what is list assignment index

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Python indexerror: list assignment index out of range Solution

An IndexError is nothing to worry about. It’s an error that is raised when you try to access an index that is outside of the size of a list. How do you solve this issue? Where can it be raised?

In this article, we’re going to answer those questions. We will discuss what IndexErrors are and how you can solve the “list assignment index out of range” error. We’ll walk through an example to help you see exactly what causes this error.

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Without further ado, let’s begin!

The Problem: indexerror: list assignment index out of range

When you receive an error message, the first thing you should do is read it. An error message can tell you a lot about the nature of an error.

Our error message is: indexerror: list assignment index out of range.

IndexError tells us that there is a problem with how we are accessing an index . An index is a value inside an iterable object, such as a list or a string.

The message “list assignment index out of range” tells us that we are trying to assign an item to an index that does not exist.

In order to use indexing on a list, you need to initialize the list. If you try to assign an item into a list at an index position that does not exist, this error will be raised.

An Example Scenario

The list assignment error is commonly raised in for and while loops .

We’re going to write a program that adds all the cakes containing the word “Strawberry” into a new array. Let’s start by declaring two variables:

The first variable stores our list of cakes. The second variable is an empty list that will store all of the strawberry cakes. Next, we’re going to write a loop that checks if each value in “cakes” contains the word “Strawberry”.

If a value contains “Strawberry”, it should be added to our new array. Otherwise, nothing will happen. Once our for loop has executed, the “strawberry” array should be printed to the console. Let’s run our code and see what happens:

As we expected, an error has been raised. Now we get to solve it!

The Solution

Our error message tells us the line of code at which our program fails:

The problem with this code is that we are trying to assign a value inside our “strawberry” list to a position that does not exist.

When we create our strawberry array, it has no values. This means that it has no index numbers. The following values do not exist:

We are trying to assign values to these positions in our for loop. Because these positions contain no values, an error is returned.

We can solve this problem in two ways.

Solution with append()

First, we can add an item to the “strawberry” array using append() :

The append() method adds an item to an array and creates an index position for that item. Let’s run our code: [‘Strawberry Tart’, ‘Strawberry Cheesecake’].

Our code works!

Solution with Initializing an Array

Alternatively, we can initialize our array with some values when we declare it. This will create the index positions at which we can store values inside our “strawberry” array.

To initialize an array, you can use this code:

This will create an array with 10 empty values. Our code now looks like this:

Let’s try to run our code:

Our code successfully returns an array with all the strawberry cakes.

This method is best to use when you know exactly how many values you’re going to store in an array.

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Our above code is somewhat inefficient because we have initialized “strawberry” with 10 empty values. There are only a total of three cakes in our “cakes” array that could possibly contain “Strawberry”. In most cases, using the append() method is both more elegant and more efficient.

IndexErrors are raised when you try to use an item at an index value that does not exist. The “indexerror: list assignment index out of range” is raised when you try to assign an item to an index position that does not exist.

To solve this error, you can use append() to add an item to a list. You can also initialize a list before you start inserting values to avoid this error.

Now you’re ready to start solving the list assignment error like a professional Python developer!

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IndexError: list assignment index out of range in Python

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Last updated: Apr 8, 2024 Reading time · 9 min

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# Table of Contents

  • IndexError: list assignment index out of range
  • (CSV) IndexError: list index out of range
  • sys.argv[1] IndexError: list index out of range
  • IndexError: pop index out of range
Make sure to click on the correct subheading depending on your error message.

# IndexError: list assignment index out of range in Python

The Python "IndexError: list assignment index out of range" occurs when we try to assign a value at an index that doesn't exist in the list.

To solve the error, use the append() method to add an item to the end of the list, e.g. my_list.append('b') .

indexerror list assignment index out of range

Here is an example of how the error occurs.

assignment to index out of range

The list has a length of 3 . Since indexes in Python are zero-based, the first index in the list is 0 , and the last is 2 .

Trying to assign a value to any positive index outside the range of 0-2 would cause the IndexError .

# Adding an item to the end of the list with append()

If you need to add an item to the end of a list, use the list.append() method instead.

adding an item to end of list with append

The list.append() method adds an item to the end of the list.

The method returns None as it mutates the original list.

# Changing the value of the element at the last index in the list

If you meant to change the value of the last index in the list, use -1 .

change value of element at last index in list

When the index starts with a minus, we start counting backward from the end of the list.

# Declaring a list that contains N elements and updating a certain index

Alternatively, you can declare a list that contains N elements with None values.

The item you specify in the list will be contained N times in the new list the operation returns.

Make sure to wrap the value you want to repeat in a list.

If the list contains a value at the specific index, then you are able to change it.

# Using a try/except statement to handle the error

If you need to handle the error if the specified list index doesn't exist, use a try/except statement.

The list in the example has 3 elements, so its last element has an index of 2 .

We wrapped the assignment in a try/except block, so the IndexError is handled by the except block.

You can also use a pass statement in the except block if you need to ignore the error.

The pass statement does nothing and is used when a statement is required syntactically but the program requires no action.

# Getting the length of a list

If you need to get the length of the list, use the len() function.

The len() function returns the length (the number of items) of an object.

The argument the function takes may be a sequence (a string, tuple, list, range or bytes) or a collection (a dictionary, set, or frozen set).

If you need to check if an index exists before assigning a value, use an if statement.

This means that you can check if the list's length is greater than the index you are trying to assign to.

# Trying to assign a value to an empty list at a specific index

Note that if you try to assign to an empty list at a specific index, you'd always get an IndexError .

You should print the list you are trying to access and its length to make sure the variable stores what you expect.

# Use the extend() method to add multiple items to the end of a list

If you need to add multiple items to the end of a list, use the extend() method.

The list.extend method takes an iterable (such as a list) and extends the list by appending all of the items from the iterable.

The list.extend method returns None as it mutates the original list.

# (CSV) IndexError: list index out of range in Python

The Python CSV "IndexError: list index out of range" occurs when we try to access a list at an index out of range, e.g. an empty row in a CSV file.

To solve the error, check if the row isn't empty before accessing it at an index, or check if the index exists in the list.

csv indexerror list index out of range

Assume we have the following CSV file.

And we are trying to read it as follows.

# Check if the list contains elements before accessing it

One way to solve the error is to check if the list contains any elements before accessing it at an index.

The if statement checks if the list is truthy on each iteration.

All values that are not truthy are considered falsy. The falsy values in Python are:

  • constants defined to be falsy: None and False .
  • 0 (zero) of any numeric type
  • empty sequences and collections: "" (empty string), () (empty tuple), [] (empty list), {} (empty dictionary), set() (empty set), range(0) (empty range).

