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76+ Fun Science Writing Prompts For Students

Science is all around us – from the tiny cells in our bodies to the vast galaxies in outer space. For budding young scientists and writers, there’s no better way to explore their interests than through writing! This post contains over 76 fun, thought-provoking science writing prompts perfect for students of all ages from elementary to high school.

Covering topics like biology, chemistry, physics and more, as well as journal ideas to get those creative juices flowing. Whether it’s imagining travelling to a new planet or designing their own robot, kids will love putting pen to paper with these science-themed prompts. So grab a notebook and let’s get started on an exciting scientific writing adventure!

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From understanding the weather to exploring new frontiers in technology, science opens up a world of possibilities. Spark your student’s imagination with these diverse science writing prompts covering biology, chemistry, physics, and more.

• Describe a world-changing scientific discovery from the perspective of the scientist who made it. Explore the emotions, challenges, and implications of this breakthrough.
• A scientist invents a time machine but faces a moral dilemma about whether to change a critical moment in history. Write about the decision-making process and its consequences.
• Imagine being an astronaut on a mission to explore a habitable exoplanet. Describe the journey, the landing, and the challenges of establishing the first human colony on an alien world.
• Explore your thoughts on climate change. What actions can individuals take to mitigate its effects, and how can science contribute to finding sustainable solutions?
• Write a narrative from the perspective of a highly advanced artificial intelligence. Explore the AI’s thoughts, feelings, and experiences as it interacts with humans and the world.
• A scientific experiment unexpectedly opens a portal to parallel universes . Explore the consequences and interactions between different versions of the same characters.
• Scientists develop a groundbreaking technology that allows parents to customise their child’s genetic traits. Explore the ethical implications and societal consequences of this technology.
• Reflect on the complexity of the human brain. Consider how neuroscience advancements contribute to our understanding of cognition, emotions, and consciousness.
• In a post-apocalyptic world, one scientist remains with the knowledge to rebuild society. Explore the challenges and responsibilities of being the last hope for scientific progress.
• A linguist is tasked with deciphering the language of an extraterrestrial species. Explore the challenges, breakthroughs, and cultural exchanges that occur during the process.
• Scientists develop a technology that allows people to share thoughts and emotions directly. Explore the impact on relationships, privacy, and society as a whole.
• A research team discovers a cure for a deadly disease but faces ethical challenges in its distribution. Explore the ethical dilemmas and decisions that the scientists must make.
• Explore a future where artificial intelligence gains self-awareness and questions its role in serving humans. What happens when AI systems rebel against their creators?
• Imagine a world where all living organisms emit light through bioluminescence. Describe the ecological interactions, adaptations, and cultural aspects of a society in this unique environment.
• A scientist develops a device that allows people to enter and explore their dreams. Explore the psychological and philosophical implications of this invention.
• Write a story about the challenges faced by the first human colony on Mars. Address issues such as isolation, resource management, and the psychological impact of living on another planet.
• Consider the microscopic organisms that exist around us. Reflect on the importance of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in maintaining life on Earth.
• Miniaturise a group of scientists and send them on an adventure inside the human body. Explore the challenges and discoveries as they navigate the microscopic world.
• Set a story in a future where climate change has drastically altered the Earth. Follow a group of scientists as they embark on a journey to reverse or adapt to the changes.
• Scientists invent a teleportation device, but users report strange experiences during the process. Explore the consequences and mysteries surrounding this new mode of transportation.
• Consider the role of technology in society. Reflect on the positive and negative impacts of technological advancements, and explore your thoughts on ethical considerations related to technology.
• A breakthrough leads to the discovery of a method for achieving immortality. Explore the societal, ethical, and personal implications of a world where everyone can live forever.
• Write about a team of scientists solving long-standing mysteries, like the nature of dark matter, the origin of the universe, or the cure for a mysterious ailment. Explore the journey and the impact of their discoveries.
• Consider the benefits and challenges of solar, wind, and hydropower, and explore their role in addressing climate change.
•  During a science experiment, something goes wrong, and you shrink down to the size of an atom! Describe your journey through the microscopic world, encountering the wonders and dangers of this unseen realm. 
• Explore the ethical considerations surrounding biotechnology. Reflect on the possibilities and challenges of genetic engineering, cloning, and other advancements in biotechnology.
• In a society obsessed with genetic engineering, you are born with a unique genetic anomaly that gives you extraordinary abilities. But how do you deal with the prejudice and fear your difference inspires in others?
• Reflect on the water cycle and its significance in sustaining life on Earth. Consider the impact of human activities on water resources and ways to promote water conservation.
• You discover that plants are not only sentient but possess hidden intelligence and a unique perspective on the world. Write a story exploring your communication with them and the ecological and ethical implications of your discovery.
• You develop a technology that allows minds to be uploaded into digital avatars, offering immortality but raising questions about the nature of consciousness and the ethics of digital existence. Explore the societal debate and your own conflicting emotions as you face the decision to upload your own mind.
• Reflect on the vastness of the universe. If you could visit any celestial body, which one would it be and why? Describe your journey and the scientific discoveries you might make.
• Consider the invisible forces that shape our world, such as gravity, magnetism, or electromagnetism. How do these forces impact your daily life, and what would life be like without them?
• Explore the concept of biodiversity. Reflect on the variety of life on Earth, its importance to ecosystems, and how each species contributes to the delicate balance of nature.
• Reflect on the role of robots in today’s society. Consider how robots are used in various fields, from manufacturing to healthcare, and reflect on the ethical considerations surrounding their integration.
• Dive into the world of sound. Reflect on how sound waves travel, the impact of different frequencies, and the role of sound in communication and the natural environment.
• Imagine you are a photon travelling through space. Reflect on the journey from a distant star to Earth, considering the challenges and experiences along the way.

