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Grade Calculator

Our weighted grade calculator shows your average and what to earn for the final grade you want. A timesaver if you don't know how to calculate grades!

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The grade you want

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FINAL GRADE

A grade of 80.5 or higher is needed for the remaining 40% of tasks to ensure a final grade of 85.

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Table of Contents

• Grade Calculators: Useful Tools to Show You What You've Accomplished and Help Plan Your Next Move
• Where You Are and How to Get Where You're Going

Saving Time

How to determine your weighted average, forming a game plan to reach your target grade, know what you need on the last big test, students and teachers often misunderstand weighted averages.

• It's Pretty Simple When You Have All the Data

Missing Grades Make the Math More Complicated

The reason we need these calculators, 6 ways to evaluate student progress, grade calculators: useful tools to show you what you've accomplished and help plan your next move.

A weighted grading calculator can be a lifesaver for students who need to know where they stand at any point in the grading period. These convenient programs save time and give students and teachers quick, accurate information. But what is it they do? This article will investigate what functions grade calculators perform, how they operate, and why we have grades in the first place.

Where You Are and How to Get Where You're Going

The three calculators above can help teachers and students answer urgent questions about grades in seconds. First, the Grade Calculator computes a weighted average for any course, accepting both number and letter grades.

In addition, the Final Grade Planning Calculator displays the grade needed on outstanding assignments to reach a target final grade. Also, the Final Grade Calculator determines what a student needs to score on their final exam to reach their target final grade.

Compared to the normal average, a weighted average requires more calculations. When you figure out a weighted average, the many numbers you use are given varying weights or values in relation to one another. This phenomenon occurs in most high-school and college courses, where different assignment types are worth different percentages of the final grade. A course grade calculator makes finding weighted averages quick and accurate.

In addition, many students become concerned near the end of a quarter, semester, or year. They often worry that they will not get a good grade, but they can rely on a Final Grade Planning Calculator to tell them how to perform to reach their desired goal.

Similarly, students often need to achieve a specific score on their final project or exam to get the desired grade. In this case, a Final Grade Calculator lets them know how hard they must work to get where they need to go.

Suppose a grading period is over and all grades are accounted for. In that case, a student can use the Grade Calculator to ensure the teacher made no mathematical errors. In this example, the student enters each assignment, grade, and weight into the calculator.

After clicking "Calculate," the Grade calculator provides a numerical and letter grade.

Average Grade: 87.7 (B+)

Provided there are still grades or categories outstanding, enter the target final grade and the weight percentage weight of the outstanding assignments.

After hitting "Calculate," the Final Grade Planning Calculator will display the current weighted average and the score required on outstanding work to achieve the desired final grade.

• Average grade: 85.0 (B).
• A grade of 95.0 is needed for the remaining 30% of tasks to ensure a final grade of 88.

When all grades other than the final exam are accounted for, enter the current weighted average grade, target grade, and final exam weight in the Final Grade Calculator. Click the Calculate button.

• Your current grade: 79
• The grade you want: 85
• Your final is worth: 35%

The Final Grade Calculator will display the final exam grade necessary to attain the desired final grade.

Result You will need a grade of 96.1 or higher on the final.

Weighted averages include numbers with different abilities to skew the average—thus the term "weighted." Unfortunately, many students (and some teachers!) don't understand how to calculate grades using weighted averages because they require more calculations than simple ones.

Suppose you're attempting to figure out your grade in a class where different assignments are worth varying percentages of your final grade. In that case, you might need to determine a weighted average. Whether the sum of your weights equals 1 (or 100%) will affect the method you employ.

It's Pretty Simple When You Have All the Data

To calculate a weighted average where the total weights equal 1, multiply each grade by its corresponding weight and add them all up. Rendered mathematically: g1(w1) + g2(w2) + g3(w3), and so on, where g is each grade and w is the corresponding weight. Of course, most syllabi list weights as percentages, so you will need to convert them into decimals first. For example, 25% equals 0.25; therefore, 100% equals 1.

The math is slightly different when some grades are missing, and the total weights equal less than one. This happens when you use the Final Grade Planning Calculator to determine your current weighted average and the score needed on the outstanding work to get the final grade you want.