# Check if the index you are trying to access exists in the list

Alternatively, you can check whether the specific index you are trying to access exists in the list.

This means that you can check if the list's length is greater than the index you are trying to access.

# Use a try/except statement to handle the error

Alternatively, you can use a try/except block to handle the error.

We try to access the list of the current iteration at index 1 , and if an IndexError is raised, we can handle it in the except block or continue to the next iteration.

# sys.argv [1] IndexError: list index out of range in Python

The sys.argv "IndexError: list index out of range in Python" occurs when we run a Python script without specifying values for the required command line arguments.

To solve the error, provide values for the required arguments, e.g. python main.py first second .

sys argv indexerror list index out of range

I ran the script with python main.py .

The sys.argv list contains the command line arguments that were passed to the Python script.

# Provide all of the required command line arguments

To solve the error, make sure to provide all of the required command line arguments when running the script, e.g. python main.py first second .

Notice that the first item in the list is always the name of the script.

It is operating system dependent if this is the full pathname or not.

# Check if the sys.argv list contains the index

If you don't have to always specify all of the command line arguments that your script tries to access, use an if statement to check if the sys.argv list contains the index that you are trying to access.

I ran the script as python main.py without providing any command line arguments, so the condition wasn't met and the else block ran.

We tried accessing the list item at index 1 which raised an IndexError exception.

You can handle the error or use the pass keyword in the except block.

# IndexError: pop index out of range in Python

The Python "IndexError: pop index out of range" occurs when we pass an index that doesn't exist in the list to the pop() method.

To solve the error, pass an index that exists to the method or call the pop() method without arguments to remove the last item from the list.

indexerror pop index out of range

The list has a length of 3 . Since indexes in Python are zero-based, the first item in the list has an index of 0 , and the last an index of 2 .

If you need to remove the last item in the list, call the method without passing it an index.

The list.pop method removes the item at the given position in the list and returns it.

You can also use negative indices to count backward, e.g. my_list.pop(-1) removes the last item of the list, and my_list.pop(-2) removes the second-to-last item.

Alternatively, you can check if an item at the specified index exists before passing it to pop() .

This means that you can check if the list's length is greater than the index you are passing to pop() .

An alternative approach to handle the error is to use a try/except block.

If calling the pop() method with the provided index raises an IndexError , the except block is run, where we can handle the error or use the pass keyword to ignore it.

# Additional Resources

You can learn more about the related topics by checking out the following tutorials:

  • IndexError: index 0 is out of bounds for axis 0 with size 0
  • IndexError: invalid index to scalar variable in Python
  • IndexError: pop from empty list in Python [Solved]
  • Replacement index 1 out of range for positional args tuple
  • IndexError: too many indices for array in Python [Solved]
  • IndexError: tuple index out of range in Python [Solved]

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Python IndexError: List Index Out of Range Error Explained

  • November 15, 2021 December 19, 2022

Python IndexError Cover Image

In this tutorial, you’ll learn how all about the Python list index out of range error, including what it is, why it occurs, and how to resolve it.

The IndexError is one of the most common Python runtime errors that you’ll encounter in your programming journey. For the most part, these these errors are quite easy to resolve, once you understand why they occur.

Throughout this tutorial, you’ll learn why the error occurs and walk through some scenarios where you might encounter it. You’ll also learn how to resolve the error in these scenarios .

The Quick Answer:

Table of Contents

What is the Python IndexError?

Let’s take a little bit of time to explore what the Python IndexError is and what it looks like. When you encounter the error, you’ll see an error message displayed as below:

We can break down the text a little bit. We can see here that the message tells us that the index is out of range . This means that we are trying to access an index item in a Python list that is out of range, meaning that an item doesn’t have an index position.

An item that doesn’t have an index position in a Python list, well, doesn’t exist.

In Python, like many other programming languages, a list index begins at position 0 and continues to n-1 , where n is the length of the list (or the number of items in that list).

This causes a fairly common error to occur. Say we are working with a list with 4 items. If we wanted to access the fourth item, you may try to do this by using the index of 4. This, however, would throw the error. This is because the 4 th item actually has the index of 3.

Let’s take a look at a sample list and try to access an item that doesn’t exist:

We can see here that the index error occurs on the last item we try to access.

The simplest solution is to simply not try to access an item that doesn’t exist . But that’s easier said than done. How do we prevent the IndexError from occurring? In the next two sections, you’ll learn how to fix the error from occurring in their most common situations: Python for loops and Python while loops.

Need to check if a key exists in a Python dictionary? Check out this tutorial , which teaches you five different ways of seeing if a key exists in a Python dictionary, including how to return a default value.

Python IndexError with For Loop

You may encounter the Python IndexError while running a Python for loop. This is particularly common when you try to loop over the list using the range() function .

Let’s take a look at the situation where this error would occur:

The way that we can fix this error from occurring is to simply stop the iteration from occurring before the list runs out of items . The way that we can do this is to change our for loop from going to our length + 1, to the list’s length. When we do this, we stop iterating over the list’s indices before the lengths value.

This solves the IndexError since it causes the list to stop iterating at position length - 1 , since our index begins at 0, rather than at 1.

Let’s see how we can change the code to run correctly:

Now that you have an understanding of how to resolve the Python IndexError in a for loop, let’s see how we can resolve the error in a Python while-loop.

Want to learn more about Python for-loops? Check out my in-depth tutorial that takes your from beginner to advanced for-loops user! Want to watch a video instead? Check out my YouTube tutorial here .

Python IndexError with While Loop

You may also encounter the Python IndexError when running a while loop.

For example, it may be tempting to run a while loop to iterate over each index position in a list. You may, for example, write a program that looks like this:

The reason that this program fails is that we iterate over the list one too many times. The reason this is true is that we are using a <= (greater than or equal to sign). Because Python list indices begin at the value 0, their max index is actually equal to the number of items in the list minus 1.

We can resolve this by simply changing the operator a less than symbol, < . This prevents the loop from looping over the index from going out of range.

In the next section, you'll learn a better way to iterate over a Python list to prevent the IndexError .

Want to learn more about Python f-strings? Check out my in-depth tutorial , which includes a step-by-step video to master Python f-strings!

How to Fix the Python IndexError

There are two simple ways in which you can iterate over a Python list to prevent the Python IndexError .

The first is actually a very plain language way of looping over a list. We don't actually need the list index to iterate over a list. We can simply access its items directly.

This directly prevents Python from going beyond the maximum index.

Want to learn how to use the Python zip() function to iterate over two lists? This tutorial teaches you exactly what the zip() function does and shows you some creative ways to use the function.

But what if you need to access the list's index?