See this list of sci-fi writing prompts and story ideas for more inspiration.

The building blocks of life – that’s biology! From the smallest cells to the most complex ecosystems, there are endless topics to explore in the scientific study of living organisms. These biology writing prompts will get students thinking critically about plants, animals, human anatomy, and more.

• Write a fictional story that follows the evolution of a species over millions of years. Explore the environmental challenges, adaptations, and speciation events that shape the evolutionary path.
• Imagine you are a cell within the human body. Write a first-person narrative describing your daily activities, interactions with other cells, and the role you play in maintaining the body’s health.
• Research and write about a specific genetic disorder. Discuss its causes, symptoms, and the impact it has on individuals and their families. Explore current research and potential treatments.
• Choose a specific ecosystem and describe the interdependence among various organisms, highlighting the roles of producers, consumers, and decomposers.
• Investigate the diverse world of microorganisms. Write about the importance of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in maintaining ecological balance and their applications in fields like medicine and biotechnology.
• Reflect on the ethical considerations of cloning. Discuss the potential benefits and risks of cloning animals or humans and explore the societal implications of this technology.
• Choose a biome (e.g., rainforest, desert, tundra) and explore its unique biodiversity. Discuss the plant and animal adaptations that allow them to thrive in that specific environment.
• Write a creative story that takes place inside the human body. Explore the journey of nutrients, the functions of organs, and the interactions between different body systems.
• Research and write about the potential applications of stem cells in medicine. Discuss their role in regenerative medicine, organ transplantation, and treatment of various diseases.
• Reflect on your personal ecological footprint. Calculate and discuss the environmental impact of your lifestyle choices, considering factors like energy consumption, waste production, and dietary habits.

See our Earth Day writing prompts for more environmental writing ideas.

Chemistry is the fascinating science of matter, its properties, and how substances interact with one another. These chemistry writing prompts will have students experimenting with creative ways to describe chemical reactions, the periodic table, acids and bases, and other key chemistry concepts.

• Write a creative story where the characters are elements or compounds undergoing a chemical reaction. Describe the characters, their interactions, and the products of the reaction.
• Choose an element from the periodic table and write a poem that captures its properties, uses, and significance. Use metaphor and imagery to bring the element to life.
• Explore the chemical reactions that occur during cooking. Write about the transformations of ingredients, the Maillard reaction, and the role of acids and bases in creating delicious dishes.
• Create a dialogue or short play where different types of chemical bonds (ionic, covalent, metallic) are characters engaged in a conversation. Explore the nature of their relationships.
• Research and write about the environmental impact of a specific chemical or group of chemicals. Discuss pollution, bioaccumulation, and potential alternatives or solutions.
• Imagine a world where molecules are sentient beings. Write a story where molecules embark on adventures, exploring different environments and undergoing various chemical reactions.
• Explore the science behind colours in everyday life. Write about the role of pigments, dyes, and chemical reactions in creating the vibrant colours we see in art, nature, and products.
• Investigate the applications of nanotechnology. Write about the potential breakthroughs and challenges in fields like medicine, materials science, and electronics.
• Research a recent news article related to chemistry. Write a reflection on the scientific principles involved, the potential implications, and the role of chemistry in addressing real-world challenges.
• Research and write about recent innovations in chemical engineering. Discuss how chemical engineers contribute to fields like pharmaceuticals, energy production, and environmental sustainability.
• Follow the life cycle of a plastic bottle from production to disposal. Discuss the chemical processes involved in manufacturing, recycling, and the environmental impact of plastic.
• Choose a medicinal plant and explore the chemical compounds responsible for its therapeutic properties. Discuss the history of its use in traditional medicine and modern pharmaceutical applications.

From Newton’s laws of motion to quantum theory, physics seeks to understand the forces and laws that govern our universe. These physics writing prompts will get students thinking about energy, gravity, electricity, light, and other physics fundamentals in creative ways.