Mathematically, you would figure out the weighted average the same way. However, you need to take the sum of each grade (weight) and divide it by the total weight of the known grades (in decimal form).

The formula would be Σgw/Σw where Σgw is the sum of each grade (weight) and Σw is the sum of all weights in decimal form.

The complexity of these calculations makes a weighted grade calculator a lifesaver for students.

Grading is a comparatively recent invention. Since 1785, students at Yale have been receiving the Latin equivalents of the words best (optimi), worse (inferiores), and worst (peiores). So, Yale was the first university in the United States to assign grades.

Before that, American colleges followed the Oxford and Cambridge models, which required frequent attendance at lectures and a weekly dialogue between the student and their proctor, both in person and in writing.

When the proctor or panel of other professors thought the students had shown an appropriate grasp of the subject, the course was declared complete. The faculty gave no grade. A prospective employer could only compare a student's qualifications through reference letters.

Universities experimented with a wide variety of systems during the 19th century. For example, Yale used scales ranging from four to nine points. The professors at Harvard experimented with 20 and 100-point scales before deciding that grouping students into five classes, with the lowest class failing the course, was the best they could do.

To assist professors in evaluating students, William and Mary public research University in the U.S. used the categories: "orderly, accurate, and attentive" or "they have learned little or nothing."

Because of the significant increases in immigration and the emergence of regulations requiring compulsory attendance, schools were overcrowded at the beginning of the 20th century. As a result, teachers and administrators needed an effective, standardized method for testing and grading many pupils. These circumstances naturally led to the nationwide standardization of school grading.

Our calculators use the percentages and letter grades common in the U.S. However, there are many other ways to assess student progress. Here is a quick list of common grading alternatives:

• A percentage ranging from 0% to 100%.
• Letter Grades with Variations (A, C+, B-).
• Standard-Based. Students receive marks relative to specific knowledge in the curriculum.
• Mastery-Based Grading. Students have the time to master a skill before moving to another.
• Narrative-Based Grading. Students receive lengthy written feedback about their performance in class.

It may seem that the student grading system has been around forever. However, before the 20th century, the grading systems we now know did not exist.

We still worry about how to determine our grades when each type of assignment has its own "weight." We wonder what we need to get on the final exam to pass.

Our grade calculator can't give you the knowledge to handle every assignment. But he can reassure you by telling you where you are and what results you need to achieve.

Grade Calculator

Use this calculator to find out the grade of a course based on weighted averages. This calculator accepts both numerical as well as letter grades. It also can calculate the grade needed for the remaining assignments in order to get a desired grade for an ongoing course.

Final Grade Calculator

Use this calculator to find out the grade needed on the final exam in order to get a desired grade in a course. It accepts letter grades, percentage grades, and other numerical inputs.

Related GPA Calculator

The calculators above use the following letter grades and their typical corresponding numerical equivalents based on grade points.

Brief history of different grading systems

In 1785, students at Yale were ranked based on "optimi" being the highest rank, followed by second optimi, inferiore (lower), and pejores (worse). At William and Mary, students were ranked as either No. 1, or No. 2, where No. 1 represented students that were first in their class, while No. 2 represented those who were "orderly, correct and attentive." Meanwhile at Harvard, students were graded based on a numerical system from 1-200 (except for math and philosophy where 1-100 was used). Later, shortly after 1883, Harvard used a system of "Classes" where students were either Class I, II, III, IV, or V, with V representing a failing grade. All of these examples show the subjective, arbitrary, and inconsistent nature with which different institutions graded their students, demonstrating the need for a more standardized, albeit equally arbitrary grading system.

In 1887, Mount Holyoke College became the first college to use letter grades similar to those commonly used today. The college used a grading scale with the letters A, B, C, D, and E, where E represented a failing grade. This grading system however, was far stricter than those commonly used today, with a failing grade being defined as anything below 75%. The college later re-defined their grading system, adding the letter F for a failing grade (still below 75%). This system of using a letter grading scale became increasingly popular within colleges and high schools, eventually leading to the letter grading systems typically used today. However, there is still significant variation regarding what may constitute an A, or whether a system uses plusses or minuses (i.e. A+ or B-), among other differences.

