pollution in india short essay

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Essay on Air Pollution in India – Check out some examples of Short and Long Essays here!

Essay on Air Pollution in India: An imbalance in the quality of the air that results in negative impacts is referred to as air pollution. “Our massively accelerated exploitation of the atmosphere has become a health danger and a threat to life, harming both plants and animals in areas polluted with deadly gases, dust, and smoke,” claims Maxwell. Many contaminants of all kinds are regularly added to the atmosphere and are cleaned up by nature. Yet, when pollution levels surpass the capacity of the atmosphere to clean itself, contaminants build up and pose major risks to the environment, other living things, and even humans.

Table of Contents

100-Words Essay on Air Pollution in India

Due to the massive degree of industry in the globe today, air pollution is one of the most important issues, particularly in large cities. Smog, particles, solid materials, and other air pollutants are being released in high concentrations, settling over the city and contributing to air pollution and health risks. People produce a lot of unclean garbage every day, especially in large cities, which greatly pollutes the air everywhere.

The discharge of gaseous pollutants from industrial activities, burning of rubbish, burning of motor vehicle fuel, etc. all contribute to air pollution. Pollutants that are found in nature, such as dust, pollen, soil particles, natural gases, etc., can also cause air pollution.

200-Words Essay on Air Pollution in India

One of today’s top environmental concerns is air pollution. There are numerous factors that frequently increase this air pollution. Automobiles, transportation methods, industrialization, expanding cities, etc. are the leading causes of air pollution. The release of various toxic gases or dangerous components from such sources brings on the contamination of the entire atmosphere. Air pollution, which has a negative impact on the environment, also has a significant effect on the ozone layer. The primary contributor to pollution is the ever-increasing demands of the human population. Every day human activities pump harmful chemicals into the atmosphere, making it more polluted than ever and accelerating climate change.

Toxic gases, particulates, paint, and batteries containing lead are released throughout the industrialization process. Cigarettes emit carbon monoxide, while transportation methods release CO2 and other noxious compounds into the atmosphere. The ozone layer is being destroyed and the world is being exposed to dangerous solar rays as a result of all the contaminants in touch with the atmosphere. We need to drastically alter our everyday routines if we want to lower the level of air pollution. To lessen the consequences of air pollution, we should not cut down trees, take the bus or train, refrain from using spray cans, and engage in a variety of other activities.

300-Words Essay on Air Pollution in India

Air pollution occurs when the clean air becomes contaminated by particles, hazardous gases, smoke, motor vehicles, mills, industries, etc. We need to consider what would happen if the entire atmospheric air were contaminated because we all know that clean air is the most essential component of a healthy life. First, the entire human fraternity regrets the issue of air pollution. Poisonous fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides used by unsuspecting farmers to improve crop productivity in the agricultural sector are some of the major causes of air pollution. Air pollution is being brought on by dangerous gases like ammonia that fertilizers release into the atmosphere.

The main contributors to air pollution are the burning of combustibles used in factories, including coal, oil, and other fossil fuels. Air pollution is also caused by a variety of smoke emissions from vehicles, including cars, buses, motorcycles, trucks, jeeps, trains, and airplanes. A growing number of industries are responsible for the environmental emission of hazardous industrial smoke and harmful gases from factories and mills (such as carbon monoxide, organic compounds, hydrocarbons, chemicals, etc.). Certain human indoor activities, such as the unintentional use of cleaning supplies, laundry detergents, paints, etc., release a variety of harmful compounds into the atmosphere.

The negative impacts of air pollution on living things’ health are exacerbated by the pollution’s constant escalation. Because of rising atmospheric temperatures brought on by an increase in greenhouse gas concentrations, air pollution is contributing to the phenomenon of global warming. These greenhouse gases induce the greenhouse effect once more, driving up sea levels, melting glaciers, changing weather patterns, and altering climate, among other things. Many fatal ailments, including cancer, heart attacks, asthma, bronchitis, kidney problems, etc., are being brought on by rising air pollution. Several significant plant and animal species have been wiped off the face of the world. Acid rain and ozone layer thinning are being brought on by the environment’s rising amount of dangerous substances.

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Long Essay on Air Pollution in India

Air pollution is a major environmental problem that affects India’s population and economy. It is estimated that about 1.2 million deaths in India every year are caused by air pollution. India’s air pollution is mainly caused by industrial emissions, traffic congestion, open burning, and poor quality of fuels used in households. In this essay, we will discuss the causes and effects of air pollution in India and the measures that can be taken to control it.

The causes of air pollution in India are many, and they differ depending on the region. In urban areas, air pollution is mainly caused by vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, and construction activities. The use of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas in power plants, industries, and households is another major source of air pollution in India. In rural areas, the open burning of agricultural waste, forests, and grasslands is a significant contributor to air pollution.

Air pollution has many harmful effects on human health, the environment, and the economy. Exposure to high levels of air pollution can cause respiratory problems such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer. It can also cause heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular problems. Children, the elderly, and people with pre-existing medical conditions are particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of air pollution.

Air pollution also has a significant impact on the environment. It can harm plant and animal life and damage ecosystems. Acid rain, which is caused by air pollution, can damage forests, crops, and water bodies. Air pollution also contributes to climate change by increasing the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

In addition to the health and environmental impacts, air pollution also has economic consequences. It can reduce productivity, increase healthcare costs, and damage infrastructure. It can also deter foreign investment and tourism, which can have a negative impact on the economy.

To control air pollution in India, various measures have been taken at the national, state, and local levels. The government has implemented various policies and regulations to reduce emissions from industries, power plants, and vehicles. The introduction of cleaner fuels such as compressed natural gas (CNG) in public transport has helped to reduce vehicular emissions. The government has also launched various initiatives to promote renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels.

At the local level, measures such as the promotion of cycling and walking, the creation of green spaces, and the regulation of construction activities can help to reduce air pollution. The public can also play a role in reducing air pollution by reducing their use of personal vehicles, using public transport, and adopting sustainable practices in their households.

In conclusion, air pollution is a significant environmental problem that affects India’s population and economy. It is caused by a variety of factors, including industrial emissions, traffic congestion, open burning, and poor quality of fuels used in households. Air pollution has many harmful effects on human health, the environment, and the economy. To control air pollution, various measures can be taken at the national, state, and local levels. The public also has a role to play in reducing air pollution by adopting sustainable practices in their households and reducing their use of personal vehicles.

FAQs on Essay on Air Pollution in India

The main causes of air pollution in India are vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, burning of fossil fuels, construction activities, and agricultural practices.

Air pollution can cause a range of health problems in India, including respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and reduced lung function. It can also lead to premature deaths.

The government of India has taken several measures to control air pollution, including the implementation of the National Clean Air Program, the promotion of clean energy, the promotion of public transportation, and the introduction of stricter emission norms for industries and vehicles.

Air pollution can have a significant impact on the environment in India, including damage to crops and forests, acid rain, and the depletion of the ozone layer.

Individuals can take several steps to reduce air pollution in India, including reducing the use of private vehicles, using public transportation, using cleaner fuels, reducing the use of plastic, and planting more trees.

By Gauri Malik

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Essay on Pollution for Students and Children

500+ words essay on pollution.

Pollution is a term which even kids are aware of these days. It has become so common that almost everyone acknowledges the fact that pollution is rising continuously. The term ‘pollution’ means the manifestation of any unsolicited foreign substance in something. When we talk about pollution on earth, we refer to the contamination that is happening of the natural resources by various pollutants . All this is mainly caused by human activities which harm the environment in ways more than one. Therefore, an urgent need has arisen to tackle this issue straightaway. That is to say, pollution is damaging our earth severely and we need to realize its effects and prevent this damage. In this essay on pollution, we will see what are the effects of pollution and how to reduce it.

Effects of Pollution

Pollution affects the quality of life more than one can imagine. It works in mysterious ways, sometimes which cannot be seen by the naked eye. However, it is very much present in the environment. For instance, you might not be able to see the natural gases present in the air, but they are still there. Similarly, the pollutants which are messing up the air and increasing the levels of carbon dioxide is very dangerous for humans. Increased level of carbon dioxide will lead to global warming .

