necessarily a degree. Clergy members with a military background often choose this career path.

Social and Community Service Managers

Social and community service managers sometimes start off as religious studies majors, especially those working in religious organizations. These specialized managers help handle the daily business and organizational functions of social welfare programs and service organizations. This job usually requires only a bachelor's degree.

Social Workers

Social workers help provide advocacy and counseling for underserved members of society, such as low-income families or people who are incarcerated. This mission closely resembles the work done by clergy and other religious functionaries, so religious studies graduates are often drawn to these roles. Some social workers double major in religious studies and social work, espcially if they plan to work for a religious service organization.

Religious Studies Professional Organizations

Frequently asked questions.

A religious studies degree prepares you to work as a religious worker, functionary, or religious activities manager, but it can also boost your credentials in other humanities fields, like social work or administration.

How Do I Become a Religious Studies Professor?

In order to become a religious studies professor, you must earn a Ph.D. in religious studies. No occupation-specific certification is required for religious studies professors.

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Phd in theology: requirements, salary, jobs, & career growth, what is phd in theology.

A Ph.D. in Theology is a high-level academic degree that focuses on religious ideas, practices, and traditions.

It is the highest level of study available in the field of theology and is often undertaken by those who aspire to become experts in the topic or seek a career in academia.

The curriculum normally takes 3-5 years to finish and requires a large amount of research, critical analysis, and independent study.

A Ph.D. in Theology program may include courses in theology and culture, philosophy of religion, biblical studies, church history, ethics, and comparative religion.

How much money do people make with a PhD in Theology?

Salary for a Ph.D. in Theology might vary depending on criteria such as the individual’s experience, the location of the work, the type of employer, and the precise job duties.

Individuals with a Ph.D. in Theology can become professors or researchers in academia, with salaries ranging from $50,000 to $100,000 per year depending on experience, rank, and institution.

Religious leaders, such as pastors, priests, or ministers, may also have a Ph.D. in Theology, however their compensation is often determined by the size and location of the congregation, ranging from $30,000 to $100,000 or more per year.

Individuals with a Ph.D. in Theology may also work in non-profit organizations, where annual salaries can range between $40,000 and $80,000, depending on the type of organization and the individual’s role.

What is expected job growth with PhD in Theology?

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), job growth for professors and researchers in theology is predicted to be modest, with a projected growth rate of roughly 5% from 2020-2030. This can, however, vary based on the individual topic of study and the need for knowledge in that sector.

According to the BLS, job growth for religious leaders such as pastors, priests, or ministers is expected to be constant, with a growth rate of roughly 4% from 2020 to 2030. However, job growth may vary depending on the congregation’s location and size.

Individuals with a Ph.D. in Theology who work in non-profit organizations may also see consistent job growth, as there is a high demand for people with expertise in religious studies and related fields.

What can you do with a PhD in Theology?

There are various career paths that individuals with a Ph.D. in Theology can pursue.

1. Academic Career: Many people with a Ph.D. in Theology go on to work as professors or researchers. They can teach theology or religious studies courses at universities, seminaries, or other institutions of higher learning. They may also conduct research and publish the results in scholarly publications and books.

2. Religious Leadership: Theology Ph.D. holders can work as pastors, priests, or ministers. They may also work in religious groups in chaplaincy, counseling, or other capacities. A Ph.D. in Theology can provide a thorough study of religious literature, history, and dogma, which can be useful in various positions of leadership.

3. Non-profit Organizations: Individuals with a Ph.D. in Theology can work in non-profit organizations focusing on religion, social justice, or other related issues. They may work as researchers, program administrators, or in other positions that necessitate a thorough knowledge of religious studies.

4. Publishing and writing: Theology Ph.D. holders may work as writers, editors, or publishers. They can contribute to the area and educate others by writing books, essays, and other publications relevant to religious studies.

5. Consulting: Individuals with a Ph.D. in Theology may work as consultants for organizations that require religious studies expertise. They may offer suggestions on how to include religious diversity into their work or create religiously aware policy.

What are the requirements for a PhD in Theology?

The specific requirements for obtaining a PhD in Theology can vary depending on the institution and program, but generally, the following are common requirements:

1. Bachelor’s or Master’s Degree: Applicants to most PhD programs in Theology must have a Bachelor’s degree from a recognized university. Although it is not usually required, certain schools may accept applicants with a Master’s degree in a related discipline.

2. Academic Transcripts: Applicants are usually expected to present certified transcripts of their undergraduate and graduate education, which demonstrate their academic performance and achievement.

3. Statement of Purpose: Applicants are typically expected to provide a personal statement or statement of purpose detailing their research interests, academic ambitions, and reason for pursuing a PhD in Theology.

4. Standardized Test Scores: Applicants to many PhD programs may be required to submit scores from standardized tests such as the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or other related assessments.

5. Letters of Recommendation: Applicants to PhD programs in Theology are frequently required to provide letters of recommendation from academic or professional sources who may speak to the applicant’s academic talents, research potential, and eligibility for a PhD program.

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How long does it take to get a phd in theology.

The length of time it takes to earn a Ph.D. in Theology varies based on the program and the individual’s circumstances.

A Ph.D. in Theology degree typically takes 3-5 years to complete, but this can vary based on factors such as program structure, student progress, and dissertation requirements.

Furthermore, some programs may offer part-time or online options, allowing students to complete the program at their own pace while working or attending to other responsibilities.

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Do you need a masters in theology to get a phd in theology.

A Master’s degree in Theology or a similar discipline is usually required to pursue a Ph.D. in Theology. This is due to the fact that a Ph.D. degree in Theology builds on the knowledge and skills earned in a Master’s program.

Furthermore, many Theology Ph.D. programs require applicants to have a Master’s degree in Theology or a related field as a prerequisite for admission.

Some Ph.D. programs in Theology, on the other hand, may offer combined Master’s and Ph.D. programs, allowing students to complete both degrees concurrently.

Students can enter the program with a Bachelor’s degree and achieve both degrees in one integrated program in certain instances.

What are the Best PhD in Theology Degree programs?

1. duke university – ph.d. in theology 2. university of notre dame – ph.d. in theology 3. yale university – ph.d. in religious studies 4. princeton university – ph.d. in religion 5. harvard university – ph.d. in religion 6. university of chicago – ph.d. in theology 7. vanderbilt university – ph.d. in religion 8. emory university – ph.d. in religion 9. boston college – ph.d. in theology and education 10. university of california, berkeley – ph.d. in religious studies, leave a comment cancel reply.

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How much does a Professor Of Religious Studies make in the United States?