• Imagine you’ve invented a time machine. Write about the physics principles involved and the ethical considerations and challenges of time travel.
• Explore the physics behind superpowers. Choose a superhero and analyze how their abilities might be explained or debunked based on principles like Newton’s laws or electromagnetism.
• Reflect on the bizarre and counterintuitive aspects of quantum physics. Discuss how quantum phenomena might impact everyday experiences, from the behaviour of electrons to the concept of superposition.
• Choose a sport and discuss the physics principles involved, such as projectile motion in basketball, the conservation of energy in gymnastics, or the aerodynamics of soccer balls.
• Write about the physics challenges of a manned mission to Mars. Discuss topics like space travel, gravity, and life support systems that physicists would need to address for a successful journey.
• Explore one of Albert Einstein’s famous thought experiments, such as the twin paradox or the elevator experiment. Write about the implications of these theoretical scenarios.
• Discuss the physics of alternative energy sources. Explore the principles behind solar power, wind energy, or nuclear fusion, and consider their potential to address global energy needs.
• Explore the physics of sound and music. Discuss concepts like frequency, resonance, and harmonics, and explain how these principles contribute to the creation of different musical instruments.
• Write about the physics of roller coasters. Explore concepts like gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, and centripetal force, and discuss how engineers design thrilling rides.
• Imagine a world where everyday objects exhibit quantum behaviour on a macroscopic scale. Write about the societal and practical implications of living in a macroscopic quantum world.

See our space writing prompts for more scientific writing ideas.

Keeping a science journal is a great way for students to thoughtfully reflect on their observations and discoveries. These science journal topic prompts cover a range of disciplines – from detailing a science experiment to speculating about life in the year 2050 – to encourage analytical thinking and science writing skills.

• Track the growth of a plant: Choose a plant, like a bean sprout or sunflower, and document its growth over time. Take pictures, measure its height, and note any changes in its appearance. You can even write about the conditions you provide for the plant, such as sunlight, water, and soil type.
• Observe the weather: Keep track of the weather conditions in your area for a week or a month. Record the temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and cloud cover. You can also note any interesting weather events, such as storms or rainbows.
• Collect and identify rocks and minerals: Go on a rock-hounding expedition and collect some interesting specimens. Then, use a field guide or online resources to identify them. You can learn about the different types of rocks and minerals, how they are formed, and their properties.
• Start a compost bin: Composting is a great way to recycle food scraps and yard waste. Set up a compost bin in your backyard or kitchen and track how it decomposes over time. You can learn about the different stages of composting and the organisms that help break down the organic matter.
• Monitor your sleep: Keep a sleep diary to track how much sleep you get each night. Note the time you go to bed, the time you wake up, and how well you slept. You can also record any factors that might affect your sleep, such as caffeine intake or exercise.
• Experiment with different foods: Try cooking a new recipe each week and document your results. Note the ingredients you used, the steps you followed, and how the dish turned out. You can also rate the recipe and write about any modifications you would make next time.
• Write a journal entry speculating about the energy sources that might power our world in the year 2050. Consider advancements in renewable energy, new technologies, and their impact on the environment and daily life.
• Track your water intake: It is important to drink plenty of water each day. Keep a water tracker to monitor how much water you are drinking. You can also set goals for yourself and track your progress over time.
• Learn about a new scientific discovery: Choose a recent scientific discovery that interests you and learn more about it. Read articles, watch videos, and talk to experts. Then, write about what you learned and what you think the implications of the discovery are.
• Conduct an experiment to test how different light conditions affect plant growth. Record your hypotheses, methods, and observations. Reflect on the significance of your findings for indoor gardening or space exploration.
• Record your dreams: Keep a dream journal to record your dreams as soon as you wake up. Write down as much detail as you can remember, including the setting, the characters, and the plot. You can also try to interpret your dreams using a dream dictionary.
• Track your mood: Keep a mood tracker to record your mood each day. You can use a scale of 1 to 10, or you can use words to describe your mood. You can also track any factors that might affect your mood, such as stress or sleep.
• Backyard Biodiversity: Observe and identify the different plants and animals living in your backyard or local park. Learn about their interactions, adaptations, and ecological roles. Use photos, sketches, and notes to document your discoveries.
• Stargazing Adventures: Choose a constellation or celestial object to follow throughout the night sky. Track its movement, brightness, and any changes in appearance. Learn about its composition, distance, and cultural significance.
• Kitchen Chemistry Experiments: Conduct simple chemistry experiments using everyday ingredients like vinegar, baking soda, and food colouring. Observe the reactions, record your findings, and explain the scientific principles behind them.
• Gardening Experiments: Plan and conduct your own gardening experiments, testing different planting methods, soil types, or fertilizers. Track the growth of your plants, analyze the results, and draw conclusions about the best practices for your specific environment.
• Document an experiment where you observe the effects of pollution on local ecosystems. Choose a nearby environment (like a pond or park), detail your experiment setup, record observations of plant and animal life, and discuss the broader implications for environmental conservation.
• Speculate about a day in your life in the year 2050, where advanced robotics play a significant role. Consider how robots might assist with daily tasks, education, and work. Describe the impact on society and personal interactions.
• Decoding Animal Behavior: Observe animals in your environment, like birds, squirrels, or insects. Try to understand their behaviour, communication patterns, and adaptations to their habitat. Document your observations and research to gain deeper insights into the animal kingdom.
• Speculate about life in a smart city in the year 2050. Consider how technology, data, and sustainability practices might shape urban living. Explore the benefits and challenges of smart city initiatives.