Further, the water is polluted in the name of industrial development, religious practices and more will cause a shortage of drinking water. Without water, human life is not possible. Moreover, the way waste is dumped on the land eventually ends up in the soil and turns toxic. If land pollution keeps on happening at this rate, we won’t have fertile soil to grow our crops on. Therefore, serious measures must be taken to reduce pollution to the core.

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Types of Pollution

Air Pollution
Water Pollution
Soil Pollution

How to Reduce Pollution?

After learning the harmful effects of pollution, one must get on the task of preventing or reducing pollution as soon as possible. To reduce air pollution, people should take public transport or carpool to reduce vehicular smoke. While it may be hard, avoiding firecrackers at festivals and celebrations can also cut down on air and noise pollution. Above all, we must adopt the habit of recycling. All the used plastic ends up in the oceans and land, which pollutes them.

So, remember to not dispose of them off after use, rather reuse them as long as you can. We must also encourage everyone to plant more trees which will absorb the harmful gases and make the air cleaner. When talking on a bigger level, the government must limit the usage of fertilizers to maintain the soil’s fertility. In addition, industries must be banned from dumping their waste into oceans and rivers, causing water pollution.

To sum it up, all types of pollution is hazardous and comes with grave consequences. Everyone must take a step towards change ranging from individuals to the industries. As tackling this problem calls for a joint effort, so we must join hands now. Moreover, the innocent lives of animals are being lost because of such human activities. So, all of us must take a stand and become a voice for the unheard in order to make this earth pollution-free.

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FAQs on Pollution

Q.1 What are the effects of pollution?

A.1 Pollution essentially affects the quality of human life. It degrades almost everything from the water we drink to the air we breathe. It damages the natural resources needed for a healthy life.

Q.2 How can one reduce pollution?

A.2 We must take individual steps to reduce pollution. People should decompose their waster mindfully, they should plant more trees. Further, one must always recycle what they can and make the earth greener.

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Essay on Air Pollution in India

Students are often asked to write an essay on Air Pollution in India in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Air Pollution in India

Introduction.

Air pollution in India is a serious issue. It is caused by various factors like vehicle emissions, industrial waste, and burning of fossil fuels.

Causes of Air Pollution

Major causes include vehicles releasing harmful gases, factories emitting smoke, and the burning of coal and wood. These activities release pollutants into the air.

Effects of Air Pollution

Air pollution harms our health, causing diseases like asthma and lung cancer. It also affects the environment, leading to global warming and harming wildlife.

To reduce air pollution, we must limit harmful activities and promote cleaner alternatives. Let’s work together for a cleaner, healthier India.

250 Words Essay on Air Pollution in India

Air pollution in India is an escalating issue, with deadly implications on both human health and the environment. The rapid industrialization, urbanization, and population growth have exacerbated the situation, making India home to some of the world’s most polluted cities.

The primary contributors to air pollution are vehicular emissions, industrial processes, residential energy usage, and agricultural practices. Vehicular emissions, particularly from diesel engines, release a significant amount of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. The burning of fossil fuels in power plants and industries leads to the emission of harmful gases like sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide. Furthermore, crop burning, a common practice in India’s agricultural sector, releases vast quantities of smoke into the atmosphere.

Air pollution’s impact is far-reaching, affecting not only human health but also the environment. It is linked to a range of health issues, from respiratory problems to cardiovascular diseases, and is a significant cause of premature deaths in India. The environmental effects include acid rain, which damages crops and water bodies, and climate change.

Addressing India’s air pollution crisis requires a multi-pronged approach. This includes stricter enforcement of emission standards, promotion of clean energy, and public awareness campaigns. As India continues to develop, it is crucial that this growth is sustainable and does not come at the expense of the environment and public health. The fight against air pollution is not just a technical challenge, but a socio-economic one that demands comprehensive action.

500 Words Essay on Air Pollution in India

Air pollution in India is a pressing issue with severe implications for the health and well-being of its citizens. As the world’s second-most populous country, India grapples with a unique set of challenges that exacerbate its air pollution problem.

The Prevalence of Air Pollution

India’s air quality is among the world’s worst, with 21 out of the 30 most polluted cities globally located within its borders. The situation is particularly alarming in the Northern Plains, where cities like Delhi, Patna, and Lucknow regularly experience extremely high levels of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10).

Contributing Factors

Several factors contribute to India’s air pollution crisis. Rapid industrialization, fueled by a growing economy, has led to increased emissions from factories and power plants. The burning of fossil fuels, primarily coal, is a significant contributor to air pollution.

Transportation is another major source, with millions of vehicles, many of which are outdated and inefficient, crowding the roads. Additionally, agricultural practices such as stubble burning contribute significantly to air pollution, particularly in the northern regions.

Urbanization and deforestation have also played a role in exacerbating the problem. The loss of green cover reduces the capacity to absorb CO2 and other pollutants, while the construction activities associated with urbanization release large amounts of dust and other pollutants into the air.

Health Implications

The health implications of air pollution in India are grave. Prolonged exposure to polluted air can lead to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and even lung cancer. According to the Lancet Commission, air pollution contributes to over a million premature deaths in India annually.

Policy Response and Solutions

In response to the crisis, the Indian government launched the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) in 2019, aiming to reduce PM2.5 and PM10 concentration by 20-30% by 2024. The program includes city-specific action plans, increasing the number of monitoring stations, and enhancing public awareness.

However, addressing air pollution requires a multi-faceted approach. Transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving vehicle emission standards, and promoting public transportation can significantly reduce pollution from power plants and vehicles.

Agricultural reforms are also needed to provide farmers with alternatives to stubble burning. Urban planning should focus on creating green spaces and implementing construction practices that minimize dust pollution.

Air pollution in India is a complex issue that requires concerted efforts from government, industry, and citizens. While the challenge is immense, the collective will to combat this crisis can lead to a cleaner, healthier future for India. Through policy initiatives, technological innovation, and public participation, India can turn the tide against air pollution.

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Environmental Pollution and Degradation

Last updated on February 3, 2024 by ClearIAS Team

What is the Environment?

The environment is the physical surroundings of a person, a part of which they are, and on which they depend for activities including physiologic function, production, and consumption. The natural resources in his physical environment include air, water, and land as well as plants, animals, and ecosystems.

Table of Contents

Pollution and Pollutants

Pollution is any unfavorable alteration in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of our environment, including the air, water, and soil, that may or will hurt people or other species as well as the life support systems of our biosphere. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash, and can also be created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by factories.

Categorization of Pollutant

According to the origin, pollutants are categorized as:

Natural: A natural pollutant is a pollutant created by substances of natural origin such as volcanic dust.
Anthropogenic: Anthropogenic pollutants are created by human activities.

According to their nature of disposal, pollutants are grouped into:

Biodegradable pollutants: Biodegradable materials such as human and animal wastes, agro-based residues, and fertilizers can also pose a threat if their quantities or inputs exceed the “assimilative capacity of the environment.
Non-biodegradable pollutants: The non-biodegradable pollutants such as heavy metals, and pesticides, move through the food chain and may get magnified to dangerous levels in higher trophic level organisms. Some of these combine with other compounds and produce toxic substances.

As per their existence in nature, pollutants are categorized as:

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Quantitative Pollutants: These occur in nature and become pollutants when their concentration reaches beyond a threshold level. E.g. carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxide.
Qualitative Pollutants: These do not occur in nature and are man-made. E.g. fungicides, herbicides, DDT etc.

According to the form in which they persist after release into the environment, pollutants are categorized as:

Primary Pollutants: Pollutants released into the environment as a result of some natural and/or human activity, e.g., carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, suspended particulate matter, and hydrocarbons.
Secondary Pollutants: formed by the chemical interaction of primary pollutants with atmospheric gases and moisture, often catalyzed by sunlight are known as secondary pollutants e.g. ozone (O.), peroxy acyl nitrates (PAN), aldehyde, sulphuric acid, and nitric acid.