If you need to access the list's index and a list item, then a much safer alternative is to use the Python enumerate() function.

When you pass a list into the enumerate() function, an enumerate object is returned. This allows you to access both the index and the item for each item in a list. The function implicitly stops at the maximum index, but allows you to get quite a bit of information.

Let's take a look at how we can use the enumerate() function to prevent the Python IndexError .

We can see here that we the loop stops before the index goes out of range and thereby prevents the Python IndexError .

Check out some other Python tutorials on datagy, including our complete guide to styling Pandas and our comprehensive overview of Pivot Tables in Pandas !

In this tutorial, you learned how to understand the Python IndexError : list item out of range. You learned why the error occurs, including some common scenarios such as for loops and while loops. You learned some better ways of iterating over a Python list, such as by iterating over items implicitly as well as using the Python enumerate() function.

To learn more about the Python IndexError , check out the official documentation here .

Nik Piepenbreier

Nik is the author of datagy.io and has over a decade of experience working with data analytics, data science, and Python. He specializes in teaching developers how to use Python for data science using hands-on tutorials. View Author posts

1 thought on “Python IndexError: List Index Out of Range Error Explained”

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from django.contrib import messages from django.shortcuts import render, redirect

from home.forms import RewardModeLForm from item.models import Item from person.models import Person from .models import Reward, YoutubeVideo # Create your views here.

def home(request): my_reward = Reward.objects.all()[:1] # First Div last_person_post = Person.objects.all()[:1] last_item_post = Item.objects.all()[:1] # 2nd Div lost_person = Person.objects.filter(person=”L”).all()[:1] lost_item = Item.objects.filter(category=”L”).all()[:2] # End 2 div

home_found = Person.objects.all()[:3] home_item = Item.objects.all()[:3] videos = YoutubeVideo.objects.all()[:3] context = { ‘my_reward’: my_reward, ‘lost_person’: lost_person, ‘lost_item’: lost_item, ‘home_found’: home_found, ‘home_item’: home_item, ‘videos’: videos, } if last_person_post[0].update > last_item_post[0].update: context[‘last_post’] = last_person_post else: context[‘last_post’] = last_item_post

return render(request, ‘home/home.html’, context)

# Reward Function

def reward(request): if request.method == ‘POST’: form = RewardModeLForm(request.POST or None) if form.is_valid(): instance = form.save(commit=False) instance.user = request.user instance.save() messages.add_message(request, messages.SUCCESS, ‘Reward Updated .’) return redirect(‘home’) else: form = RewardModeLForm() context = { ‘form’: form, } return render(request, ‘home/reward.html’, context) index out of rage

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How to fix IndexError: list assignment index out of range in Python

by Nathan Sebhastian

Posted on Apr 05, 2023

Reading time: 2 minutes

what is list assignment index

When programming with Python, you might encounter the following error:

This error occurs when you attempt to assign a value to a list using an index that doesn’t already exist in the list.

This tutorial will show you an example that causes this error and how to fix it in practice

How to reproduce this error

Suppose you create a list in your code as follows:

Next, you assign a new value at index [2] in the list as follows:

You’ll get this error:

The error occurs because the index number [2] doesn’t exist in the animals list. Index assignment in a list only allows you to change existing items.

Because the list has two items, the index number ranges from 0 to 1. Assigning a value to any other index number will cause this error.

How to fix this error

To resolve this error, you need to use the append() method to add a new element to the list.

For example, to add the ‘bird’ item:

As you can see, now the ‘bird’ value is added to the list successfully.

Adding the value using the append() method increases the list index range, which enables you to modify the item at the new index using the list assignment syntax.

To summarize, use the append() method when you’re adding a new element and increasing the size of the list, and use the list assignment index when you want to change an existing item in the list.

I hope this tutorial is helpful. Until next time! 👋

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How to Fix the “List index out of range” Error in Python

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At many points in your Python programming career, you’re going to run into the “List index out of range” error while writing your programs. What does this mean, and how do we fix this error? We’ll answer that question in this article.

The short answer is: this error occurs when you’re trying to access an item outside of your list’s range. The long answer, on the other hand, is much more interesting. To get there, we’ll learn a lot about how lists work, how to index things the bad way and the good way, and finally how to solve the above-mentioned error.

This article is aimed at Python beginners who have little experience in programming. Understanding this error early will save you plenty of time down the road. If you’re looking for some learning material, our Python Basics track includes 3 interactive courses bundled together to get you on your feet.

Indexing Python Lists

Lists are one of the most useful data structures in Python. And they come with a whole bunch of useful methods . Other Python data structures include tuples, arrays, dictionaries, and sets, but we won’t go into their details here. For hands-on experience with these structures, we have a Python Data Structures in Practice course which is suitable for beginners.

A list can be created as follows:

Instead of using square brackets ([]) to define your list, you can also use the list() built-in function.

There are already a few interesting things to note about the above example. First, you can store any data type in a list, such as an integer, string, floating-point number, or even another list. Second, the elements don’t have to be unique: the integer 1 appears twice in the above example.

The elements in a list are indexed starting from 0. Therefore, to access the first element, do the following:

Our list contains 6 elements, which you can get using the len() built-in function. To access the last element of the list, you might naively try to do the following:

This is equivalent to print(x[len(x)]) . Since list indexing starts from 0, the last element has index len(x)–1 . When we try to access the index len(x) , we are outside the range of the list and get the error. A more robust way to get the final element of the list looks like this:

While this works, it’s not the most pythonic way. A better method exploits a nice feature of lists – namely, that they can be indexed from the end of the list by using a negative number as the index. The final element can be printed as follows:

The second last element can be accessed with the index -2, and so on. This means using the index -6 will get back to the first element. Taking it one step further:

Notice this asymmetry. The first error was trying to access the element after the last with the index 6, and the second error was trying to access the element before the first with the index -7. This is due to forward indexing starting at 0 (the start of the list), and backwards indexing starting at -1 (the end of the list). This is shown graphically below:

list index out of range

Looping Through Lists

Whenever you’re working with lists, you’ll need to know about loops. A loop allows you to iterate through all the elements in a list.

The first type of loop we’ll take a look at is the while loop. You have to be a little more careful with while loops, because a small mistake will make them run forever, requiring you to force the program to quit. Once again, let’s try to naively loop through our list:

In this example we define our index, i , to start from zero. After every iteration of our while loop, we print the list element and then go to the next index with the += assignment operator. (This is a neat little trick, which is like doing i=i+1 .)

By the way, if you forget the final line, you’ll get an infinite loop.

We encountered the index error for the same reason as in the first section – the final element has index len(x)-1 . Just modify the condition of the while statement to reflect this, and it will work without problems.