Science sparks curiosity and wonder in young minds. These science writing prompts tailored for elementary-age students will get little ones excited about making observations, conducting simple experiments, and exploring basic scientific concepts through creative writing.

• Imagine a world where plants can talk. Write a story about your adventure with a friendly, talking plant in your backyard. What did you learn from it?
• If you were a helpful robot, what tasks would you assist people with? Write a short paragraph explaining your robot’s abilities and how it would make life easier.
• Tell the story of a water droplet’s journey. Describe its adventures as it travels through the water cycle, from evaporation to precipitation.
• If you could create a brand new dinosaur, what would it look like? Describe its size, colour, and any special features it might have. What would you name your dinosaur?
• You discover a magical science book that lets you conduct exciting experiments with just a touch of its pages. Write about the experiments you would try and the fun you would have.
• Imagine that you have a friendly pet alien from Mars. Describe your alien friend, its special abilities, and the fun activities you would do together.
• If you had the superpower to absorb energy from the sun, how would you use it to help your community? Write about the positive changes you would bring using solar power.
• Create a story about a group of animals that can talk and work together to solve problems. What kind of adventures do they go on, and how do they help each other?
• You have a garden where everything you plant grows into something magical. Write about the different plants you would grow and the enchanting surprises they would bring.
• You shrink down to the size of a fish and explore the underwater world. Write a story about your adventures, the creatures you meet, and the mysteries you solve.
• You’re on a mission to find a new source of clean energy. Where do you look? What do you discover? Write a story about your search for clean energy and the impact it could have on the world.
• The forest near your home is shrinking, and the animals are losing their homes. Write a story about your efforts to save the forest, the challenges you face, and the importance of protecting nature.
• Choose an animal you find interesting and research its unique adaptations. Write a story from the animal’s perspective, describing how its adaptations help it survive and thrive in its environment.
• You invent a potion that makes you invisible. What kind of adventures do you have while invisible? How do you use your invisibility to help others? Write a story about your invisible adventures.
• You build a time machine and accidentally travel back in time. Where do you end up? Who do you meet? Write a story about your time-travelling adventure and how you get back to your own time.

Sometimes you just need a quick spark to get students engaged in science writing. These brief science quick-write prompts offer thought-provoking scenarios or questions that can be responded to in just a few minutes.

• If you could have a conversation with any planet in our solar system, which one would it be and what would you talk about?
• If you could have an invisible superpower related to a scientific concept (like invisibility, teleportation, etc.), what would it be and how would you use it?
• You discover a time-travelling camera that takes snapshots of any moment in history. Write about the moment you choose to capture and why.
• In a world ravaged by climate change, you become the caretaker of a hidden seed bank containing the last remnants of Earth’s biodiversity. Write a short scene depicting your struggle to protect the seeds and cultivate hope for the future.
• You become emotionally attached to a chatbot with advanced learning capabilities. Can you maintain a meaningful relationship with an artificial intelligence? Write a series of chat entries showcasing your interactions and the evolving nature of your connection.
• Write a quick description of your encounter with a friendly alien scientist. What scientific knowledge do you share with each other?
• If you could make a quantum leap to any point in time or space, where would you go, and what scientific wonders would you hope to witness?
• You invent a robot that can perform any scientific experiment or task. Describe the robot’s capabilities and the incredible discoveries it helps you make.
• If you could have a conversation with an element from the periodic table, which one would it be, and what questions would you ask? 
• Imagine you are a news reporter broadcasting from each planet in our solar system. Provide brief updates on the weather, unique features, and any interesting scientific phenomena.

And that’s just a taste of the many creative science writing prompts we have to share! Whether it’s speculating about the science of the future or explaining a simple science concept, these writing prompts and journal ideas are designed to engage any student’s natural curiosity. The best part is there are no right or wrong answers – as long as students are thinking critically and letting their imaginations run wild. 

We hope these science writing prompts sparked plenty of ideas for your next classroom or homework assignment. Let us know in the comments below which prompts are your favourites or if you have any other ideas to add to our list!

Marty the wizard is the master of Imagine Forest. When he's not reading a ton of books or writing some of his own tales, he loves to be surrounded by the magical creatures that live in Imagine Forest. While living in his tree house he has devoted his time to helping children around the world with their writing skills and creativity.

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I wrote a book on this topic you may enjoy for the NSTA, called "Creative Writing in Science: Activities that Inspire." https://www.amazon.com/Creative-Writing-Science-Activities-Inspires/dp/1941316352/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1516299205&sr=8-3&keywords=creative+writing+in+science

Katie Coppens

18 January, 2018 12:14 PM

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Hi! I'm Kathy Reeves, President and Founder of Scientific Minds, LLC.   I'm a teacher, edupreneur, and software developer. I'm on a mission to develop quality, web-based science education products that inspire, encourage, and promote next-generation skills for student success.  Learn more

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Wonders of Science Writing Lessons

IEW (the Institute for Excellence in Writing) publishes a series of courses that use subject matter from history, literature, and the Bible for students to practice composition skills learned through their Structure and Style courses. IEW’s latest themed-writing course, Wonders of Science Writing Lessons, uses topics from science. Parents and teachers need to be familiar with the Structure and Style methodology—or be learning it a step ahead of students—before teaching any of IEW's theme-based writing courses.

