fully funded communication phd programs

Mass Communications Ph.D.

Our fully-funded, interdisciplinary doctoral program will prepare you for a rewarding career in communications research and teaching.

Our program offers a stimulating intellectual environment where you may explore and specialize in a variety of topics, including media ethics and diversity; media sociology; new media; political communication; popular television; public relations; or social effects.

The doctoral program is designed to be completed in four years, with two years of coursework followed by qualifying exams and the dissertation.

Regina Luttrell

Associate dean, research and creative activity, associate professor, public relations, co-director, real chemistry emerging insights lab.

Anne Osborne

Doctoral program, media studies, communications.

Kristen Northrop

Assistant director.

Jenn Yoshioka

Administrative specialist.

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Communication, PhD

Annenberg is interdisciplinary by design. Members of the faculty and students come from a wide range of backgrounds, including Communication, Psychology, Political Science, Sociology, Anthropology, History, and Law. Students are also encouraged to supplement their Communication courses with those offered through one of Penn’s 11 other distinguished schools. The result is a vibrant intellectual experience that trains students to apply and adapt diverse theories and methods to the cutting-edge communication issues of the twenty-first century.

All doctoral students are fully funded for up to five years, including tuition and fees, health care, teaching and research fellowships, and dissertation research fellowships. All students also receive yearly research and travel funds, allowing them to develop their research and present it at major national and international conferences. In addition to formal classes, students are able to work with faculty on grant-and center-supported projects, attend and participate in frequent colloquia and workshops, and engage in research and learning opportunities around the globe — all designed to enhance their intellectual growth and professional training.

Annenberg alumni go on to productive and fulfilling careers in academia as well as in research-oriented private and public-sector institutions.

The Annenberg Ph.D. program represents a five-year commitment. In addition to satisfactory completion of the core courses, all students are required to take a noncredit proseminar as well as introductory classes in research methods and statistics. In order to progress to dissertation stage, candidates must  complete the following milestones: Qualifications Evaluation, Comprehensive Exams, and Dissertation Proposal and Oral Defense.

For more information: https://www.asc.upenn.edu/academics/graduate-program

View the University’s Academic Rules for PhD Programs .

Required Courses 

All Ph.D. students must take at least one separate class with each of at least five different members of the ASC standing faculty. The intent of this is to foster students’ knowledge of a diverse range of approaches to communication.

The degree and major requirements displayed are intended as a guide for students entering in the Fall of 2023 and later. Students should consult with their academic program regarding final certifications and requirements for graduation.

Sample Plan of Study

​​​​A typical course plan for a student entering the program without a Master’s degree includes these components:

• Seven semesters of courses, typically three courses per semester
• A Qualifications Evaluation (see below) at the end of semester 4
• A dissertation proposal defense in semester 8
• Dissertation research in semesters 8 through 10
• Dissertation defense and graduation at the end of semester 10

Program Milestones

• Qualifications Evaluation  (QE) is a review conducted to ensure doctoral students have the requisite skills, creativity, initiative, and plans to successfully complete their degree, including their dissertation. The QE must be completed at the end of the semester during which the student accumulates 12 classes (at least eight of which must be acquired at Penn) toward the degree, but no earlier than the end of the first year.
• Comprehensive Exams:  In order to advance to candidacy, become eligible to defend the dissertation proposal and to receive a dissertation research fellowship (DRF), students must successfully pass a comprehensive examination. These exam cover theory, methods and research in the student’s field of expertise. 
• Dissertation Proposal and Oral Defense:  Before becoming eligible for a dissertation research fellowship and beginning work on the dissertation, the student must submit and defend a proposal for dissertation research to his or her Dissertation Committee. The proposal is a full statement of the research problem, including its theoretical rationale and methodology. 

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Doctorate in Communication

With one of the nation's premier doctoral programs in Communication, the Annenberg School is a tight-knit, supportive community of scholars committed to advancing knowledge of our media environment.

Founded through the generosity and vision of publisher, diplomat, and philanthropist Walter Annenberg, the Annenberg School for Communication is devoted to furthering our understanding of the role of communication in public life through research, education, and service. Our five-year doctoral program has a strong reputation as one of the best in Communication, based on Annenberg’s unparalleled combination of world-class faculty , students , and alumni , as well as access to the larger intellectual and cultural resources of the University of Pennsylvania and Philadelphia .

In an inherently interdisciplinary field, Annenberg researchers are engaged with a spectrum of topics related to health, politics, media systems, networks and digital culture, journalism, race and gender, and more, using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies.

Our Ph.D. program allows students to tailor a curriculum to suit their specific interests, and provides them the financial resources to launch their academic career. 

In addition to a full tuition waiver, our students currently receive an annual stipend as well as a budget for research and travel and health insurance for all five years.

Annenberg is the smallest of the 12 schools at Penn, and it functions as close-knit community of scholars whose doors are always open to one another. Our students also appreciate our staff , who routinely go above and beyond to support them.

Please note that we do not have a standalone master’s degree program at this time. All students are admitted directly into the doctoral program.

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Our Students By the Numbers

Here are some fast facts about our students and the admissions process . Get to know Annenberg!

Students currently in the program

Different nationalities represented by our students, applicants each year, students accepted each year, average undergraduate gpa of applicants, average toefl of admitted candidates, of students came from a previous graduate degree program, of students worked in a career before joining annenberg, of students came straight to annenberg from an undergraduate degree.

Our Faculty

Our graduate faculty is at the heart of the school. Their innovative work, often in collaboration with students, pushes the field of Communication forward.

Students on Video

Hear from some of the Annenberg School's doctoral students as they talk about their work and what brought them to Annenberg.

What is it like to be a doctoral student at the International Communication Association annual conference? We followed four students to find out.

During the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, doctoral candidate Kelly Diaz used her phone to document the many signs displayed in yards and windows around her West Philadelphia home. She has now collected that body of work into a  photo essay .

Doctoral Candidate and artist Roopa Vasudevan studies the ways that the everyday technologies shape our daily lives.

What is it like to be a Ph.D. student? We followed five of our students through their daily activities.

Prateekshit Pandey works with the Communication Neuroscience Lab to study how the brain reacts to humor. 

Buenos Aires-native María Celeste Wagner looks at how gender influences credibility in news. 

Jennifer Henrichsen studies the way that journalists adopt information security technologies to protect themselves and their sources.

Our Students

Annenberg's doctoral students represent a broad spectrum of interests, methodologies, and backgrounds. Here are just a few of our incredible students.

Arlene C. Fernández

Azsaneé Truss

Antoine Haywood

Danielle Clark

Neil Fasching

Tom W. Etienne

Kallahan Brown Named 2023 Presidential Ph.D. Fellow

Annenberg School doctoral student Kallahan Brown is a recipient of the Penn Presidential Ph.D. Fellowship, which includes three years of funding.

Doctoral Students Collaborate With Philadelphia High School Students on Health Communication Research

The Annenberg School Welcomes Eight New Ph.D. Students in Its 2023 Cohort

Exploring Inequalities in Health Through Cognitive Science and Family Conversation

Brendan Mahoney Wants To Know How the Internet Affects Us

Explore the Program

Learn more about life in the Annenberg Ph.D. program.

Financial Support

Curriculum & Milestones

Student Life

Applications for 2025-2026 will open by October

More in doctorate in communication.

• SCHOOL OF COMMUNICATION

PhD in Communication Studies - Northwestern University School of Communication

The Doctor of Philosophy in Rhetoric, Media, and Publics is replacing the PhD in Communication Studies (Rhetoric and Public Culture). Rhetoric, Media, and Publics is an interschool program between the School of Communication, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, and the Medill School of Journalism, Media & Integrated Marketing Communications; and it is based in the School of Communication.

The Rhetoric, Media, and Publics PhD program, grounded in the humanistic tradition of rhetoric, asks the fundamental question of how people influence, reflect, and transform society through mediated practices. Students learn to analyze the production and circulation of meaning in a range of rhetorical and journalistic texts, practices, and institutions through varied modes of qualitative inquiry, and to engage audiences and communities directly in the production of knowledge. The stakes of this inquiry are profoundly social and political as well as formal and aesthetic. The program teaches students to approach public media as sites for political contestation, for the representation and interrogation of ethics and power, and for imagining personhood and collective life.

Communication (PhD)

You will acquire the leading-edge theory and research methodologies you need to shape a more ethical and just world. 

Whether you seek a career in academia, the industry, or governmental and non-governmental organizations, you will become a critical educator and researcher of communication through rigorous coursework, independent and collaborative research projects, and teaching opportunities.

You will work side by side with your peers and our distinguished faculty to advance knowledge in the field while creating interdisciplinary solutions to complex societal and organizational problems. At the same time, you will build a professional network of worldwide and lifelong connections with fellow scholars and practitioners.

USC Annenberg’s location at the heart of a top-tier research university and in the dynamic city of Los Angeles provides you with the ideal setting to explore ways to inventively fuse your scholarship and expertise in communication studies with disciplines such as political science, international relations, sociology and information sciences as well as gender, media and popular culture studies.

Program Information

• Learning Objectives
• Research and Teaching
• Areas of Study
• Current Doctoral Students
• Tuition and Financial Aid
• Class Profile

By the numbers

Student and faculty work.

Changing the world through better communication

Former U.S. Navy Blue Angels team member Amber Lynn Scott became interested in studying high-reliability organizations for her dissertation to make a positive impact for military and first responders.

Requiem for a meme

Alexandria Arrieta researches how the intersection of memes and music are having a profound impact on people’s communication and connection across social media.

Making social media a better tool for political activism

With his lifelong interest in politics, Alfonso Hedge realized Annenberg’s doctoral program would be the perfect place to study how grassroots political organizations use social media.

From music to AI

Event promoter and DJ Stephen Yang examines the on-the-ground practices of technologists and media professionals as they reshape the culture of production.

Jermaine Anthony Richards named 2023 Paul & Daisy Soros Fellow

The merit-based program provides funding for Richards to explore his research on how transmedia storytelling animates human security politics, security cultures, and political movements.

Exploring identity through social media

Samah Sadig shares her passion for identity, expression and education — and how it all brought her to USC Annenberg.

Work on groundbreaking research with expert faculty

As innovations in information and communication technologies continue at a rapid pace, USC Annenberg remains at the forefront of efforts to explore these social, cultural, rhetorical and organizational processes. You will work and collaborate with fellow doctoral students, our world-class faculty, and industry and public/private sector professionals to advance research and insights across a wide range of interdisciplinary areas of study. You will also have the opportunity to lead research endeavors that impact scholarship and practice across the contemporary communications landscape.

Explore the research of USC Annenberg faculty and students. View the areas of study available to our PhD students.

Get to know your fellow students

The communication doctorate program enrolls students from diverse backgrounds, nationalities and educational experiences. Connect with fellow students by viewing their profiles and get to know USC Annenberg through their eyes.

Communication (PhD) faculty

Search NYU Steinhardt

Doctor of Philosophy Media, Culture, and Communication

Grounded in an interdisciplinary approach to the study of media and culture, our doctorate draws from a rich array of disciplines and theoretical frameworks. Department expertise spans the globe: the Middle East, East Asia, the Global South, Africa, and Europe. Our faculty generate some of the most original scholarship in their respective fields, creating a stimulating environment in which to pursue graduate work.

Degree Details

Official degree title.

PhD in Media, Culture, and Communication

Research Focus

Alumni placements, funding for full-time phd students.