Most of your looping will be done with a for loop, which we’ll now turn our attention to. A better method to loop through the elements in our list without the risk of running into the index error is to take advantage of the range() built-in function. This takes three arguments, of which only the stop argument is required. Try the following:

The combination of the range() and len() built-in functions takes care of worrying about when to stop indexing our list to avoid the index out of range error entirely. This method, however, is only useful if you care about knowing what the index is.

For example, maybe you want to print out the index and the element. In that case, all you need to do is modify the print() statement to print(i, x[i]) . Try doing this for yourself to see the result. Alternatively, you can use The enumerate() function in Python.

If you just want to get the element, there’s a simpler way that’s much more intuitive and readable. Just loop through the elements of the list directly:

If the user inputs an index outside the range of the list (e.g. 6), they’ll run into the list index error again. We can modify the function to check the input value with an if statement:

Doing this prevents our program from crashing if the index is out of range. You can even use a negative index in the above function.

There are other ways to do error handling in Python that will help you avoid errors like “list index out of range”. For example, you could implement a try-exceptaa block instead of the if-else statement.

To see a try-except block in action, let’s handle a potential index error in the get_value() function we wrote above. Preventing the error looks like this:

As you can probably see, the second method is a little more concise and readable. It’s also less error-prone than explicitly checking the input index with an if-else statement.

Master the “List index out of range” Error in Python

You should now know what the index out of range error in Python means, why it pops up, and how to prevent it in your Python programs.

A useful way to debug this error and understand how your programs are running is simply to print the index and compare it to the length of your list.

This error could also occur when iterating over other data structures, such as arrays, tuples, or even when iterating through a string. Using strings is a little different from  using lists; if you want to learn the tools to master this topic, consider taking our Working with Strings in Python course. The skills you learnt here should be applicable to many common use cases.

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List Index Out of Range – Python Error Message Solved

Dionysia Lemonaki

In this article you'll see a few of the reasons that cause the list index out of range Python error.

Besides knowing why this error occurs in the first place, you'll also learn some ways to avoid it.

Let's get started!

How to Create a List in Python

To create a list object in Python, you need to:

  • Give the list a name,
  • Use the assignment operator, = ,
  • and include 0 or more list items inside square brackets, [] . Each list item needs to be separated by a comma.

For example, to create a list of names you would do the following:

The code above created a list called names that has four values: Kelly, Nelly, Jimmy, Lenny .

How to Check the Length of a List in Python

To check the length of a list in Python, use Python's build-in len() method.

len() will return an integer, which will be the number of items stored in the list.

There are four items stored in the list, therefore the length of the list will be four.

How to Access Individual List Items in Python

Each item in a list has its own index number .

Indexing in Python, and most modern programming languages, starts at 0.

This means that the first item in a list has an index of 0, the second item has an index of 1, and so on.

You can use the index number to access the individual item.

To access an item in a list using its index number, first write the name of the list. Then, inside square brackets, include the intiger that corresponds with the item's index number.

Taking the example from earlier, this is how you would access each item inside the list using its index number:

You can also use negative indexing to access items inside lists in Python.

To access the last item, you use the index value of -1. To acces the second to last item, you use the index value of -2.

Here is how you would access each item inside a list using negative indexing:

Why does the Indexerror: list index out of range error occur in Python?

Using an index number that is out of the range of the list.

You'll get the Indexerror: list index out of range error when you try and access an item using a value that is out of the index range of the list and does not exist.

This is quite common when you try to access the last item of a list, or the first one if you're using negative indexing.

Let's go back to the list we've used so far.

Say I want to access the last item, "Lenny", and try to do so by using the following code:

Generally, the index range of a list is 0 to n-1 , with n being the total number of values in the list.

With the total values of the list above being 4 , the index range is 0 to 3 .

Now, let's try to access an item using negative indexing.

Say I want to access the first item in the list, "Kelly", by using negative indexing.

When using negative indexing, the index range of a list is -1 to -n , where -n the total number of items contained in the list.

With the total number of items in the list being 4 , the index range is -1 to -4 .

Using the wrong value in the range() function in a Python for loop

You'll get the Indexerror: list index out of range error when iterating through a list and trying to access an item that doesn't exist.

One common instance where this can occur is when you use the wrong integer in Python's range() function.

The range() function typically takes in one integer number, which indicates where the counting will stop.

For example, range(5) indicates that the counting will start from 0 and end at 4 .

So, by default, the counting starts at position 0 , is incremented by 1 each time, and the number is up to – but not including – the position where the counting will stop.

Let's take the following example:

Here, the list names has four values.

I wanted to loop through the list and print out each value.

When I used range(5) I was telling the Python interpreter to print the values that are at the positions 0 to 4 .

However, there is no item in position 4.

You can see this by first printing out the number of the position and then the value at that position.

You see that at position 0 is "Kelly", at position 1 is "Nelly", at position 2 is "Jimmy" and at position 3 is "Lenny".

When it comes to position four, which was specified with range(5) which indicates positions of 0 to 4 , there is nothing to print out and therefore the interpreter throws an error.

One way to fix this is to lower the integer in range() :

Another way to fix this when using a for loop is to pass the length of the list as an argument to the range() function. You do this by using the len() built-in Python function, as shown in an earlier section:

When passing len() as an argument to range() , make sure that you don't make the following mistake:

After running the code, you'll again get an IndexError: list index out of range error:

Hopefully this article gave you some insight into why the IndexError: list index out of range error occurs and some ways you can avoid it.

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Data Science Parichay

How to Fix – IndexError list assignment index out of range

The IndexError is a common error that occurs in Python when you try to access an index that is out of range for a list. This error can occur when you try to assign a value to an index that does not exist in the list. In this tutorial, we will discuss how to fix the IndexError list assignment index out of range in Python.

Understanding the Error

Before we dive into the solution, let’s first understand what causes the IndexError list assignment index out of range error. This error occurs when you try to assign a value to an index that does not exist in the list. For example, consider the following code:

In the above code, we are trying to assign the value 4 to the index 3 of the my_list list. However, the my_list list only has three elements, so the index 3 does not exist. This results in the IndexError list assignment index out of range error.

Fixing the Error

To fix the IndexError list assignment index out of range error, you need to make sure that the index you are trying to access or assign a value to exists in the list. You can use an if statement to check if the index exists in the list.

Note that Python sequences also allow negative indexing so be mindful of this when checking if an index exists in a list or not. Let’s look at an example.

Note that if you’re sure that the given index is not negative, you can just check if the index lies in the range 0 to the length of the list using index < len(my_list) .

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If your end goal is to add an element to a list, you can instead use the list append() or insert() functions.