The primary goal of this course for grades three through five is developing writing skills, although students will probably learn some science along the way. The science topics range widely to include creatures, such as honeybees and monarch butterflies; inventions, such as the steam engine and the Model T; scientists, such as Nikola Tesla and George Washington Carver; and stories related to science, such as Jack and the Beanstalk and Daedalus and Icarus.

The course components are a teacher’s manual and a student book. Both books are spiral-bound and printed in black and white. The course includes optional PDF downloads of supplemental resources that are pertinent to the course. These include checklists, vocabulary cards, simplified source texts, advanced supplements for the lessons, and student-written examples for the writing assignments.

The course parallels the Structure and Style course layout with writing assignments incorporating elements taught in corresponding Structure and Style units. So the lessons in the Wonders of Science Writing Lessons begin with Note Making and Outlines. The rest of the units progress through Writing from Notes, Retelling Narrative Stories, Summarizing a Reference, Writing from Pictures, Summarizing Multiple References, Inventive Writing, Formal Essay Models, and Formal Critique and Response to Literature. There are one to four lessons under each of these headings.

For example, the unit on Retelling Narrative Stories has four week-long lessons. In each lesson, students will work with a different source text (each about one page in length), working through the process of writing a key-word outline, then writing a three-paragraph narrative from their outline. They will work on different aspects of writing a narrative each week. They add different "dress-ups" each week, such as the “ because clause dress-up” they learn to use in their narrative of Jack and the Beanstalk. Students also practice using new vocabulary words each week. Because each lesson revolves around a different writing skill, the structure of the lessons varies.

A checklist form (from the downloadable PDF supplements) should help students check themselves to see that they have paid attention to structural elements and added the required elements of style for each assignment. Space for scoring assignments is included on these checklists.

The teacher’s manual includes reproduced images of student pages with suggested answers overprinted when there are predictable answers. A parent or teacher presents the lessons and works with students as needed as they apply what they learn, write rough drafts, and polish their work.

Wonders of Science provides one more way to apply composition skills learned through Structure and Styles courses. The lessons break the writing process down into very manageable and structured steps that make it easy for children to learn to write well.

Pricing Information

When comparison prices appear, please keep in mind that they are subject to change. Click on links where available to verify price accuracy.

Please consider using my affiliate link to purchase directly from the publisher:  Wonders of Science Writing Lessons [Teacher/Student Combo] ($55.00) .

Wonders of Science Writing Lessons (Teacher/Student Combo)

• $55.00 at ExodusBooks.com
• $55.00 at Christianbook.com
• $55.00 at Rainbowresource.com

Wonders of Science Writing Lessons Teacher's Manual

• $29.00 at ExodusBooks.com
• $29.00 at Christianbook.com
• $29.00 at Rainbowresource.com

Wonders of Science Writing Lessons Student Book

• $35.00 at ExodusBooks.com
• $35.00 at Christianbook.com
• $35.00 at Rainbowresource.com

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• Art & Music
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• Early Learning / Preschool
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• Handwriting
• History & Geography
• Grade Level Packages & Courses
• Math Supplements
• Phonics & Reading
• Spelling & Vocabulary
• Unit Studies & All-In-One Programs
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Instant Key

• Need For Parent or Teacher Instruction: moderate to high
• Learning Environment: group or one-on-one
• Grade Level: grades 3-5
• Educational Methods: traditional activity pages or exercises, stories, spiral and incremental, highly structured, discussion, critical thinking, creative activities
• Technology: supplemental digital content
• Educational Approaches: eclectic, classical, Charlotte Mason
• Religious Perspective: secular but Christian friendly

Publisher's Info

• Institute for Excellence in Writing
• (800) 856-5815
• [email protected]
• https://iew.com/

Note: Publishers, authors, and service providers never pay to be reviewed. They do provide free review copies or online access to programs for review purposes.

Disclosure of Material Connection: Some of the links in the post above are "affiliate links." This means if you click on the link and purchase the item, I will receive an affiliate commission. Regardless, I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. I am disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission's 16 CFR, Part 255 "Guidelines Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising."

I Wonder: Writing Scientific Explanations With Students

• Resources & Preparation
• Instructional Plan
• Related Resources

If you have ever had your class interrupted by a thunderstorm or by a bug crawling across the carpet, you know that students naturally question the world around them. This lesson encourages second-grade students to ask questions about a specific topic, choose a particular question to explore in detail, and research the question using a variety of resources. Students organize their information on a "What we think we know," "What we have confirmed we know," and " New facts we have learned through research" (TCF) chart. They then collaborate to write a class scientific explanation.

Featured Resources

Fact Fragment Frenzy : This interactive tool supports students’ writing of their scientific explanations by helping them find the facts in what they read.

From Theory to Practice

Buss and Karnowski suggest that seeking information to find out about a topic of interest or to confirm already existing knowledge is a common activity for children. Stead challenges teachers to pair information seeking with scientific exploration to create an even more enriching experience for students.