An alternative to the letter grading system

Letter grades provide an easy means to generalize a student's performance. They can be more effective than qualitative evaluations in situations where "right" or "wrong" answers can be easily quantified, such as an algebra exam, but alone may not provide a student with enough feedback in regards to an assessment like a written paper (which is much more subjective).

Although a written analysis of each individual student's work may be a more effective form of feedback, there exists the argument that students and parents are unlikely to read the feedback, and that teachers do not have the time to write such an analysis. There is precedence for this type of evaluation system however, in Saint Ann's School in New York City, an arts-oriented private school that does not have a letter grading system. Instead, teachers write anecdotal reports for each student. This method of evaluation focuses on promoting learning and improvement, rather than the pursuit of a certain letter grade in a course. For better or for worse however, these types of programs constitute a minority in the United States, and though the experience may be better for the student, most institutions still use a fairly standard letter grading system that students will have to adjust to. The time investment that this type of evaluation method requires of teachers/professors is likely not viable on university campuses with hundreds of students per course. As such, although there are other high schools such as Sanborn High School that approach grading in a more qualitative way, it remains to be seen whether such grading methods can be scalable. Until then, more generalized forms of grading like the letter grading system are unlikely to be entirely replaced. However, many educators already try to create an environment that limits the role that grades play in motivating students. One could argue that a combination of these two systems would likely be the most realistic, and effective way to provide a more standardized evaluation of students, while promoting learning.

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Calculating a Weighted Grade

Calculating Grade Calculating Weighted Grade

Another basic type of grading scheme is a weighted program, where the course grade is divided into component parts, each part being worth some percentage of the total grade. The easiest way I've found to deal with this is to convert the grade components into points, and then work from there.

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What is a weighted grade?

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A weighted grade is one in which the different components of the grade (the homework, essays, etc) are each worth a certain percentage of the total grade, and these percentages do not correlate with the number of points awarded for the components.

For instance, a course may award 300 component points for homework and 200 component points for the midterm, but the homework points comprise only 15% of the overall grade, while the midterm comprises 20% . In a sense, the midterm's component points are worth more than the homework's component points; the midterm is weighted more heavily in the overall grade.

How do you calculate a weighted grade?

To calculate a weighted grade, consider each component of the overall grade separately, and use the fact that a perfect score in the course would mean that you'd earned 100% of the course points available.

• Each component of the overall grade (such as homework and quizzes) is a certain percentage of the overall grade. Convert this percentage to component points. For example, if homework is 30% of the overall grade, then assign 30 component points for homework.
• Add up the points you have earned for each component, and divide by the total number of component points available for that component, to get a percentage score for that component of the overall grade. For example, if the homework assignments add up to 500 points and you've earned 395 points, then you have earned 395 ÷ 500 = 0.79 , or 79% of the points available for this component.
• Multiply the component points by the percentage that you earned on that component. Continuing our homework example, 0.79 × 30 = 23.7 , so you have earned 23.7 course points of the 30 course points available for homework.
• Add the course points from each component to determine how many course points you have so far.
• Determine what grade you are seeking for the course, and how many points (out of 100 ) you need for this grade.
• Subtract the value in (4) from the value in (5). This tells you how many course points you need to get the desired grade.
• Divide the value in (6) by the component points for the Final. This tells you the percentage that you need to get on the Final in order to earn the desired grade overall.

It sounds complicated. Here's how it works in practice:

• A returning student has worked hard on her homework (even swallowing her pride and asking her high-school son for help), and has at least attempted all of the extra credit points available. She has earned 369 points (of the 413 available) on the homework, earned 172 of 200 quiz points, and got 91%, 81%, 79%, and 84%, respectively, on the four tests. She got 13 points on the extra credit project, which were added to her homework score. The homework is 30% of her grade, the quizzes are 10%, each of the tests is 10%, and the Final is 20%. She is hoping for a B in the course (on a standard ten-point scale). Can she get what she's hoping for?

Getting a perfect grade in the course would mean earning 100% of the course points. I'll convert this to being 100 course points.