The append() method adds an element to the end of the list, so you don’t have to worry about the index. For example:

Here, we added the element 4 to the end of the list and we didn’t need to provide an index.

If you need to add an element to a specific index in the list, you can use the insert() method. The insert() method takes two arguments: the index where you want to insert the element and the element itself.

In this code, we are using the insert() method to insert the value 4 at the index 3 of the my_list list. Since we are inserting the element at a specific index, the IndexError list assignment index out of range error will be avoided.

The IndexError list assignment index out of range error occurs when you try to assign a value to an index that does not exist in the list. To fix this error, you need to make sure that the index you are trying to access or assign a value to exists in the list. You can do this by checking the length of the list. If you want to add values to a list, you can use the append() method to add elements to the end of the list, or the insert() method to insert elements at a specific index.

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Piyush is a data professional passionate about using data to understand things better and make informed decisions. He has experience working as a Data Scientist in the consulting domain and holds an engineering degree from IIT Roorkee. His hobbies include watching cricket, reading, and working on side projects.

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How to Fix “IndexError: List Assignment Index Out of Range” in Python

How to Fix “IndexError: List Assignment Index Out of Range” in Python

Table of Contents

The IndexError: List Assignment Index Out of Range error occurs when you assign a value to an index that is beyond the valid range of indices in the list. As Python uses zero-based indexing, when you try to access an element at an index less than 0 or greater than or equal to the list’s length, you trigger this error.

It’s not as complicated as it sounds. Think of it this way: you have a row of ten mailboxes, numbered from 0 to 9. These mailboxes represent the list in Python. Now, if you try to put a letter into mailbox number 10, which doesn't exist, you'll face a problem. Similarly, if you try to put a letter into any negative number mailbox, you'll face the same issue because those mailboxes don't exist either.

The IndexError: List Assignment Index Out of Range error in Python is like trying to put a letter into a mailbox that doesn't exist in our row of mailboxes. Just as you can't access a non-existent mailbox, you can't assign a value to an index in a list that doesn't exist.

Let’s take a look at example code that raises this error and some strategies to prevent it from occurring in the first place.

Example of “IndexError: List Assignment Index Out of Range”

Remember, assigning a value at an index that is negative or out of bounds of the valid range of indices of the list raises the error.

How to resolve “IndexError: List Assignment Index Out of Range”

You can use methods such as append() or insert() to insert a new element into the list.

How to use the append() method

Use the append() method to add elements to extend the list properly and avoid out-of-range assignments.

How to use the insert() method

Use the insert() method to insert elements at a specific position instead of direct assignment to avoid out-of-range assignments.

Now one big advantage of using insert() is even if you specify an index position which is way out of range it won’t give any error and it will just append the element at the end of the list.

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Python List Index Out of Range – How to Fix IndexError

In Python, the IndexError is a common exception that occurs when trying to access an element in a list, tuple, or any other sequence using an index that is outside the valid range of indices for that sequence. List Index Out of Range Occur in Python when an item from a list is tried to be accessed that is outside the range of the list. Before we proceed to fix the error, let’s discuss how indexing work in Python .

What Causes an IndexError in Python

  • Accessing Non-Existent Index: When you attempt to access an index of a sequence (such as a list or a string) that is out of range, an Indexerror is raised. Sequences in Python are zero-indexed, which means that the first element’s index is 0, the second element’s index is 1, and so on.
  • Empty List: If you try to access an element from an empty list, an Indexerror will be raised since there are no elements in the list to access.

Example: Here our list is 3 and we are printing with size 4 so in this case, it will create a list index out of range.

Similarly, we can also get an Indexerror when using negative indices.

How to Fix IndexError in Python

  • Check List Length: It’s important to check if an index is within the valid range of a list before accessing an element. To do so, you can use the function to determine the length of the list and make sure the index falls within the range of 0 to length-1.
  • Use Conditional Statements: To handle potential errors, conditional statements like “if” or “else” blocks can be used. For example, an “if” statement can be used to verify if the index is valid before accessing the element. if or try-except blocks to handle the potential IndexError . For instance, you can use a if statement to check if the index is valid before accessing the element.

How to Fix List Index Out of Range in Python

Let’s see some examples that showed how we may solve the error.

  • Using Python range()
  • Using Python Index()
  • Using Try Except Block

Python Fix List Index Out of Range using Range()

The range is used to give a specific range, and the Python range() function returns the sequence of the given number between the given range.

Python Fix List Index Out of Range u sing Index()

Here we are going to create a list and then try to iterate the list using the constant values in for loops.

Reason for the error –  The length of the list is 5 and if we are an iterating list on 6 then it will generate the error.

Solving this error without using Python len() or constant Value: To solve this error we will take the index of the last value of the list and then add one then it will become the exact value of length.

Python Fix List Index Out of Range using Try Except Block

If we expect that an index might be out of range, we can use a try-except block to handle the error gracefully.

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[Resolve] IndexError: List Assignment Index Out of Range

[Resolved] IndexError: List Assignment Index Out of Range

When does the IndexError: list assignment index out of range appear?

Python throws an IndexError if you try to assign a value to a list index that doesn’t exist, yet. For example, if you execute the expression list[1] = 10 on an empty list , Python throws the IndexError . Simply resolve it by adding elements to your list until the index actually exists.

Here’s the minimal example that throws the IndexError:

If you run this code, you’ll see that Python throws an IndexError :

You can resolve it by adding two “dummy” elements to the list so that the index 1 actually exists in the list:

Now, Python will print the expected output:

Try to fix the IndexError in the following interactive code shell:

Exercise : Can you fix this code?

So what are some other occurrences of the IndexError?

IndexError in For Loop

Frequently, the IndexError happens if you use a for loop to modify some list elements like here:

Again, the result is an IndexError :

You modify a list element at index i that doesn’t exist in the list. Instead, create the list using the list(range(10)) list constructor.

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Learn what causes IndexError: list assignment index out of range errors in Python and how to avoid and fix them by using valid indexes and methods like len(), append(), and insert().

One of the most common errors that Python programmers encounter is the IndexError: list assignment index out of range. This error occurs when you try to assign a value to an index that does not exist in a list. In this article, we will explain what causes this error, how to avoid it, and how to fix it if it happens.

What is a list assignment index out of range error?

A list is a data structure that stores multiple values in a single variable. You can access the values in a list by using their index, which is a number that represents their position in the list. The first value in a list has an index of 0, the second value has an index of 1, and so on.

For example, consider the following list:

You can access the first value in the list by using fruits[0] , which returns "apple" . You can also assign a new value to an existing index by using the same syntax. For example, you can change the second value in the list by using fruits[1] = "pear" , which updates the list to ["apple", "pear", "orange"] .