Stead defines scientific explanations as a kind of writing that "describes why something happens or is as it is (for example, why wood floats)" or "describes how something works or was formed (for example, how planes fly)."

Common Core Standards

This resource has been aligned to the Common Core State Standards for states in which they have been adopted. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, CCSS alignments are forthcoming.

State Standards

This lesson has been aligned to standards in the following states. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, standard alignments are not currently available for that state.

NCTE/IRA National Standards for the English Language Arts

• 1. Students read a wide range of print and nonprint texts to build an understanding of texts, of themselves, and of the cultures of the United States and the world; to acquire new information; to respond to the needs and demands of society and the workplace; and for personal fulfillment. Among these texts are fiction and nonfiction, classic and contemporary works.
• 3. Students apply a wide range of strategies to comprehend, interpret, evaluate, and appreciate texts. They draw on their prior experience, their interactions with other readers and writers, their knowledge of word meaning and of other texts, their word identification strategies, and their understanding of textual features (e.g., sound-letter correspondence, sentence structure, context, graphics).
• 5. Students employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes.
• 7. Students conduct research on issues and interests by generating ideas and questions, and by posing problems. They gather, evaluate, and synthesize data from a variety of sources (e.g., print and nonprint texts, artifacts, people) to communicate their discoveries in ways that suit their purpose and audience.
• 8. Students use a variety of technological and information resources (e.g., libraries, databases, computer networks, video) to gather and synthesize information and to create and communicate knowledge.
• 12. Students use spoken, written, and visual language to accomplish their own purposes (e.g., for learning, enjoyment, persuasion, and the exchange of information).

Materials and Technology

• Why Do Leaves Change Colors? by Betsy Maestro (HarperTrophy, 1994)
• I Am a Leaf by Jean Marzollo (Scholastic Cartwheel, 1998)
• Computers with Internet access
• Chart paper and markers
• Art supplies
• Sticky notes
• Science Explorations handout
• Tree Booklist
• Leaves! Leaves!
• Letter to Parents
• Paragraph Puzzles
• Scientific Explanation Assessment Rubric

Preparation

Student objectives.

Students will

• Gain scientific knowledge by exploring a topic, engaging in hands-on experiments, and posing questions
• Gain knowledge about writing by learning about the structure of scientific explanations and how to write paragraphs
• Demonstrate comprehension of how to answer a scientific query by doing their own research and helping confirm their own and other's responses
• Apply what they have learned about writing and scientific explanations by organizing notes into paragraphs and by illustrating these paragraphs appropriately

Note: After this session, assess each student's explanation using the Scientific Explanation Assessment Rubric . After reviewing the assessments, select several teaching points specific to writing scientific explanations. For example, you may have noticed that none of your students used illustrations. In the following sessions, while students are researching the question, you will want to make a point of showing your students how authors and illustrators use diagrams and illustrations.

Note: At this point in the process, decide whether your class has enough information to begin writing the scientific explanation. If they do not, schedule more research time in class.

Note: If there is an important piece of information in the "new facts" column that has yet to be confirmed and you know it to be true, move it to the "confirmed" column before this session begins. Explain to students what you have done.

Note: This process can be lengthy, so you might want to split the process of sorting into shorter sessions.

Invite parents in for a publishing celebration Display the book in the school library Add the book to your classroom collection of nonfiction books Publish the classroom explanations on your school or classroom website

• Have students refer to the "I wonder..." chart that they created in Session 1 and select a question to answer on their own.

Student Assessment / Reflections

• Informally assess students' comprehension of the topic you have chosen, how to research it, and how to write a scientific explanation during class discussions throughout the lesson.

find information that answers the question use charts, tables, and illustrations to get information use a variety of resources put information into their own words

• Use the Scientific Explanation Assessment Rubric to evaluate students' paragraphs; you will also want to look at how well students were able to revise their work after conferences and how well they follow the illustration plan you discussed.
• Observe students as they work in their groups to assess their collaborative work. Look for students listening and sharing ideas, using time wisely, solving problems in a positive and productive way, collaborating to create quality work, and sharing responsibility for the work.
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Fact Fragment Frenzy provides elementary students with an online model for finding facts in nonfiction text, then invites students to find facts in five sample passages.

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Wonders of Science Writing Lessons [Student Book only]

Implementing the structure and style® writing method.

This Student Book includes assignments, blank outlines, source texts, checklists, and grammar helps for two levels of students—basic and advanced. Includes access to helpful PDF downloads including a download of vocabulary cards.

This book is designed to be used by an instructor who has been through or is currently viewing the Teaching Writing: Structure and Style video course.

To purchase this book together with the accompanying Teacher's Manual, click here .

This theme-based writing curriculum offers a full year of instruction for students in grades 4–7 and is perfect for homeschoolers, homeschool co-ops, tutors, and hybrid schools.

Specifications: 318 pages

ISBN: 978-1-62341-399-6

Edition: First Edition, March 2023

Copyright Date: 2023

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A Place for Creativity in Science Writing

What are the foundations of the basic ideas, terms, and theories of ecology?