Causes of Environmental Degradation

Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment caused by the deterioration of resources including soil, water, and air; the loss of ecosystems; and the extinction of wildlife.

The main contributors to environmental degradation include modern urbanization, industrialization, population expansion, deforestation, etc. Unplanned urbanization and industrialization have contaminated the water, air, and sound systems. The air is additionally polluted by the smoke produced by automobiles and industries, which includes nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, and chlorofluorocarbon.

Climate Change

The release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere causes climate change . It mostly results from the burning of fossil fuels, agricultural emissions, and changes in land use brought on by the eradication, clearing, and burning of forests.

The biological and socioeconomic repercussions of climate change are already evident, and its anticipated effects have the potential to significantly alter the global mean surface temperature, sea level, ocean circulation, precipitation patterns, climatic zones, species distributions, and ecosystem function.

The rapid population growth and economic development in the country are degrading the environment through the uncontrolled growth of urbanization and industrialization, expansion and intensification of agriculture, and the destruction of natural habitats.

On just 2.4% of the world’s land, India is home to 17% of the world’s population. Population pressure on the environment is linked to environmental pressures like biodiversity loss, air and water pollution, and increased demand for arable land. Population affects the environment primarily through the use of natural resources and the generation of waste.

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Because of the pollution caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the atmosphere, stratospheric ozone is being depleted. It is a serious issue because the absence of protective ozone at high altitudes causes an increase in the amount of harmful solar ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation that penetrates the surface of the earth, leading to a variety of health problems and ecological effects.

Poverty is said to be both cause and effect of environmental degradation. The fast increment of human numbers joined with urgent poverty and rising levels of utilization are draining natural resources on which the vocation of present and future ages depends.

Degraded Air Quality

Worldwide, Approximately a billion people live in areas that mostly comprise industrial cities, and they are said to be the ones who are most affected by air pollution. The deterioration of air quality is caused by several air pollutants, but some major ones are particulate matter, such as oxides of nitrogen, oxides of sulfur, lead, and other aromatic compounds (such as benzene).

Degraded Water Quality

Impurities brought on by contaminants can also seriously affect water quality, having a variety of negative repercussions on both the environment and human health.

Numerous other human activities, such as mining and industrial processes that may release harmful effluents, contribute to water contamination. Other significant factors contributing to the marine environment’s substantial degradation are oil spills, plastic waste buildup, and biological accumulation of persistent organic pollutants.

Read: Water Pollution Prevention

Deforestation

It has been estimated that around half of the world’s mature forests have been cleared by humans. Deforestation occurs for a variety of reasons, but the majority of deforestation now occurs when tropical forests are cleared for agriculture and pastoralism; destruction of trees for charcoal production, and the selective logging of forests for timber.

Effect of Environmental Pollution and Degradation

Environmental pollution and degradation have an impact on several aspects of life:

Public Health

Public health is threatened by pollution, a lack of fresh water, and population growth. According to the WHO, unhealthful settings are directly responsible for about one out of every four deaths each year.

Water-Related Challenges

According to a UNICEF report, 2.1 billion people do not have access to securely managed drinking water services, and 4.5 billion do not have access to safely managed sanitation facilities.

Additionally, diarrheal infections claim the lives of 340,000 children under five years of age every year. Water scarcity already affects four out of every 10 people and according to UNISDR, 90% of natural disasters are water-related.

Natural resources are strained by rapid population growth, which causes environmental degradation. Simply said, a growing population increases the need for food, clothing, and housing.

Ecosystems & Endangered Species

Both ecosystems and species are impacted by the long list of environmental problems that exist on this planet. In fact, by 2050, one in ten plant and animal species is predicted to become extinct.

Way Forward

Social Awareness: The need to raise public awareness of the consequences of pollution is urgent.
Population Control: If the environment is to be protected it is essential to check population growth.
Environment Conservation Acts Implementation: The Environment (Protection) Act was passed in 1986 in India to check the deterioration in the quality of the environment. Such government measures should be strictly enforced.
Control over Industrial and Agricultural Pollution: Controlling the air and water pollution brought on by industrial development is essential for environmental conservation. The use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers should be avoided to prevent agricultural pollution.
Afforestation: An extensive afforestation campaign should be launched in the interest of environmental protection.
Water Management: Provisions should be made to provide rural people with clean drinking water and river water should be made clean.
Management of Solid Waste: Planned management of solid waste is very essential.

Read: Environmental Regulatory Bodies

Environmental pollution and degradation can have a disastrous effect on a country or region’s social, economic, and environmental systems as well as the entire planet’s ecosystem. Environmental catastrophes pose a threat to the legacy of a healthy and supportive environment left for future generations. To reduce the dangers associated with environmental degradation and its contributing elements, (such as climate change) governments, international organizations, and communities must collaborate at all levels.

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Article Written By: Priti Raj

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Pollution Essay in English for Students | Short Essay on Pollution

December 10, 2020 by Sandeep

Essay on Pollution 500 Words in English

Below we have provided an Essay on Pollution in English, written in easy and simple words for class 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 school students. This essay is helpful for the aspirants preparing for the competitive exam too!

Pollution Essay: Pollution is one of the most commonly discussed topics in recent times. It is not only a threat to nature but also to all its creations. Pollution refers to the introduction of hazardous substances to our life-sustaining environment. It has adverse effects on the natural resources of our planet. These foreign particles which contaminate our environment are called pollutants. Pollution drastically affects our ecosystem. The balance in our ecological cycle gets disrupted. Moreover, flora and fauna suffer its consequences.

Animals lose their habitats and humans are prone to life-threatening illnesses. Today we have natural calamities like tsunamis, hurricanes, and floods. The air quality is critical, and on top, we are dealing with global warming. Humans play an active role in this event. Man made activities are major contributors to the ongoing pollution. Thus we need to tackle this problem without any further delay. To do so, we must have in-depth knowledge of this area. Let us get to know what the different types of pollution are and how they are caused.

Types of Pollution

There are four basic kinds of pollution. Let us go through them one by one.

Air Pollution

This is the type of pollution where the air gets contaminated by air pollutants. These toxic substances mainly include vehicular exhausts, smoke, industrial gases, chlorofluorocarbons, plastics, radioactive elements, etc. Volcanic eruptions also add to air pollution—gases like carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, ammonia decrease the oxygen content in the earth’s atmosphere. We need oxygen to breathe, and lack of it can have dangerous effects. Air pollution leads to various respiratory diseases and other severe ailments. Burning of fossil fuels and wildfires in the forests also contribute to air pollution. Numerous wildlife species suffer in this process. They lose their home, and some of them lead towards extinction.

Water Pollution

The addition of toxic products to water degrades its quality and makes it unfit for consumption. This is known as water pollution. Water is one of the most valuable resources of our planet. Our survival depends on it. However, chemical discharges from industries, sewage waste, domestic waste, and oil spills deteriorate the water quality and make it toxic. This hugely affects the biotic and non-biotic ecosystems. Consumption of this polluted water causes cholera, dysentery, typhoid, and many other diseases. Marine animals also become endangered due to its effect.

Soil Pollution

Contamination of soil is referred to as land pollution. Agricultural practices use pesticides, fungicides, and fertilizers which contaminates the land. Moreover, the dumping of industrial waste and e-waste also makes it hazardous. Biomedical waste and the handling of radioactive elements are also potential threats. Deforestation, construction and mining activities also harm the soil. When the agricultural lands get contaminated, harvested crops absorb the toxins which are then consumed by humans. This can cause a lot of health hazards.

Noise Pollution

Loud noises above a certain decibel are harmful to our environment and cause noise pollution. Honking of vehicles, loudspeakers, bursting of crackers, household chores, poor urban planning, and construction machines all are considered bad for our health. They cause stress and anxiety not only in people but also in animals. It can cause communication troubles, sleep disorders like insomnia, hearing loss, etc.