However, if you try to assign a value to an index that is out of range, meaning that it is either negative or greater than or equal to the length of the list, you will get an IndexError: list assignment index out of range. For example, if you try to assign a value to fruits[3] , you will get an error because the list only has three values, and the valid indexes are 0, 1, and 2.

How to avoid list assignment index out of range errors?

There are two main ways to avoid list assignment index out of range errors:

  • Check the length of the list before assigning a value to an index. You can use the len() function to get the number of values in a list. For example, if you want to assign a value to the last index in a list, you can use len(list) - 1 as the index. For example:
  • Use the append() method to add a new value to the end of the list. This method automatically increases the length of the list and assigns the new value to the last index. For example:

How to fix list assignment index out of range errors?

If you encounter a list assignment index out of range error, you need to identify which line of code caused the error and what index you tried to assign a value to. Then, you need to either adjust the index to be within the valid range or use another method to add a new value to the list.

For example, suppose you have the following code that tries to create a new list by adding one to each value in another list:

This code will raise an IndexError: list assignment index out of range because new_numbers is an empty list and has no indexes. To fix this error , you can use the append() method instead of indexing:

Alternatively, you can initialize new_numbers with the same length as numbers and fill it with zeros or None values:

In this article, we learned what causes IndexError: list assignment index out of range errors in Python and how to avoid and fix them. We learned that we need to make sure that we use valid indexes when assigning values to lists and that we can use methods like len() , append() , and insert() to manipulate lists without causing errors.

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Lists are used to store multiple items in a single variable.

Lists are one of 4 built-in data types in Python used to store collections of data, the other 3 are Tuple , Set , and Dictionary , all with different qualities and usage.

Lists are created using square brackets:

Create a List:

List items are ordered, changeable, and allow duplicate values.

List items are indexed, the first item has index [0] , the second item has index [1] etc.

When we say that lists are ordered, it means that the items have a defined order, and that order will not change.

If you add new items to a list, the new items will be placed at the end of the list.

Note: There are some list methods that will change the order, but in general: the order of the items will not change.

The list is changeable, meaning that we can change, add, and remove items in a list after it has been created.

Allow Duplicates

Since lists are indexed, lists can have items with the same value:

Lists allow duplicate values:

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List Length

To determine how many items a list has, use the len() function:

Print the number of items in the list:

List Items - Data Types

List items can be of any data type:

String, int and boolean data types:

A list can contain different data types:

A list with strings, integers and boolean values:

From Python's perspective, lists are defined as objects with the data type 'list':

What is the data type of a list?

The list() Constructor

It is also possible to use the list() constructor when creating a new list.

Using the list() constructor to make a List:

Python Collections (Arrays)

There are four collection data types in the Python programming language:

  • List is a collection which is ordered and changeable. Allows duplicate members.
  • Tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable. Allows duplicate members.
  • Set is a collection which is unordered, unchangeable*, and unindexed. No duplicate members.
  • Dictionary is a collection which is ordered** and changeable. No duplicate members.

*Set items are unchangeable, but you can remove and/or add items whenever you like.

**As of Python version 3.7, dictionaries are ordered . In Python 3.6 and earlier, dictionaries are unordered .

When choosing a collection type, it is useful to understand the properties of that type. Choosing the right type for a particular data set could mean retention of meaning, and, it could mean an increase in efficiency or security.

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Tommy Kahnle could be making his final rehab appearance Sunday, and Yankees manager Aaron Boone says the organization may activate Kahnle off the injured list as soon as Wednesday, according to MLB.com’s Bryan Hoch. Kahnle was assigned to Double-A affiliate Somerset Patriots on May 14 after making two appearances with Single-A Tampa.

Tommy Kahnle could be making his final rehab appearance today. If all goes well, Aaron Boone said they’ll look to activate Kahnle on Wednesday. — Bryan Hoch ⚾️ (@BryanHoch) May 19, 2024

Kahnle started 2024 on the 15-day IL with right shoulder inflammation and hasn’t pitched in a regular-season game since last season. The Yankees pulled the plug on Kahnle’s 2023 season in late September after missing the postseason; Kahnle’s offseason throwing session was delayed until December and he experienced a minor setback with soreness in early April, which has contributed to his extended time away from the team.

New York’s bullpen hasn’t suffered without Kahnle. In fact, the Yankees bullpen leads Major League Baseball in ERA (2.54), BAA (.202) and WPA (.399) entering Sunday. New York’s starting pitching without 2023 American League Cy Young Award winner ace Gerrit Cole isn’t bad either, and combined the unit leads MLB with 3.23 runs allowed per game.

Yankees Pitching RA/GM  3.23  (1st in MLB) SP ERA  3.00  (3rd, PHI 2.63 BOS 2.73) RP ERA  2.54  (1st) Yankees Bullpen MLB Ranks ERA   2.54  (1st) BAA   .202  (1st) OPS   .592  (2nd, CLE .580) HR/9  0.58  (2nd, CLE 0.41) WAR     2.6  (T-3rd) WPA  3.99  (1st) — James Smyth (@JamesSmyth621) May 19, 2024

Boone's distribution of bullpen work has been largely praised this season. The emergence of Luis Gil has made his managerial duties slightly easier.

Closer Clay Holmes is leading the charge with an All-Star caliber first half so far, allowing three runs (none earned) in 19.1 innings and 13 saves. Three of the AL’s current top scoreless inning streaks include Yankees pitchers – Holmes, starter Clarke Schmidt and reliever Luke Weaver (17.1 straight innings without a run; 2.25 ERA, 30 strikeouts and five walks in 28 total innings).

American League longest active scoreless streak 17.1 IP Luke Weaver 17.1 IP Mason Miller 15.2 IP Clarke Schmidt 15.0 IP Clay Holmes — New York Yankees Stats (@nyyankeesstats) May 18, 2024

The 34-year old Kahnle in his second stint in The Bronx will turn 35 on August 7. He is in the final year of a two-year, $23 million contract, and with the way the Yankees bullpen has performed across the board, may be wrapping up his time in Pinstripes in the coming months.

The Yankees (32-15) currently own the second-best record in baseball behind the Philadelphia Phillies (33-14) and sit atop the AL East, two games ahead of the second-place Baltimore Orioles (28-15). New York has won five consecutive games – tied for its longest stretch of the season with the five victories in a row to start the season and from May 3-8 – and aim for a sixth straight in an attempt to sweep the Chicago White Sox at Yankee Stadium on Sunday.