Five research areas operate as guiding frameworks for intellectual inquiry across the department: Global Communication and Media, Technology and Society, Visual Culture and Sound Studies, Media Industries and Politics, Interaction and Experience.

Your work as a doctoral student will be shaped by our commitment to:

• Engaging with theoretical concepts from a range of disciplines—media and cultural studies, visual culture, history, science and technology studies, anthropology, sociology, disability studies, sound studies, political science.
• A multi-methodological approach to research—from semiotics, global ethnography, gender and queer theory, critical race theory, qualitative and quantitative discourse analysis, to political/cultural economy, among other critical frameworks.
• A global perspective—conceiving of the global mediascape as transnational and transcultural.
• Recognizing media and technology’s long history and antecedents.

Read some sample dissertation abstracts .

After graduating, alumni join academic departments of media and communication, with placement in the social sciences and interdisciplinary humanities becoming increasingly common. MCC PhDs who graduated in the past ten years are now tenure-track or tenured professors at the University of California, Berkeley; University of Washington, Seattle; Cornell University; Stanford University; UCLA; Rutgers; Fordham; University of Michigan; George Mason University; University of North Carolina; University of Arizona; College of Charleston; Memorial University of Newfoundland; University of San Francisco; Scripps; Pratt; University of Maryland; American University of Beirut; American University of Paris, Ryerson University; Trent University; St. Joseph’s College.

Over the past decade, our PhD graduates have received numerous prestigious postdocs, including a Mellon Postdoctoral Fellowship in the Humanities in the Department of Comparative Media Studies/Writing at MIT; Mellon Postdoctoral Fellowship at MIT's Center for Art, Science, and Technology; Postdoctoral Fellow, Berkman Klein Center, Harvard University; Postdoctoral Researcher, Max Planck Institute for the History of Science; Postdoctoral, Center for Information Technology Policy, Princeton University; Postdoctoral Fellowship at Rice University in Technology, Culture, and Society; Research Associate, Center for Digital Humanities, Princeton University; Postdoctoral Fellow, Media, Inequality & Change Center, University of Pennsylvania.

If you are accepted as a full-time NYU Steinhardt PhD student without an alternate funding source, you are eligible for our competitive funding package, which includes a scholarship and tuition remission.  Learn more about our funding opportunities .

Graduate Leadership

Associate Professor of Media, Culture, and Communication; PhD Director

Susan Murray

Department chair and professor of media, culture, and communication.

If you have additional questions about our degree, please contact us at [email protected] .

Alumni Profiles

Jacob Gaboury (PhD 2014)

Jacob is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Film & Media at the University of California, Berkeley. His dissertation "Image Objects: An Archaeology of Computer Graphics, 1965-1979" investigated the early history of computer graphics and the role they play in the move toward new forms of simulation and object oriented design.

Xiaochang Li (PhD 2017)

Xiaochang is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Communication at Stanford University. Her teaching and research interests include the history of computing and information systems, AI and algorithmic culture, speech and language technology, and software/platform studies. Before joining Stanford, she was a postdoctoral fellow at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin.

Hatim El-Hibri (PhD 2012)

Hatim is Assistant Professor of Film and Media Studies at George Mason University. His research examines media technologies and urban space in the Middle East. His dissertation traced the history of the visualization of Beirut, from the politics of aerial photography and mapping during the French Mandate, to the visual economy of postwar construction, to the materiality of Hizballah's live satellite television.

Liz Koslov (PhD 2017)

Liz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Urban Planning and the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability at UCLA. Previously, she was a Mellon Postdoctoral Fellow at MIT. Her research examines the cultural, political, and sociological dimensions of climate change adaptation. Her first book project, Retreat: Moving to Higher Ground in a Climate-Changed City , is under advance contract with the University of Chicago Press.

Devon Powers (PhD 2008)

Devon is an Associate Professor in the Departments of Advertising, Media & Communication at Temple University. Powers' research interests include popular music, 20th century history, and cultural intermediation – the people and processes that operate "in between" the production and consumption of culture. Powers completed a fellowship at the University of Leeds in 2014, and was recently elected Vice Chair of the Popular Communication Division of the International Communication Association.

Matthew Powers (PhD 2013)

Matthew is an Associate Professor in the Department of Communication at the University of Washington-Seattle. His dissertation "Humanity's Publics: NGOs, Journalism and the International Public Sphere" examined reporting roles assumed by international NGOs as legacy media outlets cut their foreign news budgets, and received the Gene Burd Outstanding Dissertation in Journalism Studies award from the International Communication Association. 

Media, Culture, and Communication

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30 Fully Funded Ph.D. Programs

These fully funded Ph.D. programs are in fields like business, computer science, education and nursing.

(Getty Images) |

Many Ph.D. programs are fully funded.

Students interested in graduate research in various fields, from public health and English to computer science and engineering, have numerous options for Ph.D. programs that offer full funding. These programs typically provide waived tuition and fees and an annual stipend. Some also offer health insurance and other benefits. Gaining admittance into these small cohorts can be highly competitive, and the programs can be time-consuming . Here are 30 fully funded Ph.D. programs at U.S. colleges and universities. Keep in mind this is not a comprehensive list – there are others out there.

• Ph.D. in anthropology at the University of Chicago

Anthropology Ph.D. students at the University of Chicago can receive funding for up to eight years of study, assuming they are in good standing at the university. During that time, they will receive a full-tuition scholarship plus health insurance and a living stipend – which equated to $33,000 for the 2022-2023 school year – and can apply for external fellowships.

Ph.D. in biological sciences in public health at Harvard University (MA)

Harvard University's T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston offers a Ph.D. in biological sciences in public health that aims to provide students with expertise in disease prevention and treatment. This program includes tuition, a stipend and health insurance for five years as long as the student maintains satisfactory academic progress. International students receive the same benefits. Current research in the school's laboratories involves diseases like AIDS, cancer, diabetes, kidney disease, malaria and tuberculosis.

(Dominick Reuter) |

• Ph.D. in business at Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Students enrolled in the Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology can study a range of fields like organization studies, accounting and information technology. Those pursuing a Ph.D. will receive a full-tuition scholarship plus a monthly stipend of $4,267, capped at $51,204. They will also receive medical insurance, new laptops at the beginning of their first and fourth years of study and $4,500 over five years for conference travel expenses.

(Tommy Lavergne | Rice University)

Ph.D. in business at Rice University (TX)

At the Rice University Jones Graduate School of Business in Texas, students enjoy full financial assistance upon admission to the Ph.D. program. Aiming to prepare students to teach in fields like accounting, finance, organizational behavior and strategic management, the program provides students with a research or teaching assistantship. Students receive a tuition waiver and a $40,000 annual stipend contingent on making satisfactory academic progress and maintaining full-time student status.

Office of Strategic Communication | University of Iowa

• Ph.D. in business at the University of Iowa

The University of Iowa's Tippie College of Business offers Ph.D. degrees in fields such as accounting, economics, business analytics and marketing. The college says it provides full funding to "virtually all admitted students." This includes tuition and fees, a minimum nine-month stipend of about $20,000 with annual adjustments and comprehensive health insurance covered at 90%. Some departments offer funding for research presentations at major conferences, summer fellowships and paid time off for independent research.

Ph.D. in chemical engineering at Cornell University (NY)

According to Cornell University 's website, all students admitted to the chemical engineering Ph.D. program at the New York school receive a full tuition waiver, health insurance and a stipend. This funding can come from a teaching assistantship, research assistantship or fellowship, and full stipends are granted for nine months with the likelihood of additional aid in the summer.

Chris Taggart | Columbia University

Ph.D. in clinical psychology at Columbia University (NY)

Students enrolled in Columbia University 's Ph.D. program in clinical psychology at the Teachers College in New York receive fully funded tuition and a $25,000 stipend annually for three years. The stipend also carries into a student's fourth year. These doctoral fellows "may be expected to serve" as graduate teaching or research assistants. Students typically complete the mentor-matched program, which includes a full-year internship, in five to seven years.

Ph.D. in computer science at Brown University (RI)

Brown University 's Ph.D. students in computer science have access to "full financial support while completing the degree," plus the option to take classes at nearby schools without incurring additional costs, according to the school's website. In fact, doctoral students in any program at the Rhode Island university are guaranteed five years of financial support, which includes tuition remission, a stipend, health services fees and a subsidy for health insurance.

Georgetown University |

Ph.D. in computer science at Georgetown University (DC)

Georgetown University 's Ph.D. program in computer science provides scholarships and assistantships that cover full tuition at the Washington, D.C., school and include a stipend and health insurance for the first five years. Once enrolled in the program, students must complete the Apprenticeship in Teaching Program and ultimately write and defend a full research dissertation in a seminar open to the public.

Ph.D. in computer science at Washington University in St. Louis

Ph.D. students in the computer science or computer engineering program at Washington University in St. Louis receive full tuition support and health insurance. According to the university's website: "As a doctoral candidate, you will also receive a generous stipend to cover living expenses and a new, high-end Apple laptop computer. This support is guaranteed as you continue to make satisfactory progress towards your degree." Doctoral students may also qualify for one of three fellowships.

Jeff Miller | UW-Madison

• Ph.D. in counseling psychology at the University of Wisconsin—Madison

Incoming Ph.D. students at the School of Education at the University of Wisconsin—Madison are guaranteed full funding for the duration of the time that they are expected on campus, according to the university's department of counseling psychology website. Doctoral students also receive a benefits package that includes health insurance. Funding may come from financial aid, fellowships, assistantships and/or traineeships.

Emory University |

Ph.D. in economics at Emory University (GA)

Students enrolled in the economics Ph.D. program at Emory University typically receive full funding, according to the Georgia university's website. The stipend provided to students is $36,376 per year for five years, starting in fall 2023, and the full tuition scholarship is worth $70,200 per year. Funding for admitted students also includes a $4,370 annual subsidy that covers 100% of a student's cost of health insurance. First-year students have no stipend-related work requirements.

• Ph.D. in education at New York University

New York University's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development offers more than 30 degree programs. Many can be pursued on campus or online. Ph.D. degrees are offered in areas like developmental psychology, educational leadership and childhood education. Full-time NYU Steinhardt Ph.D. students are eligible for a funding package that includes an annual stipend – $32,000 for the 2022-2023 academic year – tuition coverage for required coursework and student health insurance for five years.

L.A. Cicero, Stanford News Service |

Ph.D. in education at Stanford University (CA)

Stanford University's Graduate School of Education allows students numerous fellowship and assistantship opportunities at the California school, along with a "five-year funding guarantee that provides tuition aid, fellowship stipend, and assistantship salary, and covers the standard cost of attendance," the program website reads. At the Graduate School of Education, doctoral students can choose from a range of academic areas like curriculum studies and teacher education, and developmental and psychological sciences.

• Ph.D. in education at the University of Pennsylvania

The University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education provides full funding to Ph.D. students as part of a fellowship and research apprenticeship package. This funding includes a living stipend, health insurance and coverage of tuition and fees for up to four years if the student maintains full-time enrollment. Some students may also qualify for additional summer funding.

• Ph.D. in engineering at the University of Michigan—Ann Arbor

Doctoral students in engineering at the University of Michigan—Ann Arbor can choose from numerous areas of specialization under umbrella categories like aerospace engineering, biomedical engineering, macromolecular science and engineering, and robotics. All engineering doctoral students are guaranteed full funding, a monthly living stipend and health insurance. The exact amount can vary, according to the program's website, and funding comes from a range of sources, including graduate student instructor positions and fellowships.