• Professor Of Religious Studies Salary The average Professor Of Religious Studies salary in the United States is $109,208 as of March 26, 2024. The range for our most popular Professor Of Religious Studies positions (listed below) typically falls between $77,371 and $141,045. Keep in mind that salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors, including position, education, certifications, additional skills, and the number of years you have spent in your profession. With more online, real-time compensation data than any other website, Salary.com helps you determine your exact pay target.
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• Religious Educator Religious Educator conducts religious education courses. Responsible for preparing and delivering lectures, and leading and moderating discussion. Being a Religious Educator may work from religious texts or standardized course templates. Evaluates and monitors student's performance, and helps students identify and pursue personal goals. Additionally, Religious Educator assesses and documents students' progress. Typically requires a bachelor's degree. Typically reports to an associate pastor or pastor. The Religious Educator work is closely managed. Works on projects/matters of limited complexity in a support role. To be a Religious Educator typically requires 0-2 years of related experience. View Religious Educator Salary Alternate Job Titles :Religious Education Teacher, Religious Teacher Categories : Clergy , Education , Non-Profit and Social Services

How much money can you make with a religious studies degree?

Which careers have the most earning potential for religious studies graduates?

After graduation, religious studies graduates typically earn high salaries compared to the national average. Top earners make $ 93,482 , while the bottom 20% make close r to $ 27,072 . The median grad salary is $ 50,306 .

Religious Studies graduate salaries over time

The typical early career salary for someone with a bachelor’s degree in religious studies is $ 39,348 , and within five years of graduation, this average salary goes up to $ 41,020 .

This chart maps the average workforce wage by years of experience:

Wage ($USD)

Years of work experience.

Pro tip Still unsure if a degree in religious studies is your calling? Read our comprehensive guide on choosing a career

Discover what you’ll learn—and what you can do after you graduate.

Religious Studies

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Ph.D. in Religious Studies

General info.

• Faculty working with students: 43
• Students: 45
• Students receiving Financial Aid: 100%
• Part time study available: No
• Application terms: Fall
• Application deadlines: December 13

Ross Wagner Director of Graduate Studies Graduate Program in Religion Duke University Box 90964 Durham, NC 27708-0964 Phone: (919) 660-3512

Email:  [email protected]

Website: http://graduateprograminreligion.duke.edu

Program Description

The Graduate Program in Religion offers degrees in the following fields: American Religion; Asian Religions; Christian Theological Studies; Early Christianity; Hebrew Bible/Old Testament; History of Judaism; Islamic Studies; New Testament; Religion, Aesthetics, & Society; and World Christianity. Each field is described in detail on the web site where a field convener also is listed ( http://www.duke.edu/web/gradreligion ). Inquiries related to specific fields should be directed to that individual. Applicants should make clear the specific area in which they wish to concentrate (for example, Medieval Islam, early Judaism, contemporary Christian ethics).

Students are required to take an internal and/or an external minor, which gives them the opportunity to work in areas that complement their primary intellectual agenda, both within the religion program as well as in areas outside the program (see GPR website for details by field). This structure allows students not only to strengthen their dissertation area, but also prepares them to be teachers and scholars. Because the program draws on the Department of Religious Studies, the Divinity School, and other departments and professional schools in the University, it offers one of the most rigorous and wide-ranging Ph.D.'s in the country. An excellent job placement record has helped graduates obtain positions not only in teaching, but also in ministry, in publishing, and in educational administration.

• Religion: PhD Admissions and Enrollment Statisics
• Religion: PhD Completion Rate Statistics
• Religion: PhD Time to Degree Statistics
• Religion: PhD Career Outcomes Statistics

Application Information

Application Terms Available:  Fall

Application Deadlines:  December 13

Graduate School Application Requirements See the Application Instructions page for important details about each Graduate School requirement.

• Transcripts: Unofficial transcripts required with application submission; official transcripts required upon admission
• Letters of Recommendation: 3 Required
• Statement of Purpose: Required (See departmental guidance below)
• Résumé: Required
• GRE Scores: GRE General (Optional)
• English Language Exam: TOEFL, IELTS, or Duolingo English Test required* for applicants whose first language is not English *test waiver may apply for some applicants
• GPA: Undergraduate GPA calculated on 4.0 scale required
• Writing Sample: Required (See departmental guidance below)

Statement of Purpose Guidelines Your application statement should clearly match your interest with the resources of faculty in the GPR. You must apply to one track within the program and your interests need to overlap with those among the track’s faculty. It is important to know that Duke University highly values interdisciplinary study, so demonstrating how your interests will also be served by the strength of faculty in other programs at Duke is something to include in your statement. You will be evaluated in terms of how your intellectual interests match our strengths. So indicating what areas of study you want to work in, what intellectual skills you wish to acquire through coursework and research will be very relevant.

Writing Sample A sample of scholarly work of 15-20 pages, double spaced, should be submitted as part of the application.

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Top 26 Theology Careers [+ Salary Info]

• Career Benefits

How to Start Your Theological Career

• Best Degree Options
• Employers Who Look for a Theology Degree
• Theology vs. Ministry

Unless you plan to enter the clergy, you may wonder — what can you do with a theology degree? It just so happens that the study of theology provides an incredibly valuable, interdisciplinary skillset that’s ideal for a range of careers.  

Most course content within a college theology program will focus on the study of religion, its effect on world cultures, and the interpretation and analysis of religious texts. Theology students not only build a strong academic connection to their faith, but also hone their skills in critical thinking, analysis, communication, logical debate, research, and maintaining objectivity. 

Graduates with theology degrees are attractive job candidates for churches and religious organizations, as well as for some law firms, schools and universities, nonprofits, and health systems. In truth, there is no shortage of workplaces that are looking for job candidates with a background in theology, especially if they have an advanced degree. 

Read on to discover dozens more professional opportunities for those with a theology degree.

The Intersection of Theology and Work [Career Benefits]

Theological instruction is not limited to the study of faith; students of theology learn and practice a great number of valuable skills that transcend subject matter. Skills like critical thinking, oral and written communication, research, and logical analysis prepare graduates of a theological studies program to enter dozens, if not hundreds, of faith-based or secular careers.

In fact, because of their academic foundation in critical thinking and analysis, theological program graduates tend to perform exceptionally well on assessments like the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or Law School Admission Test (LSAT). Theological studies also emphasize acceptance and understanding of different cultures, so graduates often find themselves entering the competitive international job market with a wide range of practical skills. 

Many people who enter a theological studies master’s program possess innate characteristics that lead them to choose this field of study. Empathy, compassion, patience, and a love of helping others are common traits among theology students that can’t be taught via textbook or lecture. As a result, many graduates go on to enter helping professions, including counselor, military chaplain, or hospice nurse.

Explore the top religious and secular careers available to graduates with a theology degree. The salary estimates below are based on U.S. job openings (ca. 2021) on Indeed.com , Comparably.com , and Salary.com . People in these professions may see a significant increase in salary depending on experience or location. Please be aware that many of these positions will require additional schooling or training.