At the first lab meeting of the 2023 fall semester, my lab mates and I wanted to dig into this question and gain a deeper understanding of the concepts so widely used across the field of ecology today. This sparked the idea to read and discuss foundational ecology papers from the book, Foundations of Ecology: Classic Papers with Commentaries , during our weekly lab group meetings at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science’s Appalachian Lab, led by Professor David Nelson.

First, we tackled the book by browsing the table of contents. A few names were familiar to us at first glance—typically recognizable from citations we had skimmed over in the past. What we uncovered in the book was unexpected: not just the roots of ecology, but the trove of wonderful descriptions that jump-started the scientific field of ecology.

The first paper we read was Stephen Forbes’ “The Lake as a Microcosm.” At first, I was shocked at the level of description and creativity in this paper; it would not be accepted to a modern scientific journal. Forbes was telling a story. It was personal, intriguing, and illustrative. This paper opened my eyes to the power of observation in science. I was able to picture the lake from Forbes’ description and visualize what the sediment layers, organisms, and plant communities might have looked like.

The first American ecology textbook, Research Methods in Ecology , introduced statistical and analytical methods to ecologists in 1905. This marked the transition of the field; empirical studies and quantitative data in scientific papers dominated, and ecology inevitably became more analytical. Now, it is engrained in scientists as the norm that publications must be analytical and precise. However, this style of writing often comes off as dry and jargony, even for other scientists.

In Joshua Schimel’s book, Writing Science , he describes creative writing as a strategy to effectively communicate scientific ideas to a general audience and smoothly incorporate scientific thinking into more understandable and digestible language. Reading about this creative writing style allowed me to reflect on my own science writing and how I could describe my research data clearly and effectively for a broader audience.

Consider describing a research field site or a part of your experimental methods creatively, for example. Imagine you are communicating with a family member or friend with no scientific background. How might you engage and relate to them in your writing? This is a reminder to keep your studies fun, tap into your creative side, and give it a go. Try not to get bogged down by the rigidity of scientific writing; don’t lose your story!

Top left photo: The UMCES' Appalachian Laboratory. Photo: UMCES.

Forbes, Stephen A. 1899. “The Lake as a Microcosm.” Bulletin of the Peoria Scientific Association : 77-87.

Kingsland, Sharon E. 1991. “Defining Ecology as a Science.” Foundations of Ecology: Classic Papers with Commentaries : 1-13.

Real, Leslie A and Brown, James H (Eds). 1991. Foundations of Ecology: Classic Papers with Commentaries . Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Schimel, Joshua. 2012. Writing Science: How to Write Papers that Get Cited and Proposals That Get Funded . New York: Oxford University Press.

About Grace O'Hara

Grace O’Hara is pursuing her master’s degree through the Marine Estuarine Environmental Sciences Program through the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. She is conducting research at the Appalachian Laboratory in Frostburg, Maryland, to evaluate the effectiveness of stormwater management practices on nitrogen dynamics using stable isotopes. She has always had a passion for the environment and likes to spend her free time running or hiking outdoors.

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• Quoting and Paraphrasing From the University of Wisconsin-Madison's Writer's Handbook.
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• NY Times article: Plagiarism Lines Blur for Students in Digital Age August 1, 2010 Students believe they can use without attribution materials they find on websites where authorship is not stated.

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What is "Science Writing?"

At first glance, science writing seems simple. It's writing about  topics related to science and can include works of creative nonfiction, nature essays, or scientific articles. But science writing is different from scientific writing. While scientific writing is usually intended for a specialized audience of scientists and researchers, science writing brings important scientific discoveries into the lives of the general public in creative and meaningful ways. Pieces of science writing can be very different from one another and can come in a number of formats. They can be long or short, detailed or generalized. They can be articles, books, videos, essays, podcasts, and more. 

This page serves as a guide for discovering credible science writing sources and connecting various fields of study. Scientists, students, educators, and writers can use it to find articles, videos, books, and other examples of science writing to support their interests. Whether you are an avid reader or an aspiring science writer, this guide is for you!

How to use this guide

• Use the green side menu to navigate to databases for further scientific research resources. 
• To read about science topics, explore the tabs in the Science Writing "Reader's Guide."
• To learn more on writing about science, explore the tabs in Science Writing "Writer's Guide."

Science Writing - Reader's Guide

• Author Search
• Periodicals
• Recent Books and Ebooks
• Science in the News

Try browsing the library shelves for science writing material in these areas, or explore the Science Writing collection online.

• Q 130-141 Women in Science
• Q 143 General Science Biographies 
• Q 148-149 African American Scientists
• QA 75-76 Computer Science
• QB Astronomy 
• QD 71-142 Analytical Chemistry
• QD 146-197 Inorganic Chemistry
• QD 415 -436 Biochemistry
• QE 701-760 Paleontology 
• QH Biology/Natural History,
• QM Human anatomy 
• QP Physiology
• QR Microbiology
• RC 321-576 Psychology/Psychiatry
• S Agriculture
• TX Food Science

Searching for science writing materials can be difficult because they span a broad range of topics. Here are some authors to search for to help get you started. 