The homework component of the course is worth 30% of the course grade, so I'll convert this to say that the homework component is worth 30 course points. Doing the same for all the course components (noting that the four tests are 10 course points each), I get:

homework: 30 course points

quizzes: 10 course points

tests: 40 course points

Final: 20 course points

Adding the extra-credit points into her homework grade, she has 369 + 13 = 382 of the 413 homework points. Doing the division, she has earned 382 ÷ 413 ≈ 0.924939… , or about 92.5% of the component points for homework. This component is worth 30 course points, so she has earned 0.925 × 30 =27.75 course points from the homework.

Following this reasoning and method, the course points earned from each component are found by working step-by-step as follows:

• homework ( 30 course points):

component points: 382 of 413

percentage: 382 ÷ 413 = 0.924939... , or about 92.5%

course points: 0.925 × 30 = 27.75

• quizzes ( 10 course points):

component points: 172 of 200

percentage: 172 ÷ 200 = 0.86 , or 86%

course points: 0.86 × 10 = 8.6

• tests ( 40 course points):

component points: 335 of 400

percentage: 335 ÷ 400 = 0.8375 , or 83.75%

course points: 0.8375 × 40 = 33.5

Then the total of her course points so far is:

27.75 + 8.6 + 33.5 = 69.85

(They didn't ask, but this means that she currently is at 69.85 ÷ 80 = 0.873125 , or about 87.3% in the course. She's doing pretty well so far.)

To get a B overall, she needs at least 80% of, or 80 of 100 , course points. She already has 69.85 course points, so she only needs another 80 − 69.85 = 10.15 course points, and the Final is worth 20 course points.

In other words, in order to get a B in the class, she needs to get at least 10.15 ÷ 20 = 0.5075 , or 50.75% , on the Final. Considering that she's done better than that (by quite a bit) on each component of the course, this result for the Final seems quite reasonable.

(They didn't ask but, to get an A, she'd need 90 − 69.85 = 20.15 course points, which is more course points than the Final is worth, so it's mathematically unreachable.)

She should easily be able to get a B.

Sometimes the computations may be thrown off a bit by dropping scores. For instance, I took a chemistry course where we were allowed to drop one of our test scores; heck, we didn't even have to show up for that test, if we didn't feel like it (and I didn't).

Computing the grade in such a situation is just like the previous examples, except that each student will probably be throwing out different scores. If your class has a grading scheme like this, you should definitely keep all of your papers, so you have proof of your scores.

• In a certain course, the quizzes are 15% of the grade, the lab score is 25%, the tests are 30%, and the Final is 30%. Students are allowed to drop the two lowest quiz scores and the one lowest test score. Course grades are on a standard ten-point scale: 90% or more is an A, 80% to 89% is a B, and so forth. Miguel has worked very hard in this class, but was hospitalized for a while near the beginning of the semester, so he's glad he can drop some of those lower scores. His sixteen quiz scores are 10, 10, 9, 6, [absent], 9, 8, 10, 7, 10, 10, 9, 9, 10, 8, and 9. His four test scores are 92, 73, 89, and 94. He was a butterfingers in the lab (don't even ask how many crucibles and pipettes he broke), so he earned only 71% for his lab grade. To get a scholarship next year, he really needs an A in this course. Can he do it?

Since the quiz component of the grade is the sum of the fourteen highest scores on the 10-point quizzes, the quiz component is out of 140 points. Dropping his 6 and the zero for when he was absent, Miguel's quiz total is 128 component points.

Since the test component is based on three tests, I can view this as being out of 300 points. Dropping the 73, his test total is 275 component points.

I'll calculate each component separately:

• quizzes ( 15 course points):

component points: 128 of 140

percentage: 128 ÷ 140 = 0.9142857... , or about 91.4%

course points: 0.914 × 15 = 13.71

• tests ( 30 course points):

component points: 275 of 300

percentage: 275 ÷ 300 = 0.916666.... , or about 91.7%

course points: 0.917 × 30 = 27.51

• lab ( 25 course points):

component points: 71 of 100

percentage: 71 ÷ 100 = 0.71 , or 71%

course points: 0.71 × 25 = 17.75

Then the total of his course points so far is:

13.71 + 27.51 + 17.75 = 58.97

So far, Miguel is running a 58.97 ÷ 70 = 0.84242857... , or about 84% in the course. To get an A overall, he needs 90% overall, which means he needs to do well on the Final. How well?