Effects of Pollution

Pollution can affect your entire life in a way you can never imagine. They thrive in our atmosphere, but we cannot see them. Air pollution has been responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer. Another disastrous effect of it is global warming . It causes ailments like heart and lung diseases apart from asthma, allergies, and respiratory problems, etc. Water pollution is more hazardous. Humans are prone to diseases like jaundice, diarrhoea, and giardia. Various aquatic species lose their habitats in oil spills and cease to exist. Soil Pollution is capable of turning a piece of land completely unsuitable for farming.

It also leads to the reduction of the underground water table. Last but not least; noise pollution affects the health of an individual on a psychological level. Excessive sound can turn you deaf and can also make you suffer from chronic heart diseases. Apart from that, it always irritates and can also result in fluctuating blood pressure. These risks can be minimized if proper planning is done, and actions are taken. Therefore, we should take measures to reduce all kinds of pollution.

Measures to curb Pollution

Though it is beneficial to learn what causes pollution and what its effects are, we must take steps to prevent it. Authorities have started implementing steps to curb this problem. Heavy penalties are being imposed on industries that violate the statutory limit of effluent discharge. The government has been encouraging people to switch to alternative forms of energy. We can start using solar panels, hydro-power turbines, wind energy, etc. Rainwater harvesting is also a renewable source for storing rainwater. It is our responsibility to help each other in this implementation process to minimize the consequences.

Air pollution can be significantly reduced by reducing the number of automobiles. We can utilize public transportation mediums for commuting. Also, biofuels like CNG help a lot in curbing emissions. The use of crackers during festivals must be cut down. We should adopt healthy habits like recycling of inorganic materials and compost of plant-based products. Planting more and more trees will ensure we have enough oxygen in our environment. Instead of pesticides, natural manures can be used for the same purpose. Water pollution can be prevented if we increase awareness amongst the masses. Campaigns can be organized for these purposes.

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Essay on Pollution

An essay on pollution is an essential concept for students as it reveals the consequences of human activities on the environment. Read on to explore how to write an intriguing and engaging essay on pollution.

Essay on Pollution – Important Guidelines

Please consider adopting the following suggestions when writing an essay on pollution. Moreover, these suggestions will be helpful for most other essays as well.

Begin with an introductory paragraph, preferably highlighting the history or insight of the topic.
Try to avoid jargon unless the topic demands so.
Use bulleted points to present content wherever possible
Incorporate factual data, such as dates, names and places wherever possible.
Avoid writing a large monotonous block of text. Always break up the content into easily digestible chunks
Try to conclude the essay with a closing paragraph.

Essay on Pollution – Sample 1

Pollution had existed long before humans evolved. For instance, volcanic eruptions commonly pumped massive amounts of sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere, causing acid rain. The greenhouse gas, ozone, forms from natural, photochemical reactions in the atmosphere.

However, significant levels of pollution occurred only after the Industrial Revolution, when untreated exhausts and toxic waste products were released into the environment. Air pollution was rampant, with thick, toxic smog covering most towns and cities. Water pollution affected many water bodies. Toxic substances leached into the soil, hampering the soil quality.

Today, there have been many measures to curb the effects of pollution, but its repercussions can still be observed. For instance, the land and sea ice near the poles have been decreasing at an alarming rate. This has led to the debate regarding climatic factors and their impact on our environment. There was a time when lead used to be added to motor fuel. This substance, combined with the world’s increasing demand for motor vehicles, caused a spike in air pollution. What made this air pollution more dangerous is the fact that the air had high levels of lead.

Lead is toxic and can cause a vast array of health problems. The most common illnesses are neurological in nature. Lead can also travel through the placenta, between a mother and her unborn child. Moreover, young children and infants are even more sensitive to lead. They can develop learning deficits, behavioural problems and also a low IQ.

Furthermore, some studies have arrived at a “lead-crime postulate”, where children who were exposed to high levels of lead were more likely to indulge in criminal activities. This correlation was made as to the crime rates during the 1980s, and early 1990s were rather high. Lead can also cause neurological effects on vertebrates and impair the reproductive capabilities of plants. More ominously, lead can be absorbed into the tissues of such organisms, and they can pass it on to us when we consume them.

Technological progress also brings newer forms of pollution. Radioactive pollution is one of the rarer types of pollution. This type of pollution occurs naturally as well – elements such as uranium and thorium are present in rocks and soil. Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon naturally present in all living organisms. It is created by cosmic rays. However, these natural sources of radiation are of little concern. Only anthropogenic sources of radioactivity are considered lethal sources of pollution. For instance, the Chernobyl nuclear disaster is the most publicised nuclear disaster ever to occur. The total death count was documented to be at 16,000. However, unofficial reports indicated that the death toll was much higher. Most deaths occurred due to acute radiation poisoning and many other deaths were caused due to radioactivity-induced cancer. Though it has been more than a few decades, radioactivity still persists around the site of the nuclear reactor. Efforts to contain the radioactivity included building the Shelter Structure, more popularly known as the “sarcophagus”. It was built in December 1986 and enclosed the reactor, preventing radiation from leaking through the building.

Though the levels of pollution have dropped down since the industrial revolution, we still see many repercussions to this day. Following are some extreme cases of pollution caused by anthropological activities.

The Great Smog of London was a severe case of air pollution that occurred in 1952. The event caused massive disruption by severely affecting visibility. It also caused a variety of respiratory illnesses in 1,00,000 individuals and the death of over 4,000 as a direct result of the smog.

In India, pollution is even more rampant. Delhi has recorded one of the worst cases of air pollution, with the air rated as “hazardous” in November 2017.

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Essay on Air Pollution in India – Check Out Short and Long Essay Here!

Essay on Air Pollution in India: Air pollution is a growing concern in India, as it poses a serious threat to human health and the environment. With rapid industrialization, urbanization, and increasing population, the air quality in India has deteriorated significantly over the years. The increasing level of pollutants in the air has resulted in respiratory diseases, heart ailments, and other health problems for people living in the country. In this essay, we will explore the causes and effects of air pollution in India and the steps that can be taken to control it.

Table of Contents

Essay on Air Pollution in India: Short Essay 300-350 words

Essay on air pollution in india: long essay 400-500 words, faqs related to essay on air pollution in india.

Air pollution is a major problem in India, with the country ranked among the most polluted in the world. The main sources of air pollution in India include industrial emissions, vehicular traffic, construction activities, and agricultural burning. The increasing level of air pollution has led to a rise in respiratory diseases, heart ailments, and other health problems among people, particularly those living in cities. The impact of air pollution is also felt on the environment, with a negative impact on plants, animals, and ecosystems. It is essential that we take urgent steps to reduce air pollution in India, to safeguard public health and the environment.

One of the primary causes of air pollution in India is industrial emissions. India is a rapidly industrializing country, with industries such as power plants, cement factories, and chemical plants contributing significantly to air pollution. These industries release harmful chemicals and pollutants into the air, which can have serious health consequences for people living in the vicinity. Additionally, the increase in vehicular traffic in cities has also contributed to air pollution, with exhaust fumes from vehicles being a major source of pollutants in the air.

The impact of air pollution on public health in India is significant, with respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer on the rise. Studies have shown that air pollution is responsible for over a million premature deaths in the country each year, making it a major public health concern. The impact of air pollution is particularly severe on vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing health conditions.

To address the issue of air pollution in India, the government has taken several steps in recent years. These include initiatives such as the implementation of the National Clean Air Programme, which aims to reduce particulate matter pollution by 20-30% by 2024. Additionally, the government has introduced measures such as the implementation of Bharat Stage VI emission standards for vehicles, the promotion of electric vehicles, and the expansion of public transport systems in cities.

In conclusion, air pollution is a major problem in India, with serious consequences for public health and the environment. It is essential that we take urgent steps to reduce air pollution, through measures such as reducing industrial emissions, promoting sustainable transportation, and encouraging the use of clean energy sources. By taking these steps, we can create a healthier and more sustainable future for all.

Also, Read essay on discipline in students lif e here!

Air pollution is a major environmental problem in India, with the country ranked among the most polluted in the world. The main sources of air pollution in India include industrial emissions, vehicular traffic, construction activities, and agricultural burning. The increasing level of air pollution has led to a rise in respiratory diseases, heart ailments, and other health problems among people, particularly those living in cities. The impact of air pollution is also felt on the environment, with a negative impact on plants, animals, and ecosystems. It is essential that we take urgent steps to reduce air pollution in India, to safeguard public health and the environment.

