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24 German Essay Phrases, Plus Tips on How to Write an Essay in German

We need to talk about your German essays.

Essay writing is a skill that you can learn in any language.

All you need is to brush up your vocabulary and follow a few simple strategies, and you’ll be well on your way to writing your first masterpiece.

This post will provide you with a list of useful German words and phrases to include in your next essay, plus the different types of German essays, a few writing strategies and even a sample essay at the end. 

German Essay Phrases

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Let’s start with the words and phrases themselves. As you’ll see, they’re grouped according to how and when you’ll use them. Let’s start off with some that will help you explain your arguments.

1. Weil (Because)

Daniel muss lernen, weil er morgen einen Test hat.

(Daniel has to study because he has a test tomorrow.)

2. Da (Because)

Daniel muss lernen, da er morgen einen Test hat.

3. Denn (Because)

Daniel muss lernen, denn er hat morgen einen Test.

(Daniel has to study because tomorrow he has a test.)

A quick note: Weil, da and denn are generally interchangeable. Keep in mind though that denn requires a different word order.

4. Damit (In order to; So that)

Lisa lernt viel, damit sie den Test besteht.

(Lisa is studying a lot in order to pass the test.)

5. Um (To; In order to)

Lisa lernt viel, um den Test zu bestehen.

(Lisa is studying a lot to pass the test.)

6. Im Grunde (Basically; Fundamentally)

Im Grunde ist Deutsch keine schwierige Sprache.

(Fundamentally, German is not a difficult language.)

7. Eigentlich (Actually)

Eigentlich ist Deutsch nicht so schwierig, wie es scheint.

(Actually, German is not as difficult as it seems.)

8. Ein Beispiel anführen  (To give an example)

Ich möchte ein Beispiel anführen .

(I would like to give an example.)

9. Dieses Beispiel zeigt, dass… (This example shows that…)

Dieses Beispiel zeigt, dass das Lernen einer Fremdsprache beim Reisen viele Vorteile hat.

(This example shows that studying a foreign language has many advantages when traveling.)

10. Erstens… zweitens… (Firstly… secondly…)

Erstens kann man sich auf Reisen besser verständigen und zweitens lernt man viele neue Leute kennen.

(Firstly, you can communicate better while traveling, and secondly, you meet many new people.)

11. Das Wichtigste ist…  (T he most important thing is…)

Das Wichtigste ist , die Angst vor der Sprache zu verlieren.

(The most important thing is to lose your fear of the language.)

12. Außer dem (Furthermore)

Außerdem kann man beim Reisen seine Sprachkenntnisse verbessern.

(Furthermore, you can improve your language knowledge while traveling.)

13. Nicht nur… sondern auch…  (Not only… but also…)

Nicht nur im Unterricht, sondern auch im Alltag kann man viel Deutsch lernen.

(Not only in class, but also in everyday life you can learn a lot of German.)

14. Obwohl (Even though)

Obwohl Anna viel lernt, hat sie Probleme mit der deutschen Grammatik.

(Even though Anna studies a lot, she has problems with German grammar.)

15. Allerdings (However)

Anna lernt gerne Deutsch, allerdings hat sie Probleme mit der Grammatik.

(Anna enjoys studying German; however, she has problems with the grammar.)

16. Trotz   (Despite)

Trotz ihrer Probleme mit der Grammatik lernt Anna gerne Deutsch.

(Despite her problems with German grammar, Anna enjoys studying German.)

17. Im Vergleich zu (In comparison to)

Im Vergleich zu Russisch ist Deutsch eine einfache Sprache.

In comparison to Russian, German is an easy language.

18. Im Gegensatz zu (In contrast to; Unlike)

Im Gegensatz zu Anna lernt Paul gerne neue Vokabeln.

Unlike Anna, Paul enjoys learning new vocabulary.

19. Meiner Meinung nach (In my opinion)

Meiner Meinung nach sollte jeder eine Fremdsprache lernen.

(In my opinion, everybody should study a foreign language.)

20. Ich bin der Ansicht, dass…  (I believe that…)

Ich bin der Ansicht, dass jeder eine Fremdsprache lernen sollte.

(I believe that everybody should study a foreign language.)

21. Ich finde es schade, dass…  (I think it’s a pity that…)

Ich finde es schade, dass die Schulen keine anderen Fremdsprachen unterrichten.

(I think it’s a pity that schools don’t teach other foreign languages.)

22. Alles in Allem (Overall)

Alles in allem ist Deutsch nicht so schwierig, wie es scheint.

(Overall, German isn’t as difficult as it seems.)

23. Im Großen und Ganzen (Overall)

Im Großen und Ganzen ist Deutsch keine schwierige Sprache.

(Overall, German isn’t a difficult language.)

24. Zusammenfassend kann man sagen, dass…  (In summary, it can be said that…)

Zusammenfassend kann man sagen, dass Sprachen beim Reisen sehr hilfreich sein können.

(In summary, it can be said that languages can be very helpful when traveling.)

Ok, let’s get a little deeper into the actual essays themselves. How do they compare to the essays that you’re probably used to writing?

• They have a similar structure to English essays. Remember how English essays have a beginning, middle and end? Good news: German essays contain those same parts. When you’re writing a German essay, you’ll want to include an opening paragraph with your argument, three supporting paragraphs that further your argument and a conclusion. German and English are often surprisingly similar, and essay structure is no exception.
• German essays are more to the point. Although German essays and English essays are structured similarly, German essays—just like German speakers—tend to be more blunt and to the point. You won’t need to dance around your conclusions or obfuscate in German: just say what you mean.
• German punctuation is different. Germans have different rules for punctuation than English speakers. For example, Germans introduce a direct quote with a colon instead of a comma. They use quotes instead of italics for the names of books, movies and newspapers. And they set off relative clauses beginning with dass (that) with a comma, unlike in American English. Understanding these differences between English and German punctuation will ensure you don’t give yourself away as a non-native speaker through punctuation marks alone!

Before you get started on your essay, make sure you know what type of essay you’re going to write. If it’s a school essay, be sure to read and understand the instructions.

Here are a few notes about the most common kinds of essays in German.

• An Erzählung  is a narrative essay that tells a story. Your teacher might give you some keywords or pictures and ask you to create a story around it. An Erlebniserzählung (“experience story”) is about a personal experience and can be written in the first person.
• An Erörterung is an argumentative essay, a writing piece meant to persuade someone to think the way you do. This writing genre requires you to investigate your topic well and provide evidence to prove your point.
• In a Nacherzählung you summarize and recount a book, a film or an article you have read, from an objective perspective. Depending on the essay instructions, you might be asked for your personal opinion in the conclusion.

Are you ready to start writing? Use these four strategies to wow your teachers and write the perfect German essay.

You should look at any new activity as an opportunity to learn and master new vocabulary . Instead of using the same words that you use in your everyday German speech, use this essay as an opportunity to introduce new words into your German lexicon.

Besides, incorporating academic words that help you craft and shape your argument can make your essay sound more professional and polished. So before you start writing, write down a list of the German words you’d like to incorporate in your essay.

As with everything else, you should look at the research portion of the essay-writing process as an opportunity to learn more about Germany—this time, about German culture, history , politics or travel .

Chances are if you’re writing your essay for a language-learning class, you’ll be assigned a topic pertaining to one of these aspects of German life, so use this as a chance to learn more about Deutschland.

For example, Deutsche Welle offers information and resources about German history. Other newspapers such as Berliner Zeitung and Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung offer another perspective on politics and daily life in Germany.

There’s nothing clunkier than an essay that doesn’t flow naturally from one point to the next. Besides, thinking about how your arguments and points interact with each other will help you organize your essay and make sure you get your point across. (Do they support each other? Counter each other? How exactly do they function to further your argument?)

Examples of transition words:

• Vorher (prior)
• zur gleichen Zeit (at the same time)
• dann (then)
• trotzdem (nevertheless)
• noch (still)

Writing an essay in English and then translating it into German often results in stilted, poorly formed sentences and unnatural constructions.

For example, remember that German word order is different from English. If you write “He didn’t read the book,” a one-to-one literal translation would be Er hat gelesen nicht das Buch . But the correct translation is actually  Er hat nicht das Buch gelesen. In this example, translating word for word leads to errors.

There’s another, less tangible reason why it’s not a good idea to write in English and translate to German. Sure, you could just remember that you need to change the word order when translating into German. But isn’t it better to adapt your brain so that German word order seems fluid and natural?

Learning to think and write off-the-cuff in German is an essential step towards fluency, and devising sentences in German, instead of sentences in translation, will help you learn to do that.

One good way to learn to think in a language is to hear it spoken in natural contexts. You can hear German spoken naturally in German language TV shows , movies and YouTube videos .

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Listening to German spoken at a natural speed and native accent will help get you thinking in the language in real time. This will help get you to the point where you can come up with your own sentences in German, rather than thinking in English sentences first and then translating them in your head before you speak or write. That will greatly improve your speed and fluency when writing in German.

So, simply start writing the essay in German. Look up any words you’re not sure of and double-check any grammatical constructions that you’re not familiar with. After you finish writing, ask a German-speaking friend to look over the essay to make sure it sounds natural.

Now that we’ve explored strategies and phrases for writing top-notch German essays, let’s take a look at an example.

World War I doesn’t get as much coverage in the States as World War II (where it was more directly involved). But for Europe, World War I was a devastating example of the dangers of modern technological warfare and the horrors of violence.

Let’s take a look at an example opening paragraph and outline of an essay about the effect of World War I on German government and life.

Opening paragraph:

Der Erste Weltkrieg war ein totaler Krieg, der Deutschland völlig veränderte. Dieser Krieg hat 1914 angefangen, und 1918, als der Krieg zu Ende kam, waren die deutsche Gesellschaft, Regierung und Kultur nicht mehr erkennbar. Am Anfang hat der Erste Weltkrieg altväterliche Ideen und Systeme verstärkt. Am Ende hat dieser Krieg dagegen diese altväterlichen Dinge zerstört.

(The First World War was a total war that completely changed Germany. This war began in 1914 and in 1918, when the war came to an end, German society, government and culture were no longer recognizable. At the beginning, the First World War strengthened old-fashioned ideas and systems. However, by the end, this war destroyed these old-fashioned things.)

Notice that this opening paragraph is not very different at all from the first paragraph of an English essay. You can use the same structure you’ve always used to write your German essay, leaving you free to focus on grammar and vocabulary.

Notice also the use of phrases such as Am Anfang (at the beginning) and Dagegen (however). Words like these can help you make a point and counterpoint in your opening paragraph (or anywhere in your essay, for that matter).

I. Am Anfang (at the beginning):

– Dieser Krieg hat Deutschland vereint . (This war united Germany.) – Menschen hatten ein patriotisches Gefühl. (People had a patriotic feeling.) – Menschen dachten, dass der Krieg bald zu Ende kommen würde. (People thought that the war would soon come to an end.)

Notice that these points employ words like dachten (thought). Written German often relies on Präteritum , a form of the past tense that’s rarely used in spoken Deutsch. It’s often called “literary past tense” for this reason. Check out this guide to the Präteritum to include this tense in your essay.

II. Andrerseits (on the other hand):

– Bald gab es kein Essen mehr . (Soon there was no more food.) – Menschen wurden krank und desillusioniert . (People became sick and disillusioned.) – Es gab Proteste und Unruhen. (There was protest and unrest.)

Like in an English essay, your second and third paragraphs can include supporting points or counterpoints that contribute to the overall theme of your piece. The word Andrerseits (on the other hand) is an ideal transition word to show that you’re moving into another section of your essay.

Also notice that this essay will rely on vocabulary words that the average language learner might not have come across in his or her learning. After all, who learns the words for “disillusioned” and “unrest” in their intermediate German class? But don’t be daunted by the fact that your essay might include eclectic vocabulary. Instead, use this as an opportunity for more learning.

III. zum Schluss (in conclusion):

– Der Kaiser hat abgedankt . (The Emperor abdicated.) – Eine Republik wurde geboren. (A Republic was born.) – Die alten Werte waren weg. (The old values were gone.)

Once again, abgedankt (abdicated) is an example of the literary past tense (and an example of a word that you probably haven’t come across in your previous German studies!)

IV. Schließlich (finally)

– Der Erste Weltkrieg hat Deutschland verändert . (The First World War completely changed Germany.)

