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Microsoft 365 Life Hacks > Presentations > Creating Presentations to Connect with Each Type of Learner

Creating Presentations to Connect with Each Type of Learner

When you’re presenting a topic to an audience, you want to ensure that it resonates with your entire audience. However, adults have different learning styles that affect how they absorb information. By understanding these styles of understanding and retaining information, you can tailor aspects of your presentation to these different kinds of learners to ensure that no one will feel left behind.

How to Craft Presentations that Connect with Different Types of Learners

Each person learns and understands information differently. Imagine that you’ve gotten turned around in an unfamiliar city and need to find your way back to your hotel. If you refer to a map, you might be a visual learner. If you ask for directions, you might be an auditory learner, but if you take the time to write those directions down, you might be a reading/writing learner. If you prefer to wander and find your way on your own, your learning style might be more kinesthetic. While this is a very simple example of different learning styles, it’s easy to see that what works for one person may not work for an entire audience at a presentation.

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Learn more about the different styles of learning and how to tailor your presentations to include each one.

Visual Learners

Use charts, graphics, and videos to appeal to visual learners.

How they learn

A visual learner absorbs and retains information that’s presented visually. If you’re trying to show the relationship between a set of numbers, a chart or a graph is your best bet. In order for you to make an impact on a visual learner, you’ll need to use something other than just words in order for the, to realize the relationships between data and concepts.

Tactics for reaching them

Your presentation should lean on visual aids. A few examples of this include:

• Sharing an outline of what information is going to be covered during the presentation.
• Using graphs and diagrams to present your data.
• Use a bright color scheme that incorporates complementary colors to draw their eye to what you’re sharing.
• Encourage your audience to take notes and write down key facts.
• Visually map out your concepts and connect information with arrows. Infographics are a great tool for this.
• Make your presentation more engaging by embedding videos.

Auditory Learners

Speak loudly and clearly to connect with auditory learners.

In school, the auditory learners in your classes would simply remember everything their teachers said, instead of taking notes. They simply find it easiest to remember information that they hear and may understand and remember knowledge gleaned from lectures, discussions, audiobooks, podcasts, and having a conversation with another person. It may also be normal for an auditory learner to recite facts to themselves as a way to retain information. They may ask repetitive questions as a way to memorize a concept.

Most presentations rely on a speaker sharing information, which is incredibly helpful to an auditory learner. However, there are other ways that you can help them retain the content you’re presenting:

• Record your presentation so that your audience can listen to it again later.
• Move around the room while you’re presenting so that the audience sitting in the back can hear you more clearly.
• Practice your delivery so that you aren’t giving your whole presentation in monotone. Changing your inflection and stressing important words and topics will resonate with auditory learners.
• Embed videos or sound clips into your presentation, which will have the added benefit of reaching visual learners, too.

Reading/Writing Learners

Reading/writing learners will appreciate it if you share your notes after your presentation.

This text-based learning style is popular with teachers and students because it’s all about written words. Those who favor a reading/writing learning style are likely to retain what they read and benefit from information that is presented in a textual format.

Reading/writing learners appreciate a well thought out PowerPoint presentation that thoroughly explains its concepts via text. But you can share information in other ways, too:

• Once you’ve finished discussing a concept, provide an easy to digest summary of the information you’ve shared. You should provide a similar summary at the end of your presentation that mentions all the important points you’ve shared.
• If possible, prepare a transcript of your presentation, or share your slides and notes with your audience.
• Provide note-taking materials like notebooks and pens for your audience to use during the presentation.
• Keep your presentation’s formatting consistent. Don’t switch fonts midway through, it may throw off those who learn by reading.

Kinesthetic Learners

Include a physical element in your presentation for kinesthetic learners.

When some people purchase furniture that requires assembly, they’ll take a close look at the instructions. Kinesthetic learners will throw those instructions away and figure it out as they go. These types of learners absorb information through real life examples and exercises. They appreciate demonstrations, simulations, and experiments. If there is a physical aspect to a learning situation, a kinesthetic learner will benefit from it.

If you’re teaching a kinesthetic learner how to cook a dish, you can put your recipe book away. They’re much more likely retain that dish’s information if they’re allowed to cook alongside you. Tailor your presentations to kinesthetic learners by allowing them to learn from experience with tactics like:

• Physical exercises like role playing to ensure they understand a concept.
• Asking them to write down what they hear.
• Allowing your presentation to have some aspect of physical participation, even it’s as simple as an informal poll involving raised hands.

Not all adults use the same tactics to learn and retain new information. By understanding the various learning styles, you can adjust your presentations to reach your whole audience.

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The four different types of learners, and what they mean for your presentations (infographic)

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Chelsi Nakano April 29, 2016

Remember when you were in school and you had to cram hundreds of pages of textbook material into your head before every big test? If you were like most students, you and your friends probably developed all kinds of tactics to make the grade. Maybe you made flashcards, reviewed recordings of your professors’ lectures, or came up with intricate mnemonic devices to memorize the material at hand. You may have argued with your classmates about which method was best—but the truth is that, when it comes to learning, one size doesn’t fit all.

To understand how people learn in different ways, scientists and psychologists have created various models. One popular theory, the VARK model , identifies four primary types of learners: visual, auditory, reading/writing, and kinesthetic. Each of these types of learners responds best to a different method of teaching. Auditory learners will remember information best after reciting it back to the presenter, while kinesthetic learners will jump at the chance to participate in a hands-on activity.

When it comes to a remote setting, people tend to prefer learning visually. In TalentLMS’ research on remote work , 66% of respondents identified themselves as visual learners, meaning they gravitate towards visualizations of data more than anything else.

Every presenter who stands up in front of an audience or presents online wants to be understood. But when your audience is equipped to learn best in distinctly different ways, how do you make sure that you get your message across to everyone? The consequences of these learning styles reach far beyond the classroom. If you want to educate a large group of people, no matter what the setting, you need to know how to engage each of the four types of learners.

Luckily, there are a few simple things you can do as a presenter to make sure you’re catering to every kind of learner in your audience, whether you’re speaking to hundreds of webinar attendees or 30 coworkers in a small training session. Take a look at the infographic below, or continue reading to learn more about the VARK model’s four primary learning styles and what you can do to engage all of them in your next presentation.