To get 90 grade-points in the course, he'll need 90 − 58.97 = 31.03 course points from the Final. But the Final is worth only 30 course points. So it is numerically impossible for him to get an A.

However, to get a B, he'll need only 80 − 58.97 = 21.03 course points from the Final, which is 21.03 ÷ 30 = 0.701 , or 70.1% , on the Final. Since he's done better than 70% on everything (outside of the time he was sick), he should have no trouble getting a B.

It is numerically impossible for Miguel to get an A, but he can easily get a B.

For the scholarship, it might help if he got a letter from his doctor regarding his illness and a testimonial from his instructor or his lab TA regarding his good performance once he got out of the hospital, and include these with his application. He shouldn't give up on the scholarship just because of his illness, because he really did do quite well the rest of the time.

Different grading schemes will have different details, and there are probably infinitely-many ways to design a syllabus, so the above examples can't hope to cover every situation. But if you can understand the basic methodology of the examples, you should be able to figure out what you need on the Final for most any course you take.

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Grade Calculation

Weighted average, missing grades.

Grade Calculator

Use this weighted grade calculator to easily calculate the weighted average grade for a class or course. Enter letter grades (A, B-, C+, etc.) or percentage scores (75, 88, 92, etc.) achieved on all relevant exams, homework assignments, projects, verbal exams, etc. as well as their weights as percentages. Optionally, enter a final grade goal to estimate how much you need to score on your final exam in order to meet your goal.

Related calculators

• How to calculate your grade
• What grade do I need on my final?
• How to convert a grade to percentage?

    How to calculate your grade

With the help of this grade calculator you can calculate your current weighted grade or unweighted grade in terms of percentage, letter grade, or GPA. The tool will also output the weight of all remaining exams, and assignments and has the option of calculating the minimum score you need to obtain on a final exam in order to achieve a target overall grade for a class or course.

To use the calculator, enter the number of grades you currently have, then each grade as a percent or letter grade , and finally the weight each grade adds towards the overall. If no weights are entered, the weights are assumed equal and the calculator will output the unweighted average grade. Otherwise a weighted average grade will be produced in terms of percentage, GPA, and a letter grade.

    What grade do I need on my final?

If you haven't yet got a score on the final exam for a given class, you can use this tool as a final grade calculator. In order to achieve a given grade goal for the entire class, course, or semester, a given minimum grade is required on the final exam, depending on both the weighted average grade to that date, and the weight of the final on the overall grade. This minimum required score can be calculated using the following formula:

Required final score = (Grade Goal - Current Grade x (100% - Weight of Final(%))) / Weight of Final(%)

The current grade is calculated based on the weighted average of all marks to date. The weight of the final test is calculated as 100% minus the combined weight of all grades to date. Therefore, if the combined weight of the scores you enter is 65% then the final exam will have a weight of 100% - 65% = 35%.

    How to convert a grade to percentage?

Our grade calculator uses the following table to convert letter grades to percentages. Note that since this is not a universally applicable table, ideally one would want to know the exact percentage scores and use these as input for the calculator, otherwise the results may be slightly off.

Again, it is our recommendation that you check with your local school or college and enter percentage grades instead of letter grades for the most accurate calculation. Note that while U.S. colleges and schools are likely to use the above grading, educational institutions in other countries may use a vastly different GPA scale.

Cite this calculator & page

If you'd like to cite this online calculator resource and information as provided on the page, you can use the following citation: Georgiev G.Z., "Grade Calculator" , [online] Available at: https://www.gigacalculator.com/calculators/grade-calculator.php URL [Accessed Date: 25 Apr, 2024].

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Middle School teachers: How do you break down your grade %?

Discussion in ' Secondary Education ' started by kstar03 , Aug 13, 2008 .

kstar03 Companion

Aug 13, 2008

I was wondering how people break down their percentages when grading, especially 7th and 8th grade. I had the following for my student teaching last year but since that was for high school I figured it wouldn't be appropriate. Suggestions? Test/Essays: 40% Quizzes: 30% Classwork/Groupwork: 15% Homework: 10% Class participation: 5%  

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Rockguykev Connoisseur

Aug 14, 2008

Everything my class is point based. Each day is 10 points no matter what the assignment was. Bi-weekly quizzes are 20, monthly tests are 40. On average I end up with roughly 30% total in quizzes/tests and 70% in classwork.  