Again, like in an English essay, you should use this paragraph to summarize your main point.

Feeling a bit more confident about your next German essay now?

Just make a great essay plan, write down some new words and phrases that you want to include and off you go!

By sprinkling these bits of flair into your German essays, you’re sure to make your writing better and more effective.

Enjoy writing!

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Einen wissenschaftlichen Essay an der Uni schreiben

Veröffentlicht am 30. April 2021 von Lea Genau . Aktualisiert am 10. Oktober 2022.

In einem wissenschaftlichen Essay geht es darum, deinen persönlichen Standpunkt zu einem ausgewählten Thema wiederzugeben. In der Regel hat das Thema bzw. die Fragestellung des Essays einen unmittelbaren Bezug zu deinem Studiengang. 

Das Verfassen eines wissenschaftlichen Essays ist vor allem in geisteswissenschaftlichen oder sozialwissenschaftlichen Fächern Teil des Lehrplans.

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Inhaltsverzeichnis

Das ist ein wissenschaftlicher essay, aufbau eines wissenschaftlichen essays, essay vs. hausarbeit, checkliste für deinen wissenschaftlichen essay, häufig gestellte fragen.

Ein wissenschaftlicher Essay setzt sich kritisch mit einem konkreten Thema oder einer Fragestellung auseinander, bei der die eigene Meinung wiedergegeben werden darf. 

In einem wissenschaftlichen Essay geht es darum, den eigenen Standpunkt zu vertreten. Die eigene Meinung sollte dabei unbedingt durch ausreichend Fachlektüre reflektiert werden. 

Die Anforderungen an einen wissenschaftlichen Essay unterscheiden sich je nach Hochschule und Fach des Studiums. Meist werden wissenschaftliche Essays in den Geisteswissenschaften, wie in der Germanistik oder Philosophie, oder auch in sozialwissenschaftlichen Studiengängen geschrieben. 

Beachte beim Schreiben des Essays immer die konkreten Vorgaben deiner Hochschule. Ein philosophischer Essay z. B. kann häufig freier verfasst werden als z. B. ein sprachwissenschaftlicher Essay. 

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Auch wenn der Aufbau eines Essays grundsätzlich freier ist als der einer Hausarbeit, folgt er einem ebenso klaren Aufbau.

Ein Essay gliedert sich in:

Halte dich beim Essayschreiben unbedingt an diese Einteilung. Ein Deckblatt ist bei einem Essay vorhanden, ein Inhaltsverzeichnis enthält ein Essay jedoch nicht.

In der Einleitung führst du in das Thema, die Fragestellung und deren Relevanz ein.

Du kannst darauf hinweisen, welchen persönlichen Bezugspunkt du mit der im Essay behandelten Thematik hast. Dabei können dir folgende Fragen helfen.

• Was beschäftigt mich im Hinblick auf das Thema XY?
• Was ärgert mich in Bezug auf das Thema XY?

Der Hauptteil eines wissenschaftlichen Essays besteht meist aus These – Antithese – Synthese. 

Die häufigste Form des wissenschaftlichen Essays ist der argumentative Essay. Du gibst Pro- und Kontra-Argumente für die diskutierte These wieder.

Diese Argumente können wissenschaftliche Fakten oder Beispiele aus der Literatur sein, die du zum Thema gelesen hast. Daraus ziehst du als Synthese deine reflektierte eigene Meinung.

Eine strukturierte Argumentation ist wichtig. Auch wenn ein Essay freier aufgebaut ist als eine Hausarbeit, muss dennoch ein roter Faden zu erkennen sein. 

• Hat die Nutzung des Internets einen negativen Einfluss auf die Bildung?

Der Schluss des Essays dient dazu, kurz die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse aus dem Hauptteil zusammenzufassen.

Du kannst offene Fragen zur behandelten Thematik anbringen und Lösungsvorschläge anbieten. 

• Besonders wichtig ist es, das Thema XY zukünftig auch aus der Perspektive X zu betrachten.
• Offen bleibt die Frage, …

Ein wissenschaftlicher Essay kann am besten in Abgrenzung zu einer wissenschaftlichen Hausarbeit definiert werden. Der Aufbau einer Hausarbeit ähnelt dem Essay, der Stil und die Sprache sind jedoch grundsätzlich verschieden. 

Wir haben dir eine Checkliste erstellt, die du zum Essay schreiben an der Uni nutzen kannst. 

• Ich habe ein Thema für den Essay ausgesucht bzw. eine Fragestellung festgelegt und eine geeignete Überschrift ausgewählt.
• Ich habe eine Einleitung verfasst, die die Lesenden in das Thema einführt.
• Ich habe genügend Literatur gelesen, um meine eigene Meinung reflektiert darzustellen und zu begründen, bevor ich den Hauptteil verfasst habe.
• Im Hauptteil liefere ich Argumente für und gegen meinen Standpunkt. Ein roter Faden in der Argumentation ist jederzeit zu erkennen.
• Ich verwende Beispiele und ausreichend Quellen (je nach Studiengang unterschiedlich), um meine Argumente im Hauptteil zu belegen.
• Am Schluss des Essays ziehe ich ein Fazit aus meinen Überlegungen und komme zu einer abschließenden Beurteilung.
• Mein Essay ist bei erneutem Lesen inhaltlich und logisch schlüssig aufgebaut.

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Einen Essay für die Uni schreibst du in der Regel in Form eines wissenschaftlichen Essays.

In diesem setzt du dich mit einer konkreten Thematik oder Fragestellung auseinander und nutzt Pro- und Kontra-Argumente, um deine eigene Meinung darzustellen.

Ein wissenschaftlicher Essay setzt sich kritisch mit einem konkreten Thema oder einer Fragestellung auseinander, bei der die eigene Meinung wiedergegeben werden darf. Die häufigste Form des wissenschaftlichen Essays ist der argumentative Essay.

Ein wissenschaftlicher Essay und eine Hausarbeit unterscheiden sich unter anderem in ihrer Länge, ihrem Stil und ihrer Sprache. Ein Essay ist kürzer und enthält eine subjektive Meinung, eine Hausarbeit hingegen ist immer objektiv und vertritt einen wissenschaftlichen Standpunkt.

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Genau, L. (2022, 10. Oktober). Einen wissenschaftlichen Essay an der Uni schreiben. Scribbr. Abgerufen am 6. Mai 2024, von https://www.scribbr.de/ein-essay/wissenschaftliches-essay-uni/

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50 Useful German Essay Words and Phrases

by  fredo21  

January 9, 2019

2  Comments

Essay-writing is in itself already a difficult endeavor. Now writing an essay in a foreign language like German ---that’s on a different plane of difficulty.  

To make it easier for you, here in this article, we’ve compiled the most useful German essay phrases. Feel free to use these to add a dash of pizzazz into your essays. It will add just the right amount of flourish into your writing---enough to impress whoever comes across your work!

You can also download these phrases in PDF format by clicking the button below.

Now here’s your list!

What other German vocabulary list would you like to see featured here? Please feel free to leave a message in the comment section and we’ll try our best to accommodate your requests soon!

Once again, you can download your copy of the PDF by subscribing using the button below!

For an easier way to learn German vocabulary, check out German short stories for beginners!

A FUN AND EFFECTIVE WAY TO LEARN GERMAN

• 10 entertaining short stories about everyday themes
• Practice reading and listening with 90+ minutes of audio 
• Learn 1,000+ new German vocabulary effortlessly!

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Thank you for the good writeup. It in fact was a amusement account it. Look advanced to far added agreeable from you! By the way, how can we communicate?

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• Einen Essay im Fach Deutsch schreiben

Was du über einen Essay in Deutsch wissen musst

Veröffentlicht am 21. April 2021 von Lea Genau . Aktualisiert am 7. November 2023.

Einen Essay kannst du sowohl an der Hochschule als auch in der Schule schreiben. In der Schule wird ein Essay im Fach Deutsch meist in der Oberstufe geschrieben. Auch im Abitur kann ein Essay die Aufgabenstellung sein. 

Inhaltsverzeichnis

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In einem Essay gibst du deine Meinung zu einem bestimmten Thema wieder. Anders als in einer Hausarbeit oder in einer Facharbeit darfst du deine eigene Meinung subjektiv darstellen. Dazu können rhetorische Mittel , wie z. B. Alliterationen oder Metaphern, verwendet werden. 

Ein Essay stellt keinen Anspruch auf rein objektive, wissenschaftliche Darstellungen oder Vollständigkeit. Stattdessen sollen in einem Essay Denkanstöße zu der behandelten Thematik gegeben werden. 

Trotz der rhetorisch freien Gestaltung eines Essays müssen Zitate oder Paraphrasen beim Schreiben eines Essays durch Angabe der Quelle kenntlich gemacht werden. 

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Ein Essay ist normalerweise zwischen 5 und 10 Seiten lang. Der Aufbau eines Essays ähnelt dem von Hausarbeiten oder Facharbeiten. Er gliedert sich in Einleitung, Hauptteil und Schluss.

Wir haben dir eine Übersicht erstellt, welche Formulierungshilfen du verwenden kannst, wenn du einen Essay in Deutsch oder in einem anderen Fach schreibst. Du kannst freier formulieren als in einem wissenschaftlich Essay und aus deiner eigenen Perspektive schreiben.

• Wenn ich mich mit der Thematik XY beschäftige, muss ich automatisch an XX denken. Dieser Essay beschäftigt sich mit der Frage: …
• Der Essay behandelt die Thematik XY. 
• Das Thema XY wird seit jeher kontrovers diskutiert, weil…
• Position X vertritt die Meinung …, wohingegen Position Y das Gegenteil annimmt. 
• Nachdem ich das Ereignis XY betrachtet habe, möchte ich in Anlehnung daran das Phänomen XX vorstellen. 
• Die Thematik XY ist in der heutigen Zeit meiner Meinung nach besonders relevant, da… 
• Zusammenfassend möchte ich festhalten, dass… 
• Offen bleibt die Frage, … 
• Diese Frage könnte in Zukunft folgendermaßen gelöst werden: … 

In der Schule wird ein Essay meist im Fach Deutsch geschrieben. Da für den Essay die Darstellung und Begründung einer eigenen Meinung nötig ist, wird ein Essay in der Regel erst ab der Oberstufe geschrieben. 

Die Thematik bzw. die Fragestellung hat im Fach Deutsch meist mit einem literarischen Werk zu tun, das im Unterricht behandelt wird. Die häufigste Essay-Art in Deutsch ist demnach der literaturkritische Essay. Hier untersuchst du ein literarisches Werk hinsichtlich seiner verwendeten Motive oder Charakteristika.

Alternativ kann auch ein beschreibender Essay verfasst werden. Hier gehst du deutlich freier vor. 

Es kann vorkommen, dass das Schreiben eines Essays Teil der Aufgabenstellung im Abitur ist. Ein Essay im Abitur wird meist im Fach Deutsch geschrieben. In der Regel handelt es sich um literaturkritische Essays, die sich mit im Unterricht behandelten literarischen Werken beschäftigen.

Beispiel Aufgabenstellung Abitur Essay Deutsch

„Verfassen Sie einen Essay zum Thema XY. Nutzen Sie das beigefügte Material.“

Wichtig ist es, das Material, das dir zur Verfügung gestellt wird, in deinen Essay einzubeziehen. Auf diese Weise zeigst du, dass du in der Lage bist, die Fragestellung bzw. diskutierte These des Essays mit Hilfe von vorgegebenem Material zu beantworten. 

Das Material bezieht sich auf im Unterricht behandelte Inhalte und fragt somit Hintergründe ab. Verwendest du das Material nicht, kommt es zu Punktabzug. Es ist aber erlaubt, weitere Argumente, die über das Material hinausgehen, in deinen Essay einzubringen. 

Um einen Eindruck zu bekommen, wie ein subjektiver Schreibstil in einem Essay aussieht, kannst du dir ein Beispiel Essay im Fach Deutsch ansehen. Es handelt sich hier um einen beschreibenden Essay. 

• Autorin : Xenia Stein
• Essay : Erfüllte Zeit – Vertane Zeit 

Wir geben dir 3 nützliche Tipps, mit denen du sowohl bei einem Deutsch Essay in der Oberstufe als auch im Abitur erfolgreich abschneiden wirst. 