What are the different types of learners? Understanding the VARK model insights

#1 visual learner.

These learners absorb information best when it is presented in a visual format. They prefer elements like diagrams, charts, videos, and infographics. Visual learners benefit from the use of colors and spatial arrangements to organize information. Some effective methods to engage visual learners are to use visual aids in presentations, explain ideas with mind maps, and highlight important points with different colors.

#2 Auditory learners

​This group learns most effectively through listening. They excel when information is delivered through spoken words, such as in lectures, discussions, or audio recordings. To engage auditory learners, presenters should focus on clear and articulate speech, include storytelling elements in their presentations, and encourage group discussions or debates to reinforce learning.

#3 Reading/writing learners

When it comes to reading and writing learners, they prefer information in written form. They excel in absorbing information from text-based sources like books, articles, and lists. For reading/writing learners, providing handouts, encouraging note-taking, and using text-heavy slides can be effective strategies. For more in-depth understanding, it can be beneficial to give them access to extra reading materials. 

#4 Kinesthetic learners

Kinesthetic learners learn best through hands-on experiences and physical activities. They need to touch, manipulate, and experiment to grasp concepts fully.  Incorporating real-life examples, simulations, or physical activities into the learning process can really help this type of learner engage with your content. Other highly effective techniques include opportunities for role-playing or building models.

Best ways to engage different types of learners

Understanding these distinct types of learners is crucial for presenters and educators. It’s not enough to deliver content; one must also consider the diversity of learning styles in the audience. A multimodal approach, which combines visual, auditory, reading/writing, and kinesthetic elements, can cater to a broader range of learners. A multimodal presentation means everyone can engage with the material in a way that suits their learning style.

For a useful guide for creating presentations that cater to all learning types, check out this Prezi “ Multimodal Presentations “. It shows how to use pictures and designs for visual learners and how to add sound for those who learn by listening. It gives examples of using text for those who learn best through reading/writing and suggests interactive elements for kinesthetic learners. To get to grips with the elements needed for the perfect multimodal presentation, this Prezi is a great learning source. 

How Prezi helps all learners

Prezi works well for all types of learners, especially those who learn visually. Its special way of presenting information is bound to keep everyone interested.

For visual learners

Take the Prezi example “This Changes Everything ” as a good case. Its use of bright colors along with different shapes and images make the presentation interesting and easy to follow. This visual appeal helps learners focus and remember the information better than a boring slide show would. The way Prezi moves from one point to another helps highlight important ideas and connects them well.

Helping auditory and reading/writing learners

Prezi is not just for visual learners. It can include sounds and detailed text, which is good for those who learn by listening or by reading and writing.

Kinesthetic learners: learning by doing

Kinesthetic learners, who like to learn by doing, can also benefit from Prezi. The learning experience can feel more hands-on with the use of zoom-in and out features. 

Prezi: a versatile tool

In short, Prezi is a versatile tool that helps different kinds of learners. It has features that can help all types of learners, especially the visual kind. Using Prezi can make sure that everyone in your audience understands and remembers your presentation. Try Prezi today and discover how it can improve the learning experience for educators and students alike!

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Types of Learning

Oct 20, 2014

840 likes | 3.31k Views

Types of Learning. Associative Learning: Classical Conditioning Behavior is associated with paired stimuli unconditioned stimulus ( UCS ) yields an unconditioned response ( UCR ) a neutral stimulus ( NS ) is paired with the unconditioned stimulus ( UCS )

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• stimulating pulse
• long term potentiation
• unconditioned stimulus ucs yields

Presentation Transcript

Types of Learning • Associative Learning: • Classical Conditioning • Behavior is associated with paired stimuli • unconditioned stimulus (UCS) yields an unconditioned response (UCR) • a neutral stimulus (NS) is paired with the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) • until the UCS alone (now the CS) yields a conditioned response (CR) • Ivan Pavlov • Operant Conditioning • Behavior is associated with rewards • Reinforcement • Punishment • B. F. Skinner

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning • Reinforcement • is any procedure that increases the response • Positive Reinforcement • adding or presenting a stimulus that increases the response • Negative Reinforcement • removing a stimulus that increases the response • Punishment • is any procedure that decreases the response

Types of Memory (iconic memory) (7 bits for 30seconds)

Types of Long-Term Memory Explicit Implicit learned skills conscious recall personally experienced events general facts motor or cognitive activation of associations associative learning

Memory Processes Step 2 Step 1 Step 3 Retrieval

Where is Memory Stored? • Brain Impairment lead us to clues about learning and memory • HM • Extreme seizures forced the removal of: • medial basal regions of the temporal lobe (bilaterally) • most of the amygdala (bilaterally) • all of the hippocampus (bilaterally) • Result: • Retrograde amnesia • loss of some past memories • Anterograde amnesia • loss of the ability to form new memories • Hippocampus is critical for the formation of new memories

HM Implicit Memory Intact No Explicit Memory

Hippocampus is Critical for Spatial Learning Rats must remember which doors have the reward

Caudate Nucleus Critical forResponse Recognition Memory Must turn in same direction to get reward (remembers its own response)

Visual Cortex is Critical for Sensory Perception Rat must choose object that doesn’t match sample

Memory Areas Amygdala Caudate Hippocampus Visual Cortex

Cellular Mechanism for Learning Hebbian Synapse: Frequent stimulation can change the efficacy of a synapse

Enrichment Protocol Enriched Impoverished

Quantifying Dendritic Arborization

Neurobiological Changes via Learning • Dendritic changes: • Increased dendritic arborization • Increased dendritic bulbs • Synaptic changes: • More neurotransmitter release • More sensitive postsynaptic area • Larger presynaptic areas • Larger postsynaptic areas • Increased interneuron modulation • More synapses formed • Increased shifts in synaptic input • Physiological changes: • Long-Term Potentiation • Long-Term Depression

Hippocampal Brain Slicing

Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) each triangle represents a single action potential Slope of the EPSP (one characteristic measure of an action potential) baseline response potentiated response Hippocampus has a three synaptic pathway Stimulate one area (mossy fibers) and record the action potentials in another (CA1) Stimulate multiple times to get a baseline response Once a stable baseline is established give a brief high frequency stimulating pulse Use the same stimulating pulse as in baseline but now see a potentiated response This potentiated response can last hours, days, or even weeks (LTP)

Normal Synaptic Transmission • Glutamate Channels: • NMDA • Mg2+ block • no ion flow • AMPA • Na+ flows in • depolarizes cell

LTP Induction With repeated activation the depolarization drives the Mg2+ plug out of the NMDA channels Ca2+ then rushes in through the NMDA channels Ca2+ stimulates a retrograde messenger to maintain LTP Ca2+ also stimulates CREB to activate plasticity genes

LTP-induced Neural Changes

Learning Requires Protein Synthesis! Anisomycin: (protein synthesis inhibitor) blocks long term memory

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Teaching with PowerPoint

When effectively planned and used, PowerPoint (or similar tools, like Google Slides) can enhance instruction. People are divided on the effectiveness of this ubiquitous presentation program—some say that PowerPoint is wonderful while others bemoan its pervasiveness. No matter which side you take, PowerPoint does offer effective ways to enhance instruction when used and designed appropriately.