Another major source of air pollution in India is agricultural burning. Farmers in India typically burn crop residue after harvesting, which releases significant amounts of pollutants into the air. The government has launched initiatives such as the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana, which aims to promote the use of alternative methods for crop residue management, such as composting and mulching. However, the implementation of such initiatives has been slow, and more needs to be done to reduce agricultural burning in India.

The impact of air pollution is also felt on the environment, with a negative impact on plants, animals, and ecosystems. Air pollution can lead to acid rain, which damages crops and forests, and can also result in the loss of biodiversity. Additionally, air pollution contributes to climate change, with the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

In conclusion, air pollution is a major problem in India, with serious consequences for public health and the environment. It is essential that we take urgent steps to reduce air pollution, through measures such as reducing industrial emissions, promoting sustainable transportation, and encouraging the use of clean energy sources. Additionally, more needs to be done to reduce agricultural burning and to mitigate the impact of air pollution on the environment. By taking these steps, we can create a healthier and more sustainable future for all.

Essay on Pollution In English For Students

Essay on Pollution for Students: Explore Essay on pollution in varying lengths, including 100, 150, 200, 600, and 800 words.

November 19, 2023

Table of Contents

Essay on Pollution: Pollution is a big problem that happens when harmful things get into the air, water, and land around us. It can be from factories, cars, or even how we throw away our trash. Pollution is not good because it can make people and animals sick and can even change the weather. It’s not just a problem in one place – it’s everywhere, and it affects the whole world. In this essay, we’re going to talk about the different kinds of pollution, where it comes from, and why we all need to work together to make things better for our planet.

Short Essay on Pollution

Below, we present concise and comprehensive essays on pollution in English to enhance your understanding. Upon reviewing these essays, you will gain insights into the definition of pollution, its primary causes, methods for prevention, and more. These resources can prove valuable for your academic assignments, such as essay writing, speech delivery, or paragraph composition in school or college.

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Essay on Pollution in 100 Words

Pollution happens when harmful stuff gets into nature and makes things bad. There are different kinds of pollution like dirty air, dirty water, dirty soil, too much noise, and too much light. The sources of pollution are diverse, ranging from industrial activities to household waste. Pollution has severe consequences on ecosystems, human health, and the overall well-being of our planet. Addressing pollution is a collective responsibility that requires global awareness and sustainable practices. Governments play a crucial role in enforcing regulations, promoting renewable energy sources, and raising awareness about the importance of environmental conservation.

Essay on Pollution in 150 Words

Pollution is a pressing environmental issue affecting our planet. It occurs when harmful substances contaminate the air, water, or soil. The primary sources of pollution include industrial activities, vehicle emissions, improper waste disposal, and deforestation. Air pollution, caused by the release of pollutants into the atmosphere, leads to respiratory problems and climate change. Water pollution, resulting from the discharge of chemicals and waste into water bodies, poses a threat to aquatic life and human health.

Soil pollution occurs when pollutants, such as pesticides and industrial waste, degrade the quality of soil, impacting plant growth and food safety. Noise pollution, caused by excessive noise from various sources, can lead to stress and hearing loss. Light pollution disrupts natural ecosystems and affects wildlife behavior. To address pollution, individuals must adopt sustainable practices, industries must implement cleaner technologies, and governments must enforce stringent environmental regulations.

Essay on Pollution in 200 Words

Pollution is a global challenge that poses a threat to the health of our planet and its inhabitants. It manifests in various forms, including air, water, soil, noise, and light pollution. The consequences of pollution are far-reaching, affecting ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being. Industrial activities, urbanization, and improper waste management contribute significantly to pollution.

Air pollution, caused by the release of pollutants into the atmosphere, leads to respiratory diseases, climate change, and environmental degradation. Water pollution results from the discharge of chemicals, sewage, and industrial waste into rivers, lakes, and oceans, harming aquatic life and contaminating drinking water sources. Soil pollution occurs when pollutants like pesticides and heavy metals degrade the quality of soil, affecting plant growth and food safety.

Noise pollution, generated by traffic, industrial machinery, and other human activities, can have adverse effects on human health, causing stress, sleep disturbances, and hearing loss. Light pollution, caused by excessive artificial light in urban areas, disrupts natural ecosystems and interferes with the behavior of nocturnal animals.

Addressing pollution requires collective efforts at individual, community, and governmental levels. Individuals can contribute by adopting eco-friendly practices, reducing waste, and using sustainable modes of transportation. Industries must invest in cleaner technologies and adhere to strict environmental standards.

Long Essay on Pollution

Pollution is a complex and multifaceted environmental issue that poses a significant threat to the sustainability of our planet. It is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment, resulting in adverse changes that affect ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. Pollution can take various forms, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution, and light pollution, each with its unique set of challenges and consequences.

Sources of Pollution

The sources of pollution are diverse and often interconnected. Industrial activities, urbanization, transportation, agriculture, and improper waste management contribute significantly to the release of pollutants into the environment. Industrial processes emit a variety of pollutants, including greenhouse gases, particulate matter, and toxic chemicals, which can have detrimental effects on air quality and contribute to climate change.

Vehicle emissions, stemming from the burning of fossil fuels, release pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter into the atmosphere, contributing to air pollution and respiratory diseases. Improper disposal of waste, both solid and liquid, contaminates water bodies and soil, posing threats to aquatic life, plant health, and food safety.

Agricultural practices, including the use of pesticides and fertilizers, contribute to soil and water pollution, affecting both the environment and human health. Deforestation and urbanization disrupt natural ecosystems, leading to habitat loss and the displacement of wildlife. Noise pollution, resulting from human activities such as traffic, construction, and industrial processes, can have adverse effects on human health, causing stress, sleep disturbances, and hearing loss.

Consequences of Pollution

The consequences of pollution are severe and far-reaching. Air pollution is a major contributor to respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Long-term exposure to air pollutants such as particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide has been linked to cardiovascular diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Water pollution poses threats to aquatic life and human health. Contaminated water sources can lead to the spread of waterborne diseases, affecting millions of people globally. Soil pollution affects plant growth and food safety, as pollutants like pesticides and heavy metals accumulate in the soil and enter the food chain.

Noise pollution can have physiological and psychological effects, causing stress, sleep disturbances, and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Light pollution disrupts natural ecosystems and interferes with the behavior of nocturnal animals, affecting their reproductive patterns and migration.

Global Impact

Pollution is not confined to local or regional boundaries; it has a global impact. Greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels, contribute to global warming and climate change. The rise in global temperatures leads to melting ice caps, rising sea levels, and extreme weather events, posing threats to unsafe ecosystems and communities.

The pollution of oceans with plastic waste has become a global crisis, with millions of tons of plastic entering the oceans annually. This not only harms marine life but also affects human health, as microplastics enter the food chain through seafood consumption.

Loss of biodiversity is another consequence of pollution, as ecosystems are disrupted and species face habitat destruction and pollution-induced stress. The decline of pollinators, such as bees, due to exposure to pesticides, has implications for agriculture and food security.

Addressing Pollution

Addressing pollution requires a comprehensive and collaborative approach at individual, community, and governmental levels. Individuals can contribute by adopting sustainable practices in their daily lives, such as reducing energy consumption, using eco-friendly products, and practicing responsible waste disposal.

Communities can organize clean-up initiatives, promote recycling programs, and raise awareness about the importance of environmental conservation. Educational institutions play a crucial role in fostering environmental awareness and sustainability practices among students.

Governments must enact and enforce stringent environmental regulations to curb pollution. Incentives for industries to adopt cleaner technologies, invest in renewable energy sources, and implement sustainable waste management practices are essential. International cooperation is crucial to address global environmental challenges, with countries working together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, combat plastic pollution, and protect biodiversity.