• Achte darauf, einen klaren Aufbau für deinen Essay zu wählen. Einleitung, Hauptteil und Schluss sollten gut zu erkennen sein. Du solltest für jedes neue Argument einen neuen Absatz verwenden, um eine übersichtliche Struktur zu schaffen. 
• Verwende sowohl im Unterricht als auch im Abitur die vorhandenen Materialien, um deinen Essay zu schreiben. So zeigst du, dass du ausgehend von den vorgegebenen Inhalten einen gelungenen Essay schreiben kannst. 
• Achte darauf, deine eigene Meinung reflektiert einzubringen und sie mit Argumenten aus der Literatur bzw. den beigefügten Materialien zu untermauern.

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Genau, L. (2023, 07. November). Was du über einen Essay in Deutsch wissen musst. Scribbr. Abgerufen am 6. Mai 2024, von https://www.scribbr.at/ein-essay-at/essay-deutsch/

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11: The Research Essay

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• Page ID 6537

• Steven D. Krause
• Eastern Michigan University
• 11.1: A “Research Essay” or a “Research Project” instead of a “Research Paper”
• 11.2: Getting Ready- Questions to Ask Yourself About Your Research Essay
• 11.3: Creating and Revising a Formal Outline
• 11.4: The Introduction
• 11.5: Background Information (or Helping Your Reader Find a Context)
• 11.6: Weaving in Evidence to Support Your Point
• 11.7: Antithetical Arguments and Answers
• 11.8: The Conclusion As research essays have a beginning, so do they have an ending, generally called a conclusion. While the main purpose of an introduction is to get the reader’s attention and to explain what the essay will be about, the goal of a conclusion is to bring the reader to a satisfying point of closure. In other words, a good conclusion does not merely “end” an essay; it wraps things up.
• 11.9: “Works Cited” or “Reference” Information
• 11.10: A Student Example- “The Corruption Surrounding University Athletics” by Casey K. Copeman

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• How to Do Research for an Excellent Essay: The Complete Guide

One of the biggest secrets to writing a good essay is the Boy Scouts’ motto: ‘be prepared’. Preparing for an essay – by conducting effective research – lays the foundations for a brilliant piece of writing, and it’s every bit as important as the actual writing part. Many students skimp on this crucial stage, or sit in the library not really sure where to start; and it shows in the quality of their essays. This just makes it easier for you to get ahead of your peers, and we’re going to show you how. In this article, we take you through what you need to do in order to conduct effective research and use your research time to best effect.

Allow enough time

First and foremost, it’s vital to allow enough time for your research. For this reason, don’t leave your essay until the last minute . If you start writing without having done adequate research, it will almost certainly show in your essay’s lack of quality. The amount of research time needed will vary according to whether you’re at Sixth Form or university, and according to how well you know the topic and what teaching you’ve had on it, but make sure you factor in more time than you think you’ll need. You may come across a concept that takes you longer to understand than you’d expected, so it’s better to allow too much time than too little.

Read the essay question and thoroughly understand it

If you don’t have a thorough understanding of what the essay question is asking you to do, you put yourself at risk of going in the wrong direction with your research. So take the question, read it several times and pull out the key things it’s asking you to do. The instructions in the question are likely to have some bearing on the nature of your research. If the question says “Compare”, for example, this will set you up for a particular kind of research, during which you’ll be looking specifically for points of comparison; if the question asks you to “Discuss”, your research focus may be more on finding different points of view and formulating your own.

Begin with a brainstorm

Start your research time by brainstorming what you already know. Doing this means that you can be clear about exactly what you’re already aware of, and you can identify the gaps in your knowledge so that you don’t end up wasting time by reading books that will tell you what you already know. This gives your research more of a direction and allows you to be more specific in your efforts to find out certain things. It’s also a gentle way of introducing yourself to the task and putting yourself in the right frame of mind for learning about the topic at hand.

Achieve a basic understanding before delving deeper

If the topic is new to you and your brainstorm has yielded few ideas, you’ll need to acquire a basic understanding of the topic before you begin delving deeper into your research. If you don’t, and you start by your research by jumping straight in at the deep end, as it were, you’ll struggle to grasp the topic. This also means that you may end up being too swayed by a certain source, as you haven’t the knowledge to question it properly. You need sufficient background knowledge to be able to take a critical approach to each of the sources you read. So, start from the very beginning. It’s ok to use Wikipedia or other online resources to give you an introduction to a topic, though bear in mind that these can’t be wholly relied upon. If you’ve covered the topic in class already, re-read the notes you made so that you can refresh your mind before you start further investigation.

Working through your reading list

If you’ve been given a reading list to work from, be organised in how you work through each of the items on it. Try to get hold of as many of the books on it as you can before you start, so that you have them all easily to hand, and can refer back to things you’ve read and compare them with other perspectives. Plan the order in which you’re going to work through them and try to allocate a specific amount of time to each of them; this ensures that you allow enough time to do each of them justice and that focus yourself on making the most of your time with each one. It’s a good idea to go for the more general resources before honing in on the finer points mentioned in more specialised literature. Think of an upside-down pyramid and how it starts off wide at the top and becomes gradually narrower; this is the sort of framework you should apply to your research.

Ask a librarian

Library computer databases can be confusing things, and can add an extra layer of stress and complexity to your research if you’re not used to using them. The librarian is there for a reason, so don’t be afraid to go and ask if you’re not sure where to find a particular book on your reading list. If you’re in need of somewhere to start, they should be able to point you in the direction of the relevant section of the library so that you can also browse for books that may yield useful information.

Use the index

If you haven’t been given specific pages to read in the books on your reading list, make use of the index (and/or table of contents) of each book to help you find relevant material. It sounds obvious, but some students don’t think to do this and battle their way through heaps of irrelevant chapters before finding something that will be useful for their essay.

Taking notes

As you work through your reading, take notes as you go along rather than hoping you’ll remember everything you’ve read. Don’t indiscriminately write down everything – only the bits that will be useful in answering the essay question you’ve been set. If you write down too much, you risk writing an essay that’s full of irrelevant material and getting lower grades as a result. Be concise, and summarise arguments in your own words when you make notes (this helps you learn it better, too, because you actually have to think about how best to summarise it). You may want to make use of small index cards to force you to be brief with what you write about each point or topic. We’ve covered effective note-taking extensively in another article, which you can read here . Note-taking is a major part of the research process, so don’t neglect it. Your notes don’t just come in useful in the short-term, for completing your essay, but they should also be helpful when it comes to revision time, so try to keep them organised.

Research every side of the argument

Never rely too heavily on one resource without referring to other possible opinions; it’s bad academic practice. You need to be able to give a balanced argument in an essay, and that means researching a range of perspectives on whatever problem you’re tackling. Keep a note of the different arguments, along with the evidence in support of or against each one, ready to be deployed into an essay structure that works logically through each one. If you see a scholar’s name cropping up again and again in what you read, it’s worth investigating more about them even if you haven’t specifically been told to do so. Context is vital in academia at any level, so influential figures are always worth knowing about.

Keep a dictionary by your side

You could completely misunderstand a point you read if you don’t know what one important word in the sentence means. For that reason, it’s a good idea to keep a dictionary by your side at all times as you conduct your research. Not only does this help you fully understand what you’re reading, but you also learn new words that you might be able to use in your forthcoming essay or a future one . Growing your vocabulary is never a waste of time!

Start formulating your own opinion

As you work through reading these different points of view, think carefully about what you’ve read and note your own response to different opinions. Get into the habit of questioning sources and make sure you’re not just repeating someone else’s opinion without challenging it. Does an opinion make sense? Does it have plenty of evidence to back it up? What are the counter-arguments, and on balance, which sways you more? Demonstrating your own intelligent thinking will set your essay apart from those of your peers, so think about these things as you conduct your research.

Be careful with web-based research

Although, as we’ve said already, it’s fine to use Wikipedia and other online resources to give you a bit of an introduction to a topic you haven’t covered before, be very careful when using the internet for researching an essay. Don’t take Wikipedia as gospel; don’t forget, anybody can edit it! We wouldn’t advise using the internet as the basis of your essay research – it’s simply not academically rigorous enough, and you don’t know how out of date a particular resource might be. Even if your Sixth Form teachers may not question where you picked up an idea you’ve discussed in your essays, it’s still not a good habit to get into and you’re unlikely to get away with it at a good university. That said, there are still reliable academic resources available via the internet; these can be found in dedicated sites that are essentially online libraries, such as JSTOR. These are likely to be a little too advanced if you’re still in Sixth Form, but you’ll almost certainly come across them once you get to university.

Look out for footnotes

In an academic publication, whether that’s a book or a journal article, footnotes are a great place to look for further ideas for publications that might yield useful information. Plenty can be hidden away in footnotes, and if a writer is disparaging or supporting the ideas of another academic, you could look up the text in question so that you can include their opinion too, and whether or not you agree with them, for extra brownie points.

Don’t save doing all your own references until last

If you’re still in Sixth Form, you might not yet be required to include academic references in your essays, but for the sake of a thorough guide to essay research that will be useful to you in the future, we’re going to include this point anyway (it will definitely come in useful when you get to university, so you may as well start thinking about it now!). As you read through various books and find points you think you’re going to want to make in your essays, make sure you note down where you found these points as you go along (author’s first and last name, the publication title, publisher, publication date and page number). When you get to university you will be expected to identify your sources very precisely, so it’s a good habit to get into. Unfortunately, many students forget to do this and then have a difficult time of going back through their essay adding footnotes and trying to remember where they found a particular point. You’ll save yourself a great deal of time and effort if you simply note down your academic references as you go along. If you are including footnotes, don’t forget to add each publication to a main bibliography, to be included at the end of your essay, at the same time.

Putting in the background work required to write a good essay can seem an arduous task at times, but it’s a fundamental step that can’t simply be skipped. The more effort you put in at this stage, the better your essay will be and the easier it will be to write. Use the tips in this article and you’ll be well on your way to an essay that impresses!

To get even more prepared for essay writing you might also want to consider attending an Oxford Summer School .

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Home » Research Paper – Structure, Examples and Writing Guide

Research Paper – Structure, Examples and Writing Guide

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Research Paper

Definition:

Research Paper is a written document that presents the author’s original research, analysis, and interpretation of a specific topic or issue.

It is typically based on Empirical Evidence, and may involve qualitative or quantitative research methods, or a combination of both. The purpose of a research paper is to contribute new knowledge or insights to a particular field of study, and to demonstrate the author’s understanding of the existing literature and theories related to the topic.

Structure of Research Paper

The structure of a research paper typically follows a standard format, consisting of several sections that convey specific information about the research study. The following is a detailed explanation of the structure of a research paper:

The title page contains the title of the paper, the name(s) of the author(s), and the affiliation(s) of the author(s). It also includes the date of submission and possibly, the name of the journal or conference where the paper is to be published.

The abstract is a brief summary of the research paper, typically ranging from 100 to 250 words. It should include the research question, the methods used, the key findings, and the implications of the results. The abstract should be written in a concise and clear manner to allow readers to quickly grasp the essence of the research.

Introduction

The introduction section of a research paper provides background information about the research problem, the research question, and the research objectives. It also outlines the significance of the research, the research gap that it aims to fill, and the approach taken to address the research question. Finally, the introduction section ends with a clear statement of the research hypothesis or research question.

Literature Review

The literature review section of a research paper provides an overview of the existing literature on the topic of study. It includes a critical analysis and synthesis of the literature, highlighting the key concepts, themes, and debates. The literature review should also demonstrate the research gap and how the current study seeks to address it.

The methods section of a research paper describes the research design, the sample selection, the data collection and analysis procedures, and the statistical methods used to analyze the data. This section should provide sufficient detail for other researchers to replicate the study.

The results section presents the findings of the research, using tables, graphs, and figures to illustrate the data. The findings should be presented in a clear and concise manner, with reference to the research question and hypothesis.

The discussion section of a research paper interprets the findings and discusses their implications for the research question, the literature review, and the field of study. It should also address the limitations of the study and suggest future research directions.

The conclusion section summarizes the main findings of the study, restates the research question and hypothesis, and provides a final reflection on the significance of the research.

The references section provides a list of all the sources cited in the paper, following a specific citation style such as APA, MLA or Chicago.