Boston University Photography |

• Ph.D. in English at Boston University

Annually, doctoral students studying English at Boston University receive a stipend plus full tuition, fees and basic health insurance. This funding is guaranteed for at least five years, with two of those years typically free from teaching requirements. Funding can sometimes be extended up to seven years, according to the university's website, but it's not guaranteed. Students may also apply for various prizes, fellowships and short-term research and travel grants.

(Stephanie Diani) |

• Ph.D. in English at the University of California—Los Angeles

Applicants to the Ph.D. in English program at the University of California—Los Angeles are automatically considered for various funding options. A six-year funding package includes "a minimum of two years of full fellowship, four years of summer stipend support and up to four years of teaching assistantships," according to the school website. Beyond tuition, fees and health insurance are also covered.

Jeff Watts |

Ph.D. in international relations at American University (DC)

American University offers doctoral students in its international relations program who do not have external funding a renewable four-year Dean's Fellowship that is contingent on making satisfactory academic progress. The fellowship includes the cost of tuition, fees and a stipend that must be earned via a part-time role as a teaching or research assistant. Students also must "demonstrate competency in a modern foreign language" before graduating.

Jonathan Cohen | Binghamton University

• Ph.D. in management at Binghamton University—SUNY

All students admitted to the interdisciplinary management Ph.D. program at the Binghamton University—SUNY School of Management in New York receive a combination of a full-tuition scholarship and a teaching or research assistantship for each academic year, up to four years. This STEM-designated business doctoral degree prepares students for careers in academia and work in the public and private sectors, and has a student-faculty ratio of 1-to-1, according to the university's website.

Duke University Communications |

Ph.D. in materials science and engineering at Duke University (NC)

Doctoral students at Duke University in North Carolina studying materials science and engineering generally receive full tuition, a stipend and fee support for the first five years. Students also receive up to six years of health insurance if they are on the university's student medical insurance plan. The doctoral program aims to help students publish with a faculty adviser and develop research skills, with the opportunity to present research at professional conferences.

Homewood Photography | JHU

Ph.D. in nursing at Johns Hopkins University (MD)

The School of Nursing at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland provides most doctoral students with three fully funded years of study. Available financial aid includes graduate assistantships, targeted fellowships and nursing-specific funding. The university aims to "advance the theoretical foundation of nursing practice and healthcare delivery" with the degree, its website reads. "By graduation, most Hopkins nurse scholars have been awarded grants that continue their research and set them well on their way to a successful career."

• Ph.D. in nursing at the University of Virginia

All students admitted to the University of Virginia 's Ph.D. in Nursing program are eligible for four years of scholarship funding to cover tuition, insurance and fees, as well as annual stipends. To receive certain aid, students must work 10 hours per week as a graduate teaching assistant. With a heavy research focus, students can expect courses in qualitative, quantitative and historical research, and will have to submit a research proposal for peer review.

Ph.D. in nursing at Yale University (CT)

At Yale University in Connecticut, the School of Nursing offers full funding to its Ph.D. students. They receive a monthly stipend for four years in addition to paid tuition and health care. The program allows students to gain in-depth knowledge in a particular area of study. Every incoming Ph.D. student gets paired with a faculty adviser "whose area of expertise and active research most closely matches with the student’s scholarly interest," according to the school's website.

University of Minnesota |

• Ph.D. in psychology at the University of Minnesota—Twin Cities

Students admitted to the Ph.D. program to study psychology at the University of Minnesota—Twin Cities are guaranteed full funding for five years as long as they maintain satisfactory performance and degree progress. This funding includes full-time tuition, a nine-month stipend and subsidized health insurance. Funding comes from some combination of teaching assistantships, traineeships, research assistantships and fellowships. Students in the program can specialize in areas like cognitive and brain sciences, industrial-organizational psychology and social psychology.

Matt Cashore | University of Notre Dame

Ph.D. within the Romance languages and literatures department at the University of Notre Dame (IN)

University of Notre Dame doctoral students who focus on French and Francophone studies, Iberian and Latin American studies or Italian studies are guaranteed five years of funding. Funding includes a full scholarship, including tuition and fees, plus a stipend and health insurance. Anyone who completes the Ph.D. degree requirements at the Indiana university within five years will automatically receive a one-year postdoctoral fellowship via the university's 5+1 Program. Fellows will have a teaching load limited to one course per semester.

Ph.D. in social work at Bryn Mawr College (PA)

Students admitted to Bryn Mawr College 's Ph.D. program in social work receive full tuition waivers and "substantial stipends" toward living expenses. The Pennsylvania college's website says: "Consistent with our model, all Ph.D. students are funded equally, and do not compete for basic financial support during coursework." The program's cohorts typically include only three or four students each year. According to the college, it awarded the first Ph.D. degree in social work in the U.S. in 1920.

Vanderbilt University |

Ph.D. in special education at Vanderbilt University (TN)

Funding is guaranteed for all admitted doctoral students enrolled in the special education Ph.D. program at the Peabody College of Education and Human Development at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee. This includes full tuition, a "competitive" monthly stipend and health insurance for up to four years. Students may also be nominated for additional honor scholarships and fellowships. Areas of focus within the Ph.D. program include high-incidence disabilities and early childhood education.

Ph.D. in theatre and drama at Northwestern University (IL)

This interdisciplinary Ph.D. program at Northwestern University in Illinois combines coursework in humanities, social science and the visual arts. The program's students receive a five-year full-tuition scholarship plus an annual living stipend. Ph.D students enrolling at this program in fall 2022 will receive a living stipend of at least $36,960 during the 2023-2024 school year. Stipend amounts may change from year to year. Students can apply for subsidies to facilitate conference travel and summer language study.

(Photo by Sarah L. Voisin | The Washington Post via Getty Images)

• Ph.D. in women, gender and sexuality studies at University of Maryland

At the University of Maryland 's Harriet Tubman Department of Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies, Ph.D. students without a master's degree usually have five years of guaranteed funding. Those with a master's degree usually are funded four years, with awards stemming from a mix of departmental fellowships and graduate teaching assistantships. Since the program's establishment in 1999, the department has granted 36 Ph.Ds, according to UMD's website.

Learn more about paying for graduate school.

Finding a fully funded program isn't the only option to offset the costs of graduate school. See these seven strategies to pay for graduate school to learn more. Check out the latest Best Graduate Schools rankings to see the country's top business, medicine and law programs – and more. For additional grad school tips, follow U.S. News Education on Facebook , Twitter and LinkedIn .

Ph.D. programs that are fully funded

• Ph.D. in biological sciences in public health at Harvard University
• Ph.D. in business at Rice University
• Ph.D. in chemical engineering at Cornell University
• Ph.D. in clinical psychology at Columbia University
• Ph.D. in computer science at Brown University
• Ph.D. in computer science at Georgetown University
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PhD Program in Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences

Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences

The PhD program provides training for the next generation of scientists in speech, language, and hearing sciences. You will receive world-class training from leading experts in outstanding research facilities. The program includes several major research-focused milestones that help you craft a professional portfolio to prepare you for teaching and research in academic settings.

Program Highlights

• Faculty engage graduate scholars in a variety of topics covering interdisciplinary research on normative and disordered processes in speech, language, voice, swallowing and hearing.
• As a PhD student, you will be  fully funded  (for the first four years of your degree) through a variety of sources, including individual fellowships (at the university and national level), two NIH training grants, research assistantships and teaching assistantships. Additional years of funding are dependent on successful progress towards degree, and availability of funds. You will receive individually tailored training, and students from our program have an exemplary history of moving into impactful research-oriented and academic careers.
• We are committed to ensuring an encouraging, supportive, collaborative and inclusive environment for our PhD students to thrive as members of the broader academic community.

Research Areas

• Hearing science; hearing disorders
• Language science; language disorders and disabilities
• Speech, swallowing, and voice science; speech, swallowing and voice disorders

Potential Careers

Graduates of our PhD program may have any of the following careers:

• Positions as faculty members at academic institutions/higher education universities .
• Research scientists in medical or research centers and/or industry.
• Positions as directors/leaders in clinical or research centers in academia, healthcare or industry.

Program Quick Facts

Degree Type : Doctoral

Program Length : 4-5 years (for students with a master’s degree or higher) — students can also apply with bachelor’s degree

Location : West Lafayette, IN

Department/School : Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences

To learn more about our department’s PhD program and see sample course plans, please read our PhD program handbook .

Get to know our program through virtual information sessions

In the speech, language, and hearing sciences PhD program, you will have opportunities to work with multiple faculty members with compatible research interests — including colleagues from other departments — to investigate disorders related to speech, language, hearing, swallowing and balance.

• Joshua Alexander
• Arielle Borovsky
• Françoise Brosseau-Lapré
• Alexander Francis
• Michael Heinz
• Natalya Kaganovich
• Brandon Keehn
• David Kemmerer
• Ravi Krishnan
• Arianna LaCroix
• Laurence B. Leonard
• Georgia Malandraki
• Allison Schaser
• Maureen Shader
• Preeti Sivasankar
• Elizabeth Strickland
• Ronnie Wilbur

Admissions/Requirements

If you are thinking of applying to the speech, language, and hearing sciences PhD program at Purdue, we strongly recommend you contact prospective advisors/ faculty before starting the application process.

If you are applying only for the PhD program, please submit all materials via the Purdue Online Application system .

Application Materials to be Submitted Online

• Statement of Purpose.
• Curriculum Vita.  This is an optional field in the application system but is recommended by the department.
• Writing sample. (Optional, submit under Supporting Documents)
• List of 3 recommenders. 
• Application fee . ( Application Fee Information )
• Official transcripts from all institutions attended . Please upload copies of your official transcripts to the application system. The Purdue Graduate School will use these documents for admission purposes. International transcripts must be uploaded or submitted in their original form and in translation, along with copies of any diplomas awarded. Any transcripts sent electronically through an approved e-service (e-SCRIP, etc) must be sent to the Graduate School at  [email protected] . This delays the receipt of the transcript to the department, so uploaded copies of official documents or official hard copies are preferred. Please send any paper transcripts to the  SLHS Graduate Program Secretary .
• For those whose first language is not English, we require official test scores less than 2 years old  from one of the following: TOEFL iBT or IELTS.

PLEASE NOTE: GRE scores are no longer being required for the SLHS PhD program.

Guide to Writing a Statement of Purpose

Below are some helpful hints about writing a statement of purpose to accompany your graduate school application.

• The individuals reading your application for the PhD program will want to know how you can contribute to the program. Therefore, the focus should be on how you’ve spent your time as an undergraduate and/or graduate student preparing for your PhD journey.
• Do not include too much personal information. You need to prepare a professional document — something that will convince the admissions committee that you are serious about doing PhD-level work. Anecdotes about how you got interested in the field or how you’ve always wanted to help people or make a difference are not a good idea.
• The document should be well-written, concise and free of typos. A sloppy document will send the wrong kind of message (e.g., it might send a signal to the admissions committee that you’ll be just as sloppy about your graduate work).
• If you can, be specific about how you fit into the program — in other words, tailor it to the school. Talk about the work of specific professors at the university to which you are applying. This provides yet another way to demonstrate your professional maturity.

