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Ideal Society IELTS Essay: Sample Opinions & Solutions for Practice

Updated On December 14, 2023
Published In IELTS Preparation 💻

International English Language Testing System is a widely accepted English proficiency test taken by students intending to pursue foreign education or employment abroad. The test assesses the candidate’s ability to communicate in English and is based on four parameters: reading, writing, speaking and listening.

Table of Contents

The Writing Task consists of two tasks- 1 and 2. In Task 2, candidates should respond to a given statement and justify their opinion with examples. One of the most common topics is the ideal society IELTS essay. Here we have compiled a detailed guide on the vocabulary to be used, sample questions and answers that can be followed, and the kind of approach for Writing Task 2. Candidates must utilise this for their preparation.

Vocabulary for Writing Task 2

Linking words is an essential grammatical tool that helps construct a sentence and connects part of a text. Moreover, linkers can also help candidates put forth their opinion. In addition, they are beneficial for other reasons. They are underlined below for easier understanding:

The paragraph has a smooth transition
Ideas are flowing in a logical manner
Help in expressing opinion or purpose
They help in constructing a suitable conclusion
Linkers help explain a point in-depth. Furthermore, they can be used to describe examples.

However, candidates must know that linking words cannot be used everywhere. They must come naturally in a sentence, or the composition of the sentence might sound awkward. Moreover, examiners evaluate the ideal society IELTS essay of students by assessing the accuracy, range, and usage of linkers. However, linkers belong to different categories, and it is vital to understand when and where they can be used. This can help score well in the Writing Task 2:

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Ideal Society IELTS Essay: Sample Opinions & Solutions for Practice

To add information
To provide examples
Highlighting key points
Consequences and results
Reasons and causes
Contrasts

To add information Candidates must support their main points in the essay. While writing an ideal society IELTS essay, it is essential to let the examiner know that additional information is coming up. They can do so with the help of linkers such as:

Furthermore
Additionally
In addition
Not only…but also

Listing Lists are often used to present pointers in a paragraph sequentially. They can help the essay look more appealing. Here are a few connectors that one can use to list their paragraph:

Finally, lastly, or last but not the least

To provide examples Examples are often used to substantiate ideas. Candidates must make sure to use a range of linking words to support their examples:

For instance
For example
To cite an example
To illustrate
In other words

Highlighting key points Candidates must stress their main pointers in an ideal society IELTS essay. They can do so with the help of these connectors:

Specifically
In particular
Particularly

Consequences and results When one needs to explain the consequence of something, one can use these connectors:

As a result
Consequently
For this reason

Causes and reasons It is essential always to provide reasons for a statement that is put forward. One can do so with these linking words:

Contrasts Often in Writing Task 2, one may need to provide opposing ideas. However, it is most pertinent in the discussion essays, where one needs to provide in-depth details. The below-mentioned linking words will help candidates show the examiner when they are going to introduce an opposing pointer:

Nevertheless
On the other hand
Even though

Conclusion An ideal society IELTS essay must have a concluding sentence. These connectors can be the most useful then:

To conclude
In conclusion

Providing opinion Candidates must put forward their opinion comprehensively. Using the following linkers can help one address their opinion in a better way:

In my opinion
I agree/concur

How to Approach Writing Task 2?

Candidates can score well in Writing Task 2 if they plan out their essay and structure it. However, this requires practice. Furthermore, they should follow the below-mentioned pointers while approaching

Writing Task 2: Understand the question First and foremost, it is crucial to understand what type of question it is and what it is asking. Moreover, candidates must distinguish whether the essay is an opinion, discussion, double questions or advantages and disadvantages.

Structure the essay One must structure the essay by dividing it into the introduction, main body paragraphs 1 and 2, and conclusion.

Introduction
Main body paragraph 1

In the opening paragraph, candidates should just paraphrase the question in order to start interacting with it. Candidates must begin with a topic sentence and then elaborate on it. However, one must substantiate it with examples. This should have the main idea discussed in the introduction.

Main body paragraph 2

In this paragraph, candidates must substantiate the points raised in the previous paragraph. They can also use this section to give examples or add new points that will strengthen their core argument.

Conclusion

In conclusion, they must summarise their main points and finish their essay on a clear, concise note.

Write in your own words It is one of the essential skills that candidates must hone as it is applicable for reading and writing. This will help boost one’s band score. In addition, they must use various synonyms while paraphrasing. Besides, candidates must also paraphrase the question in the introduction and write the ideal society IELTS essay in their own words. They are advised to not resort to writing memorised essays.

Begin with an opening statement Candidates must begin their essay with an opening statement that describes what they might talk about in a few words. Of course, it needs to be specific.

State your opinion One must clearly state their opinion while answering different parts of the task. However, one must highlight their position in their introduction.

Sample Question with Answers for Ideal Society Topic

Candidates must practise sample questions and answers for ideal society IELTS essay as this will give them a stronghold over the writing and vocabulary. Moreover, this will help them attempt the essay with ease and improve their overall band score. They are underlined below for easier understanding:

T hroughout history, people have dreamt of living in a perfect society. However, there is still no agreement about what a perfect society would be like. Why do people want to build a perfect society in the modern world? What can people do to help create an ideal society? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.