How to Write Research Paper

You can write Research Paper by the following guide:

• Choose a Topic: The first step is to select a topic that interests you and is relevant to your field of study. Brainstorm ideas and narrow down to a research question that is specific and researchable.
• Conduct a Literature Review: The literature review helps you identify the gap in the existing research and provides a basis for your research question. It also helps you to develop a theoretical framework and research hypothesis.
• Develop a Thesis Statement : The thesis statement is the main argument of your research paper. It should be clear, concise and specific to your research question.
• Plan your Research: Develop a research plan that outlines the methods, data sources, and data analysis procedures. This will help you to collect and analyze data effectively.
• Collect and Analyze Data: Collect data using various methods such as surveys, interviews, observations, or experiments. Analyze data using statistical tools or other qualitative methods.
• Organize your Paper : Organize your paper into sections such as Introduction, Literature Review, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion. Ensure that each section is coherent and follows a logical flow.
• Write your Paper : Start by writing the introduction, followed by the literature review, methods, results, discussion, and conclusion. Ensure that your writing is clear, concise, and follows the required formatting and citation styles.
• Edit and Proofread your Paper: Review your paper for grammar and spelling errors, and ensure that it is well-structured and easy to read. Ask someone else to review your paper to get feedback and suggestions for improvement.
• Cite your Sources: Ensure that you properly cite all sources used in your research paper. This is essential for giving credit to the original authors and avoiding plagiarism.

Research Paper Example

Note : The below example research paper is for illustrative purposes only and is not an actual research paper. Actual research papers may have different structures, contents, and formats depending on the field of study, research question, data collection and analysis methods, and other factors. Students should always consult with their professors or supervisors for specific guidelines and expectations for their research papers.

Research Paper Example sample for Students:

Title: The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health among Young Adults

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of social media use on the mental health of young adults. A literature review was conducted to examine the existing research on the topic. A survey was then administered to 200 university students to collect data on their social media use, mental health status, and perceived impact of social media on their mental health. The results showed that social media use is positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. The study also found that social comparison, cyberbullying, and FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) are significant predictors of mental health problems among young adults.

Introduction: Social media has become an integral part of modern life, particularly among young adults. While social media has many benefits, including increased communication and social connectivity, it has also been associated with negative outcomes, such as addiction, cyberbullying, and mental health problems. This study aims to investigate the impact of social media use on the mental health of young adults.

Literature Review: The literature review highlights the existing research on the impact of social media use on mental health. The review shows that social media use is associated with depression, anxiety, stress, and other mental health problems. The review also identifies the factors that contribute to the negative impact of social media, including social comparison, cyberbullying, and FOMO.

Methods : A survey was administered to 200 university students to collect data on their social media use, mental health status, and perceived impact of social media on their mental health. The survey included questions on social media use, mental health status (measured using the DASS-21), and perceived impact of social media on their mental health. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis.

Results : The results showed that social media use is positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. The study also found that social comparison, cyberbullying, and FOMO are significant predictors of mental health problems among young adults.

Discussion : The study’s findings suggest that social media use has a negative impact on the mental health of young adults. The study highlights the need for interventions that address the factors contributing to the negative impact of social media, such as social comparison, cyberbullying, and FOMO.

Conclusion : In conclusion, social media use has a significant impact on the mental health of young adults. The study’s findings underscore the need for interventions that promote healthy social media use and address the negative outcomes associated with social media use. Future research can explore the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing the negative impact of social media on mental health. Additionally, longitudinal studies can investigate the long-term effects of social media use on mental health.

Limitations : The study has some limitations, including the use of self-report measures and a cross-sectional design. The use of self-report measures may result in biased responses, and a cross-sectional design limits the ability to establish causality.

Implications: The study’s findings have implications for mental health professionals, educators, and policymakers. Mental health professionals can use the findings to develop interventions that address the negative impact of social media use on mental health. Educators can incorporate social media literacy into their curriculum to promote healthy social media use among young adults. Policymakers can use the findings to develop policies that protect young adults from the negative outcomes associated with social media use.

References :

• Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2019). Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. Preventive medicine reports, 15, 100918.
• Primack, B. A., Shensa, A., Escobar-Viera, C. G., Barrett, E. L., Sidani, J. E., Colditz, J. B., … & James, A. E. (2017). Use of multiple social media platforms and symptoms of depression and anxiety: A nationally-representative study among US young adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 69, 1-9.
• Van der Meer, T. G., & Verhoeven, J. W. (2017). Social media and its impact on academic performance of students. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 16, 383-398.

Appendix : The survey used in this study is provided below.

Social Media and Mental Health Survey

• How often do you use social media per day?
• Less than 30 minutes
• 30 minutes to 1 hour
• 1 to 2 hours
• 2 to 4 hours
• More than 4 hours
• Which social media platforms do you use?
• Others (Please specify)
• How often do you experience the following on social media?
• Social comparison (comparing yourself to others)
• Cyberbullying
• Fear of Missing Out (FOMO)
• Have you ever experienced any of the following mental health problems in the past month?
• Do you think social media use has a positive or negative impact on your mental health?
• Very positive
• Somewhat positive
• Somewhat negative
• Very negative
• In your opinion, which factors contribute to the negative impact of social media on mental health?
• Social comparison
• In your opinion, what interventions could be effective in reducing the negative impact of social media on mental health?
• Education on healthy social media use
• Counseling for mental health problems caused by social media
• Social media detox programs
• Regulation of social media use

Thank you for your participation!

Applications of Research Paper

Research papers have several applications in various fields, including:

• Advancing knowledge: Research papers contribute to the advancement of knowledge by generating new insights, theories, and findings that can inform future research and practice. They help to answer important questions, clarify existing knowledge, and identify areas that require further investigation.
• Informing policy: Research papers can inform policy decisions by providing evidence-based recommendations for policymakers. They can help to identify gaps in current policies, evaluate the effectiveness of interventions, and inform the development of new policies and regulations.
• Improving practice: Research papers can improve practice by providing evidence-based guidance for professionals in various fields, including medicine, education, business, and psychology. They can inform the development of best practices, guidelines, and standards of care that can improve outcomes for individuals and organizations.
• Educating students : Research papers are often used as teaching tools in universities and colleges to educate students about research methods, data analysis, and academic writing. They help students to develop critical thinking skills, research skills, and communication skills that are essential for success in many careers.
• Fostering collaboration: Research papers can foster collaboration among researchers, practitioners, and policymakers by providing a platform for sharing knowledge and ideas. They can facilitate interdisciplinary collaborations and partnerships that can lead to innovative solutions to complex problems.

When to Write Research Paper

Research papers are typically written when a person has completed a research project or when they have conducted a study and have obtained data or findings that they want to share with the academic or professional community. Research papers are usually written in academic settings, such as universities, but they can also be written in professional settings, such as research organizations, government agencies, or private companies.

Here are some common situations where a person might need to write a research paper:

• For academic purposes: Students in universities and colleges are often required to write research papers as part of their coursework, particularly in the social sciences, natural sciences, and humanities. Writing research papers helps students to develop research skills, critical thinking skills, and academic writing skills.
• For publication: Researchers often write research papers to publish their findings in academic journals or to present their work at academic conferences. Publishing research papers is an important way to disseminate research findings to the academic community and to establish oneself as an expert in a particular field.
• To inform policy or practice : Researchers may write research papers to inform policy decisions or to improve practice in various fields. Research findings can be used to inform the development of policies, guidelines, and best practices that can improve outcomes for individuals and organizations.
• To share new insights or ideas: Researchers may write research papers to share new insights or ideas with the academic or professional community. They may present new theories, propose new research methods, or challenge existing paradigms in their field.

Purpose of Research Paper

The purpose of a research paper is to present the results of a study or investigation in a clear, concise, and structured manner. Research papers are written to communicate new knowledge, ideas, or findings to a specific audience, such as researchers, scholars, practitioners, or policymakers. The primary purposes of a research paper are:

• To contribute to the body of knowledge : Research papers aim to add new knowledge or insights to a particular field or discipline. They do this by reporting the results of empirical studies, reviewing and synthesizing existing literature, proposing new theories, or providing new perspectives on a topic.
• To inform or persuade: Research papers are written to inform or persuade the reader about a particular issue, topic, or phenomenon. They present evidence and arguments to support their claims and seek to persuade the reader of the validity of their findings or recommendations.
• To advance the field: Research papers seek to advance the field or discipline by identifying gaps in knowledge, proposing new research questions or approaches, or challenging existing assumptions or paradigms. They aim to contribute to ongoing debates and discussions within a field and to stimulate further research and inquiry.
• To demonstrate research skills: Research papers demonstrate the author’s research skills, including their ability to design and conduct a study, collect and analyze data, and interpret and communicate findings. They also demonstrate the author’s ability to critically evaluate existing literature, synthesize information from multiple sources, and write in a clear and structured manner.

Characteristics of Research Paper

Research papers have several characteristics that distinguish them from other forms of academic or professional writing. Here are some common characteristics of research papers:

• Evidence-based: Research papers are based on empirical evidence, which is collected through rigorous research methods such as experiments, surveys, observations, or interviews. They rely on objective data and facts to support their claims and conclusions.
• Structured and organized: Research papers have a clear and logical structure, with sections such as introduction, literature review, methods, results, discussion, and conclusion. They are organized in a way that helps the reader to follow the argument and understand the findings.
• Formal and objective: Research papers are written in a formal and objective tone, with an emphasis on clarity, precision, and accuracy. They avoid subjective language or personal opinions and instead rely on objective data and analysis to support their arguments.
• Citations and references: Research papers include citations and references to acknowledge the sources of information and ideas used in the paper. They use a specific citation style, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago, to ensure consistency and accuracy.
• Peer-reviewed: Research papers are often peer-reviewed, which means they are evaluated by other experts in the field before they are published. Peer-review ensures that the research is of high quality, meets ethical standards, and contributes to the advancement of knowledge in the field.
• Objective and unbiased: Research papers strive to be objective and unbiased in their presentation of the findings. They avoid personal biases or preconceptions and instead rely on the data and analysis to draw conclusions.

Advantages of Research Paper

Research papers have many advantages, both for the individual researcher and for the broader academic and professional community. Here are some advantages of research papers:

• Contribution to knowledge: Research papers contribute to the body of knowledge in a particular field or discipline. They add new information, insights, and perspectives to existing literature and help advance the understanding of a particular phenomenon or issue.
• Opportunity for intellectual growth: Research papers provide an opportunity for intellectual growth for the researcher. They require critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity, which can help develop the researcher’s skills and knowledge.
• Career advancement: Research papers can help advance the researcher’s career by demonstrating their expertise and contributions to the field. They can also lead to new research opportunities, collaborations, and funding.
• Academic recognition: Research papers can lead to academic recognition in the form of awards, grants, or invitations to speak at conferences or events. They can also contribute to the researcher’s reputation and standing in the field.
• Impact on policy and practice: Research papers can have a significant impact on policy and practice. They can inform policy decisions, guide practice, and lead to changes in laws, regulations, or procedures.
• Advancement of society: Research papers can contribute to the advancement of society by addressing important issues, identifying solutions to problems, and promoting social justice and equality.

Limitations of Research Paper

Research papers also have some limitations that should be considered when interpreting their findings or implications. Here are some common limitations of research papers:

• Limited generalizability: Research findings may not be generalizable to other populations, settings, or contexts. Studies often use specific samples or conditions that may not reflect the broader population or real-world situations.
• Potential for bias : Research papers may be biased due to factors such as sample selection, measurement errors, or researcher biases. It is important to evaluate the quality of the research design and methods used to ensure that the findings are valid and reliable.
• Ethical concerns: Research papers may raise ethical concerns, such as the use of vulnerable populations or invasive procedures. Researchers must adhere to ethical guidelines and obtain informed consent from participants to ensure that the research is conducted in a responsible and respectful manner.
• Limitations of methodology: Research papers may be limited by the methodology used to collect and analyze data. For example, certain research methods may not capture the complexity or nuance of a particular phenomenon, or may not be appropriate for certain research questions.
• Publication bias: Research papers may be subject to publication bias, where positive or significant findings are more likely to be published than negative or non-significant findings. This can skew the overall findings of a particular area of research.
• Time and resource constraints: Research papers may be limited by time and resource constraints, which can affect the quality and scope of the research. Researchers may not have access to certain data or resources, or may be unable to conduct long-term studies due to practical limitations.