Applications for International Students

To be eligible for departmental funding as a PhD student, all international applicants must meet the following department standards:

• English proficiency test scores are required of all international applicants whose first language is not English.
• TOEFL iBT: a minimum total score of 100 with minimum individual scores of 28 for speaking, 22 for writing, 22 for listening and 22 for reading.
• IELTS: a minimum score of 7.5 with no single band score lower than 7.0.

International transcripts must be uploaded or submitted in their original form and in translation, along with copies of any diplomas awarded.  Please send any paper transcripts to the SLHS Graduate Secretary .

Interviews for Admission

All prospective PhD applicants will be interviewed prior to admission. The applicants will be contacted by the department for the scheduled interview.

Application Deadlines

• January 1 (fall admission) and August 1 (spring admission)

Program Director

Dr. Beth Strickland is the graduate chair and PhD program director in the Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences (SLHS). Professor Strickland has been in this role for four years and has been a faculty member in SLHS since 1995. She is also the director of one of our two NIH T32 training grants that support PhD students and postdoctoral scientists. She has a long history of mentoring graduate students and research trainees in the department and is the 2023 recipient of the HHS Outstanding Mentor Award and Provost’s Award for Outstanding Graduate Mentor. Her research is on behavioral measures of hearing, particularly those that may reflect the processing of the peripheral auditory system.

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CollegeRank.net

Best College Rankings

Best PhD Communications Degrees

Communication is one of the broadest areas of study that can lead to numerous well-paid and secure careers, and earning your PhD in this discipline could help you to reach the most coveted roles.

With a PhD in Communications, you’ll be ready to pursue rewarding careers in academia, research, and numerous other fields. Your strong understanding of how meaning is conveyed across different contexts, social groups, and technologies means you could also find great success in marketing careers, government organizations, and many other industries. Let us help you make a decision abut doctoral programs.

• Top PhD in English Programs
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What Are the Best PhD in Communications Degrees?

At CollegeRank , we strive to do our best to guide you and your family toward a fruitful academic career. The pursuit of knowledge is a noble one, and we want to help you reach your goals. Please feel free to visit our dedicated methodology page for a step-by-step breakdown. For questions, comments, badge downloads, or data corrections, please feel free to reach out to us at [email protected].

Whether you are studying communication theories, strategic communications or an interdisciplinary field, there are doctoral programs for you.

Best Communication Doctoral Programs

Temple university.

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Average Net Price

Founded in 1884 as a night school for working professionals, Temple University has advanced to become one of the leading institutions in the nation, with around 40,000 students attending annually. Both undergraduate and graduate programs are available at the Philadelphia campus, with a total of around 500 programs offered. 

Temple University’s top PhD in media and communication degree program integrates studies in a range of areas, including social sciences and the humanities. This doctoral program will prepare PhD students for careers in education, consulting, finance, and others. In addition to working closely with your peers, PhD students will contribute to faculty research and publications.

Courses and areas of study will cover research areas like:

• Political communication
• Laws and policies relating to the media industry
• Emerging media and technology
• Global media
• Information and communication technologies
• Strategic communication

You’ll also have access to and benefit from guest speakers and events such as Best Practices for Publishing Journal Articles. Temple University was ranked among the 100 Best Values in Public Colleges by Kiplinger’s Personal Finance in 2017.

Purdue University

West Lafayette, Indiana

Ranking highly among the nation’s most innovative universities, Purdue University was founded in 1862 and continues to celebrate its rich history and traditions to this day. Examples include the institution’s on-campus, annual Grand Prix event, in addition to the official song sung by students: “Hail Purdue”. 

PhD students may earn a non-thesis or thesis-based master’s degree in addition to their dissertation-based doctorate. This can be in one of five specializations and research areas, including:

• Health communication
• Interpersonal communication
• Organizational communication
• Media technology & society
• Public relations

What’s more, there are opportunities available for cross-discipline study. Purdue’s School of Management allows you to combine your communications program with studies in human resource management. Other options include:

• gerontology
• information security

This highly flexible doctoral program structure allows you to tailor your program to your career aspirations. 

Rutgers University

New Brunswick, New Jersey

Rutgers was established in 1766, making it the eighth oldest institution of higher education in the nation, with a study body nearly 70,000-strong. Based at the New Brunswick campus of Rutgers University, the School of Communication and Information (SC&I) was established in 1982. It has one of the top communication doctoral programs.

The top PhD in communication, information, and media at Rutgers University offers three areas of concentration:

• Communication
• Library and information science
• Media studies

The curriculum focuses on information and media organizations and their processes, policies, and technology, in addition to how these organizations and processes relate to society and individuals. 

The communication concentration focuses on research connected to five research areas: 

• Communication and technology
• Language and social interaction

Faculty members include nationally and internationally recognized experts, many having received article, book, and career awards for their research areas.

Louisiana State University

Baton Rouge, Louisiana

Louisiana State University first opened its doors to students in 1860 under the name Seminary of Learning of the State of Louisiana. Programs are offered at both the graduate and undergraduate levels, and over $300 million in financial aid is given to students each year. In fact, around two-thirds of the student body graduates without student debt. 

LSU’s PhD program in communication is offered via the LSU department of communication studies. In addition to the PhD and several master’s degree options, prospective students can enroll in the M.A. to PhD fast track program, which results in both qualifications. Upon acceptance into the doctoral program, PhD students will work with the graduate committee to develop your individualized curriculum. 

The standard PhD track comprises 72 credit hours, including examinations and a dissertation; it’ll take around 4 years to complete or 7 years maximum (part-time). Through required core courses, PhD students gain a foundation in subjects such as:

• research writing
• communication theory
• strategic communication

Ohio State University

Columbus, Ohio

Prospective PhD students wishing to attend Ohio State’s doctoral program must already have a four-year bachelor’s degree or equivalent from an accredited institution. You’ll also need to evidence a minimum 3.0 cumulative GPA, in addition to providing transcriptions and evidencing successful completion of the GRE or GMAT. 

The coursework you’ll complete in this top communication PhD program focuses on providing a solid foundation in communication theory, in addition to how this existing knowledge can be used to generate new learning through research activity. You will have the opportunity to attend professional conferences, and you will design, plan, execute, and publish your own research findings. 

You’ll be mentored by distinguished scholars and guided in creating your own personalized program of study, emphasizing areas where your own interests meet those of the faculty. During your doctoral studies, you will also be encouraged to collaborate with world class faculty members and contribute to both journal articles and papers.

University of Minnesota

Minneapolis, Minnesota

The University of Minnesota has one of the top doctoral programs for communication. It has an annual enrollment of around 50,000 students, supported by 20,000 dedicated staff and faculty. Founded in 1851, the main campus – Twin Cities – is located on the banks of the Mississippi and is one of the only five universities in the country to boast dedicated schools for engineering, medicine, law, and veterinary studies on a single campus. 

While this communications PhD program is designed to be completed in five years, you may be able to complete the doctoral program in four years if you hold a master’s degree in communication studies. The PhD curriculum focuses on the connections between each subfield in the discipline of communication. 

Your first year of study will focus on foundation knowledge and central concepts and theory in communication. In year two, you’ll take courses related to your specific research interests and write a literature review to a publishable standard. Year three requires completion of the remaining coursework, with your final two years dedicated to dissertation work.

University at Buffalo

Buffalo, New York

Students at the University at Buffalo benefit from a huge range of opportunities outside of the classroom. Student clubs and organizations are vast, with more than 600 available to choose from. There’s also a Division I athletics program, regularly scheduled music concerts and other events, and frequent guest speakers present on a range of topics. UB has one of the best communication doctoral programs.

Coursework in this doctoral program focuses on research methodologies and the theory of communication, with students prepared to take on research-based positions in a range of industries. Unlike other doctoral programs that specialize in areas such as mass communication or speech theory, this curriculum is aligned with the faculty’s research interests. 

Graduate students are required to complete a minimum of 36 credit hours of coursework beyond the master’s program curriculum, maintaining a QPA (quality point average) of at least 3.0. You will also be expected to complete research electives, department electives, and free electives, in addition to producing two publication-quality research papers.

University of Illinois at Urbana – Champaign

Champaign, Illinois

Founded in 1867, the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign today welcomes around 47,000 students annually from around the globe. It has risen to become one of the top 15 ranked public universities and was the birthplace of the first graphical web browser. UIUC also counts 29 Pulitzer Prize winners among its alumni. 

The faculty at the University of Illinois’ Institute of Communications Research (ICR) come from three academic departments:

• Advertising
• Media and cinema studies

They’re also engaged with numerous interdisciplinary activities across campus, meaning you’ll receive a broad and well-rounded program of study in this program. 

Admission to the PhD in communications and media requires that prospective students  have either a bachelor’s or master’s degree that relates to an area within the humanities, physical sciences, or social sciences. The program itself requires the completion of 64 credits of dissertation research and coursework for those who already hold a master’s degree. 

University of Oklahoma

Norman, Oklahoma

Students at the University of Oklahoma have a choice of more than 400 clubs and organizations, organized events on-campus, and broad athletic programs. With a campus located close to the welcoming community of Norman, OK, and just a half-hour outside of Oklahoma City, you’ll never be short of activities outside the lecture hall. 

This PhD communication program allows specialization in one or more areas of interest. These research areas include:

• Intercultural/international communication
• Interpersonal communication and social influence
• Political/mass communication
• Communication technology

The PhD program requires a minimum of 90 semester hours beyond the bachelor’s degree level. 

PhD students enrolling in this program are required to take a number of core courses, in addition to earning 32 hours of coursework within a concentration of their choosing. Core courses include:

• Quantitative Research Methodology
• Advanced Statistics
• Qualitative research methods
• The History and Theory of Communication
• Information and Communication Technologies
• Strategic Communication

Florida State University

Tallahassee, Florida

Florida State University (FSU) has been ranked a top 10 university for best value by Kiplinger’s Best College Values. It’s also known for having the highest four-year graduation rate among the state’s public universities. The institution excels in particular in the arts and sciences. 

Including 48 credit hours of graduate coursework and at least 24 hours of dissertation project work, this PhD communication program provides you with a core set of common courses that will provide a broad understanding of the field of communication, and the methodological, philosophical, and theoretical aspects of communication scholarship. 

Florida State’s doctoral program offers supervised teaching opportunities, often including teaching at an undergraduate level in communication. You’ll also gain training in essential skills such as classroom management and research skills, which would be invaluable for any future university instructors. Regular workshops are also offered, which focus on innovation in e-learning methods.

North Carolina State University

Raleigh, North Carolina

North Carolina State University at Raleigh (NC State) is part of the University of North Carolina System and was founded in 1887. The student body comprises more than 35,000 learners and the institution specializes in programs in the humanities, social sciences, and teaching and research, making it an excellent choice for communications majors. 

NC State’s communication and English department is located within the Research Triangle, a growing community and highly regarded location of innovation and research in Raleigh, North Carolina. In this program, you’ll gain both teaching and research experience, and you’ll benefit from a flexible curriculum of core elective courses and seminars. 

The communication, rhetoric, and digital media (CRDM) faculty engages with other research departments and organizations within the Research Triangle, providing a wealth of expertise and experience for you to benefit from. You’ll cover subfields including:

• new communication media
• the cultural, political, and social aspects of information technology

Indiana University – Bloomington

Bloomington, Indiana

Indiana University Bloomington has over 700,000 graduate alumni who have benefited from nearly 400 study abroad programs and more than 750 student organizations. The university participates in 24 sports, with students known as Hoosiers. They also have a choice of more than 200 undergraduate programs and nationally recognized graduate programs. 