PowerPoint can be an effective tool to present material in the classroom and encourage student learning. You can use PowerPoint to project visuals that would otherwise be difficult to bring to class. For example, in an anthropology class, a single PowerPoint presentation could project images of an anthropological dig from a remote area, questions asking students about the topic, a chart of related statistics, and a mini quiz about what was just discussed that provides students with information that is visual, challenging, and engaging.

PowerPoint can be an effective tool to present material in the classroom and encourage student learning.

This section is organized in three major segments: Part I will help faculty identify and use basic but important design elements, Part II will cover ways to enhance teaching and learning with PowerPoint, and Part III will list ways to engage students with PowerPoint.

PART I: Designing the PowerPoint Presentation

Accessibility.

• Student accessibility—students with visual or hearing impairments may not be able to fully access a PowerPoint presentation, especially those with graphics, images, and sound.
• Use an accessible layout. Built-in slide template layouts were designed to be accessible: “the reading order is the same for people with vision and for people who use assistive technology such as screen readers” (University of Washington, n.d.). If you want to alter the layout of a theme, use the Slide Master; this will ensure your slides will retain accessibility.
• Use unique and specific slide titles so students can access the material they need.
• Consider how you display hyperlinks. Since screen readers read what is on the page, you may want to consider creating a hyperlink using a descriptive title instead of displaying the URL.
• All visuals and tables should include alt text. Alt text should describe the visual or table in detail so that students with visual impairments can “read” the images with their screen readers. Avoid using too many decorative visuals.
• All video and audio content should be captioned for students with hearing impairments. Transcripts can also be useful as an additional resource, but captioning ensures students can follow along with what is on the screen in real-time.
• Simplify your tables. If you use tables on your slides, ensure they are not overly complex and do not include blank cells. Screen readers may have difficulty providing information about the table if there are too many columns and rows, and they may “think” the table is complete if they come to a blank cell.
• Set a reading order for text on your slides. The order that text appears on the slide may not be the reading order of the text. Check that your reading order is correct by using the Selection Pane (organized bottom-up).
• Use Microsoft’s Accessibility Checker to identify potential accessibility issues in your completed PowerPoint. Use the feedback to improve your PowerPoint’s accessibility. You could also send your file to the Disability Resource Center to have them assess its accessibility (send it far in advance of when you will need to use it).
• Save your PowerPoint presentation as a PDF file to distribute to students with visual impairments.

Preparing for the presentation

• Consider time and effort in preparing a PowerPoint presentation; give yourself plenty of lead time for design and development.
• PowerPoint is especially useful when providing course material online. Consider student technology compatibility with PowerPoint material put on the web; ensure images and graphics have been compressed for access by computers using dial-up connection.

PowerPoint is especially useful when providing course material online.

• Be aware of copyright law when displaying course materials, and properly cite source material. This is especially important when using visuals obtained from the internet or other sources. This also models proper citation for your students.
• Think about message interpretation for PowerPoint use online: will students be able to understand material in a PowerPoint presentation outside of the classroom? Will you need to provide notes and/or other material to help students understand complex information, data, or graphics?
• If you will be using your own laptop, make sure the classroom is equipped with the proper cables, drivers, and other means to display your presentation the way you have intended.

Slide content

• Avoid text-dense slides. It’s better to have more slides than trying to place too much text on one slide. Use brief points instead of long sentences or paragraphs and outline key points rather than transcribing your lecture. Use PowerPoint to cue and guide the presentation.
• Use the Notes feature to add content to your presentation that the audience will not see. You can access the Notes section for each slide by sliding the bottom of the slide window up to reveal the notes section or by clicking “View” and choosing “Notes Page” from the Presentation Views options.
• Relate PowerPoint material to course objectives to reinforce their purpose for students.

Number of slides

• As a rule of thumb, plan to show one slide per minute to account for discussion and time and for students to absorb the material.
• Reduce redundant or text-heavy sentences or bullets to ensure a more professional appearance.
• Incorporate active learning throughout the presentation to hold students’ interest and reinforce learning.

Emphasizing content

• Use italics, bold, and color for emphasizing content.
• Use of a light background (white, beige, yellow) with dark typeface or a dark background (blue, purple, brown) with a light typeface is easy to read in a large room.
• Avoid using too many colors or shifting colors too many times within the presentation, which can be distracting to students.
• Avoid using underlines for emphasis; underlining typically signifies hypertext in digital media.

Use of a light background with dark typeface or a dark background with a light typeface is easy to read in a large room.

• Limit the number of typeface styles to no more than two per slide. Try to keep typeface consistent throughout your presentation so it does not become a distraction.
• Avoid overly ornate or specialty fonts that may be harder for students to read. Stick to basic fonts so as not to distract students from the content.
• Ensure the typeface is large enough to read from anywhere in the room: titles and headings should be no less than 36-40-point font. The subtext should be no less than 32-point font.

Clip art and graphics

• Use clip art and graphics sparingly. Research shows that it’s best to use graphics only when they support the content. Irrelevant graphics and images have been proven to hinder student learning.
• Photographs can be used to add realism. Again, only use photographs that are relevant to the content and serve a pedagogical purpose. Images for decorative purposes are distracting.
• Size and place graphics appropriately on the slide—consider wrapping text around a graphic.
• Use two-dimensional pie and bar graphs rather than 3D styles which can interfere with the intended message.