About the author

Muhammad Hassan

Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

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What is a Research Essay?

Research essays are an ⁤important part of academic writing, ⁣providing students with the opportunity to expand their knowledge on a given topic. A research essay ​requires a ⁢student to conduct in-depth analysis and synthesize⁣ relevant information from multiple‌ sources in order to provide⁢ evidence supporting ⁣their own argument or‍ position. While ⁢it can ‍be intimidating for some students who are⁤ unfamiliar with this ‌type of writing, approaching research essays strategically can help​ simplify the task and lead to more successful outcomes. In this ‍article we⁤ will discuss what a⁢ research essay is, how‍ it differs ​from other types of ⁣academic writings such as reports and reviews, what components make⁣ up effective ⁢ones as ​well‌ as ⁤useful tips for improving ⁢one’s⁢ ability to⁤ write⁤ them successfully.

• I. Introduction
• II. Definition of a Research Essay‌
• III. Purpose of a Research Essay
• IV. Structure and Formatting ⁣Requirements for a Research Essay ⁤
• V. Steps ⁤in the Writing Process ⁢for ⁤Creating a Quality Research Essay‌
• VI. Benefits of Completing a Comprehensive and Accurate ‌Research Project
• VII. Conclusion

II. Definition of a Research Essay

A research essay is⁣ a carefully constructed piece of academic writing that requires in-depth study and evaluation. As the name⁤ suggests, it is an⁤ exploration into a particular ⁢topic ​or ⁢idea ⁤using primary sources, such as books, journals and other materials⁣ to form conclusions on⁢ said topic.

What ​Does ‍It Involve?

• Identifying relevant scholarly material relating to the ⁤chosen subject ⁢matter⁤

⁤ ⁣ ​ ⁣ ‍ ‌ ⁤ ⁢ ⁤ `⁤

IV. Structure and Formatting Requirements⁢ for a ‍Research ​Essay

Research essays are an important component of academic writing that require students ‍to⁣ use evidence-based research and analysis.⁢ In‍ this ⁣section, we will​ outline the⁢ essential⁤ elements for formatting and structuring a research⁣ essay ​properly.

• The introduction should provide ⁤background information on the topic being researched, including any relevant historical or contextual information.
• A thesis‌ statement ‍must be included near the end ⁣of your introduction paragraph which states‍ your position ⁢on the subject matter discussed in the paper.
• Each body paragraph should include at least one cited‌ source from a credible publication such as ‍journal articles,‌ books ⁤or websites.

VI.⁢ Benefits ⁢of Completing a Comprehensive and Accurate Research Project

Undertaking a ​comprehensive and accurate ⁣research project can‍ bring numerous rewards.‍ It is not⁤ only an opportunity‍ for the researcher to learn ⁢more⁢ about their chosen field, but also provides others with⁣ valuable insights into that subject. Research essays are one of⁢ the primary means by which⁢ we share‍ information in an academic setting.

• It Enhances Critical ‍Thinking

Developing ⁣a research essay requires attention‌ to detail‌ and critical⁢ thinking skills. The process ⁢necessitates evaluating multiple sources of ⁢information while discerning what is important or relevant to ‍the ‍topic at ‌hand.

• Provides New Perspectives ‍

Through‌ careful review of data gathered during the researching stage,⁤ it may be possible for writers to offer fresh perspectives on⁤ existing ideas or⁣ challenge accepted theories; thus providing something novel within their respective discipline.

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How to Write a Research Essay

Last Updated: January 12, 2023 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Michelle Golden, PhD . Michelle Golden is an English teacher in Athens, Georgia. She received her MA in Language Arts Teacher Education in 2008 and received her PhD in English from Georgia State University in 2015. There are 11 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 384,689 times.

Research essays are extremely common assignments in high school, college, and graduate school, and are not unheard of in middle school. If you are a student, chances are you will sooner or later be faced with the task of researching a topic and writing a paper about it. Knowing how to efficiently and successfully do simple research, synthesize information, and clearly present it in essay form will save you many hours and a lot of frustration.

Researching a Topic

• Be sure to stay within the guidelines you are given by your teacher or professor. For example, if you are free to choose a topic but the general theme must fall under human biology, do not write your essay on plant photosynthesis.
• Stick with topics that are not overly complicated, especially if the subject is not something you plan to continue studying. There's no need to make things harder on yourself!

• Specialty books; these can be found at your local public or school library. A book published on your topic is a great resource and will likely be one of your most reliable options for finding quality information. They also contain lists of references where you can look for more information.
• Academic journals; these are periodicals devoted to scholarly research on a specific field of study. Articles in academic journals are written by experts in that field and scrutinized by other professionals to ensure their accuracy. These are great options if you need to find detailed, sophisticated information on your topic; avoid these if you are only writing a general overview.
• Online encyclopedias; the most reliable information on the internet can be found in online encyclopedias like Encyclopedia.com and Britannica.com. While online wikis can be very helpful, they sometimes contain unverified information that you should probably not rely upon as your primary resources.
• Expert interviews; if possible, interview an expert in the subject of your research. Experts can be professionals working in the field you are studying, professors with advanced degrees in the subject of interest, etc.

• Organize your notes by sub-topic to keep them orderly and so you can easily find references when you are writing.
• If you are using books or physical copies of magazines or journals, use sticky tabs to mark pages or paragraphs where you found useful information. You might even want to number these tabs to correspond with numbers on your note sheet for easy reference.
• By keeping your notes brief and simple, you can make them easier to understand and reference while writing. Don't make your notes so long and detailed that they essentially copy what's already written in your sources, as this won't be helpful to you.

• Sometimes the objective of your research will be obvious to you before you even begin researching the topic; other times, you may have to do a bit of reading before you can determine the direction you want your essay to take.
• If you have an objective in mind from the start, you can incorporate this into online searches about your topic in order to find the most relevant resources. For example, if your objective is to outline the environmental hazards of hydraulic fracturing practices, search for that exact phrase rather than just "hydraulic fracturing."

• Avoid asking your teacher to give you a topic. Unless your topic was assigned to you in the first place, part of the assignment is for you to choose a topic relevant to the broader theme of the class or unit. By asking your teacher to do this for you, you risk admitting laziness or incompetence.
• If you have a few topics in mind but are not sure how to develop objectives for some of them, your teacher can help with this. Plan to discuss your options with your teacher and come to a decision yourself rather than having him or her choose the topic for you from several options.

Organizing your Essay

• Consider what background information is necessary to contextualize your research topic. What questions might the reader have right out of the gate? How do you want the reader to think about the topic? Answering these kinds of questions can help you figure out how to set up your argument.
• Match your paper sections to the objective(s) of your writing. For example, if you are trying to present two sides of a debate, create a section for each and then divide them up according to the aspects of each argument you want to address.

• An outline can be as detailed or general as you want, so long as it helps you figure out how to construct the essay. Some people like to include a few sentences under each heading in their outline to create a sort of "mini-essay" before they begin writing. Others find that a simple ordered list of topics is sufficient. Do whatever works best for you.
• If you have time, write your outline a day or two before you start writing and come back to it several times. This will give you an opportunity to think about how the pieces of your essay will best fit together. Rearrange things in your outline as many times as you want until you have a structure you are happy with.

• Style guides tell you exactly how to quote passages, cite references, construct works cited sections, etc. If you are assigned a specific format, you must take care to adhere to guidelines for text formatting and citations.
• Some computer programs (such as EndNote) allow you to construct a library of resources which you can then set to a specific format type; then you can automatically insert in-text citations from your library and populate a references section at the end of the document. This is an easy way to make sure your citations match your assigned style format.

• You may wish to start by simply assigning yourself a certain number of pages per day. Divide the number of pages you are required to write by the number of days you have to finish the essay; this is the number of pages (minimum) that you must complete each day in order to pace yourself evenly.
• If possible, leave a buffer of at least one day between finishing your paper and the due date. This will allow you to review your finished product and edit it for errors. This will also help in case something comes up that slows your writing progress.

Writing your Essay

• Keep your introduction relatively short. For most papers, one or two paragraphs will suffice. For really long essays, you may need to expand this.
• Don't assume your reader already knows the basics of the topic unless it truly is a matter of common knowledge. For example, you probably don't need to explain in your introduction what biology is, but you should define less general terms such as "eukaryote" or "polypeptide chain."

• You may need to include a special section at the beginning of the essay body for background information on your topic. Alternatively, you can consider moving this to the introductory section, but only if your essay is short and only minimal background discussion is needed.
• This is the part of your paper where organization and structure are most important. Arrange sections within the body so that they flow logically and the reader is introduced to ideas and sub-topics before they are discussed further.
• Depending upon the length and detail of your paper, the end of the body might contain a discussion of findings. This kind of section serves to wrap up your main findings but does not explicitly state your conclusions (which should come in the final section of the essay).
• Avoid repetition in the essay body. Keep your writing concise, yet with sufficient detail to address your objective(s) or research question(s).

• Always use quotation marks when using exact quotes from another source. If someone already said or wrote the words you are using, you must quote them this way! Place your in-text citation at the end of the quote.
• To include someone else's ideas in your essay without directly quoting them, you can restate the information in your own words; this is called paraphrasing. Although this does not require quotation marks, it should still be accompanied by an in-text citation.

• Except for very long essays, keep your conclusion short and to the point. You should aim for one or two paragraphs, if possible.
• Conclusions should directly correspond to research discussed in the essay body. In other words, make sure your conclusions logically connect to the rest of your essay and provide explanations when necessary.
• If your topic is complex and involves lots of details, you should consider including a brief summary of the main points of your research in your conclusion.

• Making changes to the discussion and conclusion sections instead of the introduction often requires a less extensive rewrite. Doing this also prevents you from removing anything from the beginning of your essay that could accidentally make subsequent portions of your writing seem out of place.
• It is okay to revise your thesis once you've finished the first draft of your essay! People's views often change once they've done research on a topic. Just make sure you don't end up straying too far from your assigned topic if you do this.
• You don't necessarily need to wait until you've finished your entire draft to do this step. In fact, it is a good idea to revisit your thesis regularly as you write. This can save you a lot of time in the end by helping you keep your essay content on track.

• Computer software such as EndNote is available for making citation organization as easy and quick as possible. You can create a reference library and link it to your document, adding in-text citations as you write; the program creates a formatted works cited section at the end of your document.
• Be aware of the formatting requirements of your chosen style guide for works cited sections and in-text citations. Reference library programs like EndNote have hundreds of pre-loaded formats to choose from.

• Create a catchy title. Waiting until you have finished your essay before choosing a title ensures that it will closely match the content of your essay. Research papers don't always take on the shape we expect them to, and it's easier to match your title to your essay than vice-versa.
• Read through your paper to identify and rework sentences or paragraphs that are confusing or unclear. Each section of your paper should have a clear focus and purpose; if any of yours seem not to meet these expectations, either rewrite or discard them.
• Review your works cited section (at the end of your essay) to ensure that it conforms to the standards of your chosen or assigned style format. You should at least make sure that the style is consistent throughout this section.
• Run a spell checker on your entire document to catch any spelling or grammar mistakes you may not have noticed during your read-through. All modern word processing programs include this function.

• Note that revising your draft is not the same as proofreading it. Revisions are done to make sure the content and substantive ideas are solid; editing is done to check for spelling and grammar errors. Revisions are arguably a more important part of writing a good paper.
• You may want to have a friend, classmate, or family member read your first draft and give you feedback. This can be immensely helpful when trying to decide how to improve upon your first version of the essay.
• Except in extreme cases, avoid a complete rewrite of your first draft. This will most likely be counterproductive and will waste a lot of time. Your first draft is probably already pretty good -- it likely just needs some tweaking before it is ready to submit.