This PhD in media arts and sciences comprises 90 credits and provides a broad and customizable curriculum that can lead into many varied careers. It’s one of the top research doctoral programs in media and communication, featuring small class sizes and a leading faculty. 

As part of the admission requirements, you’ll need to have a four-year bachelor’s and two-year master’s degree with a minimum GPA of 3.5 at the master’s level. You will also need:

• recent GRE scores
• three letters of recommendation
• a statement of purpose
• a writing sample
• a copy of your curriculum vitae

The closest estimate you can get for tuition and fees at Indiana University Bloomington is by looking at the previous year’s expenses. Alternatively, you can get a reasonably accurate idea of your tuition and fees by using the university’s costs calculator on their website .

North Dakota State University

Fargo, North Dakota

Ranked within the top 100 public research universities, North Dakota State University (NDSU) features within the National Science Foundation’s top 100 for numerous areas of study, including the sciences, business, and communications. Accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, the institution has a total enrollment of around 13,000 students. 

The NDSU doctoral degree in communication is highly competitive. You’ll enroll in:

• as many as 12 credit hours prior to completing an application
• 60 credit hours beyond master’s level
• 30 credit hours in research theory or other content within your concentration
• 15 hours relating to research methodology

You will also be expected to complete a dissertation (15 credits). 

By graduation, doctoral students have typically published two to three papers or journal articles, in addition to having presented at more than one convention. This doctoral program will also give you a solid understanding of learning and teaching, making it ideal for those looking to secure a role as a university instructor. 

The University of Alabama

Tuscaloosa, Alabama

The University of Alabama was the state’s flagship university, having been founded nearly 200 years ago in 1831. Situated on a stunning 1,200-acre campus, the university boasts more than 600 student clubs and organizations, plus a broad range of opportunities for volunteering or completing an internship. 

PhD students enrolling in the PhD in Communication and Information Sciences can select from one of three signature research areas of the faculty:

• Emergent media
• Sports communication

Alternatively, you can opt to partner directly with members of the faculty, focusing on research activities pursued by these instructors. 

What’s more, you can tailor your coursework to specific areas of concentration that include:

• applied communication
• book and publishing studies
• health communication
• interpersonal communication
• media studies

There’s more information about each of these concentrations and their focus on the university’s program page. 

The University of Illinois at Chicago

Chicago, Illinois

As a freshman at the University of Illinois at Chicago, you’ll receive an introduction to campus life at orientation, and you’ll need it; located minutes from the Windy City, there’s always plenty to get involved in. More than 33,000 students attend this best value and most diverse university annually. 

For admission into the PhD in communication, you must already have a master’s degree in communication or a similar field, in addition to holding an average GPA of 3.0, or 4.0 for your final 60 semester hours. Other requirements include the need to submit GRE general scores and provide three letters of recommendation. 

You’ll choose one or more specializations in common subfields of communication, and it’s also recommended that you enroll in two courses in research techniques that are specific to your chosen specialization. After graduation, you can also choose to enroll in further concentrations to complement your degree, including:

• Black studies
• Gender and women’s studies
• Latin American and Latino studies

University of Massachusetts-Amherst

Amherst, Massachusetts

Situated in Amherst, Massachusetts, UMass Amherst is regularly ranked within the top research institutions in the country. It was also recently ranked at number 26 in a list of the best national public universities by U.S. News & World Report . More than 13,000 students attend UMass Amherst annually. 

For successful completion of this doctoral program, you’ll be required to complete a minimum of 60 credits beyond the bachelor’s level, in addition to a further 6 or more credits in research tools or methodologies. You will also be expected to plan, research, and complete a dissertation project of your own choosing. 

This communication studies doctoral program offers a particularly large number of specializations to choose from—14 in total—which include unique specializations such as feminist studies and performance studies. For more information on the potential specialization options, check out this page on the university’s website. 

The per-credit rate for tuition and fees at the University of Massachusetts Amherst depends on the number of credits being taken. For example, a single credit is only marginally cheaper than two credits, as the rates work on a sliding scale. Non-residents typically pay around twice what state residents will pay.

Michigan State University

East Lansing, Michigan

Michigan State University has been welcoming students through its doors for more than 160 years. Ranked as a top public U.S. university, top 100 global university and receiving a gold sustainability rating, MSU produces highly competent graduates who have a 93% placement rate, almost 12% higher than the national average. 

According to the program page, this doctoral degree in communication is considered one of the most prestigious programs of its kind in the world. Designed to last for four years, the PhD program requires the completion of a dissertation and regularly sees graduates offered roles in research centers, government organizations, and higher education institutions across the globe. 

After completion of the core courses, doctoral students typically specialize in:

• social media
• social influence and persuasion
• communication analytics
• organizational communication

Alternatively, you can also choose to specialize in hospitality research and hospitality program teaching.

George Mason University

Fairfax, Virginia

Founded in 1972, George Mason University is a private research institution that has fast become a respected university within the state of Virginia. The student body hails from 130 different countries and totals around 37,000 students. Around $150 million in research takes place each year and 80% of graduates find employment within 6 months of graduation. 

While a master’s degree in a related field is a prerequisite for this program, it means that you can graduate with the doctorate after successful completion of just 60 credits. Otherwise, the PhD program comprises 90 credits and involves the completion of a dissertation research project. 

You’ll work alongside faculty members to develop essential research relating to health and strategic communication. You’ll study:

• the consumer-provider relationship
• crisis communication

The program-specific requirements for this PhD include:

• submission of college transcripts
• an updated resume
• three recommendation letters

University of New Mexico

Albuquerque, New Mexico

Founded in 1889, The University of New Mexico offers more than 90 undergraduate degree programs and is within the top 20 for two of its programs. Over $70 million in scholarships were awarded to students in the recent incoming freshman year, for which you may qualify after completing the FAFSA . 

This PhD program applies the study of communication and culture, and how the two interrelate. Specifically, you’ll look at media studies, health communication, and critical intercultural studies. You’ll complete coursework such as Strategic Communication and Research Methodologies totaling 36 hours, in addition to committing a further 18 hours for your dissertation project. 

Upon acceptance into the program, the world-class faculty will help you to design a program of study that closely relates to your aspirations and interests. Faculty members include award-winning instructors whose work has been recognized on both the national and international stage, so you’ll be guided well throughout your program. 

University of Colorado Boulder

Boulder, Colorado

Part of the Association of American Universities (AAU), the University of Colorado Boulder was established in 1876 and has since grown to include its own natural history and art museums. Among its alumni are three U.S. Supreme Court justices, five Nobel Prize winners, and five National Medal of Science winners. 

This PhD program has been designed to follow a master’s degree, preferably within the same discipline. Assuming that you have completed a master’s within a related area, you could complete this doctoral degree in as few as 3 to 4 years. 

Through this doctoral program, you’ll gain a broad understanding of four subject areas. You’ll gain:

• a broad foundation in communication
• develop advanced knowledge of a specific specialization area and one primary research methodology
• expertise in a secondary specialization

University of North Dakota

Grand Forks, North Dakota

The University of North Dakota was founded in 1883, which was six years prior to the state of North Dakota being established itself. Sitting on a 521-acre campus, the institution has more than 250 student clubs and organizations, welcomes around 13,600 students annually, and is the largest university in North Dakota. 

Comprising 90 credit hours and taking an average of 3 to 5 years to complete, this communication doctoral degree is led by a faculty with expertise in:

• interpersonal and persuasive communication
• risk and crisis communication
• communication across digital channels including social media

As part of your application, you will be expected to submit your GRE general scores. You will also need to provide a statement of goals that outlines your motivations and career aspirations, in addition to submitting an original academic paper of around 10 to 15 pages in length.

Wayne State University

Detroit, Michigan

Wayne State University heavily emphasizes diversity and inclusion among its students, or Wayne State Warriors. Multiculturalism is encouraged, with students representing more than 75 countries around the world. In fact, this university has the most diverse student body of any other institution in Michigan. 

This PhD program offers specialization in five areas:

• Democratic participation & culture
• Identity & representation
• Media, society, & culture
• Risk, crisis, & conflict
• Wellness, worklife, & relationships

You will choose either one or two areas of specialization in which to focus more of your studies and research activity. 

Throughout this doctoral program, PhD students are required to complete a minimum of 30 credits of PhD coursework; at least two-thirds of these must be gained from the department of communication. And you’ll need to maintain a minimum GPA of 3.0 to successfully graduate from your program. 

University of Oregon

Eugene, Oregon

Situated a short distance from the Cascade Mountains and situated in the Willamette Valley, the University of Oregon comprises 9 schools and colleges and welcomes around 22,500 students annually. A third of freshmen are first-generation college students, holding an average GPA of around 3.65. 

When you enroll in this PhD communication program, you’ll work directly with the faculty as a co-author and teacher, contributing your own research alongside recognized names in the communications and media industry. Under the guidance of this R1 research institution, you’ll have expert instruction in areas like:

• global media
• journalism studies
• technology and society

This is also a fully funded research degree, meaning the institution will take care of your tuition. You’ll be funded for four consecutive years of study. Funded students receive a monthly stipend varying between $1,400 and $1,575. As part of this benefit, you’ll contribute 16 hours per week towards teaching and research activities.

New York University

New York City, New York

Founded in 1831, New York University (NYU) welcomes students from almost every state in the nation and more than 130 countries worldwide. The institution has campuses in both Shanghai and Abu Dhabi, in addition to 11 other study-abroad sites across the globe. In total, NYU has more students studying abroad than any other university in the United States. 

This heavily technology-driven doctoral program will prepare you for leadership or academic careers in the areas of research, education, and technology. You’ll employ the use of multimedia learning scenarios and conduct research into the learning processes that relate to groups and individuals that work with these environments. 

Available as a part-time or full-time program, and comprising 57 credits, this program features coursework in the areas of learning sciences and cognitive sciences. PhD students have the opportunity to work closely with preeminent scholars in this discipline, while conducting their own, original research on how technology is employed for learning purposes. 

University of Pennsylvania

Founded in 1740, the University of Pennsylvania employs a faculty nearly 5,000-strong, which helps keep class sizes low; there’s a 6:1 student-faculty ratio. Students participate in everything from clubs and organizations, to Greek society, and a student government. Penn State is also a member of the Ivy League, with many athletic pursuits available. 

According to the university’s website, the Annenberg School for Communication has been ranked for the nation’s best doctoral program due to a world-class faculty and well-designed curriculum that allows for highly individualized study. Many PhD graduates are already known nationally or internationally upon graduation. 

This communication research degree program lasts for five years and will require you to take introductory courses in both statistics and research methods, in addition to completing the core courses. You’ll need to complete a dissertation proposal and comprehensive examinations in order to progress to the dissertation phase. 

Drexel University

Drexel University is among the nation’s largest private institutions with a student body of around 25,000 learners. Comprising a 74-acre main campus, the university is located in a bustling urban city and has numerous other campuses and partnerships elsewhere. Drexel was founded in the 1890s, but began conferring degrees in 1914. 

This PhD in communication, culture, and media covers key subject areas that include:

• social justice problems
• the media’s treatment of immigrants
• political communication with a focus on war and conflict

Every admitted student takes the same five core courses, in addition to at least five courses within culture and communications. 

The remainder of your doctoral studies will comprise 10 courses geared towards your research needs and unique interests, in addition to having an option to take graduate courses offered outside of the department. You’ll also complete a dissertation and independent research and study to make up the remainder of your 90 required credits. 