Use clip art and graphics sparingly. Research shows that it’s best to use graphics only when they support the content.

Animation and sound

• Add motion, sound, or music only when necessary. When in doubt, do without.
• Avoid distracting animations and transitions. Excessive movement within or between slides can interfere with the message and students find them distracting. Avoid them or use only simple screen transitions.

Final check

• Check for spelling, correct word usage, flow of material, and overall appearance of the presentation.
• Colleagues can be helpful to check your presentation for accuracy and appeal. Note: Errors are more obvious when they are projected.
• Schedule at least one practice session to check for timing and flow.
• PowerPoint’s Slide Sorter View is especially helpful to check slides for proper sequencing as well as information gaps and redundancy. You can also use the preview pane on the left of the screen when you are editing the PowerPoint in “Normal” view.
• Prepare for plan “B” in case you have trouble with the technology in the classroom: how will you provide material located on your flash drive or computer? Have an alternate method of instruction ready (printing a copy of your PowerPoint with notes is one idea).

PowerPoint’s Slide Sorter View is especially helpful to check slides for proper sequencing and information gaps and redundancy.

PowerPoint Handouts

PowerPoint provides multiple options for print-based handouts that can be distributed at various points in the class.

Before class: students might like having materials available to help them prepare and formulate questions before the class period.

During class: you could distribute a handout with three slides and lines for notes to encourage students to take notes on the details of your lecture so they have notes alongside the slide material (and aren’t just taking notes on the slide content).

After class: some instructors wait to make the presentation available after the class period so that students concentrate on the presentation rather than reading ahead on the handout.

Never: Some instructors do not distribute the PowerPoint to students so that students don’t rely on access to the presentation and neglect to pay attention in class as a result.

• PowerPoint slides can be printed in the form of handouts—with one, two, three, four, six, or nine slides on a page—that can be given to students for reference during and after the presentation. The three-slides-per-page handout includes lined space to assist in note-taking.
• Notes Pages. Detailed notes can be printed and used during the presentation, or if they are notes intended for students, they can be distributed before the presentation.
• Outline View. PowerPoint presentations can be printed as an outline, which provides all the text from each slide. Outlines offer a welcome alternative to slide handouts and can be modified from the original presentation to provide more or less information than the projected presentation.

The Presentation

Alley, Schreiber, Ramsdell, and Muffo (2006) suggest that PowerPoint slide headline design “affects audience retention,” and they conclude that “succinct sentence headlines are more effective” in information recall than headlines of short phrases or single words (p. 233). In other words, create slide titles with as much information as is used for newspapers and journals to help students better understand the content of the slide.

• PowerPoint should provide key words, concepts, and images to enhance your presentation (but PowerPoint should not replace you as the presenter).
• Avoid reading from the slide—reading the material can be perceived as though you don’t know the material. If you must read the material, provide it in a handout instead of a projected PowerPoint slide.
• Avoid moving a laser pointer across the slide rapidly. If using a laser pointer, use one with a dot large enough to be seen from all areas of the room and move it slowly and intentionally.

Avoid reading from the slide—reading the material can be perceived as though you don’t know the material.

• Use a blank screen to allow students to reflect on what has just been discussed or to gain their attention (Press B for a black screen or W for a white screen while delivering your slide show; press these keys again to return to the live presentation). This pause can also be used for a break period or when transitioning to new content.
• Stand to one side of the screen and face the audience while presenting. Using Presenter View will display your slide notes to you on the computer monitor while projecting only the slides to students on the projector screen.
• Leave classroom lights on and turn off lights directly over the projection screen if possible. A completely dark or dim classroom will impede notetaking (and may encourage nap-taking).
• Learn to use PowerPoint efficiently and have a back-up plan in case of technical failure.
• Give yourself enough time to finish the presentation. Trying to rush through slides can give the impression of an unorganized presentation and may be difficult for students to follow or learn.

PART II: Enhancing Teaching and Learning with PowerPoint

Class preparation.

PowerPoint can be used to prepare lectures and presentations by helping instructors refine their material to salient points and content. Class lectures can be typed in outline format, which can then be refined as slides. Lecture notes can be printed as notes pages  (notes pages: Printed pages that display author notes beneath the slide that the notes accompany.) and could also be given as handouts to accompany the presentation.

Multimodal Learning

Using PowerPoint can help you present information in multiple ways (a multimodal approach) through the projection of color, images, and video for the visual mode; sound and music for the auditory mode; text and writing prompts for the reading/writing mode; and interactive slides that ask students to do something, e.g. a group or class activity in which students practice concepts, for the kinesthetic mode (see Part III: Engaging Students with PowerPoint for more details). Providing information in multiple modalities helps improve comprehension and recall for all students.

Providing information in multiple modalities helps improve comprehension and recall for all students.

Type-on Live Slides

PowerPoint allows users to type directly during the slide show, which provides another form of interaction. These write-on slides can be used to project students’ comments and ideas for the entire class to see. When the presentation is over, the new material can be saved to the original file and posted electronically. This feature requires advanced preparation in the PowerPoint file while creating your presentation. For instructions on how to set up your type-on slide text box, visit this tutorial from AddictiveTips .  

Write or Highlight on Slides

PowerPoint also allows users to use tools to highlight or write directly onto a presentation while it is live. When you are presenting your PowerPoint, move your cursor over the slide to reveal tools in the lower-left corner. One of the tools is a pen icon. Click this icon to choose either a laser pointer, pen, or highlighter. You can use your cursor for these options, or you can use the stylus for your smart podium computer monitor or touch-screen laptop monitor (if applicable).  

Just-In-Time Course Material

You can make your PowerPoint slides, outline, and/or notes pages available online 24/7 through Blackboard, OneDrive, other websites. Students can review the material before class, bring printouts to class, and better prepare themselves for listening rather than taking a lot of notes during the class period. They can also come to class prepared with questions about the material so you can address their comprehension of the concepts.

PART III: Engaging Students with PowerPoint

The following techniques can be incorporated into PowerPoint presentations to increase interactivity and engagement between students and between students and the instructor. Each technique can be projected as a separate PowerPoint slide.

Running Slide Show as Students Arrive in the Classroom

This technique provides visual interest and can include a series of questions for students to answer as they sit waiting for class to begin. These questions could be on future texts or quizzes.