Essay on Pollution in 800 Words

Pollution, the presence of unwanted substances known as pollutants in the environment, poses an immediate and severe threat to the delicate balance of our ecosystems. The recognition of the urgent need to address pollution is essential if we are to preserve the Earth and its biodiversity. This essay explores the various facets of pollution, its types, and the impact it has on major Indian cities such as Delhi, Noida, Ghaziabad, Lucknow, and Varanasi.

What is Pollution?

Pollution occurs when external compounds, primarily generated by human activities, enter the environment as unwanted entities known as pollutants. These pollutants cause significant harm to the environment, affecting water bodies, air, flora, and fauna. The consequences of pollution extend globally, contributing to phenomena like the greenhouse gas effect, global warming, and acid rain.

Effects of Pollution on Major Indian Cities

Imagine bustling cities in India, like Delhi or Varanasi, filled with life and energy. However, there’s a problem casting a shadow over this vibrancy – pollution. In this exploration, we’re going to look at how pollution affects the air, water, and soil in cities such as Delhi, Noida, Ghaziabad, Lucknow, and Varanasi. The goal is to understand the challenges these cities face and why it’s so important for everyone to work together to tackle pollution and ensure a healthier future.

Pollution Level in Delhi

Delhi, the National Capital Territory, faces a dire situation in terms of air quality index (AQI). According to the World Health Organization, Delhi ranks lowest among 1650 major cities worldwide. The air quality, especially during the winter months from October to December, rapidly deteriorates, reaching hazardous levels.

The AQI for Delhi remains moderate (101-200) from January to September but spikes during winter, often surpassing 500. Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10) levels soar well beyond safe limits, primarily due to factors such as vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and the traditional practice of burning paddy crop roots in neighboring states.

Pollution Level in Noida

Noida, bordering Delhi in western Uttar Pradesh, faces similar challenges with poor air quality. Intensive construction activities, heavy vehicular pollution, and cold winter air contribute to the formation of a thick smog, impacting the Air Quality Index. The PM levels in Noida compete with Delhi, often reaching hazardous levels during the winter months.

Pollution Level in Ghaziabad

Ghaziabad frequently tops the list of North Indian cities with the worst AQI and pollution levels. Industrial pollution and waste burning are major contributors to Ghaziabad’s poor air quality. Located on the outskirts of the city, industries emit dense smoke, exacerbating pollution. The PM10 levels in Ghaziabad often surpass permissible limits, reaching alarming levels, especially during festivals like Diwali.

Pollution Level in Lucknow

Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh, experiences fluctuating AQI levels, ranging from moderate to poor. While not as severe as Delhi NCR, the air quality in Lucknow is still alarming, demanding concrete action. The quantity of suspended Particulate Matter has increased significantly in residential areas, posing health risks. The city’s air contains fine PM2.5 particles, reaching hazardous concentrations.

Pollution Level in Varanasi

Varanasi, the ancient pilgrimage city and the parliamentary constituency of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, faces environmental challenges due to ongoing construction activities. Varanasi’s AQI is ranked third on the World Health Organization’s list of the fifteen most polluted cities globally. The ongoing construction work contributes to a decline in air quality, with AQI reaching up to 300, falling in the “Poor” category. Particulate Matter, especially PM2.5, poses health risks to the city’s residents.

The impacts of pollution are profound, impacting ecosystems, biodiversity, and the well-being of humans. Prolonged exposure to air pollutants is associated with cardiovascular diseases, while contaminated water sources contribute to the spread of waterborne diseases. Soil pollution poses risks to food safety, and noise pollution leads to stress and hearing loss. Additionally, light pollution disrupts wildlife behavior.

Importantly, pollution transcends local boundaries; its consequences are felt globally. Greenhouse gas emissions contribute significantly to global warming, causing adverse effects on climate patterns. The accumulation of plastic waste in oceans not only harms marine life but also infiltrates the food chain, posing threats to human health. Furthermore, pollution-induced stress and habitat destruction contribute to the loss of biodiversity, impacting ecosystems on a global scale.

Stringent environmental regulations need to be implemented and enforced by governments to combat pollution effectively. Offering incentives to industries for adopting cleaner technologies, investing in renewable energy sources, and practicing sustainable waste management is vital. International cooperation is essential to tackle global environmental challenges, with countries collaborating to decrease greenhouse gas emissions, combat plastic pollution, and safeguard biodiversity.

Pollution remains a pressing issue affecting major Indian cities, with severe implications for the environment and public health. The need for immediate and concerted efforts to address pollution is evident, as evidenced by the deteriorating air quality in cities like Delhi, Noida, Ghaziabad, Lucknow, and Varanasi. It is imperative that governments, industries, and individuals collaborate to adopt sustainable practices, enforce regulations, and invest in technologies that mitigate the environmental impact. Only through collective action can we hope to mitigate the menace of pollution and ensure a healthier and sustainable future for our planet.

Pollution is a critical environmental issue that demands urgent attention and concerted efforts at local, national, and global levels. The consequences of pollution are profound, affecting ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. It is imperative that individuals, communities, industries, and governments work together to adopt sustainable practices, enforce regulations, and invest in technologies that minimize the environmental impact.

The battle against pollution requires a shift in mindset, where environmental sustainability becomes a priority in decision-making processes. By addressing pollution, we not only protect the health of our planet but also ensure a better quality of life for current and future generations. It is a collective responsibility to preserve the beauty and diversity of our natural environment and create a sustainable and harmonious coexistence between human activities and the ecosystems that support life on Earth.

Essay on Pollution FAQs

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment, leading to adverse changes. It can take various forms, including air, water, soil, noise, and light pollution.

Primary sources of pollution include industrial activities, vehicle emissions, improper waste disposal, deforestation, and agricultural practices that involve the use of pesticides and fertilizers.

Pollution has severe consequences on ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. It can lead to respiratory diseases, waterborne illnesses, soil degradation, habitat loss, and disruptions in wildlife behavior.

Air pollution can cause respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Long-term exposure to air pollutants is linked to cardiovascular diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Water pollution occurs when chemicals and waste are discharged into water bodies. It poses a threat to aquatic life by contaminating their habitats and disrupting ecosystems. It can also affect human health through the consumption of contaminated water.

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India’s Silicon Valley Faces a Water Crisis That Software Cannot Solve

Bengaluru gets plenty of rain. But the city did not properly adapt as its soaring population strained traditional water sources.

Filling up with subsidized water at a government distribution center in the Indian city of Bengaluru, also known as Bangalore. Credit...

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By Damien Cave

Photographs by Atul Loke

Reporting from Bengaluru, India

Published March 31, 2024 Updated April 2, 2024

The water tankers seeking to fill their bellies bounced past the dry lakes of India’s booming technology capital. Their bleary-eyed drivers waited in line to suck what they could from wells dug a mile deep into dusty lots between app offices and apartment towers named for bougainvillea — all built before sewage and water lines could reach them.

At one well, where neighbors lamented the loss of a mango grove, a handwritten logbook listed the water runs of a crisis: 3:15 and 4:10 one morning; 12:58, 2:27 and 3:29 the next.

“I get 50 calls a day,” said Prakash Chudegowda, a tanker driver in south Bengaluru, also known as Bangalore, as he connected a hose to the well. “I can only get to 15.”

People fill weathered plastic buckets with water that is coming out of a series of taps, lined up in a row.

The Silicon Valley of South Asia has a nature issue — a pain point that software cannot solve. In the sprawl beyond Bengaluru’s core, where dreams of tech riches usually grow, schools lack water to flush toilets. Washing machines have gone quiet. Showers are being postponed, and children with only dirty water to drink are being hospitalized with typhoid fever.

The big problem afflicting Bengaluru is not a lack of rain (it gets plenty, about as much as Seattle), but rather what often holds this giant, energetic nation back: arthritic governance. As the city rushed toward the digital future, tripling its population to 15 million since the 1990s and building a lively tech ecosystem, water management fell behind and never caught up as otherwise healthy aquifers were drawn dry by the unchecked spread of urban bore wells.