Howard University

Washington, D.C.

Howard University comprises 13 schools and colleges and was founded in 1867. Students choose from programs in over 120 disciplines, with over 120,000 degrees in the arts, sciences, and humanities having been conferred to-date. As a student based on-campus, you’ll be studying on a campus that’s set in scenic natural beauty atop a hill in Northwest Washington. 

Howard University’s PhD in communication, culture, and media studies (CCMS) has a curriculum that’s centered around the emergence of communication issues in a developing multicultural and digital world. Key areas of study include competency in research methodologies and the advancement of under-served communities through social justice and multiculturalism. 

As a Howard PhD student, your studies will be focused in one of three specialization tracks:

• Media and cultural studies
• Technology, policy, and society

There are also teaching assistantship opportunities available, which you can make an application for once you have been admitted to this communication, culture, and media studies program.

University of Southern California

Los Angeles, California

The University of Southern California (USC), a leading private research university, is known for producing a high caliber of graduates. There were more than 310 National Merit Scholars in the 2020 freshman class, and the average GPA for incoming students is around 3.70-4.00. 

Graduates from this program are thoroughly prepared for and commonly pursue careers as university instructors. Your program will see you conduct your own, original research that advances the field of communications and contributes to the ongoing success of media and governmental organizations in the public and private sector. 

PhD candidates choose from seven tracks of specialization:

• Rhetoric, politics, and publics
• Media, culture, and community
• Health communication and social dynamics
• Groups, organizations, and network
• Information, political economy, and entertainment
• Political economy of global communication
• New media and technology

Columbia University in the City of New York

Columbia University was founded in 1754, making it the oldest higher education institution in the state of New York. The student body comprises around 40,000 learners of varying levels, with students participating in a broad variety of athletics and arts programs. And unlike many other universities, each club has its own webpage so you can find what interests you ahead of time. 

This PhD program in communications examines the relationships between society and the media from a cultural, political, historical, technological, and social point of view. Doctoral graduates will be expected to evidence their understanding of the broad field of communications overall, while gaining a more in-depth understanding of a specific concentration area. 

You’ll produce a dissertation that comprises your own original research, and you will defend your research in front of the graduate committee. Each academic year, you will also be expected to submit progress toward your dissertation to your faculty advisers, after which they will discuss and approve the work for continuation.

Stanford University

Stanford, California

Opened in 1891, Stanford University has a total enrollment of around 16,000 students annually. Its central campus is located in the San Francisco Bay Area and the university today comprises seven schools. 

The core focus of Stanford’s communication program is on communication processes, including how they were conceived and their impact on psychology, politics, and culture. PhD candidates typically share research interests in one of three key faculty specializations:

• Media psychology
• Journalism, media, and culture

Most PhD students choose one area of emphasis from the above, while studying the other research areas at a high level. Core courses focus on areas such as:

• qualitative and quantitative research methods
• mass communication theory

Throughout your communication studies, you will develop a research specialization, including the development of research projects and time spent teaching, culminating in an examination. 

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, a PhD in communications can open many doors for your career. You can work in research or academic settings, in advertising or business, and in sociological settings, to name a few. And with a terminal degree, you can likely earn the highest salary in your field. A degree like this offers other benefits, too: you’ll have a high-level set of skills, a detailed understanding of the principles of communication, and you’ll have the resources you need to be an effective communicator whether you’re writing or speaking. It’s a field with good growth potential, too – 8 percent or more, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, depending on the specific field in which you work.

The average cost of a PhD is $106,860, according to the Education Data Initiative. The cost of your communications PhD program depends on many factors, including the length of the program, the school you attend, and your residency status. The amount of financial assistance you get also affects the cost of your PhD. With grants, teaching assistantships, or both, you can significantly reduce the overall cost of your degree.

It’s common for universities to require a high GPA (e.g., 3.0 or higher on a 4.0 scale) for your previous college coursework, official transcripts from the universities you’ve attended in the past, and multiple letters of recommendation from professional colleagues or previous professors. It’s also standard for PhD programs in communication to require a personal statement, essay, curriculum vitae, resume, or some combination thereof. In  top communication PhD programs , you are typically asked to participate in an admissions interview in person or online.

Communications is not considered a difficult field of study, at least not compared to other areas that require a lot of math and science. However, any PhD program comes with some difficulty, considering the level of study. You will explore complex topics like global media, speech theory, and strategic communications. You will also be required to conduct original research and write a dissertation, which you must defend before your degree is conferred. Be prepared for a lot of work over the course of several years.

A PhD in communications typically takes about five years to complete, including a master’s degree along the way. If you already have a master’s degree, you can likely complete a PhD program in three or four years. The exact amount of time you need to complete your PhD in communications depends in large part on how many courses you take each semester and whether or not you already have a master’s degree.

Yes. Many communications PhD programs accept students with just a bachelor’s degree. In some cases, you will earn a master’s degree as you progress toward your PhD. In other cases, there is no master’s component; you graduate with just a PhD.

A popular career with a PhD in communications is to work as a college professor. Doing so allows you to teach and conduct research on communication topics of interest to you. Other popular choices with a PhD in communications include the following: • Art director • Editor • Graphic designer • Interpreter or translator • Photographer • Reporter • Technical writer • Author

You can earn around $80,840 per year as a PhD-level communications professor, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Starting wages are lower at about $47,000 per year. But as you gain experience and tenure, your salary can eclipse $170,000 per year. Other options and their median annual wages are as follows: • Technical writer ($79,960) • Editor ($73,080) • Interpreter or translator ($53,640) • Graphic designer ($57,990) • Writers and authors ($73,150) Your salary depends on many factors beyond your specific occupation. You stand to make more money as you gain experience. The same is true if you complete additional training, specializations, or certifications after you complete your PhD.

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Journalism and communication menu, journalism and communication, graduate programs.

In a competitive and rapidly evolving field, an advanced degree will help you stand out. The first step is deciding which of our immersive graduate programs is best for you. We offer a fully funded PhD in communication and media studies and five master’s programs. No matter which path you take, you’ll get to work alongside some of the best faculty and researchers in the field.

Advertising and Brand Responsibility Master's Program (Eugene)

This one-year master’s program in Eugene is the first of its kind. Forward-thinking organizations recognize they benefit when they make a positive impact on the world. And their brands need creative professionals to guide them. Become a leader in this global movement.

Advertising & Brand Responsibility Master's

Journalism Master's Program (Eugene)

During this one-year residential program in Eugene, you’ll learn the foundations of fact finding, writing, and multimedia storytelling from Pulitzer Prize winners and other leaders in the field. Get the professional communication skills to advance your career in any field—no past journalism experience required.

Journalism Master's

Multimedia Journalism Master's Program (Portland)

Designed for working professionals with communication experience, this two-year program offers evening and weekend classes. You'll get hands-on experience in visual, explanatory, and narrative storytelling while building the journalistic and technical skills to stand out in the field.

Multimedia Journalism Master's

Strategic Communication Master's Program (Portland)

In this two-year master’s program for working professionals, you’ll build the skills to advance your career in the evolving strategic communication field. Refine your abilities to conduct research, plan and manage campaigns, and more with a combination of classroom and hands-on learning.

Strategic Communication Master's

Immersive Media Communication Master's Program (Online)

In this first-of-its-kind, one-year, fully online graduate program, you’ll discover the power of virtual, augmented, and extended realities. Learn how to use these new technologies as ethical tools to solve social, environmental, and business problems, and get hands-on experience creating and using immersive content to reach target audiences.

Immersive Media Communication Master's

Communication and Media Studies Master's Program (Eugene)

Investigate the inner workings and impact of one of the most powerful forces in society. In our two-year academic master’s program, you’ll learn from internationally recognized faculty in a school with a legacy of over 100 years of academic excellence.

Communication and Media Studies Master's

Communication and Media Studies Doctoral Program (Eugene)

In our fully funded PhD program, you'll research media and communication under some of the most respected scholars in the field. Delve deep with interdisciplinary coursework spanning ethics, law, philosophy, politics, technology, and more.

Communication and Media Studies PhD

New Media and Culture Graduate Certificate

Today’s media landscape is vastly different than it was even a decade ago, and it continues to evolve rapidly. Add this interdisciplinary certificate to your UO graduate degree work while exploring the history, cultures, aesthetics, and production of new media with scholars across the SOJC, College of Arts and Sciences, and College of Design.

Learn More about the Graduate Certificate

Browse the graduate handbook for details about program requirements and resources. Explore our graduate funding page for scholarships, graduate employment, and other financial aid. Or fill out an information request form and we’ll get back to you with some answers.

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Fully Funded PhD in Communication at Texas A&M University

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Texas A&M University, situated in College Station, TX, presents an outstanding opportunity for individuals seeking a fully funded Ph.D. program in Communication. The program offers a diverse range of specialization areas, including Health Communication, Organizational Communication, Rhetoric and Public Affairs, Media, Culture, and Identity, as well as Communication, Politics, and Policy.

PhD Program Requirements

To be eligible for admission to the Ph.D. program in Communication at Texas A&M University, applicants typically need to hold a master’s degree in a related field. Strong academic performance, relevant research experience, and a compelling statement of purpose are important components of a successful application.

PhD Funding Coverage

Texas A&M University is committed to providing financial support to its Ph.D. students in Communication. Full-time doctoral graduate students are typically funded through departmental graduate assistantships. Successful applicants have the opportunity to serve as teaching assistants, gaining valuable classroom experience. Some students may also have the chance to work as research assistants alongside graduate faculty.

Communication graduate assistants receive financial support that covers tuition expenses and includes a 9-month stipend of $18,000. In addition to the stipend, there may be opportunities for additional summer teaching appointments, allowing students to further enhance their financial support.

Application Requirement

Prospective students are required to submit a comprehensive admission application package, including academic transcripts, letters of recommendation, a statement of purpose outlining their research interests and career goals, GRE scores, and a writing sample.

Application Deadline

December 15, 2024

Application Fee

A nonrefundable $89 application fee for domestic applications, and a nonrefundable $114 application fee for international applicants.

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The Top 9 Fully Funded PhD Programs

If you’re concerned about grad school costs, you’re not alone. Even with financial aid, many students find themselves taking on large amounts of debt. However, there are a number of options that can cover most – if not all – of your doctorate costs.

Table of Contents

What Is a Fully Funded PhD Program?

“Fully funded” means that the university offers sufficient funding to cover tuition fees and even a stipend to cover other grad school expenses . To cover gaps, many institutions offer additional support in the form of grants, scholarships, loans, and employment opportunities.

Though rare, some PhD programs offer full funding for all accepted students. Understandably, the admission process is highly competitive for fully funded PhD programs.

Students who don’t meet strict criteria – and aren’t offered full funding – will be expected to pay for their tuition and other study expenses. Most take some form of government funding to do so.

The Top 9 Fully Funded PhD Programs in the US

1. the university of chicago, the department of anthropology, phd in anthropology.

• Courses : Development of Social/Cultural Theory, Archeological Theory & method, and archeological data sets.
• Credits : 18 courses
• Delivery : On-campus
• Full funding : Full tuition, health insurance, and stipend (up to 9 years).
• Other support : Grants, fellowships, and teaching opportunities.
• Acceptance rate : 2.5%
• Location : Chicago, Illinois

With a culture that encourages independent thinking, the University of Chicago has produced more than 90 Nobel Prize winners and produced defining research in several fields. In this interdisciplinary PhD in Anthropology program, students can study with many of the university’s other departments, including: Political Science, History, and Comparative Human Development.