Nature Writing

• Susan Fenimore Cooper (1813-1894)
• Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862)
• John Muir (1838-1914)

Conservation

• Aldo Leopold  (1887- 1948)
• Rachel Carson  (1907-1964)
• James Lovelock (1919 - )
• E.O. Wilson (1929 - 2021)
• Oliver Sacks (1933 - 2015)

Natural Science

• Carl Sagan (1934 -1996)
• Richard Dawkins  (1941 - )
• Stephen Hawking (1942-2018)
• Michio Kaku (1947- )
• Dava Sobel  (1947-)
• Bill Bryson (1951 - )
• Sy Montgomery (1958 - )
• Mary Roach (1959 - )
• Hannah Holmes (1963 - )
• Peter Wohlleben (1964 - )
• Carl Zimmer (1966 - ) 
• Rebecca Skloot (1972 - )
• Ed Yong (1981 - )
• Nature This link opens in a new window Journal articles and news in science and technology.
• Cell Cell is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing research papers across a broad range of disciplines within the life sciences including but not limited to cell biology, molecular biology, neuroscience, immunology, virology and microbiology, cancer, human genetics, systems biology, signaling, and disease mechanisms and therapeutics
• Parkside Journal of Science Parkside journal containing independently conducted research done by students of UW-Parkside, reviews of current scientific articles, interviews of faculty members pertaining to their work.
• Scientific American Science magazine that covers research, ideas and knowledge in science, health, technology, the environment and society.
• Science The Science family of journals is published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the world’s oldest and largest general science organization. Covering a variety of science related topics.
• Science and Nature Writing Collection Explore more books online in the Science and Nature Writing Collection

• Access World News Research Collection This link opens in a new window International, national, and regional news. Date coverage varies by newspaper.
• New York Times Academic Pass This link opens in a new window Anyone with a valid UWP email address can sign up for free access to the NYTimes.com website and smartphone apps. Please read registration instructions. Navigate to the Science page to read the latest science news articles.
• Points of View Reference Center (EBSCO) This link opens in a new window Essays on controversial topics that present multiple sides of each issue. Articles include questions and materials for further study as well as references.
• Science Podcast A weekly podcast featuring the latest scientific research and stories from the journal Science and its sister journals.
• Nature Podcast The Nature Podcast brings you the best stories from the world of science each week. We cover everything from astronomy to zoology, highlighting the most exciting research from each issue of the Nature journal. We meet the scientists behind the results and provide in-depth analysis from Nature's journalists and editors.
• Big Biology Big Biology is a podcast that tells the stories of scientists tackling some of the biggest unanswered questions in biology. Hosted by biologists Marty Martin and Art Woods.
• Body Stuff Podcast created to dispel medical myths and misinformation hosted by Dr. Jen Gunter OB/GYN and pain medicine physician.
• Hand Made A podcast that explores all things material hosted by materials scientist and engineer, Dr. Anna Ploszajski
• Hidden Brain Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.
• Introduced A podcast that explores stories of aquatic invasive species in Wisconsin, like rusty crayfish, purple loosestrife and spiny waterfleas.
• The Pulse The Pulse is a podcast that takes you behind the doors of operating rooms, into the lab with some of the world’s foremost scientists, and back in time to explore life-changing innovations.
• Radiolab Science journalists explore topics in science from many different angles and viewpoints through in depth interviews and investigative reporting.
• Science and Nutrition The world’s top scientists explain the latest health, nutrition, and gut health research and translate it into practical advice to improve your health & weight.
• Science Clear and Vivid Host Alan Alda leads conversations with 10 guests discussing their lives as scientists and their scientific research, each sharing their point of view and experience about basic science and their personal stories – what got them interested in or involved in science and more.
• Science Friday Science, technology, and other cool stuff. It's brain fun, for curious people
• Science Vs Science journalists and fact checkers uncover what is fact and what is not.
• Short Wave Broadcast by NPR that explores discoveries, everyday mysteries, and the science behind the headlines in short episodes every weekday.
• Story Collider Podcast that explores personal stories about science told by people from all walks of life from scientists and doctors to comedians and artists.
• Deep Look A series that focuses on the very small things of the natural world.
• Journey to the Microcosmos Real footage of microscopic organisms that inhabit the world narrated by science communicator Hank Green.
• Kurzgesagt: In a Nut Shell Short animated videos created to explain complex scientific topics such as black holes, neutron stars, or the human immune system.
• Physics Girl Physics Girl is a YouTube channel created by Dianna Cowern that adventures into the physical sciences with experiments, demonstrations, and cool new discoveries.
• Science Friday Science, technology, and other cool stuff. It's brain fun, for curious people.
• Veritasium Videos about science and education explored through interviews with scientists and demonstrations created by Derek Muller.
• Real Science Short documentaries on life science topics, an offshoot of Real Engineering.

• Nova Long-running science series that explores issues and discoveries in science and technology.
• Star Gazers A weekly television series on astronomy.
• TED Talks Short presentations on topics covering Technology, Entertainment, and Design.

Science Writing - Writer's Guide

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