In the contemporary era, everyone wants to live a comfortable and holistically fulfilling life. People have wanted to create a fairer, egalitarian society from time immemorial. There is, however, no unanimity on what an ideal society might look like. The major reasons behind this yearning for a utopia are improved standards of living and socioeconomic equality. In an ideal civilization where the inhabitants help each other, accept and respect different values and cultures, prosperity follows, thus, automatically leading to a better quality of life. For instance, most developed countries like Europe and USA have laws that guarantee and safeguard the safety and equality of all their citizens regardless of colour, caste or gender. Additionally, in such a community where everyone is allowed to work and contribute, followed by an equal distribution of wealth, the class difference is eliminated leading to an improvement in everyone’s standard of living. Democracy, education and nonviolence are fundamental tenets of a perfect society and people can play a crucial role in shaping up such a society by teaching the value of these to the youth. Since today’s children are tomorrow’s future, they must learn to accept that different people can follow a different religion or culture and respect that. It is not possible to change each individual that exists; however, parents can play their part in providing exemplary education by inculcating the values of acceptance and respect. Moreover, people must uphold and support the principles of democracy. The elected government must ensure that everyone has fundamental human rights and the citizens in return must respect their duties such as paying taxes. While most people do this, numerous locals practice tax evasion which can hinder the possibility of having a better place to live by having free education, health care services, etc. In conclusion, people have always longed to reside in a reliable society that provides safety and treats each person equally. The government and people must work together by implementing and following rules and regulations to attain the same.

Points to Remember:

While writing an ideal society IELTS essay, candidates must ask themselves questions such as:

What was the society like in the past?
What developments have taken place?
What is a community?
Can society be improved?

For instance, the question may ask, “People often think of establishing an ideal society, but most of the time, this does not happen. What is your opinion of an ideal society, and how can it be created?”. Here, candidates must put forth their opinion of:

What an ideal society is and reiterated in the introduction
Candidates’ opinion of a perfect society and what it is like
What makes an ideal society?
Ways to create it
In conclusion, stating if this can be achieved in reality

Tips to Score Well in Writing Task 2

To ace in Writing Task 2, we have underlined a list of tips that candidates can implement to attain a good score. Nevertheless, the vocabulary usage mentioned above is essential, but that is not all. They must follow these tips ardently:

Proper time management
Be conversant with the marking criterion.
Remember to paraphrase the questions.
Plan out the essay
Explain the points in-depth
Read, listen and converse in English
Learn new words
Revise and check for spelling errors or grammatical mistakes

To crack IELTS, candidates must follow a systematic approach towards Writing Task 2. They must be conversant in vocabulary as well. Moreover, as writing is one of the most challenging sections in IELTS, candidates require regular and rigorous practice to achieve a firm grip over it. Apart from that, following the tips mentioned ardently will help tackle this section. Furthermore, aspiring students planning their study abroad program may require additional funding, as immigration to a foreign country is often costly. To fund your studies in a hassle-free way, you can approach Leap Scholars. Our financial products are crafted for ambitious students who chase the best international education.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. how can i improve my score in writing task 2 .

Ans: Students who aspire to achieve a higher band score in ideal society IELTS essay must use a wide range of vocabulary for the topic, have proper time management as well as should be aware of the language and tonality of their essays

2. What are the common topics in IELTS Writing Task 2?

Ans: Some of the most common topics in IELTS writing task 2 are: Technology, food, family, economics, crime & punishment and business & money.

3. How can I prepare well for Writing Task 2?

Ans: The most common problem candidates face while attempting the writing task 2 is a lack of clear strategy. To avoid that, they should practise sample and previous year questions to boost their confidence. They can also use other resources available both online and offline to ensure they get their desired band score.

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Collected Philosophy

Brian Kogelmann

October 25th, 2017, thinking small about the ideal society.

0 comments | 72 shares

Estimated reading time: 10 minutes

Brian Kogelmann on living better by living more apart

Political philosophers are in the business of thinking about what the ideal society looks like. Perhaps the most famous articulation of such an ideal can be found in John Rawls ’s A Theory of Justice . Here, Rawls introduces the notion of a society being well ordered . A well-ordered society is a society in which we all accept the same principles of justice and, moreover, our society’s basic institutions are regulated by these principles. To be an ideal society, Rawls argues, is also to be a well-ordered society.

There are good reasons for thinking that an ideal society is also a well-ordered society. Indeed, the reason Rawls introduces the notion of a well-ordered society in the first place is because he thinks such societies possess certain features that make for an attractive ideal. What are these features? For one, there is social unity : in such a society we all work together to bring about what justice requires. Here, politics looks more like a shared enterprise rather than a competition. As another feature, it is likely that the coercive institutions constituting such a society live up to public scrutiny when we ask why they require of us what they do: we all collectively know that our basic institutions were implemented to fulfil the demands of justice. And finally, Rawls argues that when we comply with the demands of justice in a well-ordered society, we realize our autonomy : we act in accordance with rules and institutions that we would self-legislate or give ourselves.

Though attractive as part of an ideal, the requirements of well-orderedness are quite demanding. Not only are they demanding, but they are utopian in a pejorative sense. Recall that part of the definition of well-orderedness is that we all agree on what justice requires. Rawls would later realize that this is not possible in a liberal society—and, importantly, the ideal society is a liberal society according to Rawls. The very institutions that compose a liberal society—allowing for freedom of thought, speech, and conscience—would lead us to endorse different and conflicting accounts of what justice demands. But when we disagree about what justice requires, those attractive features that come along with society being well ordered—social unity, public scrutiny, and autonomy—may be lost, for disagreements about justice are incompatible with the basic definition of well-orderedness. The ideal society does not look so ideal after all. What is the Rawlsian to do in response?

Perhaps they could offer the following revision: even though we do not all accept the same principles of justice, the ideal society is still organized around one conception of justice nonetheless. Here we retain a core feature of well-orderedness, insofar as society is regulated around one conception of justice; but we drop the other, namely, that we all agree with this conception. Now if the Rawlsian did this, then they still retain some attractive features that come along with the original definition of well-orderedness. Laws are still likely to live up to public scrutiny because we know why they were implemented: to carry out the demands of a conception of justice—though now, according to some, not the correct conception of justice. Social unity will be realized in a sense: though we do not all think the goal we pursue (implementing the governing conception of justice) is best (for we disagree about the conception of justice we try to implement), we still collectively pursue this goal nonetheless. But we will likely not realize our autonomy in such a society: many of us would not self-legislate the conception of justice we comply with. And, moreover, there seems something manifestly unfair about such a social order. Those whose most preferred conception of justice is the governing conception perpetually win out in the political process. Everyone else is a perpetual loser.