• Opening Question : project an opening question, e.g. “Take a moment to reflect on ___.”
• Think of what you know about ___.
• Turn to a partner and share your knowledge about ___.
• Share with the class what you have discussed with your partner.
• Focused Listing helps with recall of pertinent information, e.g. “list as many characteristics of ___, or write down as many words related to ___ as you can think of.”
• Brainstorming stretches the mind and promotes deep thinking and recall of prior knowledge, e.g. “What do you know about ___? Start with your clearest thoughts and then move on to those what are kind of ‘out there.’”
• Questions : ask students if they have any questions roughly every 15 minutes. This technique provides time for students to reflect and is also a good time for a scheduled break or for the instructor to interact with students.
• Note Check : ask students to “take a few minutes to compare notes with a partner,” or “…summarize the most important information,” or “…identify and clarify any sticking points,” etc.
• Questions and Answer Pairs : have students “take a minute to come with one question then see if you can stump your partner!”
• The Two-Minute Paper allows the instructor to check the class progress, e.g. “summarize the most important points of today’s lecture.” Have students submit the paper at the end of class.
• “If You Could Ask One Last Question—What Would It Be?” This technique allows for students to think more deeply about the topic and apply what they have learned in a question format.
• A Classroom Opinion Poll provides a sense of where students stand on certain topics, e.g. “do you believe in ___,” or “what are your thoughts on ___?”
• Muddiest Point allows anonymous feedback to inform the instructor if changes and or additions need to be made to the class, e.g. “What parts of today’s material still confuse you?”
• Most Useful Point can tell the instructor where the course is on track, e.g. “What is the most useful point in today’s material, and how can you illustrate its use in a practical setting?”

Positive Features of PowerPoint

• PowerPoint saves time and energy—once the presentation has been created, it is easy to update or modify for other courses.
• PowerPoint is portable and can be shared easily with students and colleagues.
• PowerPoint supports multimedia, such as video, audio, images, and

PowerPoint supports multimedia, such as video, audio, images, and animation.

Potential Drawbacks of PowerPoint

• PowerPoint could reduce the opportunity for classroom interaction by being the primary method of information dissemination or designed without built-in opportunities for interaction.
• PowerPoint could lead to information overload, especially with the inclusion of long sentences and paragraphs or lecture-heavy presentations with little opportunity for practical application or active learning.
• PowerPoint could “drive” the instruction and minimize the opportunity for spontaneity and creative teaching unless the instructor incorporates the potential for ingenuity into the presentation. 

As with any technology, the way PowerPoint is used will determine its pedagogical effectiveness. By strategically using the points described above, PowerPoint can be used to enhance instruction and engage students.

Alley, M., Schreiber, M., Ramsdell, K., & Muffo, J. (2006). How the design of headlines in presentation slides affects audience retention. Technical Communication, 53 (2), 225-234. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/43090718

University of Washington, Accessible Technology. (n.d.). Creating accessible presentations in Microsoft PowerPoint. Retrieved from https://www.washington.edu/accessibility/documents/powerpoint/  

Selected Resources

Brill, F. (2016). PowerPoint for teachers: Creating interactive lessons. LinkedIn Learning . Retrieved from https://www.lynda.com/PowerPoint-tutorials/PowerPoint-Teachers-Create-Interactive-Lessons/472427-2.html

Huston, S. (2011). Active learning with PowerPoint [PDF file]. DE Oracle @ UMUC . Retrieved from http://contentdm.umuc.edu/digital/api/collection/p16240coll5/id/78/download

Microsoft Office Support. (n.d.). Make your PowerPoint presentations accessible to people with disabilities. Retrieved from https://support.office.com/en-us/article/make-your-powerpoint-presentations-accessible-to-people-with-disabilities-6f7772b2-2f33-4bd2-8ca7-ae3b2b3ef25

Tufte, E. R. (2006). The cognitive style of PowerPoint: Pitching out corrupts within. Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press LLC.

University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine. (n.d.). Active Learning with a PowerPoint. Retrieved from https://www.unmc.edu/com/_documents/active-learning-ppt.pdf

University of Washington, Department of English. (n.d.). Teaching with PowerPoint. Retrieved from https://english.washington.edu/teaching/teaching-powerpoint

Vanderbilt University, Center for Teaching. (n.d.). Making better PowerPoint presentations. Retrieved from https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/making-better-powerpoint-presentations/

Suggested citation

Northern Illinois University Center for Innovative Teaching and Learning. (2020). Teaching with PowerPoint. In Instructional guide for university faculty and teaching assistants. Retrieved from https://www.niu.edu/citl/resources/guides/instructional-guide

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Nature & Types of learning - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Nature & Types of learning

Learning is the acquisition of habits, knowledge & attitudes. it involves new ways of doing things and it operates in individuals attempts to overcome barrier or to adjust new situations – powerpoint ppt presentation.