• Chaplain/cleric (military, hospice, hospital, police, etc.) – $50,000: Offers spiritual guidance and comfort to people within a specific setting or profession, such as a hospital or police force. 
• Church administrator – $33,000: Fulfills administrative duties within a parish as a secretary, treasurer, religious education director, etc. 
• Minister/priest/pastor/clergy member – $43,000: Leads parishes and congregations in worship and attends to parish administrative duties. Requires a Master of Divinity (MDiv) and ordination.
• Missionary – $79,000: Spreads the word of Christian faiths to communities both local and international.
• Music director – $31,000: Coordinates and executes liturgical and music programs within a parish. 
• Religion or theology professor/university lecturer – $55,000: Teaches religion or theology at a secular or religious university. Becoming a theology professor requires a PhD (though some community and Bible colleges accept a Master of Theological Studies, or MTS).
• Religious studies teacher/teacher at a religious school – $48,000: Teaches religion at the K–12 levels, or teaches other core subjects within a religious framework. 
• Youth pastor – $38,000: Provides spiritual guidance and programming to people age 18 and under in a camp, academic, or community setting. 
• Bereavement coordinator – $59,000: Coordinates grief counseling or funerary services for those who have lost a loved one or are dealing with tragedy.
• Anthropologist – $72,000: Studies the human race through historical artifacts, written records, current behavior, biology, linguistics, and more. 
• Archaeologist – $59,000: Studies natural or human history as evidenced by physical artifacts. 
• Counselor (marriage, family, grief, youth, domestic violence, trauma, etc.) – $30,000: Provides therapeutic support to those in need of personal, social, or psychological guidance. 
• Diplomat – $97,000: A representative appointed by their home country and tasked with maintaining political, social, and economic relations with other countries.  

Seven Applications Faith In the Workplace [With a Master of Theological Studies Degree] – Get the Guide >>

• Ethicist – $74,000: Studies and advises on ethical matters, either in a scholarly or professional context. 
• Funeral director – $63,000: Coordinates all events and services conducted by a funeral home. 
• Historian – $80,000: Studies and presents on historical matters for educational and research purposes. 
• Archivist – $60,000: Collects, studies, organizes, and maintains records and artifacts that have long-term value. Some religious congregations hire archivists to maintain their texts and other items of significance.
• Humanitarian aid worker – $75,000: May work with a nonprofit or other organization dedicated to distributing aid, including community development, disaster relief, medical supplies, food, etc.
• International social worker – $57,000 : Provides cross-cultural (and perhaps multilingual) social support to individuals and communities in need in multiple countries. 
• Writer – $60,000: The formats and contexts are limitless within this profession. Freelance writers can submit articles on faith, religious practice, and the Catholic tradition to popular publications such as America, St. Anthony Messenger Press, NCR, etc. 
• Journalist – $38,000: Collects information and presents it in a newsworthy format to the public. Journalists with a background in theology can act as religious correspondents to major news outlets or regular contributors to magazines and online publications. Wartime correspondents may especially benefit from theological foundation, since many international and intercultural conflicts have a religious element. 
• Non-governmental organization (NGO) worker – $31,000: These national and international organizations are government-agnostic, and often provide humanitarian or social services. They need to fill many of the same positions as a typical company, including accountants, administrators, or project managers.  
• Non-profit worker – $56,000: Positions can range from the volunteer to the executive level, and can involve fundraising, event planning, advocating, or communicating with lawmakers and the media. 
• Social worker – $57,000: Provides social services to individuals, families, children, and at-risk communities. 
• Teacher – $60,000: No matter the subject or grade level, theology provides an excellent foundation in communication and critical thinking in a classroom setting. 
• Police officer/civil service – $53,000: Responsible for protecting civilians and upholding the law.  

Other professions to consider

Though these careers may have no direct link to faith, many graduates with a theology degree seek to become healthcare administrators, health care workers (with additional education), administrators in higher education, or retreat facilitators or administrators.

Earning a theology degree can be a very intentional step toward a specific profession, but it’s also a common choice for people who are searching for their next purpose. No matter your professional or personal goals, if you choose to earn a degree in theology, it’s likely that you have a strong connection to your faith. 

As you examine your priorities, it’s important that you check in with your commitment as it pertains to your faith: Do you feel called to serve in a church or diocese, or would you rather serve your faith in a more secular capacity? 

Whether you want to teach, preach, or follow your faith in other ways, be aware that many possible career paths require additional schooling or certifications; for example, parish ministry requires that you earn an MDiv and become ordained, while teaching at the university level requires a PhD. Specific professions such as hospital chaplaincy or youth ministry may also require that you complete an internship or practical hours onsite at a facility. 

It helps to talk with others who have the kinds of careers you want, and ask them how they reached their professional goals. Theology program faculty and alumni are great resources for career guidance. You may also join or volunteer at a local church, faith-based nonprofit, or other organization that performs the kind of work you’re interested in. 

There are plenty of faith-based professional organizations that offer professional development, networking opportunities, and other career resources for theology majors. Organizations to explore include:

• The Young Catholic Professionals is a community of business owners, educators, and influential young people in their 20s and 30s who work to spread the word of Christ through local networking chapters. 
• The Association of Youth Ministry Educators (AYME) is committed to developing the next generation of youth ministers through networking, scholarly contributions, and critical engagement with the practice of youth ministry.
• The Knights of Columbus is a Catholic brotherhood that puts faith into charitable action by volunteering, fundraising, sponsoring, and giving back to their communities. 
• As the world’s largest society dedicated to the academic study of religion, the American Academy of Religion connects scholars for collaboration, discussion, networking, and professional development.
• The National Association of Pastoral Musicians is dedicated to fostering the art of musical liturgy in Catholic communities across the U.S.
• The Association of Theological Schools (ATS) , which accredits theology programs in the U.S. and Canada, maintains an online community for students and scholars to connect, share ideas, and network.
• Palliative care organizations , such as the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association (HPNA) and Caring Connections . 

Other organizations and communities to be aware of as you begin your professional journey include: 

• Christian Community Development Association
• National Association of Catholic Chaplains
• National Black Catholic Congress
• National Catholic Partnership on Disability
• Society of Biblical Literature
• Society of Professors in Christian Education

What Are the Best Degree Options for Theology Careers?

Since there are so many possible career options with a master’s degree in theology, your chosen professional path may be informed by the kind of programs you enter.

Bachelor’s Degree Programs (3–4 years)

• Religious Studies: This type of undergraduate program usually takes a broad approach to religions, and is tailored to students who wish to study multiple world religions, their cultural significance, and historical and contemporary impact.
• Philosophy: Undergraduate philosophy students learn the basic principles of logic and reasoning while building their skills of analysis, critical thinking, written and oral communication, and constructing logical arguments. Besides a B.A. in Religious Studies, this is the ideal preparation for seminary or a master’s degree in Theological Studies.  