2. Harvard University, T. H. Chan School of Public Health

Phd program in biological sciences in public health  (bph).

• Courses : Biological sciences communications, principles of biostatistics & epidemiology, and computing environments for biology.
• Duration : Approximately 6 years
• Full funding : Stipend, tuition, and health insurance.
• Other support: Fellowships, awards, and grants.
• Acceptance rate: 6%
• Location:  Boston, Massachusetts

As the third-best university in the US , Harvard’s T. H. Chan School of Public Health has incredible prestige. With several specialized public health departments (e.g., Environmental Health, Health & Population, Epidemiology), this program also offers incredible flexibility. Students can courses from the Department of Public Health, Harvard Integrated Life Sciences (HILS), and even MIT.

3. Stanford University, Graduate School of Education

Phd in curriculum studies and teacher education  (cte).

• Courses: Introduction to statistical methods in education, research in curriculum & teacher education, and statistical analysis in education.
• Credits:  135 units
• Duration: 4-5 years
• Delivery:  On-campus
• Full funding : Tuition aid, assistantship salary, and fellowship stipend (for 5 years).
• Other support : Grants, travel fellowships, and emergency funds.
• Location: Stanford, California

Stanford University tops the list  of the best universities for Education Policy Studies, making this one of the best options if you want to earn a PhD in Education. This doctorate is one of the top fully funded PhD programs in education and offers six specializations, including elementary education, teacher education, and science & environmental education.

Note : In addition to this on-campus PhD program, many recognized institutions also offer free online PhD programs in education .

4. Duke University, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences

Phd in literature.

• Courses: Wide range of literary topics, including African American Studies, modern European short fiction, gender studies, and more.
• Duration: 6-7 years
• Delivery: On-campus
• Full funding  includes: Tuition, fees, stipend, and health insurance.
• Other support: Grants, loans, childcare subsidies, and financial hardship aid.
• Location:  Durham, North Carolina

As one of the country’s most renowned private research institutions, Duke University has ten Nobel Laureates under its belt. Their PhD in Literature program encourages students to pursue both independent studies and inter-institutional courses from other affiliated universities. Students are able to take as many programs outside literature as they wish. Typically, all PhD students receive a “stipend, tuition, and fees support, plus six years of full coverage for health and dental insurance premiums.”

5. Rice University, Jones Graduate School of Business

Phd in business.

• Courses:  Microeconomics, econometrics, theory, and dynamic optimization.
• Duration:  4 years +
• Full funding : Tuition waiver and $40,000 yearly stipend (earned as a research/teaching assistant).
• Other support:  Scholarships, grants, loans, and student employment.
• Location: Houston, Texas

Rice University is a well-known institution and is regularly recognized as one of the best business schools in the country. As part of its PhD in Business program, students can choose between one of four different concentrations: accounting, finance, organizational behavior, and strategic management.

Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering

Phd in biomedical engineering.

• Courses:  Experimental design & measurement, biological performance of materials, and advanced physical & applied optics.
• Duration: 5-6 years
• Full funding : Tuition scholarship and stipend.
• Other support: Fellowships, grants, assistantships, loans, and veteran benefits.
• Acceptance rate: 15%
• Location: Evanston, Illinois

Northwestern University is renowned for excellence across numerous disciplines, and its biomedical engineering (BME) program was among the first of its kind. The school offers a wide range of courses, from cell and molecular engineering, medical devices and instrumental, neural engineering, and more.

7. Columbia University, Teachers College

Phd in clinical psychology.

• Courses:  Brain & behavior, social problems for clinical psychologists, and personality & behavior change.
• Credits: 95
• Duration: 5 years (at least four years of residency)
• Full funding : Tuition, stipend, and health fees (up to 4 years).
• Other support:  Scholarships, grants, fellowships, federal work-study, assistantships, and loans.
• Acceptance rate:  7%
• Location:  New York City, New York

Columbia University offers a leading clinical psychology PhD program that focuses on the intersection between education, psychology, and health. Their fully funded, need-blind “Doctoral Fellowship” is given to incoming students for three years, in addition to financial aid in the fourth year (i.e., a $25,000 stipend). PhD students who receive this scholarship may be asked to work as research assistants or graduate teachers.

8. California Institute of Technology, Division of Engineering & Applied Science

Graduate degree in computer science.

• Courses:  Functional programming, computability theory, and advanced digital systems design.
• Credits: 54 units
• Duration: 3+ years of residence
• Full funding : Tuition charges and stipends.
• Other support: Grants, scholarships, loans, and work-study.
• Acceptance rate: 7%
• Location: Pasadena, California

Caltech is a huge name in technology education, with over fifty cutting-edge research centers and laboratories. This includes NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and astronomical observatories around the globe. To manage their rigorous course load, graduate students of the computer science program receive full tuition and a stipend of $45,000 .

9. Emory University, College of Arts and Sciences

Ph.D. in Economics

• Courses: Microeconomic theory, health economics, and market structure & imperfect competition.
• Credits: 55
• Duration: 4-6 years
• Full funding : Tuition, stipend, health insurance subsidy, and professional development support.
• Other support:  Grants, scholarships, loans, and student employment.
• Acceptance rate: 19%
• Location: Atlanta, Georgia

Emory University provides a liberal arts college’s atmosphere and opportunities combined with an urban research university’s facilities. This cross-registration program allows students to take classes at the university’s partner institutions, including Georgia Tech and Georgia State University, alongside their in-house courses.

Can I Earn a Free PhD Degree Online?

If you aren’t eligible for a fully funded program, that’s okay! We’ve written an article outlining the most affordable online PhD programs , the benefits, and how to apply to them!

Key Takeaways

Many US universities – including some of the country’s top institution – offer fully funded PhD programs and tuition-free online programs across various disciplines. You’ll just need to demonstrate that you’re eligible for the program through your academic performance and merit.

Once you qualify for full PhD funding, congratulate yourself on a job well done!

If you’re still weighing your options, did you know there are 1-year PhD programs online ?

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a phd be free.

Yes. Eligible students can obtain a doctorate for free if a university offers fully funded PhD programs.

How Do I Get a Fully Funded PhD?

To qualify for a fully funded PhD, you’ll be required to meet certain criteria and put together a strong application. You’ll also need to have an excellent undergraduate academic record, recommendation letters, persuasive personal essay, and graduate school entry exam scores .

Fully funded PhDs are incredibly competitive, so it’s important to plan ahead. As an undergraduate student, identify your dream school, and be sure to check the requirements and eligibility criteria. Next, work hard to meet these requirements – and set yourself apart – throughout your undergraduate studies.

Can I Study a PhD in the USA for Free?

Yes. Many US universities offer opportunities to obtain a PhD for free. For example, fully funded doctoral programs will cover your tuition and expenses. Free PhD programs don’t have tuition fees but students are responsible for covering their own expenses.

However, if you aren’t successful in securing a fully funded PhD and don’t like the free options, there are plenty of other ways to pay for grad school .

Lisa Marlin

Lisa is a full-time writer specializing in career advice, further education, and personal development. She works from all over the world, and when not writing you'll find her hiking, practicing yoga, or enjoying a glass of Malbec.

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Fully funded ph.d. programs in prestigious us universities: a gateway to academic excellence and financial support.

Sergei Korolev: Architect of Soviet Space Program

Sergei Korolev is credited as being the founder of the Soviet Union's space program. During his tenure, the Soviet Union saw many space firsts. This included the first satellite, Sputnik (1957); the first human in space, Yuri Gagarin (1961); and Luna 9, the first spacecraft to achieve a soft landing on the moon (1966).

While his name is well-known today, during his lifetime Korolev's identity was kept a secret (as were many activities of the Soviet space program.) This was in contrast to NASA and the United States, which publicly broadcast its successes and failures to the world.

Korolev was born on Jan. 12, 1907, in Zhytomyr, Ukraine — just a few years after the first airplane flights took place. Many astronauts and spacecraft engineers of the 1950s and 1960s were born around the turn of the century, when spaceflight was often considered an impossible dream.

Korolev didn't waste any time in pursuing his passion for aviation. At 17, he created his first glider,  according to the European Space Agency . He was educated at the Kiev Polytechnic Institute and the University of Moscow, where he began working on rocket propulsion (which was still a theoretical subject).

His work continued in 1931 when he created the Group for Investigation of Reactive Motion (GIRD), which created liquid-fueled rockets, ESA added. Liquid rockets have more flexibility than solid rockets because they can be turned on and off. Just two years after founding the group, the Soviet military took it over and renamed it RNII.

Then Korolev ran into bad times. The Soviet leader, Joseph Stalin, began persecuting his opponents under a program known as the Great Purge. A colleague of Korolev was arrested in March 1938, ESA said. The colleague, Valentin Glushko, mentioned Korolev's name to try to reduce his own charges. This led to Korolev's arrest in June, and he spent two years in various Soviet jails.

Starting the space program

Stalin, however, was in need of aeronautical engineers as World War II began. Korolev and other people like him were allowed to work from jail,  according to NASA ; Korolev was identified by Sergei Tupolev (a famous aircraft designer who was jailed himself), who asked for Korolev's help on his projects.

While still a political prisoner, Korolev was sent to Germany to inspect what was left of the Nazi regime's missile operations (after the United States had taken most of the best elements). Once Korolev was freed from jail after the war's end in 1945, he was put in charge of designing a Soviet equivalent of the V2 rocket. The result was the first intercontinental ballistic missile, known as the R7. Korolev's other work was put into a design bureau, the first of many that worked on Korolev's technology once he had developed it, according to NASA.

While few people remember the R7 today, everyone in the space world knows of Sputnik 1, which launched on Oct. 4, 1957, aboard an R7. This was the first human-made satellite, and it took the world by surprise because the Soviet Union was still considered by some to be technologically inferior. 

The United States, which was already working on a satellite on its own for the International Geophysical Year, attempted to speed up its attempts to launch something into space. The first U.S. satellite, however, did not fly until January 1958.

The Space Race

Throughout the 1960s, the United States and the Soviet Union competed in space, with the Soviet Union at first taking a strong lead in terms of racking up space firsts. Yuri Gagarin was the first human to fly in space on April 12, 1961, while the United States launched its first astronaut, Alan Shepard, in early May.

The Soviet Union also accomplished the first spacewalk (by Alexei Leonov). Under Korolev, the country also did surveillance of the moon with Lunas 1, 2 and 3. This was important because both the United States and the Soviet Union were thinking about landing humans there as an ultimate proclamation of who was superior in space.

While the United States worked on its famed Saturn V rocket that eventually hefted Apollo 11 and its crew into Earth orbit in 1969 — on the way to landing on the moon – Korolev's team worked on the N-1 launch vehicle starting in 1962. The heavy-lift rocket stayed in development for a decade, but never had a successful flight; its launch attempts included a huge explosion in 1969.

Korolev himself, however, did not live to see humans land on the moon. In 1965 he was diagnosed with cancer, and he died on Jan. 14, 1966, during surgery on his colon. Two weeks later, Luna 9 landed on the moon.