• MD. MONSUR RAHMAN
• MPT (Musculoskeletal Disorder)
• MM INSTITUTE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION MULLANA, AMBALA
• Learning is the acquisition of habits, knowledge attitudes. It involves new ways of doing things and it operates in individuals attempts to overcome barrier or to adjust new situations.
• It represents progressive changes in behaviour. It enables him to satisfy interests to attain goals. (Crow crow)
• Learning is Universal.
• Every creature that lives learns. Man learns most. The human nervous system is very complex, so are human reactions and so are human acquisition.
• Learning is Through Experience.
• Learning always involves some kind of experience, direct or indirect (vicarious).
• Learning is from all Sides 
• Today learning is from all sides. Children learn from parents, teachers, environment, nature, media etc.
• Learning is Continuous.
•  It denotes the lifelong nature of learning. Every day new situations are faced and the individual has to bring essential changes in his style of behaviour adopted to tackle them. Learning is birth to death.
• Learning results in Change in Behaviour. 
• It is a change of behaviour influenced by previous behaviour. It is any activity that leaves a more or less permanent effect on later activity.
• Learning is an Adjustment.
• Learning helps the individual to adjust himself adequately to the new situations. Most learning in children consists in modifying, adapting, and developing their original nature. In later life the individuals acquire new forms of behaviour
• Learning comes about as a result of practice.
• It is the basis of drill and practice. It has been proven that students learn best and retain information longer when they have meaningful practice and repetition. Every time practice occurs, learning continues.
• Learning is a relatively Permanent Change. 
• After a rat wake up from his nap he still remembers the path to the food. Even if we have been on a bicycle for years, in just a few minutes practice we can be quite proficient again.
• Learning as Growth and Development.
• It is never ending growth and development. At reach stage the learner acquires new visions of his future growth and news ideals of achievement in the direction of his effort.
• According to Woodworth, All activity can be called learning so far as it develops the individual
• Learning is not directly observable. 
• The only way to study learning is through some observable behaviour. Actually, we cannot observe learning we see only what precedes performance, the performance itself, and the consequences of performance
• 1. Motor learning
• Most of our activities in our day-to-days life refer to motor activities.
• The individual has to learn them in order to maintain his regular life, for example walking, running, skating, driving, climbing, etc. All these activities involve the muscular coordination
• 2. Verbal learning
• This type of learning involves the language we speak, the communication devices we use. Signs, pictures, symbols, words, figures, sounds, etc, are the tools used in such activities. We use words for communication.
• 3. Concept learning
• It is the form of learning which requires higher order mental processes like thinking, reasoning, intelligence, etc.
• we learn different concepts from childhood. For example, when we see a dog and attach the term dog, we learn that the word dog refers to a particular animal.
• 4. Discrimination learning
• Learning to differentiate between stimuli and showing an appropriate response to these stimuli is called discrimination learning. Example, sound horns of different vehicles like bus, car, ambulance, etc.
• 5. Learning of principles
• Individuals learn certain principles related to science, mathematics, grammar, etc. in order to manage their work effectively. These principles always show the relationship between two or more concepts. Example formulae, laws, associations, correlations, etc.
• 6. Problem solving
• This is a higher order learning process. This learning requires the use of cognitive abilities-such as thinking, reasoning, observation, imagination, generalization, etc. This is very useful to overcome difficult problems encountered by the people
• 7. Attitude learning
• Attitude is a predisposition which determines and directs our behaviour. We develop different attitudes from our childhood about the people, objects and everything we know. Our behaviour may be positive or negative depending upon our attitudes. Example attitudes of nurse towards her profession, patients, etc.

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8 Types of Presentations You Should Know [+Examples & Tips]

By Krystle Wong , Aug 11, 2023

From persuasive pitches that influence opinions to instructional demonstrations that teach skills, the different types of presentations serve a unique purpose, tailored to specific objectives and audiences.

Presentations that are tailored to its objectives and audiences are more engaging and memorable. They capture attention, maintain interest and leave a lasting impression. 

Don’t worry if you’re no designer —  Whether you need data-driven visuals, persuasive graphics or engaging design elements, Venngage can empower you to craft presentations that stand out and effectively convey your message.

Venngage’s intuitive drag-and-drop interface, extensive presentation template library and customizable design options make it a valuable tool for creating slides that align with your specific goals and target audience. 

Click to jump ahead:

8 Different types of presentations every presenter must know

How do i choose the right type of presentation for my topic or audience, types of presentation faq, 5 steps to create a presentation with venngage .

When it comes to presentations, versatility is the name of the game. Having a variety of presentation styles up your sleeve can make a world of difference in keeping your audience engaged. Here are 8 essential presentation types that every presenter should be well-acquainted with:

1. Informative presentation

Ever sat through a presentation that left you feeling enlightened? That’s the power of an informative presentation. 

This presentation style is all about sharing knowledge and shedding light on a particular topic. Whether you’re diving into the depths of quantum physics or explaining the intricacies of the latest social media trends, informative presentations aim to increase the audience’s understanding.

When delivering an informative presentation, simplify complex topics with clear visuals and relatable examples. Organize your content logically, starting with the basics and gradually delving deeper and always remember to keep jargon to a minimum and encourage questions for clarity.

Academic presentations and research presentations are great examples of informative presentations. An effective academic presentation involves having clear structure, credible evidence, engaging delivery and supporting visuals. Provide context to emphasize the topic’s significance, practice to perfect timing, and be ready to address anticipated questions. 

2. Persuasive presentation

If you’ve ever been swayed by a passionate speaker armed with compelling arguments, you’ve experienced a persuasive presentation . 

This type of presentation is like a verbal tug-of-war, aiming to convince the audience to see things from a specific perspective. Expect to encounter solid evidence, logical reasoning and a dash of emotional appeal.

With persuasive presentations, it’s important to know your audience inside out and tailor your message to their interests and concerns. Craft a compelling narrative with a strong opening, a solid argument and a memorable closing. Additionally, use visuals strategically to enhance your points.

Examples of persuasive presentations include presentations for environmental conservations, policy change, social issues and more. Here are some engaging presentation templates you can use to get started with: 

3. Demonstration or how-to presentation

A Demonstration or How-To Presentation is a type of presentation where the speaker showcases a process, technique, or procedure step by step, providing the audience with clear instructions on how to replicate the demonstrated action. 

A demonstrative presentation is particularly useful when teaching practical skills or showing how something is done in a hands-on manner.

These presentations are commonly used in various settings, including educational workshops, training sessions, cooking classes, DIY tutorials, technology demonstrations and more. Designing creative slides for your how-to presentations can heighten engagement and foster better information retention. 

Speakers can also consider breaking down the process into manageable steps, using visual aids, props and sometimes even live demonstrations to illustrate each step. The key is to provide clear and concise instructions, engage the audience with interactive elements and address any questions that may arise during the presentation.

4. Training or instructional presentation

Training presentations are geared towards imparting practical skills, procedures or concepts — think of this as the more focused cousin of the demonstration presentation. 

Whether you’re teaching a group of new employees the ins and outs of a software or enlightening budding chefs on the art of soufflé-making, training presentations are all about turning novices into experts.

To maximize the impact of your training or instructional presentation, break down complex concepts into digestible segments. Consider using real-life examples to illustrate each point and create a connection. 

You can also create an interactive presentation by incorporating elements like quizzes or group activities to reinforce understanding.

5. Sales presentation

Sales presentations are one of the many types of business presentations and the bread and butter of businesses looking to woo potential clients or customers. With a sprinkle of charm and a dash of persuasion, these presentations showcase products, services or ideas with one end goal in mind: sealing the deal.