In response to these worries, maybe the Rawlsian gives up on the idea of justice all together. Why think the ideal society should be organized around one and only one conception of justice in the first place? Why not let politics be governed by the interests of the citizenry rather than abstract principles? Arguably, though, this path forward has greater costs than the one just examined. For there could be no public scrutiny in such a society, in that it would be difficult to know why our policies end up looking the way they do. Instead of policies reflecting the demands of a conception of justice they were implemented to serve, they will be the complex result of a log-rolling and bargaining process whose inner workings may be utterly mysterious to us. Moreover, social unity is also lost: if we do not all work to implement a conception of justice, then politics looks more like a competition than a shared enterprise. And finally, it is also hard to see how we could realize our autonomy in such a society: why think a politics that looks like this would result in rules that we would self-legislate?

What, then, is the Rawlsian to do? Abandon the project of articulating an ideal society? Or perhaps just temper expectations about what a realistically utopian ideal might actually look like? I do not think the Rawlsian need do either. Instead, they need to re-imagine what the ideal society looks like by rethinking some of the basic assumptions they make in their theorizing. One such assumption Rawlsians—and, indeed, almost all political philosophers—make is that the ideal society is a single political unit to be regulated by a single centralized government. According to the original definition of well-orderedness, it is everyone in society as a whole that endorses a single conception of justice. And it is the institutions constituting society as a whole that are regulated by a single conception of justice.

Many real world social and political orders, however, do not treat society as a single political unit to be regulated by a single centralized government. Think here of federalist structures like that of the United States of America. Though, arguably, the federalist structure has decayed over time and has been subject to more and more centralization, the de jure layout of the United States’ federalist structure separates society into several distinct governance units, who may then issue their own and oftentimes radically different policies that only those in their jurisdictions must follow. Different states can decide their own welfare policies, criminal laws and procedures, which public goods are to be provided, and so on.

Though unfamiliar to many political philosophers, the idea of decentralized governance structures is more familiar to economists and political scientists. In what is now a quite famous essay , authors Vincent Ostrom, Charles M. Tiebout, and Robert Warren examine the idea of polycentricity by taking a close look at governance structures in metropolitan areas. The authors begin by noting that metropolitan governance usually consists of overlapping jurisdictions of authority, duplication of functions concerning the provision of public goods and services, and many centres of decision-making that exist independent of one another. This is opposed to monocentric approaches to governance, where authority, decision-making, and the provision of public goods and services are limited to a single, centralized governance unit. Though many at the time argued that polycentric governance structures were wasteful because they often duplicated functions, the authors argued that there may be some non-obvious benefits to polycentricity. For instance, the decentralized nature of a polycentric regime may give rise to market-like competition among different political units, which can result in more efficient provision of public goods.

There are other benefits to polycentric governance structures, however, besides their ability to induce quasi-market competition. Namely, polycentricity allows for diverse preferences to be satisfied. Disagreement over how our schools should be run, whether we ought to be able to own guns, or whether we ought to be able to smoke marijuana need not result in winners and losers in the political process. In a polycentric governance structure, different political units can cater to diverse individual preferences. Instead of living in constant strife with one another, polycentricity allows us to live better together by, essentially, allowing us to live more apart.

This is a key lesson the Rawlsian can pick up on. For recall their main problem: there are attractive features that come along with a society being well ordered, but a society cannot be well ordered so long as we disagree about justice. But though society as a whole cannot realistically be well ordered, it is more likely that individual political units within an overarching polycentric governance structure can better approach well-orderedness when compared to centralized governments. Instead of living in a society where persons constantly fight over egalitarian versus libertarian schemes of redistribution, a polycentric governance structure allows both camps to have their day.

Now of course it is also utopian in a pejorative sense to think that individual governance units within a polycentric order will be well ordered: this would implausibly require that we perfectly sort ourselves into governance units according to the conceptions of justice we think are best. This is not the claim. Rather, the claim is that decentralized governance units better approach being well ordered when compared to single centralized governance units, in that a comparatively higher proportion of us residing in decentralized governance units agree that the demands of justice are being carried out when compared to the number of us residing in a single centralized governance unit who think this. This does not guarantee that those attractive features Rawls thought accompanied well-ordered societies will be met. But, plausibly, they will be met to a greater degree when compared to centralized political orders. Public scrutiny will be realized to a greater degree in that there will likely be greater coherence between the policies governing us and what we think justice requires. Our sense of social unity will be greater within our decentralized political units for there is greater agreement. And more of us will realize our autonomy, in that a greater number of us will live under laws that we would self-legislate, for a greater number of us think that we live in a society where the demands of justice are carried out.

Above I said that political philosophers often do not think in terms of polycentric governance systems. Instead, they usually think in terms of centralized governments regulating single political units. But there are some exceptions to this. In his famous (or perhaps infamous) Anarchy, State, and Utopia , Robert Nozick sketches his vision of the ideal society. And in many ways, it looks quite similar to what we just discussed: Nozick argues that utopia will consist of multiple utopias, where we can pursue our own conceptions of the good uninterrupted by others pursing their own accounts of the good. Famously, Rawls and Nozick were intellectual rivals. But as this essay shows, this may not be so. Once we recognize the fact that we disagree sharply with one another and that such disagreements are not going away anytime soon, then perhaps the Rawslian ideal society and the Nozickian ideal society don’t look so different after all.

This essay is based on the article ‘ Justice, Diversity, and the Well-Ordered Society ’ by Brian Kogelmann, published in The Philosophical Quarterly.

About the author

Brian Kogelmann is Assistant Professor at the University of Maryland. His research interests combine philosophy, politics, and economics.