Master’s Degree Programs

• Theological Studies (2 years): This academic master’s degree program examines the languages, beliefs, history, and cultural impact of religion throughout the centuries and today. Programs are often informed by one central faith, which provides a lens through which course material is interpreted. 
• Ministry (2 years): Master of Ministry programs often have a broader focus on the Christian “ministerial arts,” and can include elements of theology, philosophy, Bible study and interpretation, and liberal arts like communication and education. Additional certification or schooling may be required to enter teaching positions. 
• Divinity (3 years): A Master of Divinity (MDiv) is typically required to enter active Christian ministry. Most MDiv programs will focus on a specific denomination and may include temporary, supervised placement in a parish. The MDiv is the most common professional degree for those pursuing ministry in North America.
• Seminary (3–4 years): This is an institution designed specifically to prepare students for the clergy. A seminary student will study theology, hone their ministerial skills, and analyze scripture within a specific Christian denomination, after which graduates will begin the process of ordination. A bachelor’s degree is required for entry.
• Juris Doctor (3 years): As mentioned above, theology’s focus on critical thinking and objectivity is well-suited to students who are interested in pursuing law degrees. Many students of theology go on to earn this graduate-level degree in preparation for becoming lawyers.  
• PhD (4–8 years): Theology students can earn a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in any field they desire after earning their master’s degree. A PhD enables graduates to teach at the university level within their chosen field.

9 Employers Who Look for a Theology Degree

It likely comes as no surprise that most churches and religious groups prefer job candidates to hold a bachelor’s or master’s degree in a relevant field. However, since a degree in theological studies or ministry implies so many interdisciplinary skills, employers like to see this type of experience on an applicant’s resume. 

See overview:  University of San Diego – Master of Theological Studies

Some types of employers who seek theology students include:

• Catholic or other Christian lay organizations
• College divinity departments
• Faith-based nonprofits
• Hospice care coordinators
• Hospital chaplaincy programs
• Religious camp organizers
• Religious primary and secondary schools

Careers with a Degree in Theology vs. Ministry

Master of Theological Studies Careers

As mentioned above, a Master of Theological Studies (MTS) is considered an academic degree, as opposed to a professional degree. As such, it is research-focused and typically requires a capstone or thesis component. Though this degree is not tailored specifically to one profession, an MTS can prepare graduates for teaching religion at the elementary, high school, or community college level.

Other potential career paths include: 

• Civil servant
• Community ministry (youth, college campus, camp, etc.)
• Diocesan catechetical leader 
• Director of diocesan media and communications
• Director of youth ministry
• Further academic research
• Health care professional 
• Military chaplain
• Nonprofit leader
• Parish support
• Religious coordinator

Master of Ministry Careers

A Master of Ministry (MMin) can either be an academic or professional degree. It takes a broader approach to the Christian ministerial arts than an MTS, incorporating units in philosophy, history, education, communication, and psychology as they pertain to active ministry. Since its scope is more general than an MTS, the career opportunities for someone with an MMin are much less specific. 

However, the next steps for someone with this degree may include:

• Community ministry
• Religious education

Theology Career Outlook

Since a degree in theology helps students build such a wide range of skills, the career outlook for someone with a theology degree may look different depending on individual goals. For example, besides achieving a clergy position, someone with a theology degree may be prepared to enter the fields of public administration, communications, or international relations. 

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics , professionals entering a career in social services (including ministry) can expect roughly a 5% increase in job prospects from 2021 onward. That being said, skilled spiritual leaders and religious teachers are always in high demand by parishes and religious secondary schools. 

The median annual salary of someone with a theology degree changes based on their profession, but the average social services salary tends to hover around $45,000 ( clergy members made an average of $51,940 in 2020). Higher salaries are generally associated with careers in higher education, or for those with advanced degrees. 

Salary aside, the kinds of jobs held by theology majors offer great personal satisfaction and fulfillment, and often become lifelong professions.  Ready to take your next step toward one of the exciting careers above? Start a conversation with a USD advisor today, and see where a Master of Theological Studies – Franciscan Theology can take you.

Theology Careers: Frequently Asked Questions

Can i major in theology online.

Yes! Many schools (like the Franciscan School of Theology at the University of San Diego) offer online Master of Theological Studies programs that can be completed in two years. Students anywhere in the country can take advantage of these location-agnostic programs, many of which can be completed on a timeline that is most convenient for the student. Online masters degree programs can often be taken part time, which is ideal for someone who needs a more flexible schedule.

How do I choose a theology degree program?

As with any degree program, there are lots of factors that will help you narrow down your program choices. Your ultimate career goals and personal beliefs and values will likely be primary deciding factors, followed by program location, faculty and alumni testimonials, and available financial aid. Reach out to advisors for the programs you’re considering, and they may be able to connect you with a faculty member or alum who can answer any questions.

How long does it take to complete a theology degree program?

Depending on your level of study, a theology degree program can take anywhere from 2–4 years. A bachelor’s degree in theology will likely take 4 years to complete, while many master’s degree programs can be completed in 2–3 years.

How much does a theology degree program cost?

Tuition will vary depending on the institution or program level, but there are many scholarships available for theology students. As an example of the tuition range, a Master of Theological Studies from Harvard University costs $30,472 per year, while the online Master of Theological Studies – Franciscan Theology program at the University of San Diego costs $28,000 total.

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Faulkner University News – 4 Careers You Can Have with a Ph.D. in Biblical Studies

Faulkner University

A Christian University

Introduction

4 careers you can have with a ph.d. in biblical studies.

An online Ph.D. in Biblical Studies gives students a way to attain an  advanced degree  while delving into personal faith and spirituality. Working as a minister or pastor pairs well with a Biblical Studies degree, but these are not the only options.

Most postsecondary educators must have a Ph.D., according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. A Ph.D. in Biblical Studies equips graduates to join faculties at universities and colleges. Graduates could teach courses such as Philosophy of Religion, Religious History, and Christian Education.

Primary or Secondary Teacher

Religious-based private schools require a faculty to teach students from kindergarten through high school. Someone with an  online degree  in Biblical studies would have the expertise necessary to teach a theology class at a private school.

Administrative and Executive Positions

Religious organizations and schools need administrators and executives on staff to manage the business and the employees. School administrators have responsibilities such as setting school policies, working with parents, managing faculty, working with a board of directors, and supervising students. An advanced degree in Biblical Studies equips administrators and executives to evaluate whether a religious organization is truly working towards goals consistent with the Bible, and to ensure all members of the organization are treated with Christian values.

Social Work

People with a strong desire to help others in all walks of life often pursue an online Ph.D. in Biblical Studies from  Faulkner University . Social work can be a natural career after graduation. Social work enables graduates to focus on people of all ages experiencing hardships such as homelessness, poverty, abuse, and addiction. A social worker may work for a private organization, such as a faith-based agency, or work for the government at state and local levels.

Students may be surprised at the many career paths that open up with an online Ph.D. in Biblical Studies from Faulkner University.

Photo Credit:  George Bannister

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Deepen your understanding of the bible by pursuing biblical studies, 6 career paths for biblical studies graduates outside of the church.

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University of California - Berkeley PhD in Religious Studies

Religious Studies is a major offered under the philosophy and religious studies program of study at University of California - Berkeley. We’ve gathered data and other essential information about the doctor’s degree program in religion, such as diversity of students, how many students graduated in recent times, and more.

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How Much Does a Doctorate in Religion from UC Berkeley Cost?

Uc berkeley graduate tuition and fees.

The following table shows the average full-time tuition and fees for graduate student.

Does UC Berkeley Offer an Online PhD in Religion?