Community Q&A

• Avoid use of the word "I" in research essay writing, even when conveying your personal opinion about a subject. This makes your writing sound biased and narrow in scope. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• Even if there is a minimum number of paragraphs, always do 3 or 4 more paragraphs more than needed, so you can always get a good grade. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

• Never plagiarize the work of others! Passing off others' writing as your own can land you in a lot of trouble and is usually grounds for failing an assignment or class. Thanks Helpful 12 Not Helpful 1

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/common_writing_assignments/research_papers/choosing_a_topic.html
• ↑ https://libguides.mit.edu/select-topic
• ↑ https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/research-objectives
• ↑ https://www.hunter.cuny.edu/rwc/handouts/the-writing-process-1/organization/Organizing-an-Essay
• ↑ https://www.lynchburg.edu/academics/writing-center/wilmer-writing-center-online-writing-lab/the-writing-process/organizing-your-paper/
• ↑ https://www.mla.org/MLA-Style
• ↑ http://www.apastyle.org/
• ↑ https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/PlanResearchPaper.html
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa6_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/in_text_citations_the_basics.html
• ↑ https://opentextbc.ca/writingforsuccess/chapter/chapter-12-peer-review-and-final-revisions/
• ↑ https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/wrd/back-matter/creating-a-works-cited-page/

About This Article

The best way to write a research essay is to find sources, like specialty books, academic journals, and online encyclopedias, about your topic. Take notes as you research, and make sure you note which page and book you got your notes from. Create an outline for the paper that details your argument, various sections, and primary points for each section. Then, write an introduction, build the body of the essay, and state your conclusion. Cite your sources along the way, and follow the assigned format, like APA or MLA, if applicable. To learn more from our co-author with an English Ph.D. about how to choose a thesis statement for your research paper, keep reading! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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Research Essays: Overview

The further you go in college, the more research you will do, and the more research essays you will write. Being able to collect and synthesize research into our own writing are among the most important skills we learn in college. Finding and using research sources are skills that you will use throughout your professional and personal lives. For this reason, it’s important that you learn early in college to successfully compose an academic research essay.

Composing a complex and thoroughly researched essay provides opportunities for you to develop your critical thinking skills. No research essay can be successful without careful consideration of how evidence fits together into a cohesive whole. Writing an effective research essay also enhances our credibility as writers and communicators. Once you’re able to connect the research dots in order to make logical points about some larger significance, then you are better equipped to understand the world around you as well as help others understand the world around them, too.

Academic research essays are formal essays that engage with complex questions, research, and issues. When you write a research essay, you will go beyond just talking about a topic and transition to making informed claims about a topic. Readers expect that an academic research essays will have a clear focus, address a significant issue, include insightful research evidence, and explore the implications of the issue being addressed.

Before you begin writing a research essay, however, you need to conduct some research. The below chapters will help you better understand and navigate the research process:

• Starting Your Research Process
• Search Strategies
• Evaluating Information
• The Ethics of Information

Key Features

A singular focus and clear perspective.

Many writers enter college believing that broad, generalized topics are easier to research and write about: this could not be farther from the truth. Choosing a broad topic gives you, as well as your reader, no clear direction. You will find yourself aimlessly sifting through thousands of search results, struggling to pull disparate sources together into a logically organized essay. These challenges can be avoided by deciding on a singular focus and clear perspective early in the process.

Developing a Singular Focus and Clear Perspective

Imagine you are interested in animal conservation. That’s a good start, but far too broad of a topic for a research essay. From this initial interest, you might:

• Identify a specific type of animal. Let’s go with lions.
• Identify a specific type of lion. Let’s choose African lions.

At this point, you have a singular focus: African lions. But you’re not done. African lions is still too broad for a research topic. You need a clear perspective. From here, you might:

• Identify a serious threat to the lions. Let’s go with illegal hunting.
• Develop a perspective on the illegal hunting of African lions. Let’s try the impact of illegal hunting on African lion populations.

Now you would have a topic with singular focus and clear perspective that is researchable and will be much easier to organize into an effective essay.

As you develop your own research essay topic, use the above walkthrough to help develop a singular focus and clear perspective.

Formal Writing Style

While some of the writing you do in college will be more informal, such as personal essays or online discussions, academic research essays require us to adopt a formal writing style as we engage with complex questions, research, and issues. If you write your research essay the way you write text messages or how you chat with your friends, your readers will find your essay to be much less credible. In order to be taken seriously, you want your writing to come off as professional and authoritative rather than casual and underdeveloped.

Informative Tone and Objective Stance

While you will write argumentatively at various times throughout your college career, your purpose when writing an academic research essay is typically to inform, and this means that your stance should be objective. Since your goal is to inform, you will need to make clear claims about why readers need to know this information. As you write a research essay, you may provide new information on a known subject, provide historical context, clear up misconceptions, introduce the audience to something unknown, or develop a profile of a person, place, or object. Even though you should remain objective, research essays are usually written for a specific audience and purpose, so it’s your job to define the purpose and decide what kinds of information your audience needs and how best to present that information.

Credible Evidence That Suits Your Purpose

Without taking the necessary time to seek out and collect credible evidence about your topic, your research essay is unlikely to successfully inform readers. Academic research essays should rely almost exclusively on evidence in each section and paragraph, and the credibility and relevance of that evidence should be made clear to your reader. It’s your job to find not just any evidence related to your topic, but the evidence that suits your purpose for your audience. Your evidence, the information you use to support your main points, will most likely include a mix of sources from the college’s library collection as well as credible materials from the internet. Also keep in mind that you will, and should, find many more sources during your research process than you ultimately use in your essay. The first sources we find are rarely the best sources to use. It’s your job to identify which sources are are most suited for your topic and purpose.

A Logical Structure

Research essays need to be logically organized with a clear structure that creates connections between the different parts of your essay. When organizing a research essay, you will need to make careful rhetorical choices about the order in which you introduce ideas, define key terms, provide background information, and address key issues for your audience. Readers expect that research essays will guide them through the information logically, and your structure will be how you ensure that readers understand how topics and subtopics relate to your main focus.

As we write research essays, it’s vital that we use a detailed citation process in order to demonstrate to our readers where our supporting evidence comes from and why it’s credible. This process will involve citations at the end of your essay, but also, and just as importantly, in-text citations throughout your essay. Using in-text citations and signal phrases is necessary to successfully guide readers through the information you have collected in your essay. Without in-text citations, readers are completely lost as to where the information came from, why it’s credible, and how it connects to the main topic.

Drafting Checklists

These questions should help guide you through the stages of drafting your research essay.

• How will you develop a singular focus and clear perspective on your topic?
• What are some subtopics or related ideas you might need to learn more about during your research?
• In other words, who do you want to share this information with? And why should they care about your research?
• Are there key terms or concepts you will need to define or describe?
• Where should try to find this evidence?
• Why should your audience care about this evidence?
• Why those sources and not others?
• How will you use those sources in your essay?
• What subtopics might you cover throughout your essay?
• How might your start your essay?
• How might you end your essay?

Writing and Revising

• Does your title or intro paragraph effectively establish your focus and perspective?
• Have you clearly made connections between your topic and subtopics?
• Have you presented your research in the best way to guide readers through the information?
• Does your conclusion offer readers intriguing final takeaways to consider?
• Would your readers be confused at any point?
• Would readers find your tone and style to be professional and authoritative? Or too casual and informal?
• Have you avoided using any slang or other informal language that would detract from your credibility?
• Have you written your essay from an objective stance that avoids using personal opinions or arguing a position?
• Have you created correct works cited entries for all your sources?
• Have you used signal phrases and in-text citations to integrate sources into your essay?
• Would readers question the credibility or relevance of any of your sources?

Sources Used to Create this Chapter

Parts of this chapter were remixed from:

• First-Year Composition: Writing as Inquiry and Argumentation , by Jackie Hoermann-Elliott and Kathy Quesenbury, which was published under a CC-BY 4.0 license.

Starting the Journey: An Intro to College Writing Copyright © by Leonard Owens III; Tim Bishop; and Scott Ortolano is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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Essays on “hobbies” in German

• by Deutsch mit Leo
• 13 minute read

How to write an essay “My hobbies” in German or just talk about different hobbies in German, what words you may need and what basic rules you should keep in mind – in our today’s article, which will be useful not only for schoolchildren and students, but also for those who learn German as an adult .

Four things to keep in mind!

1.  Since we are writing about what has already happened, we will use the past tense or the perfect past ( Präteritum or Perfekt  – when to use what  ).  Präteritum , and this is the second form of the verb, is correct in writing and emphasizes the descriptive character.  Perfect , on the other hand , is used more in colloquial speech, and in writing it conveys the shade of a story or conversation.

2.  There is also an important grammatical feature worth remembering:  wenn and als temporary conjunctions  – “ when “.  Wenn  tells us about “when” that happens regularly, several times, every time.  Als  tells about a one-time event in the past.

3.  The essay format involves writing a related text, expressing opinions and wishes, as well as a touch of sincerity, so when you start writing, stock up on a set of cliché expressions and introductory words, a la “  Ich hoffe, dass…  “, “  Ich denke, …  “,”  Hoffentlich “, etc.

4.  It is also necessary to remember the grammatical difference between the questions “  where?  ” and “  Where?  “. “Where?” – WO?  – requires after itself strictly Dativ, and  “Where?” – WOHIN?  – supplemented in  Akkusativ .

Having discussed the main points of writing an essay, let’s move on to the necessary vocabulary.

The most basic:

• aufführen  —  to perform
• sammeln  —  to collect
• schreiben  —  to write
• konkurrieren  —  to compete
• spielen  — to play
• singen   — to sing
• Ski laufen  — to ski
• bowlen   — to bowl
• tanzen   — to dance
• fischen  — to fish
• zeichnen  — to draw
• mahlen   — to paint
• reisen  — to travel
• kochen  — to cook
• einkaufen  — to shop
• nähen  — to sew
• zocken   — to gamble
• campen gehen  — to camp
• fotografieren  — to photograph

Popular German hobbies

There are many popular German hobbies that people enjoy. Some of these hobbies include playing sports, hiking, biking, and spending time outdoors. Germany is a country with a rich culture and history, so it is no surprise that its citizens enjoy spending time doing things that are both fun and educational.

Playing sports is a popular German hobby. Football (soccer) is the most popular sport in the country, followed by basketball, handball, and volleyball. Germans love to watch and play sports, and many of them are very good at it.

Hiking is another popular German hobby. The country has a large number of forests and mountains, so there are plenty of places to explore. Germans often hike with friends or family, and it is a great way to get some exercise and fresh air.

Biking is also a popular German hobby. Germany has a large network of bike paths, and many people use bikes as their primary form of transportation. Biking is a great way to see the country and get some exercise.

Spending time outdoors is a popular German hobby. Germany has a temperate climate, so there are many opportunities to enjoy the outdoors. Germans often spend time in parks, forests, and mountains.

They also enjoy activities such as swimming, fishing, and camping. Germany is a country with a rich culture and history, so it is no surprise that its citizens enjoy spending time doing things that are both fun and educational. Playing sports, hiking, biking, and spending time outdoors are all popular German hobbies.

Example essays:

• Wandern – hiking.
• Tennis spielen – playing tennis.
• Gärtnerei – Gardening.
• Reisen – travelling

1. Wandern – hiking.

Mein Hobby ist das Wandern. Ich liebe die Natur und die frische Luft. Wandern ist eine großartige Möglichkeit, sich zu bewegen und die schöne Umgebung zu genießen.

Ich wandere normalerweise am Wochenende. Meistens treffe ich mich mit Freunden oder meiner Familie und wir gehen gemeinsam wandern. Manchmal mache ich aber auch alleine eine Wanderung. Das ist besonders dann schön, wenn ich in der Natur Ruhe finden möchte.

Für das Wandern braucht man nicht viel. Bequeme Schuhe und Kleidung sind natürlich wichtig, aber ansonsten benötigt man keine besonderen Ausrüstungsgegenstände.

Ich finde das Wandern ist ein sehr schönes Hobby, weil man dabei die Natur genießen und sich gleichzeitig gut bewegen kann. Es ist auch ein sehr geselliges Hobby, da man es gemeinsam mit anderen Leuten machen kann.

Translation

My hobby is hiking. I love nature and the fresh air. Hiking is a great way to get exercise and enjoy the beautiful surroundings.

I usually go hiking at the weekend. I usually meet up with friends or family and we go hiking together. But sometimes I also go on a hike by myself. This is especially nice when I want to find peace in nature.

You don’t need much for hiking. Comfortable shoes and clothes are important, of course, but apart from that you don’t need any special equipment.