A successful sales presentation often has key characteristics such as a clear value proposition, strong storytelling, confidence and a compelling call to action. Hence, when presenting to your clients or stakeholders, focus on benefits rather than just features. 

Anticipate and address potential objections before they arise and use storytelling to showcase how your offering solves a specific problem for your audience. Utilizing visual aids is also a great way to make your points stand out and stay memorable.

A sales presentation can be used to promote service offerings, product launches or even consultancy proposals that outline the expertise and industry experience of a business. Here are some template examples you can use for your next sales presentation:

6. Pitch presentation

Pitch presentations are your ticket to garnering the interest and support of potential investors, partners or stakeholders. Think of your pitch deck as your chance to paint a vivid picture of your business idea or proposal and secure the resources you need to bring it to life. 

Business presentations aside, individuals can also create a portfolio presentation to showcase their skills, experience and achievements to potential clients, employers or investors. 

Craft a concise and compelling narrative. Clearly define the problem your idea solves and how it stands out in the market. Anticipate questions and practice your answers. Project confidence and passion for your idea.

7. Motivational or inspirational presentation

Feeling the need for a morale boost? That’s where motivational presentations step in. These talks are designed to uplift and inspire, often featuring personal anecdotes, heartwarming stories and a generous serving of encouragement.

Form a connection with your audience by sharing personal stories that resonate with your message. Use a storytelling style with relatable anecdotes and powerful metaphors to create an emotional connection. Keep the energy high and wrap up your inspirational presentations with a clear call to action.

Inspirational talks and leadership presentations aside, a motivational or inspirational presentation can also be a simple presentation aimed at boosting confidence, a motivational speech focused on embracing change and more.

8. Status or progress report presentation

Projects and businesses are like living organisms, constantly evolving and changing. Status or progress report presentations keep everyone in the loop by providing updates on achievements, challenges and future plans. It’s like a GPS for your team, ensuring everyone stays on track.

Be transparent about achievements, challenges and future plans. Utilize infographics, charts and diagrams to present your data visually and simplify information. By visually representing data, it becomes easier to identify trends, make predictions and strategize based on evidence.

Now that you’ve learned about the different types of presentation methods and how to use them, you’re on the right track to creating a good presentation that can boost your confidence and enhance your presentation skills . 

Selecting the most suitable presentation style is akin to choosing the right outfit for an occasion – it greatly influences how your message is perceived. Here’s a more detailed guide to help you make that crucial decision:

1. Define your objectives

Begin by clarifying your presentation’s goals. Are you aiming to educate, persuade, motivate, train or perhaps sell a concept? Your objectives will guide you to the most suitable presentation type. 

For instance, if you’re aiming to inform, an informative presentation would be a natural fit. On the other hand, a persuasive presentation suits the goal of swaying opinions.

2. Know your audience

Regardless if you’re giving an in-person or a virtual presentation — delve into the characteristics of your audience. Consider factors like their expertise level, familiarity with the topic, interests and expectations. 

If your audience consists of professionals in your field, a more technical presentation might be suitable. However, if your audience is diverse and includes newcomers, an approachable and engaging style might work better.

3. Analyze your content

Reflect on the content you intend to present. Is it data-heavy, rich in personal stories or focused on practical skills? Different presentation styles serve different content types. 

For data-driven content, an informative or instructional presentation might work best. For emotional stories, a motivational presentation could be a compelling choice.

4. Consider time constraints

Evaluate the time you have at your disposal. If your presentation needs to be concise due to time limitations, opt for a presentation style that allows you to convey your key points effectively within the available timeframe. A pitch presentation, for example, often requires delivering impactful information within a short span.

5. Leverage visuals

Visual aids are powerful tools in presentations. Consider whether your content would benefit from visual representation. If your PowerPoint presentations involve step-by-step instructions or demonstrations, a how-to presentation with clear visuals would be advantageous. Conversely, if your content is more conceptual, a motivational presentation could rely more on spoken words.

6. Align with the setting

Take the presentation environment into account. Are you presenting in a formal business setting, a casual workshop or a conference? Your setting can influence the level of formality and interactivity in your presentation. For instance, a demonstration presentation might be ideal for a hands-on workshop, while a persuasive presentation is great for conferences.

7. Gauge audience interaction

Determine the level of audience engagement you want. Interactive presentations work well for training sessions, workshops and small group settings, while informative or persuasive presentations might be more one-sided.

8. Flexibility

Stay open to adjusting your presentation style on the fly. Sometimes, unexpected factors might require a change of presentation style. Be prepared to adjust on the spot if audience engagement or reactions indicate that a different approach would be more effective.

Remember that there is no one-size-fits-all approach, and the best type of presentation may vary depending on the specific situation and your unique communication goals. By carefully considering these factors, you can choose the most effective presentation type to successfully engage and communicate with your audience.

To save time, use a presentation software or check out these presentation design and presentation background guides to create a presentation that stands out.    

What are some effective ways to begin and end a presentation?

Capture your audience’s attention from the start of your presentation by using a surprising statistic, a compelling story or a thought-provoking question related to your topic. 

To conclude your presentation , summarize your main points, reinforce your key message and leave a lasting impression with a powerful call to action or a memorable quote that resonates with your presentation’s theme.

How can I make my presentation more engaging and interactive?

To create an engaging and interactive presentation for your audience, incorporate visual elements such as images, graphs and videos to illustrate your points visually. Share relatable anecdotes or real-life examples to create a connection with your audience. 

You can also integrate interactive elements like live polls, open-ended questions or small group discussions to encourage participation and keep your audience actively engaged throughout your presentation.

Which types of presentations require special markings

Some presentation types require special markings such as how sales presentations require persuasive techniques like emphasizing benefits, addressing objections and using compelling visuals to showcase products or services. 

Demonstrations and how-to presentations on the other hand require clear markings for each step, ensuring the audience can follow along seamlessly. 

That aside, pitch presentations require highlighting unique selling points, market potential and the competitive edge of your idea, making it stand out to potential investors or partners.

Need some inspiration on how to make a presentation that will captivate an audience? Here are 120+ presentation ideas to help you get started. 