Online degrees for the UC Berkeley religion doctor’s degree program are not available at this time. To see if the school offers distance learning options in other areas, visit the UC Berkeley Online Learning page.

Majors Related to a PhD in Religion From UC Berkeley

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PhD Religious Studies

One of the first graduate programs in Religious Studies in Canada (established in 1964), McMaster University has been a leading center for the scholarly study of religion for nearly six decades.

We have three graduate fields of study (Asian, Judaism and Christianity in Antiquity and Western) and research is conducted in a range of topics and traditions, time periods and cultures, employing a wide variety of approaches: textual, ethnographic, historical, philosophical, theological, philological.

About the Program

There are currently about 50 graduate students enrolled in the department, and 14 professors active in graduate supervision. The department has had enviable success in placing its PhD graduates. Of the more than 40 students who have received the PhD since 1996, approximately 60 per cent have moved on to hold full-time academic positions, and another 20 per cent to part-time teaching.

In order for all graduate students have the opportunity to develop both depth and breadth in their courses of study, candidates for PhD degrees are normally required to choose one major area of study and one minor area of study from the list of seven areas.

Requirements and Timelines

PhD students are required to:

• Students working toward the PhD must take at least five half courses at the graduate level at McMaster beyond the MA  RS *701 may not be counted among the five half courses required for the PhD degree. Additional courses may be required by the candidate’s advisory committee.
• Students who have completed an MA elsewhere must normally complete at least one half course in the minor area of study. Students who have completed an MA in the Department of Religious Studies at McMaster do not have to do additional course work in the minor area, though they are encouraged to do so.
• Three half courses must be in Religious Studies; two half courses may be taken outside the department in a relevant area of study. Exceptions may be made by the candidate’s advisory committee.
• To receive the PhD degree, the student must have at least B- standing in each of the required courses.
• Students who have not completed the equivalent of six units (one full year course) of undergraduate work in Western religions may fulfill their breadth requirement by taking six units of undergraduate courses, or by writing two Breadth Requirement examinations, or by taking a three unit undergraduate course and writing on Breadth Requirement examination early in their PhD program.
• The minimum PhD requirement is competence in two such languages. Work in several areas of the department entails additional language requirements, as specified below.  Responsibility for the choice of the language(s) to be examined lies with the advisory/supervisory committee which acts in accordance with individual area requirements, where such exist. In some cases, additional languages or more advanced levels of language competence may be required by the advisory/supervisory committee.
• Pass comprehensive examinations in major and minor fields.
• Defend a thesis which is a significant and original scholarly contribution.  

Language Requirements: Asian Field

Buddhism and East Asian Religions:

• For PhD students whose theses involve thematic or comparative studies, two years’ study of Sanskrit or Japanese or Chinese is normally required. For PhD students, the requirement must be met for a second language as well.
• For PhD students whose theses, in the judgment of the supervisory committee, require analyses of texts in the original languages, (a) three years of Sanskrit or Japanese or Chinese, and (b) two years of a second language from this list are required.
• Further language competence may be required by the supervisory committee where the thesis topic warrants it.

Language Requirements: Biblical Field

Early Judaism:

• PhD students must complete language requirements in Greek and two modern languages (usually French and German) as well as the equivalent of three years of undergraduate courses in Hebrew.

Early Christianity:

• PhD students must complete language requirements in Hebrew and two modern languages (usually French and German) as well as the equivalent of three years of undergraduate courses in Greek.

Language Requirements: Western Field

• PhD students must complete language requirements in two languages most likely to be of assistance in the student’s research.

The language requirement(s) should be met in one of the following ways:

• Where a student has already done course work in the relevant language at the university level, a grade of B in a full year (six unit) second level university course (understood as equivalent to the relevant McMaster course) taken within the last five years is generally considered adequate for fulfilling the requirement in the language.
• Language exams in French and German are set by the department and normally graded by readers in the French and German departments. B- is the minimum passing grade. French and German exams are normally taken at three set times during the year (see Calendar of Dates). When the university offers facilities for examination (e.g., Latin, Spanish), the passing of the relevant examination will fulfill the requirement.
• Where languages are proposed for which no university offerings are available, the advisory/supervisory committee is responsible for arranging for the examination of the language.
• Where the language chosen is the student’s native language, and his or her knowledge of that language is of university level, the language requirement in that language may be understood as having been fulfilled.
• Final judgment on fulfillment of the minimum language requirements rests with the student’s advisory committee, whose decisions are subject to departmental approval.
• Language requirements should normally be met within 36 months of the beginning of the PhD program .
• Summer language courses may be offered from year to year in French or German. These courses are designed for graduate students or students intending to enter graduate programs and are offered with special permission from the Department of Linguistics and Languages. Credit obtained in these courses may be accepted in fulfillment of the second language reading requirement.

Comprehensive Examinations

• Each doctoral student must write two comprehensive exams, one in the major area of study and the other in the minor area of study.
• The examinations are meant to examine the adequacy of the student’s habitual knowledge. This means, negatively, that the examinations are not meant to test the student’s research capacities, or command of the recondite research data that might go into a doctoral dissertation. Positively, it means that the examinations test the student’s hold on general knowledge: the kind of knowledge that all persons in the field are presumed to have.
• Students are advised to consult the Chair of their Advisory Committee regarding the format and questions for both their major and minor comprehensive examinations.
• In accordance with the regulations set by the Graduate School, comprehensive examinations are to be completed within 24 months of the beginning of the PhD program .
• Comprehensive examinations are written at four times during the year: the second and third weeks in September; the second and third weeks in January; the first and second weeks in May, and the first and second weeks in July.
• Students should indicate their intention to take a comprehensive examination during one of the periods scheduled for their writing by filling out the required form at least one month before the date of writing.
• In writing the major examination, the student will be allowed a minimum of eight and a maximum of ten hours; the hour limits for the minor examination will be six and eight. The major examination will generally be taken in two equal parts and on different days. One of these two parts may be taken orally; in this case, the time limits will be appropriately adjusted.
• Areas in which a candidate may conduct thesis research are limited by available faculty and library resources. Candidates should not assume that they may write on any subject in the whole field of religious studies. Each topic must be carefully examined, defined, and approved by the department. Queries on this matter should be directed, very early in the candidate’s career, to their advisory committee.
• Within one month of the date on which comprehensive examination results are sent out, students should submit a statement of their thesis subject to the Graduate Affairs Committee. At this stage, the statement can be very short (a paragraph). This statement is to be signed by the chair of the student’s Advisory Committee.
• At the same time, the student, after consulting with the advisory committee, will submit a “Nomination of a Supervisory Committee” form for the approval of the Graduate Affairs Committee. This will include the names of three (occasionally four) faculty members who will serve as the supervisory committee for the thesis. The main supervisor of the thesis is to be drawn from the faculty members in the area within which the thesis is being written.
• Normally supervisory committees include at least one other faculty member from the department, and where feasible, a faculty member from outside the Department of Religious Studies. In cases where faculty members from other universities are included in the proposed supervisory committee, the chair of the advisory committee will contact that person to ascertain that he or she is prepared to join the committee. After the composition of the proposed supervisory committee has been approved by the Graduate Affairs Committee, the Chair of the Graduate Affairs Committee will request the Dean of Graduate Studies formally to invite the member from another university to join the committee. The chair of the Graduate Affairs Committee will report the composition of the supervisory committee at the next departmental meeting.