Brendan Fanatic

35% Tests and Major Papers, Projects, and Essays 25% Quizzes and Binder Checks 20% Classwork 20% Homework *Small Projects, Essays, etc. can be a quiz, test, hw, or cw grade.  

kickatstars Rookie

kseed, your breakdown is exactly the same as what I've used for the last two years in 7th LA. It's worked pretty well for me. I do break down large assignments (essays, etc) into smaller pieces. For example, an essay would have prewriting, rough draft, peer review, revisions, and final draft grades. All these grades would count under the text/essay category.  

cheranimal New Member

Our school uses this system: Daily/homework = 60% Tests = 40% That way if a student doesn't test well, but puts forth 110% effort, they still have the chance to get a decent grade!  

Chas Rookie

Aug 16, 2008

Classwork - 25% Homework - 20% Quizzes - 20% Tests - 25% Responsibility - 5% Class Participation - 5% "Class Participation" includes behaviour in class. We're not allowed to call it "Behaviour", so i include it in Participation. "Responsibility" includes coming to class on time, with all required materials (pencil, notebook, workbook). It also includes returning signed documents (i give the students a printed progress report every Monday with their recent grades and current class average to get signed and returned on Tuesday).  

Caesar753 Multitudinous

Our new principal doesn't want participation to factor into grades at all, so I'm taking that out of my own grade breakdown. This is close to what I'm thinking about (and still undecided about): 40% Exams, major projects 40% Quizzes, minor projects 20% Daily grades (homework, classwork, etc.) I still haven't decided whether translation assignments should be considered Minor Projects or Daily Grades.  

michelleann27 Cohort

All schools in district have a new policy ours is: Drum roll please lol 40 % daily 45 % tests 15 % nine weeks exams We also went to the 10 point scale: 91-100 = A 81-90 = B 71-80 = C 61-70 = D 60 and below = F  

KatieC Rookie

Aug 19, 2008

My grades are based off points but the breakdown looks like this: 30% Classwork and Homework 30% Projects 30% Tests  

snushed Rookie

10% Quizzes 20% Homework 30% Classwork 40% Tests Last year I just took everything for points... Homework was 5 points, Quizzes were usually 20, tests were usually 50-100 points. We'll see how this weighting stuff goes.  

Mrs. K. Enthusiast

Essays/tests/projects = 60% Homework/class work/quizzes = 40% Simple!  

msmath Rookie

Aug 20, 2008

30%- Tests 25%- Quizzes 25%- Classwork/projects 20%- Homework  

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Calculating Student Grades

Marion county public schools secondary school grading guidelines.

• The purpose of grading is to inform parents and students of the student's performance in relation to the state standards for the course.
• Teachers should provide students and parents with a course syllabus with an explanation of grading procedures. (Generally these are handed out on the first day of class. Many teachers have theirs posted on their teacher Web pages.)
• Teachers in Core Courses must use grading categories in accordance with the parameters below:

Weighted Percentages

Calculation examples, example of how to calculate a student's grade with category weighting:.

Class categories:

• Homework: 10%
• Classwork: 25%
• Quizzes: 25%
• Tests & Projects: 40%

Step 1:  Sort grades by category.

Step 2:  Get the average of the scores in EACH category. (Let's say the category averages are Homework=90%, Classwork=85%, Quizzes=85%, Tests & Projects=80%.)

Step 3:  Convert each category percent to a decimal (such as 10%=.10, 25%=.25, etc.)

Step 4:  Multiply the category averages by the category weight decimal.

• Homework= 90 * .10 = 9
• Classwork = 85 * .25 = 21.25
• Quizzes = 85 * .25 = 21.25
• Tests & Projects = 80 * .40 = 32

Step 5:  Add those values together for the grade in the class.

• 9 + 21.25 + 21.25 + 32 = 83.5
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What’s the Right Amount of Homework?

Decades of research show that homework has some benefits, especially for students in middle and high school—but there are risks to assigning too much.

Many teachers and parents believe that homework helps students build study skills and review concepts learned in class. Others see homework as disruptive and unnecessary, leading to burnout and turning kids off to school. Decades of research show that the issue is more nuanced and complex than most people think: Homework is beneficial, but only to a degree. Students in high school gain the most, while younger kids benefit much less.