Additional resource

• ESA: Sergei Korolev: Father of the Soviet Union’s success in space

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Elizabeth Howell (she/her), Ph.D., is a staff writer in the spaceflight channel since 2022 covering diversity, education and gaming as well. She was contributing writer for Space.com for 10 years before joining full-time. Elizabeth's reporting includes multiple exclusives with the White House and Office of the Vice-President of the United States, an exclusive conversation with aspiring space tourist (and NSYNC bassist) Lance Bass, speaking several times with the International Space Station, witnessing five human spaceflight launches on two continents, flying parabolic, working inside a spacesuit, and participating in a simulated Mars mission. Her latest book, " Why Am I Taller ?", is co-written with astronaut Dave Williams. Elizabeth holds a Ph.D. and M.Sc. in Space Studies from the University of North Dakota, a Bachelor of Journalism from Canada's Carleton University and a Bachelor of History from Canada's Athabasca University. Elizabeth is also a post-secondary instructor in communications and science at several institutions since 2015; her experience includes developing and teaching an astronomy course at Canada's Algonquin College (with Indigenous content as well) to more than 1,000 students since 2020. Elizabeth first got interested in space after watching the movie Apollo 13 in 1996, and still wants to be an astronaut someday. Mastodon: https://qoto.org/@howellspace

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Sergei Pavlovich Korolev – the Father of Practical Astronautics

Sergei Korolev (1907 – 1966), Soviet Union 1969 CPA 3731 stamp

On January 12, 1907, lead Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer during the Space Race Sergei Korolev was born. Korolev is regarded by many as the “father of practical astronautics “. He was involved in the development of the R-7 Rocket , Sputnik 1 ,[ 1 ] launching Laika , Belka and Strelka  and the first human being, Yuri Gagarin ,[ 2 ] into space.

“Today we are witnesses to the fulfillment of the dream that occupied some outstanding people, among them Tsiolkovsky. He had prophesied that mankind will not stay on Earth forever. Sputnik is the first confirmation of his predictions. The opening up of space has begun.” – Sergei Korolev, on the night of October 5, 1957, after the successful launch of Sputnik 1.[8]

Sergei Korolev – Youth and Education

Korolev was born in Zhytomyr , the capital of Volhynian Governorate of the Russian Empire. His parents, Russian teachers Maria Nikolaevna Balanina (née Moskalenko),  from a wealthy merchant family with Greek and Cossack roots, and Pavel Yakovlevich Korolev, who was  of Belarusian origin, separated just three years after his birth. Korolev grew up with his grandparents in Neshin . When he was ten years old, the family moved to Odessa . There he completed an apprenticeship as a bricklayer and roofer. Korolev showed an early interest in aviation and, in addition to his job, worked at the local glider club, constructing his first glider K-5 at the age of 17. In 1925, Korolev began studying at the Kiev Polytechnic Institute . When the Kiev faculty was closed, he transferred to Moscow Technical University (MWTU) in 1926 and graduated. Before that, he completed an internship at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (ZAGI), where he came into contact with the design of powered aircraft. In 1929, together with S. N. Lyushin, Korolev developed and built the Koktebel glider. In the same year, under the guidance of Andrei Tupolev, Korolev created his first powered aircraft SK-4 as his diploma thesis.

First Experiments with Rockets

In the 1930s, Korolev began building rockets as part of MosGIRD, a group founded in 1931 to research recoil propulsion systems. There he received essential impulses for his later work from Friedrich Zander . Together with Zander, whom he considered a mentor, he was involved in the design and construction of the first Soviet hybrid rockets GIRD-09 and GIRD-X , among others. In 1933, he moved to the Rocket Research Institute (RNII) and became head of the Rocket Missile Department in 1934. In the same year, his scientific treatise The Rocket Flight into the Stratosphere was published.

The Great Terror

While working on the RP-318-I rocket-powered glider, Korolyev was arrested by the NKVD’s secret political police during the Great Terror on June 27, 1938. After two days of torture and threats against his family, he signed a confession in which he was forced to identify himself as a member of a counterrevolutionary Trotskyist conspiracy and a participant in acts of sabotage to obstruct development work. He had been denounced under duress by Valentin Glushko ,[ 3 ] who had been arrested three months earlier and who himself spent the period until 1944 in prison. Although innocent, Korolev was sentenced without formal trial on to ten years of hard labor in the gulag and five years of loss of civil rights. After spending time in several prisons and prolonged transportation, he arrived at the notorious Maldyak labor camp in 1939, where he nearly starved to death and became so ill with scurvy that his lower jaw was severely damaged and he lost many teeth.

In the First Circle of Hell

Through interventions of his mother with the support of the well-known pilots Mikhail Gromov and Valentina Grisodubova, the USSR Supreme Court overturned the previous sentence and Korolev was recalled from Maldyak only in November 1939. After renewed interventions by his mother and Gromov with NKVD People’s Commissar Lavrenti Beria , he was sent to the special design office of aircraft designer Andrei Tupolev , who had already supervised Korolyov’s thesis and was also imprisoned. The ZKB-29 special camp for scientists and engineers was under the control of the NKVD and was described from personal experience by Alexander Solzhenitsyn in the novel The First Circle of Hell . The ZKB-29 developed the Tupolev Tu-2 dive bomber in Omsk in September 1942.

Petlyakov Pe-2, co-developed by Sergei Korolev

Korolev applied for a job at an aircraft engine plant in Kazan , where Glushko headed the OKB-16 special design bureau for rocket engines under Sharashka conditions. Korolev participated in the development of the Petlyakov Pe-2 multirole aircraft to improve takeoff performance and climb performance with a switchable rocket engine. In 1944, Korolyov and Glushko were paroled from prison early and continued their work on rocket developments as employed engineers of OKB-16. However, Korolev was not officially rehabilitated until April 18, 1957. Korolev’s six-year imprisonment in the Gulag was erased from Communist accounts of the history of technology.

Becoming Chief Designer

After World War II, Korolev rose to become the chief designer of the initially military-only Soviet missile program within the NII (Scientific Research Institute). Korolev’s identity was kept secret during his lifetime, and in public he was referred to only anonymously as the “chief designer.” Korolev’s goal was to develop a civilian rocket program. In 1945, now holding the rank of colonel in the Red Army, he was ordered to Soviet headquarters in Berlin with other engineers and technicians. He was given the task of studying the German rocket program and locating associates of rocket engineer Wernher von Braun who remained in Germany.

The first A4 rocket (from German stocks) is transported to the launch site on a truck trailer. It was launched on 18 October 1947 from the Kapustin Yar test site, Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation, CC-BY-4.0

The Soviets placed a priority on reproducing lost documentation on the A4 rocket, and studying the various parts and captured manufacturing facilities. That work continued in East Germany until late 1946, when 2,000+ German scientists and engineers were sent to the USSR through Operation Osoaviakhim . Most of the German experts, Helmut Gröttrup being an exception, were engineers and technicians involved in wartime mass-production of A4, and they had not worked directly with Wernher von Braun. Korolev returned to the Soviet Union in 1946 with plans of German designs and German rocket designers. Among others, Wernher von Braun’s assistant Helmut Gröttrup and aerodynamicist Werner Albring worked on rocket technology development under Korolev’s direction in Kaliningrad (in Moscow oblast) and on Gorodomlya Island (now Solnetchny settlement) in Lake Seliger during this period. The first design resulting from this cooperation was the R-1 rocket of 1948, a copy of the German A4 based on materials available in the Soviet Union. Unlike the U.S., which brought German scientists to the U.S. with its Operation Overcast and ensured their naturalization and retention in the U.S. as early as 1946 with Operation Paperclip, the Soviet Union merely siphoned off their knowledge and used it in the crucial steps for spaceflight.

The Soviet Space Programme

Among Korolyov’s greatest achievements were the construction of the R-7 – the world’s first intercontinental ballistic missile – and the launch of Sputnik 1 in 1957,[ 1 ] but most importantly, the first space flight by a human, Yuri Gagarin , in 1961.[ 2 ] The R-7  was a two-stage rocket with a maximum payload of 5.4 tons, sufficient to carry the Soviets’ bulky  nuclear bomb  an impressive distance of 7,000 kilometres. However, despite the Soviet R-7 initial success, it experienced later failures as it was not intended to be a practical weapon. Sputnik 1 was designed and constructed in less than a month with Korolev personally managing the assembly at a hectic pace. The satellite was a simple polished metal sphere no bigger than a beach ball, containing batteries that powered a transmitter using 4 external communication antennas. Sputnik 1 was successfully completed and launched into space on 4 October 1957 using a rocket that had successfully launched only once before. After gaining approval from the government, a modified version of Korolev’s R-7 was used to launch Yuri Gagarin into orbit on 12 April 1961, which was before the United States was able to put Alan Shepard into space.

Variants of the R-7 Rocket, (NASA)

Korolev’s group was also working on ambitious programs for missions to Mars and Venus , putting a man in orbit, launching communication, spy and weather satellites, and making a soft-landing on the Moon.

Health Problems and Early Death

In December 1960, Korolev suffered a heart attack, which was followed by others. His cardiac arrhythmias were joined by internal bleeding and intestinal problems. Korolyev was admitted to a Moscow hospital. Doctors were going to remove painful hemorrhoids in a routine operation in January 1966, but in the meantime they discovered a large tumor in his colon and put him under general anesthesia. Tracheal intubation, necessary due to circulatory weakness, failed due to scurvy-related jaw abnormality as a late consequence of Gulag imprisonment; this caused his death on January 14, 1966. The Soviet government honored him by burying his urn in the Kremlin wall. In 1996, the city of Kaliningrad in Moscow Oblast, where he headed the experimental design bureau OKB-1 as chief designer from 1950, was renamed after him.

Losing the Race to the Moon

With Korolev’s death, the Soviet space and lunar programs suffered a bitter loss. Although work on the N1 lunar rocket was continued by his collaborator Vasily Mishin , it was discontinued in 1974 after several launch failures.[ 4 ] The identity of the chief designer remained a state secret in the Soviet Union during his lifetime. While in the U.S. his adversary Wernher von Braun made a high-profile appearance in the press and on television, Korolev was not known even in his own country. When, after the successful launch of Sputnik 1, the Nobel Prize Committee asked Nikita Khrushchev for the name of the chief designer, he replied that it had been the work of the entire Soviet people and that they had thus deserved the award. Only on the occasion of the state funeral in Moscow was this secret revealed.

References and Further Reading:

• [1]  The Sputnik Shock and the Start of the Space Race , SciHi Blog
• [2]  Yuri Gagarin – the first Man in Space , SciHi Blog
• [3]  Valentin Glushko and the Space Race , SciHi Blog
• [4]  The Russian Dream to Land a Man on the Moon , SciHi Blog
• [5]  “Sergei Korolev: Father of the Soviet Union’s success in space” .  www.esa.int .
• [6]  West, John B. (1 October 2001).  “Historical aspects of the early Soviet/ Russian crewed space program” .  Journal of Applied Physiology .  91  (4): 1501–1511.
• [7]    “Sputnik Biographies–Sergei P. Korolev (1906-1966)” .   history.nasa.gov .
• [8]  Joachim Kutzner, Kurt Kobler:  Der Sputnikschock.  4. April 2004
• [9]  The 2021 John J. Rhodes Lecture: Expanded Space Exploration , A Discussion with NASA Astronaut, Dr. Shannon Walker & Ambassador Barbara Barrett, Barrett Honors College @ youtube
• [10] Sergei Korolev at Wikidata
• [11] Timeline for Sergei Korolev , via Wikidata

Harald Sack

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