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Home / Shifting views of an ideal society in the U.S.

Climate Note · Nov 11, 2020

Shifting views of an ideal society in the u.s., by jennifer carman , seth rosenthal , edward maibach , john kotcher , xinran wang , jennifer marlon and anthony leiserowitz, filed under: beliefs & attitudes and policy & politics.

Individuals’ attitudes toward climate change risks and solutions are shaped by personal and social factors other than knowledge of climate change alone (van der Linden, 2015) . One such factor is differing cultural worldviews, or values regarding how society should be structured and the role of government in addressing problems (e.g., Douglas, 1966; Leiserowitz, A., 2006; van der Linden, 2015).

Two important types of cultural worldviews are egalitarianism and individualism . People with a more egalitarian worldview tend to believe that society should promote equality, social justice, participatory democracy, and diversity, and are generally more concerned about environmental hazards including climate change (Leiserowitz, 2006). They also tend to favor government actions to solve societal problems, including increased environmental regulations. In contrast, people with a more individualistic worldview are more likely to believe that society should promote individual liberty, autonomy, and opportunity (Leiserowitz, 2006). They tend to be less concerned about environmental hazards and favor greater freedom for industry. As a result, they generally oppose government intervention and environmental regulations.

Our Climate Change in the American Mind surveys have repeatedly included questions over the past 12 years that measure these worldviews among the American public. Here we report on how several key measures of these worldviews have changed among registered voters over time.

Democrats and Republicans tend to have very different cultural worldviews: Democrats tend to be more egalitarian, while Republicans tend to be more individualistic. Our data suggests that Democrats — particularly liberal Democrats — have become more egalitarian and less individualistic since 2008, whereas Republicans have remained highly individualistic.

Liberal Democrats increasingly say all basic needs (food, housing, health care, education) should ideally be guaranteed by the government for everyone. In 2020, about half of registered voters (47%) say that in an ideal society, the government would guarantee all basic human needs (including food, housing, health care, and education) for everyone. Strikingly, about eight in 10 liberal Democrats (83%) and about six in 10 moderate/conservative Democrats (59%) agreed with this statement in 2020. By contrast, only about three in 10 liberal/moderate Republicans (32%) and one in 10 conservative Republicans (11%) agree with this vision of an ideal society. From 2008 to 2020, liberal Democrats’ support for this statement increased by 21 percentage points, while moderate/conservative Democrats’ support remained essentially unchanged (+1 percentage point). Conversely, support for this statement decreased by 6 points among liberal/moderate Republicans and by 5 points among conservative Republicans.

Democrats increasingly say the world would be more peaceful if wealth were divided more equally among nations. In 2020, nearly half of registered voters (46%) say the world would be a more peaceful place if its wealth were divided more equally among nations. Majorities of liberal Democrats (72%) and moderate/conservative Democrats (66%) held this view, but only about three in ten liberal/moderate Republicans (31%) and fewer than two in 10 conservative Republicans (16%) held this view. From 2008 to 2020, support for this statement increased by 12 points among liberal Democrats and by 18 points among moderate/conservative Democrats. In contrast, support among liberal/moderate Republicans decreased by 12 points from 2008 to 2020, and among conservative Republicans it remained relatively low and steady throughout.

Democrats increasingly disagree that the government should spend less time trying to fix people’s problems. In 2020, half of registered voters (50%) say that if the government spent less time trying to fix everyone’s problems, we’d all be a lot better off. Republicans were particularly likely to support this statement, including eight in 10 conservative Republicans (80%) and about two in three liberal/moderate Republicans (65%). Support was much lower among Democrats, including 37% of moderate/conservative Democrats and about one in five liberal Democrats (22%). Moreover, support for this statement among registered voters overall has decreased significantly since 2008. However, this change has largely been driven by Democrats, who have become much less likely to support this statement, with agreement falling by 21 points among both liberal Democrats and moderate/conservative Democrats. Support among Republicans, however, did not change much over the 12-year period (liberal/moderate Republicans -4 percentage points, conservative Republicans -2 percentage points).

Democrats increasingly disagree that the government tries to do too many things for too many people, and we should just let people take care of themselves. Eight in 10 conservative Republicans (81%), and about six in ten liberal/moderate Republicans (59%), say our government tries to do too many things for too many people, and we should just let people take care of themselves. In contrast, only three in 10 moderate/conservative Democrats (29%) and half that many liberal Democrats (14%) agree. Since 2008, agreement among both liberal Democrats and moderate/conservative Democrats decreased by 13 points, while agreement among both conservative Republicans and liberal/moderate Republicans increased by 4 points.

Nearly seven in ten registered voters (69%) say that discrimination against minorities is a serious problem. In 2020, large majorities of liberal Democrats (93%) and moderate/conservative Democrats (85%), and six in 10 liberal/moderate Republicans (61%) say that discrimination against minorities is still a very serious problem in our society. In contrast, only four in 10 conservative Republicans (41%) agree with this statement. Overall, voters’ level of agreement with this statement in 2020 is similar to 2008, but has increased significantly since 2014 after an initial drop in 2010, during the early years of the Obama presidency.

Democrats and Republicans tend to have very different cultural worldviews about the ideal structure of society and the role of government. Democrats tend to be more egalitarian than individualistic, while the opposite is true for Republicans. Moreover, over the past 12 years, Democrats’ have become more egalitarian and less individualistic, whereas Republicans’ worldviews have remained mostly static. The shift among Democrats has led to increasing support for strong government action to solve societal problems, from health care to climate change. Therefore, building a bipartisan consensus on climate change may be becoming more difficult, as the two parties increasingly have divergent views of the role of government in solving problems like climate change.