The National PTA and the National Education Association support the “ 10-minute homework guideline ”—a nightly 10 minutes of homework per grade level. But many teachers and parents are quick to point out that what matters is the quality of the homework assigned and how well it meets students’ needs, not the amount of time spent on it.

The guideline doesn’t account for students who may need to spend more—or less—time on assignments. In class, teachers can make adjustments to support struggling students, but at home, an assignment that takes one student 30 minutes to complete may take another twice as much time—often for reasons beyond their control. And homework can widen the achievement gap, putting students from low-income households and students with learning disabilities at a disadvantage.

However, the 10-minute guideline is useful in setting a limit: When kids spend too much time on homework, there are real consequences to consider.

Small Benefits for Elementary Students

As young children begin school, the focus should be on cultivating a love of learning, and assigning too much homework can undermine that goal. And young students often don’t have the study skills to benefit fully from homework, so it may be a poor use of time (Cooper, 1989 ; Cooper et al., 2006 ; Marzano & Pickering, 2007 ). A more effective activity may be nightly reading, especially if parents are involved. The benefits of reading are clear: If students aren’t proficient readers by the end of third grade, they’re less likely to succeed academically and graduate from high school (Fiester, 2013 ).

For second-grade teacher Jacqueline Fiorentino, the minor benefits of homework did not outweigh the potential drawback of turning young children against school at an early age, so she experimented with dropping mandatory homework. “Something surprising happened: They started doing more work at home,” Fiorentino writes . “This inspiring group of 8-year-olds used their newfound free time to explore subjects and topics of interest to them.” She encouraged her students to read at home and offered optional homework to extend classroom lessons and help them review material.

Moderate Benefits for Middle School Students

As students mature and develop the study skills necessary to delve deeply into a topic—and to retain what they learn—they also benefit more from homework. Nightly assignments can help prepare them for scholarly work, and research shows that homework can have moderate benefits for middle school students (Cooper et al., 2006 ). Recent research also shows that online math homework, which can be designed to adapt to students’ levels of understanding, can significantly boost test scores (Roschelle et al., 2016 ).

There are risks to assigning too much, however: A 2015 study found that when middle school students were assigned more than 90 to 100 minutes of daily homework, their math and science test scores began to decline (Fernández-Alonso, Suárez-Álvarez, & Muñiz, 2015 ). Crossing that upper limit can drain student motivation and focus. The researchers recommend that “homework should present a certain level of challenge or difficulty, without being so challenging that it discourages effort.” Teachers should avoid low-effort, repetitive assignments, and assign homework “with the aim of instilling work habits and promoting autonomous, self-directed learning.”

In other words, it’s the quality of homework that matters, not the quantity. Brian Sztabnik, a veteran middle and high school English teacher, suggests that teachers take a step back and ask themselves these five questions :

• How long will it take to complete?
• Have all learners been considered?
• Will an assignment encourage future success?
• Will an assignment place material in a context the classroom cannot?
• Does an assignment offer support when a teacher is not there?

More Benefits for High School Students, but Risks as Well

By the time they reach high school, students should be well on their way to becoming independent learners, so homework does provide a boost to learning at this age, as long as it isn’t overwhelming (Cooper et al., 2006 ; Marzano & Pickering, 2007 ). When students spend too much time on homework—more than two hours each night—it takes up valuable time to rest and spend time with family and friends. A 2013 study found that high school students can experience serious mental and physical health problems, from higher stress levels to sleep deprivation, when assigned too much homework (Galloway, Conner, & Pope, 2013 ).

Homework in high school should always relate to the lesson and be doable without any assistance, and feedback should be clear and explicit.

Teachers should also keep in mind that not all students have equal opportunities to finish their homework at home, so incomplete homework may not be a true reflection of their learning—it may be more a result of issues they face outside of school. They may be hindered by issues such as lack of a quiet space at home, resources such as a computer or broadband connectivity, or parental support (OECD, 2014 ). In such cases, giving low homework scores may be unfair.