I think hiking is a very nice hobby because you can enjoy nature and get good exercise at the same time. It is also a very sociable hobby because you can do it together with other people.

2. Tennis spielen – playing tennis.

Mein Hobby ist Tennis. Ich spiele Tennis, weil ich es gerne mache und weil ich gesund bleiben möchte. Tennis ist ein guter Sport für die Gesundheit. Man muss sich nicht nur körperlich, sondern auch mental anstrengen.

Ich spiele Tennis, seit ich ein kleines Kind bin. Meine Eltern haben mich zum Tennisspielen mitgenommen. Sie sind sehr stolz auf mich, weil ich Tennis so gut spiele.

Ich spiele Tennis jeden Tag. Ich stehe um sechs Uhr auf und gehe zum Tennisplatz. Dort treffe ich meine Freunde und wir spielen zusammen.

Wir spielen immer bis zum Mittag. Dann gehen wir nach Hause und essen zusammen.

Tennis ist ein sehr teurer Sport. Man braucht einen Tennisplatz, einen Ball und einen Schläger. Manchmal muss man auch einen Trainer bezahlen.

Tennis ist ein sehr sozialer Sport. Man trifft viele Menschen und lernt sie kennen. Man kann auch mit anderen Menschen Freundschaften schließen.

Translation:

My hobby is tennis. I play tennis because I like doing it and because I want to stay healthy. Tennis is a good sport for your health. You have to make an effort not only physically but also mentally.

I’ve been playing tennis since I was a little kid. My parents took me to play tennis. They are very proud of me because I play tennis so well.

I play tennis every day. I get up at six o’clock and go to the tennis court. There I meet my friends and we play together. We always play until noon. Then we go home and have dinner together.

Tennis is a very expensive sport. You need a tennis court, a ball and a racket. Sometimes you also have to pay a coach.

Tennis is a very social sport. You meet a lot of people and get to know them. You can also make friends with other people.

3. Gärtnerei – Gardening

Der kleine Garten vor meinem Haus ist das Ergebnis meines Lieblingshobbys, der Gärtnerei. Gartenarbeit ist mein Lieblingshobby. Ich denke, es ist das beste aller Hobbys, dem man mit viel Vergnügen und Nutzen für die Gesundheit nachgehen kann. Ich habe einen kleineren Garten angelegt, der Spaß macht und der Gesundheit zugute kommt. Ich habe einen kleinen Garten vor meinem Haus angelegt. Wenn ich in meinem kleinen Garten sitze, ist das eine große Freude. Süße duftende Blumen in verschiedenen Farben versüßen mir das Gemüt. Er hilft mir in vieler Hinsicht. Bei der Arbeit im Garten verbringe ich nicht nur meine Zeit sinnvoller, sondern verbessere auch meine Gesundheit, denn ich treibe unwillkürlich Sport. Es bringt mich der Natur näher und ich fühle mich verloren in der Schönheit der Blüten und Blumen um mich herum.

Der Garten vor meinem Haus ist wahrlich klein, aber trotzdem bin ich stolz auf das Ergebnis meiner eigenen harten Arbeit. Es gibt kleinere Blumenbeete, in denen ich saisonale Blumen anpflanze. Wenn die Pflanzen blühen, fühle ich einen Schauer der Freude und bin stolz auf meine kreative Arbeit. Wann immer einer meiner Freunde mich etwas über die Aussaat und Pflege von Pflanzen fragt, gebe ich ihm mit Freude Informationen. Ich gebe ihm mit freudigen Gefühlen Auskunft.

Umgeben von den Blumenbeeten gibt es eine kleinere Rasenfläche mit weichem, samtgrünem Gras. Ich mag diesen Rasen sehr und bin stolz darauf, dass er gepflegt, ordentlich und sauber ist. Abends sitzen wir auf dieser Wiese und plaudern und diskutieren über verschiedene Dinge. Am Rande der Wiese habe ich Obstbäume gepflanzt. Einige der Obstbäume tragen Früchte, aber die meisten sind noch jung. Wenn einer meiner Freunde kommt, biete ich ihm voller Stolz die Früchte aus meinem eigenen Garten an. Die Trauben, Guaven und Granatäpfel aus meinem Garten sind sehr süß und saftig. Letztes Jahr habe ich einen Mangobaum gepflanzt, der zur Überraschung meiner Freunde, Verwandten und sogar meiner selbst dieses Jahr Früchte getragen hat. Wenn heutzutage ein Besucher in mein Haus kommt, zeige ich ihm voller Stolz den kaum zwei Meter hohen Baum, der die Früchte trägt. Dieser kleine Garten ist ein Ort, an dem ich Frieden und Glück finde.

The small garden in front of my house is the result of my favourite hobby, gardening. Gardening is my favourite hobby. I think it is the best of all hobbies to pursue with a lot of pleasure and health benefits. I have started a smaller garden which is fun and beneficial to health. I have created a small garden in front of my house. When I sit in my small garden, it is a great joy. Sweet smelling flowers in different colours sweeten my mind. It helps me in many ways. When I work in the garden, I not only spend my time more wisely, but also improve my health because I involuntarily exercise. It brings me closer to nature and I feel lost in the beauty of the blossoms and flowers around me.

The garden in front of my house is truly small, but nevertheless I am proud of the result of my own hard work. There are smaller flower beds where I plant seasonal flowers. When the plants bloom, I feel a shiver of joy and am proud of my creative work. Whenever one of my friends asks me something about sowing and caring for plants, I give him information with joy. I give him information with joyful feelings.

Surrounded by the flower beds, there is a smaller lawn with soft, velvety green grass. I like this lawn very much and am proud that it is well-kept, neat and clean. In the evenings we sit on this lawn and chat and discuss various things. At the edge of the meadow I have planted fruit trees. Some of the fruit trees bear fruit, but most of them are still young. When one of my friends comes, I proudly offer him the fruits from my own garden. The grapes, guavas and pomegranates from my garden are very sweet and juicy. Last year I planted a mango tree which has borne fruit this year to the surprise of my friends, relatives and even myself. These days, when a visitor comes to my house, I proudly show him the tree that is barely two metres high and bears the fruit. This little garden is a place where I find peace and happiness.

4. Reisen – travelling

Reisen ist eine der wenigen Aktivitäten, die eine Art Reset-Knopf in unserem Leben darstellen. Man geht für ein paar Tage oder Wochen weg und kommt frisch und bereit zurück, sich den Anforderungen des Lebens zu stellen. Für viele Menschen ist das Reisen eher eine Frage der Bequemlichkeit als eine Freizeitbeschäftigung. Sie reisen nur dann, wenn sie ein Geschäft haben, um das sie sich kümmern müssen. Reisen ist auch nichts für Eskapisten, wie viele Menschen zu glauben pflegen. Ich verwende das Wort “Eskapisten” nicht im literarischen Sinne des Wortes, sondern im Sinne von Menschen, die vor ihren Problemen davonlaufen. Reisen ist ein Hobby wie jedes andere.

Die meisten Menschen verstehen nicht, dass das Fortbewegen von einem Ort zum anderen mit unterhaltsamen Aktivitäten wie Filme schauen, Schwimmen, Tanzen oder Zeichnen gleichzusetzen ist. Obwohl es mehr Herausforderungen als andere Hobbys mit sich bringt, ist es abenteuerlicher und bringt denjenigen, die es lieben, das gleiche Maß an Zufriedenheit oder mehr.

Reisen war schon immer Teil unserer Familientradition. Meine Eltern haben uns von klein auf beigebracht, wie wichtig es ist, mindestens einmal im Jahr in den Urlaub zu fahren. Obwohl sie sich wünschten, wir könnten jedes Jahr viele Reisen machen, waren wir finanziell nicht gut gestellt, und meine Eltern mussten mit dem Wenigen, das sie hatten, kreativ umgehen und manchmal das ganze Jahr für eine einzige Reise sparen. Wir hätten Kreditkarten benutzen können, aber das hätte uns nur noch mehr in finanzielle Nöte gestürzt. Mein Vater war sehr streng, wenn es um Finanzen ging, und er warnte uns davor, Schulden zu machen, um Luxusgüter zu kaufen. Wenn wir etwas wollten, mussten wir kreative und legale Wege finden, um das Geld dafür zu verdienen.

Obwohl wir nicht viel hatten, war Geld für ihn nie eine Ausrede. Meine Eltern fanden kreative Wege, um mit dem Budget auszukommen. So fuhren wir zum Beispiel mit dem Auto zu unserem Zielort, anstatt zu fliegen, und wir nahmen die hausgemachten Mahlzeiten meiner Mutter mit. Wir haben nur selten Kreditkarten benutzt, und wenn, dann ging es um Leben und Tod. Die meisten unserer Urlaube fanden daher in den Dezemberferien statt. Das waren die schönsten Tage in meinem Leben. Es waren auch die Tage, an denen unsere Familienbande gestärkt wurden. Wir stritten und zankten uns, aber am Ende kamen wir immer wieder zusammen und fanden eine Lösung.

Auf diesen Reisen lernten wir mehr über das Leben als in den Jahren, die wir zu Hause verbrachten. Was ich gerade gesagt habe, mag für jemanden, der nicht viel reist, weit hergeholt erscheinen, wenn man die Kürze der Ferien bedenkt, aber die Realität ist, dass Ferien nie wie geplant verlaufen. Der Urlaub ist weit entfernt von der normalen Lebensroutine, die darin besteht, morgens aufzuwachen, zur Arbeit/Schule zu gehen und abends wieder nach Hause zu kommen. Ein Urlaub ist mit vielen Risiken verbunden. Man ist in einem fremden Land mit neuen Menschen und einer neuen Kultur. Sie müssen mit den wenigen Mitteln, die Ihnen zur Verfügung stehen, arbeiten, um die Reise so unterhaltsam wie möglich zu gestalten, aber mit einem gewissen Maß an Einschränkungen, damit Ihre Familie nicht gestrandet ist.

Das Schöne am Reisen ist, dass man nie ganz aus ihm herauswachsen kann. Ich fahre auch als Erwachsener noch in den Urlaub, auch wenn meine Gründe vielleicht etwas anders sind als die meiner Eltern. Abgesehen von dem offensichtlichen Grund, dass ich mich amüsieren und vom Alltagsstress ablenken will, setzt der Urlaub in mir die “kreativen Säfte” frei. Als Schriftstellerin neige ich dazu, mich ausgebrannt zu fühlen, wenn ich zu lange in der gleichen Umgebung lebe. Manchmal brauche ich einen Tapetenwechsel, damit meine künstlerische Arbeit das Licht der Welt erblicken kann. In der Welt der Literatur ist bekannt, dass die meisten der besten Schriftsteller ihre besten Ideen in fremden Ländern hatten.

Ich mache gelegentlich nur deshalb Urlaub, um andere Kulturen kennen zu lernen und mit anderen Menschen in Kontakt zu kommen, um Ideen für meine literarische Arbeit zu bekommen. Außerdem lernt man seine Heimat umso mehr zu schätzen, wenn man sie nicht mehr kennt. Das Gefühl, das man nach einem Urlaub hat, wenn man sich auf der Couch niederlässt und einfach nur entspannt, ist unbezahlbar. Wenn man reist, lernt man die Menschen und ihre Kulturen schätzen, und vor allem lernt man sein Leben und das Wenige, das man hat, zu schätzen.

Travelling is one of the few activities that is a kind of reset button in our lives. You go away for a few days or weeks and come back fresh and ready to face the demands of life. For many people, travel is more about convenience than leisure. They only travel when they have a business to attend to. Travelling is also not for escapists, as many people tend to believe. I use the word “escapists” not in the literary sense of the word, but in the sense of people who run away from their problems. Travelling is a hobby like any other.

Most people don’t understand that moving from one place to another equates to enjoyable activities like watching movies, swimming, dancing or drawing. Although it brings more challenges than other hobbies, it is more adventurous and brings the same level of satisfaction or more to those who love it.

Travelling has always been part of our family tradition. My parents taught us from a young age the importance of going on holiday at least once a year. Although they wished we could take many trips each year, we were not well off financially and my parents had to be creative with what little they had, sometimes saving all year for a single trip. We could have used credit cards, but that would only have put us in more financial hardship. My father was very strict when it came to finances and he warned us not to go into debt to buy luxuries. If we wanted something, we had to find creative and legal ways to earn the money for it.