The Thesis Proposal

• Within six months of the completion of comprehensive examinations, the student is to submit a thesis proposal to the Graduate Affairs Committee for oral defense and approval. The proposal is to be roughly five to seven pages in length (c. 1500-2000 words) and is to be accompanied by a brief preliminary bibliography.
• The proposal is a formal piece of written work which will be judged for composition, clarity, and style as well as content. While not intended to be a report on research already completed, the proposal should include a clear statement of the question which the thesis is intended to answer, of the method and procedure with which the inquiry is to be pursued, and, in the light of the current state of scholarship, of the contribution which the dissertation can be expected to make.
• The proposal is evaluated by the Graduate Affairs Committee (no sooner than two weeks after the general circulation of the proposal). The student is required to attend this meeting, and the student’s supervisor (or a substitute designated by the supervisory committee) is also expected to attend.

Writing and Defense of the Thesis

• The final thesis copy should be prepared in accordance with the Graduate School booklet “Guide for the Preparation of Theses”. This guide, thesis regulations, forms and information are available through the School of Graduate Studies website . Responsibility for compliance with these rules and neat preparation of the final copy rests with the student.
• Further information about the final stages of submission and defense is found in the Graduate Calendar. The required forms may be obtained from the department office.

Completion Deadlines for the PhD Program 

• Regulations regarding the time within which various components of the PhD program are to be completed are set by the department and the Graduate School. This time framework seeks to facilitate the completion of the PhD within the four years for which funding is provided.
• Comprehensive examinations are to be completed within 24 months of the start of the program .
• One month after the completion of the comprehensives the one-paragraph thesis statement and the form for nominating a supervisory committee must be submitted to the Graduate Affairs Committee.
• The thesis proposal must be submitted to the Graduate Affairs Committee within 6 months of the students’ being notified of the results of the comprehensive examinations.
• Language requirements must be completed within 36 months of the start of the program.
• The advisory/supervisory committee must indicate on the annual or semi-annual report of full-time PhD students those who do not meet these deadlines. In such cases, the supervisor is to indicate in an accompanying note whether progress is deemed unsatisfactory or whether there are extenuating circumstances.
• In the latter case, new deadlines for the fulfillment of the requirements are to be indicated on the progress report form, and arrangements made for a new meeting of the committee and the filing of a new report immediately after the date of the revised deadline. Failure to meet the revised deadline will normally result in unsatisfactory progress being indicated.
• The chair of the Graduate Affairs Committee is to review all reports and to ensure compliance with these regulations.

Admissions and Applications

Admission Requirements for PhD

Students are admitted to the PhD program at one of three stages in their academic work. Normally they have completed the MA degree. The primary requirements in these cases are distinction in their previous graduate work (equivalent to at least a McMaster B+) and strong letters of reference. Admission is competitive; meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee admission. During their first year of study in the MA program at McMaster students can apply for acceptance into the PhD program.

The department recommends to the Committee on Graduate Admissions and Study one of the following:

(A) Admission to PhD studies following completion of the requirements for the master’s degree.

(B) Admission to PhD studies without completion of a master’s program.

(C) Admission to PhD studies but with concurrent completion of all requirements within one calendar year from the date of reclassification.

(D) Refusal of admission to PhD studies.

A student in (B) may re-register as a candidate for the master’s degree, provided that work to date has met the standards for the master’s program .

Students in (C) who do not complete the requirements for the master’s degree within the year lose their status as a PhD candidate.

• PhD level course requirements can only be undertaken after the student has been admitted to doctoral level study.
• In exceptional cases an applicant with an honours degree in Religious Studies or a broad and comprehensive theological education may be admitted directly to PhD study. Within one calendar year the progress of students admitted to PhD studies directly from a bachelor’s degree must be reviewed by their supervisory committee and the department. The department then recommends to the Committee on Graduate Admissions and Study one of the following: (a) proceed with PhD studies; (b) not proceed with PhD studies but re-register as a master’s candidate; (c) withdraw from the university.

A student admitted directly to the PhD may re-register as a candidate for the master’s degree. In this case, and also in the case of students in (b) , the master’s degree is not awarded until all the requirements for this degree have been met.

Language Prerequisites for Admission to the PhD Program

• Candidates applying for admission to the PhD program will normally be required to demonstrate sufficient competency in foreign languages to ensure their effective participation in the doctoral program and to facilitate its timely completion.
• PhD applicants in the Biblical field should have acquired competence in one biblical language (Hebrew or Greek) and one foreign language of modern scholarship; they are also advised to begin study of the second biblical language, or of a second foreign language of modern scholarship, prior to the inception of their doctoral program .
• PhD applicants in the Asian field should have begun the study of Sanskrit or Chinese or Japanese.
• PhD applicants in the Western field should have acquired competence in one of their required languages.
• Interested students who have not acquired such competence are urged to contact the department to explore ways for preparing to meet the requirements.

How To Apply

All applications for admission must be completed online. Please visit the School of Graduate Studies website for detailed information.

The following items are required before your online application will be considered complete:

• Statement of Interest. Please include in your statement of interest (500-700 words) a description of your intended area of research, as well as information on your academic background and proficiency in foreign languages, detailing the relevant courses you have taken, levels at which they were taken, and the grades that you received for them.
• Two Academic References
• Official Transcripts
• English Language Proficiency
• Writing Sample (an essay or thesis chapter)

The application deadline for September intake is January 15. 

Financial Information, Scholarships and Awards

• See all awards and funding opportunities on the School of Graduate Studies website.
• Apply to awards administered by McMaster University through AwardSpring . External awards have unique application processes.
• BDK Canada Graduate Scholarship: A s cholarship for graduate students in Buddhist Studies to spend a year in Japan.

Learn more about the BDK Scholarship

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Job Placement

An impressive history of job placement.

Our department provides comprehensive placement services for its Ph.D. graduates. Additionally, you may use the placement services of the  College of Arts and Sciences .

IUB graduates with a Ph.D. in Religious Studies consistently earn places in full time teaching positions, as well as in government, nonprofit organizations, and private industry.

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PhD Candidates in Religious Studies

Job Information

Offer description.

About the job

For a position as a PhD Candidate, the goal is a completed doctoral education up to an obtained doctoral degree.

Two fully funded 3-year Doctoral Research Fellowships in religious studies are available at the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, NTNU. The Doctoral Fellowships are part of the research project Religious and Secular Worldmaking: Narrative Cultures of Utopian Emigration and the Formation of Modern Regimes of Attention (NC-RoA), funded by the Research Council of Norway. Project leader is Professor Anja Kirsch. The proposed starting date for the positions is September 1st, 2023.