Since the quantities of time discussed here are totals, teachers in middle and high school should be aware of how much homework other teachers are assigning. It may seem reasonable to assign 30 minutes of daily homework, but across six subjects, that’s three hours—far above a reasonable amount even for a high school senior. Psychologist Maurice Elias sees this as a common mistake: Individual teachers create homework policies that in aggregate can overwhelm students. He suggests that teachers work together to develop a school-wide homework policy and make it a key topic of back-to-school night and the first parent-teacher conferences of the school year.

Parents Play a Key Role

Homework can be a powerful tool to help parents become more involved in their child’s learning (Walker et al., 2004 ). It can provide insights into a child’s strengths and interests, and can also encourage conversations about a child’s life at school. If a parent has positive attitudes toward homework, their children are more likely to share those same values, promoting academic success.

But it’s also possible for parents to be overbearing, putting too much emphasis on test scores or grades, which can be disruptive for children (Madjar, Shklar, & Moshe, 2015 ). Parents should avoid being overly intrusive or controlling—students report feeling less motivated to learn when they don’t have enough space and autonomy to do their homework (Orkin, May, & Wolf, 2017 ; Patall, Cooper, & Robinson, 2008 ; Silinskas & Kikas, 2017 ). So while homework can encourage parents to be more involved with their kids, it’s important to not make it a source of conflict.

• Grade Calculators

Weighted Grade Calculator

Assignments

Assignment 1

Assignment 2

Assignment 3

Assignment 4

Assignment 5

Assignment 6

Assignment 7

Assignment 8

Assignment 9

Assignment 10

Your Grade Average:

To determine what grade you need to get on your remaining assignments (or on your final exam), enter the total weight of all of your class assignments (often the total weight is 100). Then enter the desired grade you would like to get in the class.

Enter Desired Grade

Enter Class Total Weight

Instructions

You can use the calculator above to calculate your weighted grade average. For each assignment, enter the grade you received and the weight of the assignment. If you have more than 10 assignments, use the "Add Row" button to add additional input fields. Once you have entered your data, press the "calculate" button and you will see the calculated average grade in the results area.

If you want to calculate the average grade you need on your remaining assignments (or on your final exam) in order to get a certain grade in the class, enter the desired grade you would like to get in the class. Then enter the total weight of all your class assignments. Often the total weight of all class assignments is equal to 100, but this is not always the case. Press either the “Calculate” button or the “Update” button and you will see your average grade for the class and the results will be displayed in the results area.

Video Instructions

How to calculate weighted grade average?

• First multiple the grade received by the weight of the assignment. Repeat this for each completed assignment.
• Then add each of the calculated values from step 1 together.
• Next add the weight of all the completed assignments together.
• Finally, divide the calculated value from step 2 above by the value calculated from step 3. This gives you the weighted grade average.

Weighted Grade Formula

Weighted Grade = (w 1 x g 1 + w 2 x g 2 + w 3 x g 3 + …) / (w 1 + w 2 + w 3 + …)

Example Calculation

Here is an example. Let's say you received a 90% on your first assignment and it was worth 10% of the class grade. Then let's assume you took a test and received an 80% on it. The test was worth 20% of your grade.

To calculate your average grade, follow these steps:

• Multiple each grade by its weight. In this example, you received a 90% on the first assignment and it was worth 10%. So multiply 90 x 10 = 900. You also received an 80% on the test and it was worth 20% of the class grade. So multiply 80 x 20 = 1600.
• Add the calculated values from step 1 together. We now have 900 + 1600 = 2500.
• Add the weight of all the completed assignments together. To do this, add 10% for the first assignment and 20% for the second assignment. That gives us 10 + 20 = 30.
• Finally, divide the value from step 2 by the value from step 3. That gives us 2500 / 30 = 83.33. Therefore our weighted grade average is 83.33%.

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Carr lane's school-wide grading policy is as follows:, classwork=40%, homework=20%, special projects=10%, midterm=10%, reminder: the absence of one or more grading categories will result in other categories filling a larger percentage of the total grade..

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Homework vs. Classwork — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Homework and Classwork

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View and navigate Classwork (student)

Classwork contains modules and resources that your educator has published for your use in a Class Team. Classwork can contain Files, Assignments, pages from the Class Notebook, web links, and Teams channels. 

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Note:  If your educator hasn't setup Classwork yet, you will see this screen. 

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