The data included in this report are based on data from 10 waves ( n = 10,436 registered voters) of the bi-annual Climate Change in the American Mind survey — a nationally-representative analysis of public opinion on climate change in the United States conducted by the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication and the George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication . Surveys were conducted from Fall 2008 to June 2017 using the Ipsos (formerly GfK) KnowledgePanel®, a representative online panel of U.S. adults (18+). Data for July 2020 ( n = 803 registered voters) were also collected separately by Yale and George Mason University using the Ipsos KnowledgePanel® omnibus survey. Datapoints for 2011, 2012, and 2013 report the average of results from two waves of data collected in each of those years. All questionnaires were self-administered by respondents in a web-based environment.

The average margin of error for each wave of data is +/- 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level. Percentage values are weighted to align with U.S. Census parameters. For tabulation purposes, percentage points are rounded to the nearest whole number.

References:

Douglas, M. (1966). Purity and danger: An analysis of concepts of pollution and taboo . London and New York: Routledge & Keagan Paul.

Van der Linden, S. (2015). The social-psychological determinants of climate change risk perceptions: Towards a comprehensive model. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 41. 112-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.11.012

Leiserowitz, A. (2006). Climate Change Risk Perception and Policy Preferences: The Role of Affect, Imagery, and Values. Climatic Change, 77 , 45–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9059-9

Carman, J., Rosenthal, S., Maibach, E., Kotcher, J., Wang, X., Marlon, J., & Leiserowitz, A. (2020). Shifting views of an ideal society in the U.S. Yale University and George Mason University. New Haven, CT: Yale Program on Climate Change Communication.

Funding Sources

The research was funded by the 11th Hour Project, the Energy Foundation, the MacArthur Foundation, and the Grantham Foundation.

Climate Change in the American Mind

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How to conclude an essay | Interactive example

How to Conclude an Essay | Interactive Example

Published on January 24, 2019 by Shona McCombes . Revised on July 23, 2023.

The conclusion is the final paragraph of your essay . A strong conclusion aims to:

Tie together the essay’s main points
Show why your argument matters
Leave the reader with a strong impression

Your conclusion should give a sense of closure and completion to your argument, but also show what new questions or possibilities it has opened up.

This conclusion is taken from our annotated essay example , which discusses the history of the Braille system. Hover over each part to see why it’s effective.

Braille paved the way for dramatic cultural changes in the way blind people were treated and the opportunities available to them. Louis Braille’s innovation was to reimagine existing reading systems from a blind perspective, and the success of this invention required sighted teachers to adapt to their students’ reality instead of the other way around. In this sense, Braille helped drive broader social changes in the status of blindness. New accessibility tools provide practical advantages to those who need them, but they can also change the perspectives and attitudes of those who do not.

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Step 1: return to your thesis, step 2: review your main points, step 3: show why it matters, what shouldn’t go in the conclusion, more examples of essay conclusions, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about writing an essay conclusion.

To begin your conclusion, signal that the essay is coming to an end by returning to your overall argument.

Don’t just repeat your thesis statement —instead, try to rephrase your argument in a way that shows how it has been developed since the introduction.

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Next, remind the reader of the main points that you used to support your argument.

Avoid simply summarizing each paragraph or repeating each point in order; try to bring your points together in a way that makes the connections between them clear. The conclusion is your final chance to show how all the paragraphs of your essay add up to a coherent whole.

To wrap up your conclusion, zoom out to a broader view of the topic and consider the implications of your argument. For example:

Does it contribute a new understanding of your topic?
Does it raise new questions for future study?
Does it lead to practical suggestions or predictions?
Can it be applied to different contexts?
Can it be connected to a broader debate or theme?

Whatever your essay is about, the conclusion should aim to emphasize the significance of your argument, whether that’s within your academic subject or in the wider world.

Try to end with a strong, decisive sentence, leaving the reader with a lingering sense of interest in your topic.

The easiest way to improve your conclusion is to eliminate these common mistakes.

Don’t include new evidence

Any evidence or analysis that is essential to supporting your thesis statement should appear in the main body of the essay.

The conclusion might include minor pieces of new information—for example, a sentence or two discussing broader implications, or a quotation that nicely summarizes your central point. But it shouldn’t introduce any major new sources or ideas that need further explanation to understand.

Don’t use “concluding phrases”

Avoid using obvious stock phrases to tell the reader what you’re doing:

“In conclusion…”
“To sum up…”

These phrases aren’t forbidden, but they can make your writing sound weak. By returning to your main argument, it will quickly become clear that you are concluding the essay—you shouldn’t have to spell it out.

Don’t undermine your argument

Avoid using apologetic phrases that sound uncertain or confused:

“This is just one approach among many.”
“There are good arguments on both sides of this issue.”
“There is no clear answer to this problem.”

Even if your essay has explored different points of view, your own position should be clear. There may be many possible approaches to the topic, but you want to leave the reader convinced that yours is the best one!

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Argumentative
Literary analysis

This conclusion is taken from an argumentative essay about the internet’s impact on education. It acknowledges the opposing arguments while taking a clear, decisive position.

The internet has had a major positive impact on the world of education; occasional pitfalls aside, its value is evident in numerous applications. The future of teaching lies in the possibilities the internet opens up for communication, research, and interactivity. As the popularity of distance learning shows, students value the flexibility and accessibility offered by digital education, and educators should fully embrace these advantages. The internet’s dangers, real and imaginary, have been documented exhaustively by skeptics, but the internet is here to stay; it is time to focus seriously on its potential for good.

This conclusion is taken from a short expository essay that explains the invention of the printing press and its effects on European society. It focuses on giving a clear, concise overview of what was covered in the essay.

The invention of the printing press was important not only in terms of its immediate cultural and economic effects, but also in terms of its major impact on politics and religion across Europe. In the century following the invention of the printing press, the relatively stationary intellectual atmosphere of the Middle Ages gave way to the social upheavals of the Reformation and the Renaissance. A single technological innovation had contributed to the total reshaping of the continent.