Joe Calabrese

JOE CALABRESE

Joseph Calabrese is an avid New York sports fan, who has previously made stops at and worked for major sports leagues and companies, including NBC Sports, CBS Sports and Bettor Sports Network. He is a huge Yankees fan and can be found on X: @JCalabrese1. He also co-hosts the "You Know I'm Right" podcast with fellow media member Nick Durst.

  • International

Helicopter carrying Iranian President Raisi crashes, state media says

By Antoinette Radford, Dakin Andone, Michelle Shen, Steve Almasy, Matt Meyer and Kathleen Magramo, CNN

BREAKING: "No survivors" found at crash site of helicopter carrying Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi, Iranian agencies report

From CNN's Artemis Moshtaghian 

Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi attends a press conference in New York on September 20, 2023.

"No survivors" were found at the crash site of the helicopter carrying Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi, Iranian state news agency IRINN and semi-official news agency Mehr News reported.

Some background: A former hardline judiciary chief, Raisi was Iran’s eighth president. The former prosecutor and judge was elected in 2021 following a historically uncompetitive presidential contest.

He oversaw a period of  intensified repression of dissent , according to human rights monitors.

Next in the line of succession would be First Vice President Mohammad Mokhber, if approved by Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

Iran's Supreme Leader serves as the final arbiter of domestic and foreign affairs in the Islamic Republic, dwarfing the powers of the country's president.

Unlike his predecessor, the moderate former President Hassan Rouhani, Raisi had fostered a close alliance with Khamenei. Many Iranians believed Raisi was being groomed to one day succeed the ailing 85-year-old Khamenei.

CNN's Tamara Qiblawi contributed reporting to this post.

Rescuers have reached crash site of helicopter carrying Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi

From Negar Mahmoodi and Artemis Moshtaghian

Rescuers have reached the crash site of the helicopter carrying President Ebrahim Raisi, Iran’s semi-official Tasnim news agency.

The agency did not say the condition of those who were on board the helicopter.

At least 73 rescue teams are in the area of the helicopter crash near the village of Tavil in Iran's East Azerbaijan province, according to Pir-Hossein Kolivand, head of the Iranian Red Crescent, Tasnim reported.

Kolivand said the "the situation is not good," according to Iranian state news IRNA.

It's 6 a.m. in Tehran. Here's what we know

Rescue vehicles are seen after the crash of a helicopter carrying Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi in Varzaqan, northwestern Iran, on May 19.

The crash site of the helicopter carrying Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi has been located, Iranian state news agency IRNA and semi-official news outlet ISNA reported on Monday. 

The helicopter crashed in a remote part of the country on Sunday.

As president of Iran, Raisi is the second most powerful individual in the Islamic Republic's political structure after Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khomeini. He became president in a historically uncompetitive election in 2021, and he has overseen a period of intensified repression of dissent in a nation convulsed by youth-led protests against religious clerical rule.

The crash comes at a fraught moment in the Middle East, with war raging in Gaza and weeks after Iran launched a drone-and-missile attack on Israel in response to a deadly strike on its diplomatic compound in Damascus.

Here’s what to know:

  • Others on board: Nine people were onboard the helicopter, including the country's foreign minister, and their status remains unknown as rescue operations continue through the early hours on Monday.
  • Rescue: Rescuers are contending with dense fog and extreme cold in the country's remote East Azerbaijan Province. A Turkish drone had located a heat source but have not reached the crash site nor located the helicopter. Turkey and Russia have said they are sending aircraft to help in search operations.

BREAKING: Rescuers locate crash site of helicopter carrying Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi, state media says

 From CNN's Negar Mahmoodi and Artemis Moshtaghian 

The crash site of the helicopter carrying Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi and the country's foreign minister has been located, Iranian state news agency IRNA and semi-official news outlet ISNA reported on Monday. 

Rescuers are approaching the scene of the accident, ISNA said, citing Pir-Hossein Kolivand, head of the Iranian Red Crescent.

State media did not give the exact location of the site. 

More to follow.

Analysis: Helicopter crash comes at a fraught time for region — and Iran itself

From CNN's Jerome Taylor

An anti-missile system operates after Iran launched drones and missiles towards Israel, as seen from Ashkelon, Israel April 14.

The crash of a helicopter carrying Iran’s president and foreign minister comes at an especially fraught moment in the Middle East – and for Iran domestically.

Israel’s war against Hamas and the subsequent humanitarian catastrophe that has unfolded in Gaza over the last seven months has inflamed global opinion and sent tensions soaring across the Middle East. 

It has also brought a decades-long shadow war between Iran and Israel out into the open.

Last month Iran launched an unprecedented drone and missile attack on Israel — its first ever direct attack on the country — in response to a deadly apparent Israeli airstrike on Iran’s consulate in Damascus that killed a top commander in Iran’s elite Revolutionary Guards (IRGC). 

Israel struck back a week later , according to US officials, hitting targets outside the Iranian city of Isfahan with a much smaller, calibrated response. 

Since then the tit-for-tat direct strikes between the two have stopped. But the proxy war continues with Iran-backed militias such as Hamas and Hezbollah continuing to fight Israel’s forces.

Meanwhile, Iran’s hardline leadership has weathered an explosion of recent popular dissent on the streets at home where years of US-led sanctions have hit hard.

The country was convulsed by youth-led demonstrations against clerical rule and worsening economic conditions following the 2022 death of Mahsa Amini in the custody of Iran’s notorious morality police.

Iranian authorities have since launched a widening crackdown on dissent in response to the protests.

That crackdown has led to human rights violations, some of which amount to “crimes against humanity,” according to a United Nations report released in March.

And while the protests for now have largely stopped, opposition to clerical leadership remains deeply entrenched among many Iranians, especially the young, who yearn for reform, jobs and a move away from stifling religious rule.

A former hardline judiciary chief with his own brutal human rights record, Raisi was elected president in 2021 in a vote that was heavily engineered by the Islamic Republic’s political elite so that he would run virtually uncontested.

While he is president, his powers are dwarfed by those of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, who is the final arbiter of domestic and foreign affairs in the Islamic Republic.  

Search teams reach site of heat source but have not yet found helicopter crash site 

Search and rescue teams have arrived at the location where a heat source was identified in the mountainous region of Iran's East Azerbaijan province, but have not yet located the crash site of the helicopter carrying Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi, Iran's semi-official FARS news agency reported.

Authorities had believed the site of the heat source could be related to where the helicopter carrying nine people including President Raisi and the country's foreign minister crashed.

Search efforts continued throughout the night and into daylight on Monday to locate the site of the crash under difficult weather conditions with dense fog and extreme cold.

China “deeply concerned” over Iran helicopter crash, willing to provide assistance

From CNN's Yong Xiong

China said it was deeply concerned over the “hard landing” of the helicopter carrying Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi, according to a statement from China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

The statement adds it hopes Raisi and the others aboard are safe and sound.