NC-RoA  investigates the narrative cultures of 19th-century utopian emigrants both religious and secular by analyzing how people during periods of radical reorientation learned to interpret, narrate, experience, and even perceive the world in new and sometimes fundamentally different ways. Focusing on documents of everyday emigrant life, popular discourse and vernacular religion, our goal is to develop a methodology that connects cultural, religious, and conceptual history to a cognitive history of mentalities.

The overall project structure comprises two main work packages: WP1 centers on methodological development, while WP2 involves exploratory case studies. The PhD positions will contribute to WP2 with individual research projects on religion-related factors of 19th-century emigration from Europe to the US. Applicants are asked to develop a project outline for one of the following two case areas:

Case I may concentrate on millennial or other eschatological emigrant groups and/or individuals who sought a religious alternative in the “new world,” such as Haugean or Quaker emigration, Mormonism, and attempts to build a New Zion. For this position, we are looking for a candidate interested in the dynamics of conversion, temporal horizons, and vernacular religious practices in situations of geographic and narrative reorientation.

Case II may focus on groups and/or individuals actively seeking an alternative to religion, ranging from religious indifference to radical criticism of religion, as exemplified by socialist and anarchist or other social reform movements. For this position, we are looking for a candidate interested in studying displays and cultivations of “being secular” in situations of geographic and narrative reorientation.

Your immediate leader is Head of Department

Duties of the position

• conducting research resulting in a doctoral thesis
• participation in project activities

Required selection criteria

• A master’s degree in religious studies, cultural history, or another relevant field corresponding to a five-year Norwegian degree program, where 120 credits are obtained at master's level
• You must have a strong academic background from your previous studies and an average grade from the master's degree program, or equivalent education, which is equal to B or better compared with NTNU's grading scale. If you do not have letter grades from previous studies, you must have an equally good academic basis. If you have a weaker grade background, you may be assessed if you can document that you are particularly suitable for a PhD education.
• Documented competencies in historical research
• Fluent oral and written communication skills in English as well as reading knowledge of the source languages relevant to the individual projects
• An interest in theory development and a willingness to engage with cognitive theorizing
• Good collaboration skills and an ability to join interdisciplinary academic communities
• You must meet the requirements for admission to the faculty's doctoral program

The appointment is to be made in accordance with  Regulations on terms of employment for positions such as postdoctoral fellow, Phd candidate, research assistant and specialist candidate  and  Regulations concerning the degrees of Philosophiae Doctor (PhD) and Philosodophiae Doctor (PhD) in artistic research national guidelines for appointment as PhD, post doctor and research assistant 

Preferred selection criteria

• a familiarity with the history of the nineteenth century
• experience and/or interest in transdisciplinary research
• ability to engage digitally

Personal characteristics

• cooperative
• attention to detail
• persistence

Emphasis will be placed on personal and interpersonal qualities.

• exciting and stimulating tasks in a strong international academic environment
• an open and  inclusive work environment  with dedicated colleagues
• favourable terms in the  Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund
• employee benefits

Salary and conditions

As a PhD candidate (code 1017) you are normally paid from gross NOK 501 200 per annum before tax, depending on qualifications and seniority. From the salary, 2% is deducted as a contribution to the Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund.

The period of employment is 3 years.

Appointment to a PhD position requires that you are admitted to the PhD programme in Historical and Cultural Studies  https://www.ntnu.edu/studies/phhist#year=2022&programmeCode=PHHIST   within three months of employment, and that you participate in an organized PhD programme during the employment period.

The engagement is to be made in accordance with the regulations in force concerning  State Employees and Civil Servants , and the acts relating to Control of the Export of Strategic Goods, Services and Technology. Candidates who by assessment of the application and attachment are seen to conflict with the criteria in the latter law will be prohibited from recruitment to NTNU. After the appointment you must assume that there may be changes in the area of work.

The position is subject to external fundingby the Research Council of Norway (NFR).

It is a prerequisite you can be present at and accessible to the institution daily.

About the application

The application and supporting documentation to be used as the basis for the assessment must be in English.

Publications and other scientific work must follow the application. Please note that your application will be considered based solely on information submitted by the application deadline. You must therefore ensure that your application clearly demonstrates how your skills and experience fulfil the criteria specified above.

The application must include: 

• Cover letter
• Project proposal (3-5 pages), which should outline an approach and methodology that align with the framework of NC-RoA. It should incorporate a reflection on how the PhD project will be executed concerning the selection of genres or source types. However, at this stage, it is not necessary to identify particular emigrant groups or provide detailed information about the source material.
• transcripts and diplomas for bachelor's and master's degrees. If you have not completed the master's degree, you must submit a confirmation that the master's thesis has been submitted.
• A copy of the master's thesis. If you recently have submitted your master's thesis, you can attach a draft of the thesis. Documentation of a completed master's degree must be presented before taking up the position.
• Name and contact information of three referees

If all, or parts, of your education has been taken abroad, we also ask you to attach documentation of the scope and quality of your entire education, both bachelor's and master's education, in addition to other higher education. Description of the documentation required can be found  here . If you already have a statement from NOKUT, please attach this as well.

We will take joint work into account. If it is difficult to identify your efforts in the joint work, you must enclose a short description of your participation.

In the evaluation of which candidate is best qualified, emphasis will be placed on education, experience and personal and interpersonal qualities. Motivation, ambitions, and potential will also count in the assessment of the candidates. 

NTNU is committed to following evaluation criteria for research quality according to  The San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment - DORA.

General information

Working at NTNU

NTNU believes that inclusion and diversity is our strength. We want to recruit people with different competencies, educational backgrounds, life experiences and perspectives to contribute to solving our social responsibilities within education and research. We will facilitate for our employees’ needs.

NTNU is working actively to increase the number of women employed in scientific positions and has a number of resources to  promote equality.  (tas bort hvis ikke aktuelt)

The city of Trondheim  is a modern European city with a rich cultural scene. Trondheim is the innovation capital of Norway with a population of 200,000. The Norwegian welfare state, including healthcare, schools, kindergartens and overall equality, is probably the best of its kind in the world. Professional subsidized day-care for children is easily available. Furthermore, Trondheim offers great opportunities for education (including international schools) and possibilities to enjoy nature, culture and family life and has low crime rates and clean air quality.

As an employee at NTNU, you must at all times adhere to the changes that the development in the subject entails and the organizational changes that are adopted.

A public list of applicants with name, age, job title and municipality of residence is prepared after the application deadline. If you want to reserve yourself from entry on the public applicant list, this must be justified. Assessment will be made in accordance with  current legislation . You will be notified if the reservation is not accepted.

If you have any questions about the position, please contact Anja Kirsch, email  [email protected] . If you have any questions about the recruitment process, please contact Hege Kissten, e-mail:  [email protected]

If you think this looks interesting and in line with your qualifications, please submit your application electronically via jobbnorge.no with your CV, diplomas and certificates attached. Applications submitted elsewhere will not be considered. Upon request, you must be able to obtain certified copies of your documentation.  