This conclusion is taken from a literary analysis essay about Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein . It summarizes what the essay’s analysis achieved and emphasizes its originality.

By tracing the depiction of Frankenstein through the novel’s three volumes, I have demonstrated how the narrative structure shifts our perception of the character. While the Frankenstein of the first volume is depicted as having innocent intentions, the second and third volumes—first in the creature’s accusatory voice, and then in his own voice—increasingly undermine him, causing him to appear alternately ridiculous and vindictive. Far from the one-dimensional villain he is often taken to be, the character of Frankenstein is compelling because of the dynamic narrative frame in which he is placed. In this frame, Frankenstein’s narrative self-presentation responds to the images of him we see from others’ perspectives. This conclusion sheds new light on the novel, foregrounding Shelley’s unique layering of narrative perspectives and its importance for the depiction of character.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

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Your essay’s conclusion should contain:

A rephrased version of your overall thesis
A brief review of the key points you made in the main body
An indication of why your argument matters

The conclusion may also reflect on the broader implications of your argument, showing how your ideas could applied to other contexts or debates.

For a stronger conclusion paragraph, avoid including:

Important evidence or analysis that wasn’t mentioned in the main body
Generic concluding phrases (e.g. “In conclusion…”)
Weak statements that undermine your argument (e.g. “There are good points on both sides of this issue.”)

Your conclusion should leave the reader with a strong, decisive impression of your work.

The conclusion paragraph of an essay is usually shorter than the introduction . As a rule, it shouldn’t take up more than 10–15% of the text.

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If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.

McCombes, S. (2023, July 23). How to Conclude an Essay | Interactive Example. Scribbr. Retrieved April 15, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/academic-essay/conclusion/

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The Concept of Ideal Society

Description and understanding of an ideal society are two contentious issues due to the divergent views put forward by scholars. While some sociologists focus on social components defining a perfect community, political scientists and economists underpin the significance of sociopolitical elements. Thus, an ideal society incorporates socioeconomic and political factors that drive and sustain life.

Different scholars present a diverse interpretation of an ideal society based on philosophical or sociological components. They emphasize the elements making the world a better place for the benefit of all individuals.
Literature reviews identify the motivations behind the establishment of an ideal society. For instance, Williams (2017) posits that gender issues shape the creation of a perfect community in which social and political systems distinguish gendered roles.

In Confucian tradition, an ideal society is founded on morality. A ‘moral community’ integrates individual desires and compels people to observe restraints.

Innate honorable emotions confine individual desires in a perfect social setting. People abide by community regulations and collaborate to realize the public good.
Trust is a fundamental principle which determines decency and encourages people to uphold social checks. According to Young-jin and Haeng-Hoon (2016), Confucius alludes that trust is the primary requirement for establishing and preserving a moral society, although economic and military power is essential.
The central building blocks for an ideal society include the ability to promote goodness and abolish wickedness. Young-jin and Haeng-Hoon (2016) expound that individuals and rulers in a perfect community set a good example by confining personal longings to stimulate inborn moral sensations.
Thus, members control their innate desires and moral emotions by complying with the social order. Furthermore, they contribute to the realization of public virtues and development of a life community. In this regard, people live to realize their nature completely and create a harmonious universe.

An ideal society upholds oneness and motivates people to acquire absolute knowledge. In this way, community members can identify social subjugation drivers and comprehend the void associated with the preeminence of birthrights claimed by the high castes.

Swami Vivekananda is a prominent scholar who advanced the philosophy of oneness and absolute knowledge, mainly in India. Rayand Sethy (2020) postulate that Vivekananda envisions a perfect society based on caste. Although class is perceived as a political structure, Vivekananda represents it from a social custom perspective.
An ideal community must outgrow political institutions and form a single caste by raising those in the lower levels to the highest category. In this regard, Rayand Sethy (2020) allude that all societal orders must overcome limitations observed in each and preserve inherent benefits.
Absolute knowledge is the most fundamental tool needed to eliminate caste obstacles since it is a means to level up to class distinctions. People from different regions, such as Europe and India, must learn to create ideal humanity. An educated society promotes the spirit of parity and freedom.

An ideal society must maintain order in its sociopolitical systems. In this regard, a well-ordered culture includes accepting systematic principles of justice, which regulate societal institutions.

John Rawls advances the idea of an ideal society based on justice and fairness. Community members enjoy freedoms endowed by the constitution or inherent privileges attributed to divine forces (Fanton, 2020). A just and fair society promotes impartiality and eliminates any discrimination against its community.
Rawls’ philosophy exemplifies that an ideal society is based on social unity, public scrutiny, and autonomy. Communal harmony prevails when civic accord and people collaborate to advance fairness; politics is considered a shared initiative instead of competition (Fanton, 2020). Consequently, individuals realize sovereignty when they comply with rules and institutions.
An ideal society must develop and uphold justice founded on a specific moral element, which regulates choices and alternatives concerning the distribution of rights and opportunities. It should also manage socioeconomic and political institutions.

In conclusion, an ideal society must promote social justice and protect constitutional and inherent rights. Community members will enjoy life without infringing on others’ privileges.

A perfect culture would be one in which people can get whatever they wish. Although it is difficult to realize an unlimited degree of selection, community members can strive to find the best possible line of fit to accommodate freedom of choice. They can set parameters at an average based on individual ideals. The approach might not give a perfect society, but it would not be unsuitable for everyone.
An ideal society would acknowledge individuals’ strengths and appreciate their weaknesses. This way, it would not judge people irrespective of their socioeconomic or political standards. Community members should live the best life in a perfect social order rather than being punished. A rights-based communal system would be preferred instead of deviating from normalized community standards.
An ideal society should cultivate knowledge to help people identify and resolve daily life issues instead of providing one-time solutions. Only an educated community is able to develop an autonomous system based on progressive social, economic and political principles.