Failures of environmental stewardship are common across a country with severe pollution and an acute need for economic growth to provide for 1.4 billion people, spanning political parties and India’s north-south divide . But Bengaluru’s water struggle is especially withering for many — and motivating for some who have water sales or reform in mind — because the city sees itself as an innovator. And in this case, the causes and solutions are well known.

“There is no crisis of water availability,” said Vishwanath Srikantaiah, a water researcher and urban planner in Bengaluru. “It’s a clear-cut crisis of state failure.”

Viewed another way, he added in an interview at his home, where books about water and rivers were stacked nearly to the ceiling, it is a crisis caused by a lack of imagination.

As public policy experts tell it, Bengaluru and the broader state of Karnataka have been too slow to plan for growth, too divided across agencies and too rigid in their reliance on pumping water uphill from reservoirs along the Kaveri River more than 50 miles away.

Despite a long history of local hydrology — Nadaprabhu Kempegowda, the 16th-century founder of Bengaluru, built hundreds of cascading lakes for irrigation — officials have mostly stuck with the traditional engineering option that their predecessors turned to in the 1950s and ’60s.

That is the case despite its challenges and expense. The energy cost alone for pumping eats up 75 percent of the Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board’s revenue, while supplying only around half of what the city needs.

The rest, for decades, has come from bore wells — holes about six inches wide that act like straws for water from aquifers below. An authority separate from the water board has punched 14,000 of them into the ground, half of which are now dry, according to officials. Experts estimate that residents have drilled an additional 450,000 to 500,000 into the cityscape, without the government’s knowing where or having a clear sense of their impact.

In much of the city, the wells are like doorbells, plentiful but seemingly invisible until someone points them out. Drilling failures appear as cutout circles on quieter streets; successes are often covered in flowers, with a black hose snaking into a home down the street.

Spending a day in the cab of Mr. Chudegowda’s tanker truck offered a glimpse of how the ad hoc system works. At one stop, drivers wrote their times in a logbook while cameras watched how much they took. At another the supply was slow and organized: A half-dozen drivers took 20-minute turns for fill-ups of around 6,000 liters, or about 1,600 gallons, just a few steps from a lake depleted to a puddle. At a third, a building owner sold a load to Mr. Chudegowda without the wait.

“Every minute counts,” he said as he climbed out of the truck.

His customers ranged from a bra factory with 100 workers to a small apartment building, all within a few miles to maximize profit. He charged each up to 1,500 rupees ($18) for each tanker load, more than double the going rate from a few months ago, which he considered justified because costs had gone up.

Drills — easily hired from companies with storefronts across the city — often fail to find water or have to go deeper now, which means more electricity and gas for the pumps pulling precious liquid from the earth.

The effects, while not at “Dune”-like levels, have become more visible in recent weeks, especially in the tech corridors, with their blur of luxury apartments, slums, mobile phone stores, malls, in vitro fertilization clinics and shimmering offices.

In Whitefield, a busy software hub, Sumedha Rao, a teacher at a new public school, offered to ask her class of 12-year-olds about their experiences with water scarcity. The hallways were painted in bright colors with words of encouragement — resilience, citizenship, collaboration. In class, they were asked how often they have water at home.

“One day a week, ma’am,” said a girl with pigtails.

“We just have a bucket,” said a boy near the back.

“There’s no water in the bore wells,” shouted another.

Many take small amounts of drinking water from school taps for their families — only one water bottle per child, because it is all the school can spare. Behind a play area the color and consistency of ground ginger sat a hulking pile of metal: a broken bore well.

“The motor stopped working,” said Shekar Venkataswamy, a physical education teacher with a brigand’s mustache.

Walking toward his home behind the school, he pointed to a dry hole where drilling failed, and one where it worked. A few thousand families take turns using the water for an hour each, with an elaborate schedule that is tightly managed.

Community leaders expressed pride in how they were handling the crisis, softening the blows of sacrifice. Many others have been inspired to broader action.

One morning, four tech workers who had become water activists showed up in a northern corner of the city where Mr. Srikantaiah, the water researcher, had worked with the local community to rejuvenate a once trash-strewn lake. A small network of gurgling filters and pipes sends out 200,000 liters of potable water per day.

“It will soon be 600,000,” Mr. Srikantaiah said. And the price per customer: nearly a third of what tanker drivers are charging.

The tech workers said they planned to share the details with neighbors and officials, to spread the word that a lake, using rainwater and lightly treated sewage, could be turned into a safe, affordable, reliable water source.

In an interview at his office, the chairman of the water board, Ram Prasath Manohar, 43, a seasoned government administrator installed three months ago, embraced the idea.

Acknowledging that some past officials had thought narrowly about water management, he said he hoped to attract public and private money for a more innovative approach, mixing data-driven methods that would revive lakes to let aquifers recharge and would expand rainwater harvesting and conservation.

“We’re going for a greener solution,” he said. “A more effective solution.”

So far, though, progress has been slow. He has not been able to hire any additional staff, he said, and he is working from 6 a.m. to 2 a.m. every day.

Short-term relief, he prays, will come in the next few weeks, with reservoir water extended to more parts of the city and the expected spring rains. Most of all, like many others in India’s Silicon Valley, he hopes all the public attention to water scarcity will add momentum for long-term change.

In one corner of his offices, a quote from Benjamin Franklin had been printed on a piece of paper and pasted to a window: “When the well is dry, we know the worth of water.”

“This crisis,” he said, rubbing his tired eyes, “it gives us an opportunity.”

Imran Khan Pathan contributed reporting.

Damien Cave is an international correspondent for The Times, covering the Indo-Pacific region. He is based in Sydney, Australia. More about Damien Cave

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Essay on Environmental Pollution: 100 Words, 200 Words

Updated on
Aug 31, 2023

One of the biggest risks to life as we know it is environmental degradation. The water we drink, the air we breathe, and the ecosystems on which we depend are all impacted by pollution. People, animals, and plants will decline if pollution levels continue to rise since they won’t be able to adapt to a significantly altered environment. Are you struggling to write an essay on environmental pollution? If the answer is yes, then this blog will help you get some ideas to write an effective essay. Keep reading further to know more!

This Blog Includes:

Essay on environmental pollution – 100 words , essay on environmental pollution – 250 words , essay on environmental pollution – 500 words .

The presence of contaminants in the environment is referred to as pollution. Gases like Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO), among others; solid pollutants like plastic, sewage, etc.; and chemicals like fertilisers, as well as those produced as byproducts in manufacturing, transportation, etc., are a few examples of polluting substances.

The immediate result of pollution is that it makes the world’s natural resources useless or toxic to use, as well as leads to the extinction of species and ecological imbalance. To stop more harm from occurring to the earth and its inhabitants due to environmental pollution, it is imperative to take proactive precautions.

Prachi Gupta

Prachi has 1.5 yrs of experience in Content & Copywriting. Her skills entail SEO, researching, brainstorming marketing campaigns, suggesting content ideas, graphic designing, Keyword research, understanding user intent etc. She thrives on a work culture that helps her unlearn redundant ways of thinking. Besides this, she always has her binoculars on looking for good books and music recommendations, cocktails and world history.

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Environmental Pollution: Short Essay on Environmental Pollution for Students – 2 Essays

Category: Essays and Paragraphs On March 17, 2019 By Various Contributors

Environmental Pollution – Short Essay 1.

Introduction

Environmental pollution refers to the negative things that are done to the environment. Environmental pollution arises due to various practices particularly in the industrial sector that leave the environment difficult and uncomfortable to inhabit.

Industrial gas emissions from industries are the main cause of pollution. The gases are released in a form that is harmful to environment such as sulphur which forms acid rain and corrodes the roofs of houses made of aluminum.

When the waste products of industries are not disposed off in the right way, they lead to the pollution of the environment.

Water is also another susceptible area of pollution in India as it is subjected to industrial effluents . Consequences of accidents in the sea such as oil spillage are also another cause.

The use of non-biodegradable products is another cause which leaves the environment polluted in such a way that is not pleasing top the eye.

The environment also gets polluted by the absence of proper waste disposal systems which lead to each and every form of wastes not properly disposed. The result is that wastes are left on land.