"We are closely following the situation and will provide all necessary support and assistance for Iran’s rescue efforts," the ministry said, adding that it hopes Raisi and the others aboard are safe and sound.

Representatives from Iraq, Pakistan, India, Armenia, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and the European Union also offered to provide support to the rescue operations.

Turkey and Russia have said they are sending aircraft to help in search operations.

Turkish drone identifies heat source in mountainous region of Iran's East Azerbaijan province

From CNN's Artemis Moshtaghian and Yong Xiong

A Turkish drone helping to search for the location where a helicopter carrying Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi crashed has identified a heat source in the mountains of the country's East Azerbaijan province, according to Iranian state media and Turkish news agency Anadolu.

The condition of those on board the helicopter is still unknown.

A burning spot has been detected and rescue forces are being sent to that area known as Tavil, the country's semi-official FARS news agency reported.

The Turkish drone identified the heat source and shares its coordinates with Iranian authorities, Anadolu reported.

Raisi's helicopter was carrying 9 people when it crashed

From CNN's Artemis Moshtaghian

In this third-party photo provided by the Islamic Republic News Agency and West Asia News Agency, a helicopter carrying Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi takes off near the Iran-Azerbaijan border on May 19.

Nine people were on the helicopter that crashed in northwest Iran on Sunday, including three officials, an imam and flight and security team members, Iran's Tasnim news reported. 

The IRGC-run media outlet, Sepah, reported the nine included: Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi, Foreign Minister Hossein Amir Abdollahian; Governor of Eastern Azerbaijan province Malek Rahmati, Tabriz’s Friday prayer Imam Mohammad Ali Alehashem as well as a pilot, copilot, crew chief, head of security and another bodyguard.

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The Prosecution’s Case Is Wrapping Up in Trump’s Trial. What Happens Next?

The prosecution is nearing its end. Then, defense lawyers will get their chance to poke holes in the case before the question is put in jurors’ hands.

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Former President Donald J. Trump in a court hallway. He is holding papers and wearing a suit.

By Jonah E. Bromwich

  • Published May 14, 2024 Updated May 17, 2024

The Manhattan district attorney’s office will soon conclude its case against Donald J. Trump, after having questioned 19 witnesses in an effort to prove that the former president committed 34 felonies. For now, Michael D. Cohen, Mr. Trump’s one-time lawyer and fixer who is being cross-examined, will be the last witness of the prosecution's case.

After Mr. Cohen is off the stand, the defense will have an opportunity to present its own case, calling witnesses and questioning them to try to seed reasonable doubt within the jury. Prosecutors can then put on additional witnesses to rebut expert witness testimony.

But the defense is not required to put on a case, and no defendant is ever required to testify. It is unclear whether Mr. Trump’s lawyers are seeking to call witnesses, including Mr. Trump himself. On Tuesday, Mr. Trump’s lawyers indicated that they had not made a decision as to whether he would testify.

After the defense’s opportunity to present witnesses and evidence, lawyers for both sides deliver closing arguments. That’s when the lawyers summarize the case that jurors have just seen.

Though those arguments typically bear some similarity to the opening statements that begin the trial, they tend to be even more forceful. Lawyers weave together evidence and testimony to convince the jurors either that they have witnessed proof that a crime was committed or that they should acquit because there is plenty of reason for doubt. In New York state courts, defense lawyers offer their summations first, and prosecutors follow.

After closing arguments, the judge will read the jurors instructions that will help them determine the verdict. This is an important moment for both sides: The case against Mr. Trump involves 34 criminal counts that have been charged as felonies because prosecutors say that the former president falsified business records to conceal a second crime . They have argued to the jury that the second crime was a violation of New York’s election law.

Prosecutors do not actually have to prove to the jury beyond a reasonable doubt that Mr. Trump committed that election crime, and it is not clear how the judge will explain to the jury what they should consider. His explanation will be important in the outcome of this complex case.

After the jurors are instructed, they will deliberate. A judge will typically allow deliberations to run for several days, if they must, and urge jurors to reach some kind of agreement. If they can’t, the judge would declare a mistrial — and prosecutors could bring the case again.

If the jury reaches an unanimous verdict, the jurors would return to the courtroom, in this case to announce whether the former president, Mr. Trump, is guilty or not.

what is list assignment index

Who Are Key Players in the Trump Manhattan Criminal Trial?

The first criminal trial of former President Donald J. Trump is underway. Take a closer look at central figures related to the case.

Jonah E. Bromwich covers criminal justice in New York, with a focus on the Manhattan district attorney’s office and state criminal courts in Manhattan. More about Jonah E. Bromwich

Our Coverage of the Trump Hush-Money Trial

News and Analysis

As Donald Trump’s criminal trial enters its final stage, several legal experts say the case remains the prosecution’s to lose .

Michael Cohen, Trump’s one-time fixer and the key witness in the trial, faced hours of bruising questions  from a defense lawyer who sought to destroy his credibility with jurors.

The trial has underscored Trump’s favored tactics and behavior over the decades  — using allies as bullies, obsessing over the press, placing a premium on beauty and encouraging shows of loyalty.

More on Trump’s Legal Troubles

Key Inquiries: Trump faces several investigations  at both the state and the federal levels, into matters related to his business and political careers.

Case Tracker:  Keep track of the developments in the criminal cases  involving the former president.

What if Trump Is Convicted?: Could he go to prison ? And will any of the proceedings hinder Trump’s presidential campaign? Here is what we know , and what we don’t know .

Trump on Trial Newsletter: Sign up here  to get the latest news and analysis  on the cases in New York, Florida, Georgia and Washington, D.C.

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  1. Python error: IndexError: list assignment index out of range

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  2. Python Indexerror: list assignment index out of range Solution

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  5. Python IndexError: List Index Out of Range Error Explained

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  6. How to fix IndexError: list assignment index out of range in Python

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  7. How to Fix the "List index out of range" Error in Python

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  14. How to Fix list assignment index out of range in Python

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  16. python: list assignment index out of range

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  22. Live updates: Iran President Ebrahim Raisi in helicopter crash in East

    A helicopter carrying Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi crashed while he was visiting a northern region in the country Sunday, according to the Iranian state news agency IRNA. Follow for live updates.

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  28. IndexError: list assignment index out of range Python 3

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  29. The Prosecution's Case Is Wrapping Up in Trump's Trial. What Happens

    The prosecution is nearing its end. Then, defense lawyers will get their chance to poke holes in the case before the question is put in jurors' hands. By Jonah E. Bromwich The Manhattan district ...

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