Fanton, M. (2020). Rawls’s point of view: A systematic reading of justice as fairness . Brazilian Political Science Review , 14 (2).

Kogelmann, B. (2017). Justice, diversity, and the well-ordered society . The Philosophical Quarterly, 67( 269), 663–684.

Ray, P., K., & Sethy, M., P. (2020). Swami Vivekananda: His philosophy and vision on ideal society. Asiatic Society for Social Science Research Journal, 2( 1), 45-57. Web.

Williams, S. J. (2017). Personal prefigurative politics: Cooking up an ideal society in the woman’s temperance and woman’s suffrage movements, 1870–1920. The Sociological Quarterly , 58 (1), 72-90. Web.

Young-jin, C., & Haeng-Hoon, L. (2016). The Confucian vision of an ideal society arising out of moral emotions, with a focus on the sishu Daquan. Philosophy East and West, 66( 2), 394-417. Web.

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Best Sociology Essay Examples

Ideal society.

1040 words | 4 page(s)

Thousands of people say that the modern society is not even close to being ideal. This is not surprising, since the sins and vices society’s individual members overshadow their best achievements. Drugs, prostitution, violence, and excessive commitment to material values are just some of the problems facing the modern world. Nevertheless, it is wrong to believe that our society cannot be perfect or that it cannot move closer to the ideal proposed by Thomas More. In his work “What Is the Ideal Society?” Thomas More outlines the most important features of an ideal society. In this society, work and pleasure are perfectly balanced. Everyone has a job, specialization, and a specific role. God and the immortal soul, laws that govern pleasures and a simple philosophy of life make up a picture of a perfect world. Our society is very close to that ideal, with a clear division of labor, a combination of work and pleasures, strong religious beliefs, and the variety of physical and thinking pleasures that make our lives more colorful.

An ideal society is impossible without a perfect balance of work and pleasure. In Thomas More’s perfect world, everyone has a job. “Most children are brought up to do the same work as their parents, since they tend to have a natural feeling for it. But if a child fancies some other trade, he’s adopted into a family that practices it” (More 856). In other words, in an ideal society, children are allowed to develop their inner abilities and talents in ways that benefit the community, in which they live. The Utopians spend six hours a day at work, with the rest of the time being devoted to entertainment and household chores. In our society, the work-entertainment balance is very much similar to that in the ideal world. Even though most people spend more than six hours at work, the work-life balance remains one of the most important factors of happiness in our society. Every society member has a specialization, profession, and work. Laziness is not encouraged, being considered as one of the most serious human vices. Everyone is free to obtain a profession or develop a trade based on his (her) abilities, preferences, and talents. Like the Utopians send their children to families that practice a specific trade, our society sends children and adolescents to schools, colleges, and universities, depending on their professional choices. Everyone has free time after a hard day at work. This time is spent on simple pleasures, entertainment, or family affairs. In this context, our society resembles the ideal proposed by Thomas More.

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The work-life balance is not the only feature that makes our society close to an ideal. The Utopians strongly believe in God and the immortal soul. More writes that “we shall be rewarded or punished in the next world for our good or bad behavior in this one. Although these are religious principles, the Utopians find rational grounds for accepting them” (859). These are the principles on which the modern society rests. Almost all modern religions promote the idea of the immortal soul and the rewards or punishments that are awaiting each society member after his (her) death. Certainly, not everyone believes that he will be rewarded for his (her) achievements or punished for his (her) sins after death. Nevertheless, most members of our society have a fear of the unknown, which follows the event of death. Thousands of people go to churches, as they hope they will have a chance to justify their mistakes and sins. Many others pray at home, hoping that the kind God will hear and consider their words, when the decision to send them to heaven or hell is being made.

Every member of our society can create a personal heaven, by engaging in pleasures and enjoyable activities. Pleasures and entertainment remain an essential component of public and private life in the ideal society, as well as our world. “On this principle they think it right to […] obey public laws for regulating the distribution of “goods” – by which I mean the raw materials of pleasure” (More 860). They treat entertainment as an important element of happy living, but they also think of the ways, in which their pleasures impact the community’s wellbeing. In a similar fashion, our society tries its best to make entertainment and pleasures work for the benefit of every individual. Such laws are adopted and implemented in our society. We place certain legal limitations on the pleasures that are considered as immoral. For instance, all kinds of drugs are legally prohibited. The same goes for prostitution. At the same time, certain types of pleasures are regulated by the state. For example, gambling and lotteries are subject to heavy taxes, so that every society member thinks twice before participating in any of these entertainment activities. The goal of these regulations and laws is to promote morality in our society, while motivating every society member to work rather than gamble. Unfortunately, thousands of people are willing to pay huge taxes rather than refuse from an opportunity to win another thousand of dollars in a casino. Nevertheless, these laws and regulations help to maintain our society in a moral and legal order.

In conclusion, our society has accomplished quite a lot in its movement towards the ideal proposed by Thomas More. The work-life balance remains one of the defining features of the modern society, in which everyone works hard to have some free time for entertainment. God and religion govern individual and collective activities and everyday decisions. Thousands of people believe that their souls are immortal, while thousands of others are confident that they will face rewards and punishments for their achievements and vices, after they die. Like the Utopians, members of the modern society obey regulations and laws in their pursuit of entertainment and pleasures. Many entertainment activities are outlawed, while others are subject to taxation and state control. It is possible to say that these laws and regulations create an atmosphere of legal and moral order in our society. As such, our society has many features of the ideal world outlined in Thomas More’s work.

More, Thomas. “What Is the Ideal Society?” Current Issues and Enduring Questions. Eds. Sylvan Barnet and Hugo Bedau. 856-868. Print.

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Karl Marx Works 1844

Economic & Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 [1]

Written: Between April and August 1844; First Published: 1932; Source: Marx. Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844; Publisher: Progress Publishers, Moscow 1959; Translated: by Martin Milligan; Transcribed: for marxists.org by Andy Blunden in 2000; Proofed: and corrected by Matthew Carmody 2009; See alternate translation .