Application deadline: 15.06.2023

NTNU - knowledge for a better world

The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) creates knowledge for a better world and solutions that can change everyday life.

Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies

We conduct research and teaching in philosophy and religious studies, and offer education at bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral level in both subject areas. We are also responsible for the introductory course examen philosophicum for all of NTNU. The Department has an active and international research environment.  The Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies  is one of six departments in the  Faculty of Humanities .

Deadline  15th June 2023 Employer  NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology Municipality  Trondheim Scope  Fulltime (2 positions) Duration Project Place of service

Requirements

Additional information, work location(s), where to apply.

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Yang Scholar Thomas Santa Maria on Mysticism and Miracles in World Christianity

Thomas Santa Maria is a Yang Visting Scholar in World Christianity at Harvard Divinity School for the 2023-24 academic year. He has published in journals including the Catholic Historical Review , and the Journal of Early Modern Christianity . He comes to HDS from Yale University, where he was the Residential College Dean of Silliman College, and before that, a graduate student in renaissance studies and history. His work focuses primarily on the relationship between the body, emotions, and religion in the Early Modern period.

From Boston to Rome

I grew up around here in the Boston area. I went to the College of the Holy Cross, and one of my advisors was a Jesuit priest and professor in the history department. He was an Early Modern European historian. I said, “Maybe I can do that, too!” I was kind of like Saint Ignatius (of Loyola) who said, “I want to do what Saint Francis did or what Saint Dominic did.” And I have been able to do a lot of my research in Rome over the years.

The Catholic Reformation

The particular period I study is known as “the Catholic Reformation” or “the Counter-Reformation.” One can also simply call this period “early modern Catholicism” (1450-1773), as John O'Malley (a great Jesuit historian) did. Some major figures during this time are Teresa of Avila, Ignatius of Loyola, Francis Xavier, Francis de Sales, and others.

The idea here is that Catholics in the inner circle in Rome—in the Curia—Catholics on the ground, priests, and laypeople were already thinking about ways to live more spiritual lives before Martin Luther ever posted the 95 Theses.

Lorenzo Valla (1407-1457) is an interesting example, because many people look at him and think, “He was an anti-church guy!” This is due to the “Donation of Constantine” controversy, which is a text that Lorenzo Valla proved a forgery. It was a document that the popes used in order to say, “See, Emperor Constantine let Pope Sylvester have the Papal States, the authority to wear purple, the colors of kings, etc.”

Valla, taking insights from the Renaissance and especially Renaissance philology, was able to look at the Latin and say, “This was not written in the fourth century.” It was written in the ninth century, and he proved it was a fraud. Of course, the interesting thing is you might think Valla was excommunicated or burned as a heretic. No. He actually ended up being the papal secretary!

The Catholic Reformation was born out of the Renaissance, and one of the key ideas of the Renaissance is the dignity of man. A lot of people believe that once you have this great dignity of man and there's this new emphasis on how great the body is and how good creation is, that all these medieval things went away. But actually, they took off, and they are given new life, and I think one of the reasons this happened is because it took off around the world and within other cultures.

For example, take martyrdom in Japan. Many early Japanese converts to Christianity, as well as missionaries, were martyred there for refusal to reject tenets of the Catholic faith, or to stomp on crosses or other religious images. These martyrdom accounts electrified European audiences. Hearing about martyrs encouraged men to join religious orders and request to be sent on missions.

At the same time, there was another type of martyrdom at play, known as white martyrdom, or practicing intense self-mortification. Some converts to Christianity, Kateri Tekakwitha notable among them, were very zealous in their self-mortification. Hearing about converts like her may very well have spurred European Catholics to adopt these practices themselves with renewed vigor. In some says, it may have been competitive, but for sure it was a new age of asceticism.

Yang Scholars Program

What brought me to Harvard Divinity School was probably a little bit of a naivete, which is to say I think I didn’t fully understand what World Christianity is. World Christianity is a field that has a lot to do with the present and even the future as my brilliant colleague and fellow Yang Scholar Dr. Gina Zurlo would have it. This is to say that it's a major corrective to longstanding historiographic trends that present Christianity as a religion of the West when, in fact, increasingly today, Christianity is a religion of the Global South.

In fact, in a short time, China will be one of the countries with the highest population of Christians on Earth, even more so than Brazil, if Pew Research polls are correct. Of course, my research is different. I am looking at Christianity many centuries before—earlier than what most people looking at World Christianity study.

I think my initial naivete maybe has some insight, which is to say that there could be no World Christianity before there was an age of global missions. And that World Christianity—while it is future oriented—may also do well to look back to try and better understand the origins of not just how in the colonialist period Christianity changed many places, but how world trade changed Christianity, too.

During my time here, I've been fortunate in nearing completion of my first book. I’ve also been working on an article about bilocating nuns. While bilocation, meaning the ability to be in two places at once, had long been a supernatural grace that hagiographers recorded or saints experienced, there is no doubt that it flourished in early modernity, especially in Spain. Perhaps the most famous case is of Maria de Agreda, who bilocated nearly 500 times. That is, though her body never left her convent, she also travelled to the modern-day American southwest, where she claims to have evangelized the Jumano people. Interestingly, cases of bilocators also exploded in the new world. We have nuns who claimed that they were bilocating battling pirates in the Caribbean and even battles in the lowlands, in mainland Europe, as well as taking on missionary and catechetical activities in Asia for example.

Mysticism and Madness

I’ve had the opportunity this semester to teach my class, “Mysticism and Madness in the Early Modern World.” We're looking at what a lot of these mystics were saying and trying to understand what was so animating in the sixteenth and seventeenth century. We’re asking, “What does it mean to be a mystic?”

Although we think of “saints” and “mystics” as synonymous, in those times mysticism was read more under a hermeneutic of suspicion. So, if you're talking about a mystic, in all likelihood, you were talking about a heretic.

I think the students are enjoying it, and I'm certainly getting a lot out of it. I have students from a variety of different faiths and many of them are curious about issues of gender in all of this. So many of these great mystics were women.

There's a synod right now in the Catholic Church—the Synod on Synodality meeting—which is raising a lot of questions about the role of women in the church. Many of my Catholic students have gone into this class seeking insights from these mystics about a way to proceed with women in the church.

Advice for Yang Applicants

I say, “Apply!” There is an embarrassment of riches here in terms of resources—not just at the Divinity School but at the rest of Harvard University—and what HDS and Harvard are able to offer a person studying Christianity is immense. But it’s not just the available resources, another great benefit is in the students, faculty, and people that you can collaborate with.

There are so many people here interested in these questions, and they're not all at the Divinity School. So, I would encourage openness to conversation with colleagues here and elsewhere and in other departments, and to get involved in so many things at the University. It’s very fruitful.  

— Interview conducted and edited by Suan Sonna, HDS news correspondent

Editor’s note: This is final interview in our special series spotlighting the 2023-24 Yang Visiting Scholars in World Christianity at Harvard Divinity School. You can read more about Yang Scholars Gina Zurlo and Nathanael Homewood on the HDS website.

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