Creating a stunning and impactful presentation with Venngage is a breeze. Whether you’re crafting a business pitch, a training presentation or any other type of presentation, follow these five steps to create a professional presentation that stands out:

• Sign up and log in to Venngage to access the editor.
• Choose a presentation template that matches your topic or style.
• Customize content, colors, fonts, and background to personalize your presentation.
• Add images, icons, and charts to enhancevisual style and clarity.
• Save, export, and share your presentation as PDF or PNG files, or use Venngage’s Presentation Mode for online showcasing.

In the realm of presentations, understanding the different types of presentation formats is like having a versatile set of tools that empower you to craft compelling narratives for every occasion.

Remember, the key to a successful presentation lies not only in the content you deliver but also in the way you connect with your audience. Whether you’re informing, persuading or entertaining, tailoring your approach to the specific type of presentation you’re delivering can make all the difference.

Presentations are a powerful tool, and with practice and dedication (and a little help from Venngage), you’ll find yourself becoming a presentation pro in no time. Now, let’s get started and customize your next presentation!

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Introduction to Machine learning

• by Refresh Science
• July 17, 2020 January 22, 2023

Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence that involves algorithms and data that automatically analyse and make decision by itself without human intervention. It describes how computer perform tasks on their own by previous experiences. Therefore we can say in machine language artificial intelligence is generated on the basis of experience.

The difference between normal computer software and machine learning is that a human developer hasn’t given codes that instructs the system how to react to situation, instead it is being trained by a large number of data.

Uses of Machine Learning

Some of the machine learning algorithms are:

• Neural Networks
• Random Forests
• Decision trees
• Genetic algorithm
• Radial basis function

Download Machine Learning PowerPoint Presentation for free

Note : If the download link is not working, kindly let us know in comment section.

Types of Machine Learning

There are three types of machine learning

Supervised learning

• Unsupervised learning
• Reinforcement learning

Supervised learning is a technique where the program is given labelled input data and the expected output data. It gets the data from training data containing sets of examples. They generate two kinds of results :

Classification: They notify the class of the data it is presented with.

Regression: they expect the product to produce a numerical value.

UNSUPERVISED LEARNING

This type of algorithm consists of input data without labelled response. There will not be any pre existing labels and human intervention is also less. It is mostly used in exploratory analysis as it can automatically identify the structure in data.

REINFORCEMENT LEARNING

This model is used in making a sequence of decisions. It is an learning by interacting with the environment. It is based on the observation that intelligent agents tend to repeat the action that are rewarded for and refrain from action that are punished for. It can be said that it is an trail and error method in finding the best outcome based on experience.

Machine Learning Uses:

• Traffic prediction
• Virtual Personal Assistant
• Speech recognition
• Email spam and malware filtering
• Bioinformatics
• Natural language processing

Real Time Examples for Machine Learning

Traffic prediction:.

By using GPS navigation service out location are saved at the central server for managing traffic. Based on the number of gps tracked at the location traffic at the particular Street is identified.

Virtual Personal Assistant: 

Smart Speakers, Smartphones and apps like google allo.

Online Transportation:

In apps like uber the available vehicle near our area, the estimated cost and distance of the travel are computed using this technique.

Social Media Services:

In app like Facebook personalizing our news feed, people you may know are done using Machine learning.

Email spam filtering:

There are number of approaches clients use. These filters are continuously updated and powered by machine learning.

Product Recommendation:

In online shopping while we search for a product all its relavant products are displayed in our screen . It is based on the technique of machine learning.

Online Fraud detection:

Tracking monetary frauds online by making cyber space a secure place is an example of machine learning.

Best Programming Languages for Machine Learning:

Some of the best and most commonly used machine learning programs are

• JavaScript,

Machine Learning vs Artificial Intelligence

Difference Between Machine Learning And Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence is a concept of creating intelligent machines that stimulates human behaviour whereas Machine learning is a subset of Artificial intelligence that allows machine to learn from data without being programmed.

Advantages of ML

• Fast, Accurate, Efficient.
• Automation of most applications.
• Wide range of real life applications.
• Enhanced cyber security and spam detection.
• No human Intervention is needed.
• Handling multi dimensional data.

Multimodality, Online Oncology Learning Curriculum: An Adaptable, Asynchronous Learning Resource

Embargo lift date, committee members, degree year, journal title, journal issn, volume title.

Background/Objective: Dedicated educational sessions can improve residents’ interest in a career in oncology. Challenges remain with creating effective learning resources tailored to multiple learning styles on busy oncology rotations. Here, we aimed to build an effective and adaptable oncology curriculum for learners using online, multimodality, and interactive learning tools and resources.

Methods: Using the Canvas® online learning management system, modules covering specific cancer types were created, each with a pre-survey to assess learners’ evaluation of their own knowledge and comfort of the specific cancer type, a brief video or audio file covering high-yield material about the cancer type, interactive case-based questions to review and reinforce content, and a post-survey to assess the change in knowledge and comfort in clinical application of the material. As initial modules were built, learner preference for module style was evaluated and subsequent modules were adapted based on that feedback. Pre- and post-surveys were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Median values and interquartile ranges are reported. A one-sided t-test was used to compare responses.

Results: Two initial modules were created. The lung cancer module included a high-yield voice-over PowerPoint presentation followed by interactive, case-based questions. The breast cancer module used a high-yield podcast with accompanying note handout followed by interactive case-based questions. After the completion of these two modules, six learners completed a ranking for preference of module learning style. Four learners preferred voice-over PowerPoint with case-based questions afterward, while the other two preferred upfront cases to work through followed by a voice-over PowerPoint for reinforcement. Of the listed module styles, a podcast was preferred the least. With this feedback, two additional modules were created, one with cases before a PowerPoint and another voice-over PowerPoint followed by cases. Overall, 21 learners have completed both pre- and post-survey responses for comparison. Median rating of the learners’ knowledge of a specific cancer type increased from 2-Fair (2) on the pre-survey to 4-Agree (1) after completing the learning module (p<0.001). All learners felt more comfortable with their clinical application of the cancer topic after completing the module, median 2(2) on pre-survey vs. 4(1) on post-survey (p<0.001). Median rating for feeling that knowledge of the specific cancer type increased after the module was 4-Agree (3).

Discussion/Conclusions: Using learning science principles and an adaptive framework, this online, asynchronous oncology curriculum has resulted in improvements in learners’ perceived knowledge and clinical application of oncology topics. Further modules are being created and adapted in response to learners’ feedback.

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