Sociological Views on Ideal vs. Real Society Essay

Introduction.

An ideal society has a collective, honest, transparent, and focused on equality among all people without the oppression of the minority. Today’s society has problems like cyberbullying, corruption, mental illness, and inequality among the poor and the rich. However, an ideal community works towards improving economic well-being, respect, and perfect co-existence among members. This essay aims to define the notion of ideas society from the current and how sociology theories impact people.

Sociology is the study of society, patterns of social relationships, interaction, human behavior and consequences, and their perception of cultural practices. Another definition of sociology is that society’s general science focuses on tradition, religion, gender, race, and social classes and gradually expands to economics, government, and social capital (Calhoun, 2022). There are vital components of the society in which the sociology duties include the culture, material belongings, population, social institutions, and organizations (Calhoun, 2022). Culture deals with individuals’ shared way of life, beliefs, religion, codes of behavior, and way of dressing. The population includes the number of people co-existing in a specific geographical area. However, in sociology, a population is a group of people characterized by ethnicity, religion, race, location, and nationality.

An ideal society has perfect economic prosperity and co-existence among the people. In addition, an ideal community experiences equality, fairness, and honesty and avoids discrimination and exploitation among people. Society often does not meet these ideals, and people are not always treated fairly or equally. There is a lot of crime in the community, and not everyone has the same opportunities to succeed. This can lead to frustration and dissatisfaction among people, who may feel unable to live up to their potential.

Sociology has three main theories, functionalist, conflict, and symbolic interaction approaches. The functionalist approach emphasizes tradition and interconnection relationships among different systems within the society (Siregar, 2022). Therefore, systems and individuals must cooperate and work together to ensure a balance in society (Siregar, 2022). In addition, the functionalist approach emphasizes equality and easier access to healthcare and medical care to enable the community to perform its roles. This perspective would likely fit a whole society better than an ideal society since there will always be some degree of tension and conflict in any given society. The conflict approach for a perfect society ensures equality among individuals, whereby social class, power, and institutions do not separate community members (Siregar, 2022). The conflict approach from an ideal society discourages different social backgrounds where the privileged access better medical care and the poor receive inadequate healthcare.

Symbolic interactionist approach view society as an ongoing and ever-changing event whereby individuals’ relations are based on their interactions. In an ideal community, symbolic interactionism enables health institutions and professionals to treat all patients equally without discrimination despite their medical situation (Siregar, 2022). Also, since medical professionals are responsible for managing the healthcare facilities and their patients, they should ensure patients are attended to without delay, and proper medication is provided.

Society has a positive and negative impact on how people interact and behave. A society’s culture shapes how people work and their culture on what is considered right and wrong. Social structures and culture are based on how different people interact, society rules, and government (Maigari, 2021). Social cultures like beliefs, religion, norms and behavior expectations from society dictate the behavior and interaction among people (Maigari, 2021). Individuals’ identities and behavior are determined by their social environment and personal experience while living in that particular community.

Micro-behavior focuses on one-on-one interactions between individuals and studying their behavior during everyday decisions, negotiations, and confrontations. An ideal society assumes a micro-behavior level; individuals have a shared understanding and commit to the best behavior within the community. Macro-behavior defines society as a whole and focuses on broad systems, hierarchies, institutions, and patterns that control and shape the community (Maigari, 2021). Macro-behavior studies social class in society, which influences the interaction and behavior among people; for example, the rich interacts and associates themselves with the rich and powerful (Maigari, 2021). Therefore, social, political, and social status influences behavior and interactions among people and communities.

Society can be seen as the cause of certain behaviors, while individuals and communities can be seen as the effect. One of the ways that society directs behaviors at community and individual levels is the course and effect terms. For example, society may dictate what is considered acceptable behavior (Calhoun, 2022). This can impact how individuals behave, as they may conform to socially acceptable norms. Communities may also be influenced by what is regarded as good behavior, as they may adopt standards that reflect these values. Additionally, society can also impact behavior through institutions and structures. For example, the education system may socialize individuals to behave in specific ways (Calhoun, 2022). The criminal justice system may also influence behavior, as individuals may be more likely to engage in illegal activity if they perceive lenient punishments.

In conclusion, an ideal society is focused on equality, transparency, and respect for all members. While community often does not meet these ideals, sociology provides a framework for understanding how people interact and behave. The three main theories of sociology – functionalist, conflict, and symbolic interaction – can help to explain how people behave in different situations. Additionally, the concept of course and effect can help to understand how society influences behavior at the individual and community level.

Calhoun, C. (2022). For sociology: May our arguments unite us. Critical Sociology , 48 (2), 197-203. Web.

Siregar, I. (2022). The Relationship between conflict and social change in the perspective of expert theory: A literature review. International Journal of Arts and Humanities Studies , 2 (1), 09-16. Web.

Maigari, M. A. (2021). Micro-macro problem in sociology: Towards a solution. Global Journal of Sociology: Current Issues , 11 (2).

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IvyPanda. (2023, June 23). Sociological Views on Ideal vs. Real Society. https://ivypanda.com/essays/sociological-views-on-ideal-vs-real-society/

"Sociological Views on Ideal vs. Real Society." IvyPanda , 23 June 2023, ivypanda.com/essays/sociological-views-on-ideal-vs-real-society/.

IvyPanda . (2023) 'Sociological Views on Ideal vs. Real Society'. 23 June.

IvyPanda . 2023. "Sociological Views on Ideal vs. Real Society." June 23, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/essays/sociological-views-on-ideal-vs-real-society/.

1. IvyPanda . "Sociological Views on Ideal vs. Real Society." June 23, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/essays/sociological-views-on-ideal-vs-real-society/.