Noise due to industries and motor vehicles are also another key pollution in India that has increasingly gone up due to advancements in different sectors such as technology.

Environmental pollution – Short Essay 2

Environmental pollution is a condition when pollutants contaminate the environment, i.e., our surrounding and lead to changes which adversely affect our normal life. Pollutants are elements that cause pollution and are waste materials present in different forms. Pollution causes a disturbance in our ecosystem and environmental balance. This is caused by modernization and the development of cities and has led to global warming, new illnesses, etc.

Types of environmental pollution

Air pollution: It is caused by particulate matters and carbon which is emitted in the air by factories, vehicles, and domestic activities. These pollutants deplete the ozone layer of our environment which filters out the harmful UV rays of the sun. This poses risks of numerous hazardous diseases.

Water pollution: This is caused by the disposal of factory wastes, sewage water, and fertilizers into the water. It creates the death of marine life and causes an imbalance in the marine ecosystem.

Land or soil pollution: Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides as well as excessive deforestation leads to soil pollution. Fertile soil gets washed away with rain or is converted to infertile soil.

Radioactive pollution: This is the release of dangerous radioactive wastes in the air or water. It can lead to genetic mutations and is harmful to humans.

Noise pollution: This pollution is caused by honking, loudspeakers, and noise which are caused by vehicles. It can lead to issues such as increased blood pressure, headache, stress, anxiety, etc.

We must try to avoid pollution to ensure that we maintain the ecological balance and preserve our mother earth.

Preventing Pollution

Air pollution can be prevented by reducing the presence of pollutants like dust, smoke and high density of gases like carbon dioxide, which are harmful for inhalation.
No fires in the open , better quality fuel, low emissions, public transport, etc. are the ways to deal with air pollution.
Water pollution can be avoided if people are not allowed to bath near the water source , factories stop pouring out their wastes and harmful chemicals in sources of drinking water, etc.
Water pollution can be stopped if these factories are controlled by law into taking responsibility and people restricted from dirtying the water.
Land pollution can be controlled by stopping the seepage of chemicals and waste from the factories and by forbidding people littering the place with non-degradable waste .
These steps involve planting more trees , protesting against pollution and cutting down carbon emissions from vehicles, disposing trash in the proper place and cutting down the use of plastic.
Encouraging the use of public transport and making laws against loud sounds or setting a limit to it are ways of improving the quality of the environment.
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Pollution and Its Effects Essay

Essay on Pollution and Its Effects

The term pollution is ubiquitous these days, even among children. The fact that pollution is rising continuously has become so prevalent that almost everyone acknowledges it. In pollution, we mean a substance that has been introduced uninvited into something. Various pollutants are contaminating the earth's natural resources when we talk about pollution. These effects are mainly caused by human activities that harm the environment in a number of ways. As a result, it is vital that this problem is addressed immediately. We need to recognize the effects of pollution and prevent its harm to our earth, which means we need to prevent these devastating effects. Here, we will look at what pollution is, how it occurs, and what we can do about it.

The Effects of Pollution

It is impossible to imagine how much pollution affects one's quality of life. The process occurs in mysterious ways, sometimes unobservable to the naked eye. Despite its enigmatic nature, it is profoundly present in the surrounding environment. Natural gases are present in the air even though you may not see them. Similar to the pollutants that are polluting the air and increasing carbon dioxide levels, pollutants pose a great threat to humans. Global warming is a consequence of increasing levels of carbon dioxide.

Additionally, the water will be polluted due to industrial development, religious practices and other practices leading to a shortage of drinking water. The need for water is essential to our existence. A waste dump that ends up in the soil eventually becomes toxic because of the way it is disposed of. In the future, we will no longer have fertile soil to grow crops on if the rate of land pollution continues. We must take immediate steps to reduce the level of land pollution.

What are the Best Ways to Reduce Pollution?

It is important to take action as soon as possible to prevent or reduce pollution after learning of the harmful effects of pollution. Taking public transportation or carpooling reduces vehicle emissions, hence reducing air pollution. Aside from reducing air and noise pollution, avoiding firecrackers at festivals and celebrations may also reduce air pollution. Recycling is essential to reducing air pollution in general. It pollutes the oceans and land when used plastic ends up in them.

After using these utensils, be sure to reuse them as long as you can, rather than throw them away after using them. As well as encouraging everyone to plant more trees, which absorb harmful gases and clean the air, we need to encourage everyone to plant more trees. At a national level, the government should limit fertilizer use to ensure the nutrient content of the soil. Further, pollution of oceans and rivers must be dealt with by preventing industries from dumping their waste into them.

The bottom line is that all pollutant types are hazardous and have serious consequences. Whether it is a personal initiative or an industry-wide initiative, everyone must take steps to change. It is necessary to join forces now since solving this problem will require a collective effort. Additionally, such human actions are causing the deaths of innocent animals. We must all take a stand and speak out for those who cannot speak for themselves in order to protect this planet from pollution.

Short Essay

The pollution problem in the world today is one of the most disturbing. We will talk about the extent of these effects and their harmful effects in this short paper on pollution and its effects in English. In this essay on pollution and its effects, the author aims to eradicate pollution from the earth. In this essay on pollution and its causes, we will discuss our responsibilities as citizens. The next generation has to learn how to fight pollution with proper equipment while reducing waste.

Planting trees and taking care of our environment will help us prevent pollution levels from rising. The oil spills in the sea can be checked, and industrial wastes dumping into the water can be stopped to prevent pollution of the marine environment. To combat pollution and how serious its effects can be, we should not only take steps but also teach our children to do the same.

Types of Pollution

Air Pollution

Water Pollution

Soil Pollution

The following paragraph provides some information about the effects of pollution on the environment which can help us to take measures against it to protect life on earth for future generations. In order to eradicate pollution and make the world a greener place, we must all take these steps.

FAQs on Pollution and Its Effects Essay

1. What are the impacts of Air Pollution?

Elevated levels of air contamination can cause an expanded danger of coronary failure, wheezing, hacking, and breathing issues, and bothering of the eyes, nose, and throat. Air contamination can likewise cause declining in existing heart issues, asthma, and other lung confusions. Like people, creatures can experience the ill effects of various medical conditions because of air contamination, including birth abandons, regenerative disappointment, and illnesses. Corrosive downpour contains significant levels of nitric and sulfuric acids that are made by oxides and sulfur oxides delivered into the air by the consumption of non-renewable energy sources.

2. What are the effects of Water Pollution?

The impacts of water contamination rely upon which synthetics are being unloaded where. Waterways that are close to urbanized zones will, in general, be vigorously dirtied by dumbing of trash and synthetic compounds, both lawfully and illicitly, by modern plants, wellbeing focuses, and people. By a long shot, the greatest outcome of water contamination is the demise of amphibian animals, which can upset the whole natural way of life. Poisons, for example, cadmium, mercury, and lead are eaten by little oceanic life forms that are then eaten by fish and shellfish, getting more thought with each progression up the natural pecking order and causing major issues in people and untamed life.

3. What are the effects of pollution?

Humans are affected by pollution on a daily basis. The air we breathe and almost every form of water we drink is degraded by it. Environmental degradation contributes to illness.

4. What can be done to reduce pollution?

To reduce pollution, each of us must take action. They should plant more trees, and they should decompose their waste more mindfully. Furthermore, it is a good idea to recycle where possible and make the environment cleaner.

5. How does water pollution affect us?

Depending on the type of synthetics being dumped where water contamination impacts are different. Those waterways near urbanized zones will, in general, be heavily polluted by humans, modern plants, and wellbeing centers, as well as by trash dumps and synthetic compounds lawfully and illegally. Water contamination is one of the major causes of amphibian demise, which affects natural ecosystems in a profound way. As the natural pecking order advances, poisons like mercury, cadmium, and lead get more and more concentrated as they are eaten by marine life, causing major health problems for people and the environment.

6. What is the importance of pollution prevention?

In addition to protecting the environment by conserving and protecting natural resources, pollution prevention improves economic growth by spreading more efficient production among industries and by reducing waste management requirements for households, businesses, and communities.

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