Although we didn’t have much, money was never an excuse for him. My parents found creative ways to get by on a budget. For example, we drove to our destination by car instead of flying, and we took my mother’s home-cooked meals with us. We rarely used credit cards, and when we did, it was a matter of life and death. Most of our holidays therefore took place during the December holidays. Those were the best days of my life. They were also the days when our family bonds were strengthened. We argued and bickered, but in the end we always came back together and found a solution.

We learned more about life on those trips than in the years we spent at home. What I just said may seem far-fetched to someone who doesn’t travel much, considering the shortness of holidays, but the reality is that holidays never go as planned. Holidays are a far cry from the normal routine of life, which is to wake up in the morning, go to work/school and come back home in the evening. A holiday comes with many risks. You are in a foreign country with new people and a new culture. You have to work with the few resources you have to make the trip as fun as possible, but with a certain amount of restrictions so that your family is not stranded.

The beauty of travel is that you can never quite outgrow it. I still go on holiday as an adult, although my reasons may be a little different to those of my parents. Apart from the obvious reason that I want to have fun and distract myself from the stresses of everyday life, holidays release the “creative juices” in me. As a writer, I tend to feel burnt out when I live in the same environment for too long. Sometimes I need a change of scenery so that my artistic work can see the light of day. In the world of literature, it is well known that most of the best writers had their best ideas in foreign countries.

I occasionally go on holiday just to get to know other cultures and come into contact with other people, to get ideas for my literary work. Besides, you learn to appreciate your home country all the more when you don’t know it anymore. The feeling you get after a holiday when you settle down on the couch and just relax is priceless. When you travel, you learn to appreciate the people and their cultures, and most of all, you learn to appreciate your life and the little you have.

More essays to come.

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Home — Essay Types — Research Essay

Research Essay Examples

In the realm of academia, selecting the right research essay topics is the foundation of a successful research project. These topics encompass a broad spectrum of contemporary issues, offering ample opportunities for in-depth analysis and exploration. Choose a subject that resonates with your interests and aligns with your academic goals, and you'll be on your way to crafting a compelling research essay that contributes valuable insights to your chosen field of study.

For instance, when exploring research essay topics, consider seeking out research topic essay examples related to your chosen subject. Examining well-crafted research essays can provide valuable insights into effective research methodologies, structure, and writing styles, helping you refine your own research and writing skills. These examples serve as guides and sources of inspiration as you embark on your academic exploration and contribute to the body of knowledge in your field.

To further assist your research journey, consider seeking out research essay examples related to your chosen topic. Examining well-crafted research essays can provide valuable insights into effective research methodologies, structure, and writing styles, helping you refine your own research and writing skills. These examples serve as guides and sources of inspiration as you embark on your academic exploration and contribute to the body of knowledge in your field.

Research Topics to Write About

When choosing research essay topics, it is important to consider your own interests and expertise. You should also make sure that there is enough information available on the topic to support your research. Here are some research topics that you may want to write about:

History and Society

• The rise and fall of empires
• The causes of revolutions
• The impact of colonialism on indigenous peoples
• The role of women in history
• The history of civil rights movements

More myriad of interesting US history topics on the blog

Literature and Art

• The influence of technology on art
• The role of the artist in society
• The relationship between art and politics
• The evolution of different literary genres
• The interpretation of famous works of art

Biology Research Topics

• The impact of climate change on biodiversity
• Genetic engineering in agriculture
• Neuroplasticity and learning
• Microbial ecology of the human gut
• Evolutionary origins of human behavior

For more biology research topics , check out our blog where you'll discover even more intriguing ideas and research directions in this fascinating science!

Business and Economics

• The impact of globalization on the world economy
• The challenges of income inequality
• The future of the workplace
• The ethics of business
• The role of government in the economy

Psychology and Education

• The nature of intelligence
• The causes of mental illness
• The effectiveness of different teaching methods
• The role of technology in education
• The importance of early childhood education

Choosing a Research Essay Topics

Choosing a research topic should combine personal interest with feasibility and potential contribution. Align your curiosity with your field of study, narrowing down to a specific, manageable question. Ensure sufficient credible sources exist for your research, and consider if you can realistically complete it within constraints. Evaluate your topic's originality and importance. Consult advisors for guidance, and be open to adapting your focus as needed. Remember, finding the right topic is an iterative process, so explore and refine as you go.

The craft of writing a compelling research essay is both an art and science. Such essays are foundational to academia and the broader professional landscape. By examining solid research essay examples , writers can gain insights into structuring their own work more effectively.

Research essays play a pivotal role in academic and professional circles. Their structure, backed by clarity and robust evidence, holds the power to influence, inform, and educate readers. With a well-written research essay example in hand, students and professionals alike can better understand their role and significance.

In addition to traditional research essays, another important genre is proposal essays. These essays outline plans for future research or projects, providing a framework for addressing specific issues or questions. By carefully crafting a proposal essay , writers can effectively communicate their objectives, methods, and anticipated outcomes, garnering support and funding for their endeavors.

What is Research Essay Example

A research essay is a type of academic writing that involves an in-depth investigation into a specific topic or question. It requires the writer to gather and analyze relevant information, present arguments, and draw conclusions based on their research findings. Here’s an example of a research essay in PDF :

This research essay sample provides an example of how to structure and discuss a topic while incorporating research findings and analysis. Remember that the specific format and requirements for research essays may vary depending on the academic institution or guidelines provided by your instructor.

What Makes a Good Research Essay

1️⃣ Structure of a Research Essay

A standard research essay comprises three main segments:

• Introduction : Presents the topic and posits a thesis
• Body : Delves into arguments, evidence, and analysis
• Conclusion : Wraps up the discussion and revisits the thesis

Let’s proceed with the structure guidelines for a research essay, which should encompass the following sections:

This research essay structure is designed to guide your writing process and ensure that your arguments are presented logically and persuasively while maintaining objectivity and integrity in your research.

2️⃣ Importance of Citing Sources

Citing your sources isn’t merely a formality; it lends credibility to your arguments and respects the original authors’ contributions. Through accurate citations, a research essay example can also avoid plagiarism and uphold academic integrity.

10 Expert Tips to Craft the Perfect Research Essay Example

Research essays require finding, evaluating, and integrating source material to support an analytical thesis. This process demands care and effort. Use these tips to write top-quality research essays.

• Start with a Clear Thesis Statement. Your thesis acts as the guiding star of your essay. For instance, a compelling research essay example would kick off with a concise and debatable thesis, immediately grabbing the reader’s attention.
• Use Reliable Sources. Quality over quantity always holds. Ensure your sources are credible. Perusing research paper examples can offer insights into sourcing reputable references.
• Organize Ideas with an Outline . Outlining can serve as a roadmap, guiding you through your essay’s journey. Many sample research essay structures emphasize the importance of a coherent flow of ideas.
• Draft with Clarity and Precision . Your words should clearly convey your message. Keeping examples of research essays as benchmarks can ensure your content is both clear and impactful.
• Incorporate Multiple Points of View. A comprehensive essay considers various perspectives. This not only strengthens your argument but also makes for a more rounded research essay example.
• Use Transition Words for Flow. Transition words act as the glue between your ideas. For instance, a research paper example might employ words like ‘however,’ ‘moreover,’ and ‘consequently’ to ensure smooth navigation.
• Ensure Proper Formatting . Consistency in formatting – be it APA, MLA, or Chicago – is essential. A polished research essay example adheres strictly to formatting rules, enhancing readability.
• Edit and Revise Multiple Times. Perfection comes with revision. Always iterate and refine your draft.
• Seek Peer Reviews . Fresh eyes can spot overlooked errors or provide new perspectives. Feedback can also enhance the quality of your research paper example.
• Reference Research Paper Examples . By studying multiple research paper examples and examples of research essays, you can understand common structures, styles, and tones in the field.

Over-generalization, neglecting counterarguments, or providing superficial evidence are common pitfalls in research essays. Always consult diverse research paper examples to understand and sidestep these mistakes.

Research Essay Writing Checklist

By following this checklist, you can better prepare yourself to critically evaluate research essay examples in a way that is aligned with your research goals and standards.

Be sure to review your grading rubric carefully, and consider studying at least one freely available research essay example. This will aid you in comparing the given guidelines with your specific task as you embark on the writing process.

Using these research and writing strategies will boost essay quality. Crafting a well-structured research essay is pivotal for academic and professional success. By harnessing the power of sample research essay resources and various research paper examples, anyone can elevate their writing and convey their arguments compellingly.

Additionally, writers can also benefit from exploring other genres of essays. Unlike research essays, which focus on presenting evidence and analysis, personal narrative essays allow writers to share personal experiences, reflections, and insights. These essays offer a unique opportunity for self-expression and storytelling, enabling writers to connect with readers on a deeper emotional level.

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Research Unit 7: The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health

Introduction In recent years, the rise of social media platforms has revolutionized the way people communicate, share information, and connect with each other. With the click of a button, individuals can instantly access a wealth of information and stay connected with friends and family. While…

Chasing Optimism: Research Paper

Introduction Optimism is a fundamental aspect of human psychology that influences individuals’ behaviors, emotions, and overall well-being. It is the belief that favorable outcomes are more likely to occur, and it has been studied extensively by researchers in various fields, including psychology, sociology, and neuroscience….

The Titanic Research Paper

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Operation Honey Badger Research Paper

Operation Honey Badger was a military operation conducted by the United Nations forces during the Yugoslav Wars in 1992. The aim of the operation was to provide humanitarian aid and protect the civilian population in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was experiencing a severe humanitarian crisis…

Ultrasound Technician Research Paper

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Puppy Mills Research Paper

Puppy mills are commercial dog breeding facilities that prioritize profit over the well-being of the animals. These establishments often keep dogs in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions, leading to a myriad of health and behavioral issues. Despite the widespread awareness of the unethical practices associated with…

Fear of Lizards Research Paper

Lizards, with their scaly skin and darting movements, often evoke fear in some individuals. This fear, known as herpetophobia, is a specific phobia characterized by an irrational and intense fear of reptiles, particularly lizards. While fear of lizards may seem insignificant to some, it can…

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Introduction Disease research is a critical aspect of medical science and public health. It involves the investigation of diseases, their causes, mechanisms, and potential treatments. This essay outlines a research project on a specific disease, discussing the background, research objectives, methodology, and potential impact of…

How do you write a research essay?

Just like any research paper that a college student encounters, you must follow the classic pattern of “Introduction - Thesis - 3 Body Paragraphs - Conclusion”. Some cases may differ, depending on what you have been asked to do, yet a research paper is the one where you must synthesize available information and make a strong argument regarding the main topic or subject of your research. Check our research paper example to see how the sources and evidence are incorporated and mixed with the author’s opinion. Remember about formatting and style requirements in terms of indents and the spaces.

What is a research essay?

Unlike reflective or comparative writing, the research essay will always contain a strict academic structure. An example of a research paper usually represents writing with a thesis statement that makes a proposal, assumption, or uses a strong argument about some scientific idea. It is usually not written in the first person since an author must combine various resources, include quotations, and implement evidence to support certain ideas. The presence of focus on the ideas and the analysis of information is what makes it stand apart from the author-based essay writing.

What is an example of research?

In short, research always implements a certain methodology. While there is no universal formula that would explain what does the research mean in writing, it is sufficient to say that research must contain a topic, strong thesis statement (or an argument), a list of reliable sources, a counter-argument paragraph (if relevant) and the conclusion where information is summed up and stated in a clearer or simpler way. Check our college research paper example to examine the structure in practice and see the key differences when compared to the usual college essay papers.

How do I choose a research topic?

Select a topic that interests you and is relevant to your field of study. Ensure it's specific enough to be manageable but broad enough to find sufficient research material.

What's the structure of a research essay?

Typically, it includes an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. However, structure may vary depending on the assignment or guidelines.

What's the purpose of the introduction?

The introduction introduces your topic, provides context, and states your research question or thesis. It should engage readers and set the stage for your essay.

The most popular topics for Research Essay

• Climate Change
• Discrimination
• Criminal Justice
• Gun Control
• Natural Disasters
• Student Loan Debt
• Teenage Pregnancy
• Animal Testing
• Vaccination
• Racial Profiling
• Police Brutality

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