master degree vs research

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💡 Taught Masters vs Research Masters:

There are many types of Master’s degrees, and most of these are Taught Masters . In the United Kingdom, such programmes are also called postgraduate taught or PGT for short. They typically require completing a set number of modules and a thesis (also called dissertation), plus sometimes work experience through a placement. The type of dissertation you will undertake will depend on the type of Master’s degree you are enrolled in, and might for example include your own small research project. Most postgraduate taught degrees have these elements of independent work and research to varying extents.

In contrast, a Research Master ’ s degree will focus on, you guessed it, research. In the UK, such programmes are also called postgraduate research or PGR (although this term may also refer to doctorate programmes). Rather than attending classes every semester and completing module assignments, you will need to focus on an independent research project – under supervision, of course. The course will still include a few taught modules, most often on research methodologies, but it will require you to work independently for most of the time.

Master’s degrees in the UK are usually one year full-time or two years part-time, but in other countries the duration may differ.

Remember: A final dissertation will be compulsory for all Master ’ s degrees. However, a dissertation for an MRes will typically be longer than that for an MA or MSc.

Typically, Research Masters will lead to an MRes degree. At some universities, however, you'll instead be awarded an MPhil (Master of Philosophy) or MLitt (Master of Letters). For more information, have a look at our detailed glossary.

🤔 Is a Research Master’s the same as a PhD?

No, a Research Master’s degree is not the same as a PhD. Although for both degrees you will need to complete a dissertation based on an independent research project, there are notable differences:

• The first difference is the duration : A Master’s degree will typically last one to two years, while a PhD usually takes up about three to five years. The research project you’ll undertake during a doctorate degree will therefore be longer and broader than one you would pursue in a Master’s degree.
• As a PhD student, you’re expected to publish research papers in journals before you are awarded your degree. MRes students might occasionally do that during or after their studies, but it’s rarely obligatory.
• As a PhD student, you’ll most often be expected to take on other duties , such as teaching.

If you wish to pursue doctoral research and a career in academia, a research Master’s degree could be a great option for you as it will allow you to get to grips with and gather valuable experience and training on independent research early on in your studies.

👀 Overview: What’s the difference?

There are a few differences between Taught Masters and Research Masters , and not all of them are obvious.

The table below outlines some of the main elements to consider when choosing which of the two degrees to pursue after your Bachelor’s degree:

Study in Europe: Find your Master ’ s degrees

🏛️ Which should you choose?

The choice between a taught Master’s and a research Master’s depends on a few factors.

• First of all, do you enjoy research more than coursework? Then an MRes may be more suitable – but remember that any Master’s degree, especially an MSc, will have a research component.
• Then, it’s crucial to understand how you like to work and study. Do you particularly enjoy working independently? Perhaps then you can consider an MRes. In a taught Master’s, you’ll have a more solid structure, timetables and regular deadlines to keep you on track, but these may not be as readily available during an MRes, so consider which environment you are more likely to thrive in.  
• Another important consideration is what you want to do after your Master’s degree. If you want to enter the labour market immediately, and you are not particularly interested in focusing on research training, then perhaps a taught Master’s degree is more suited.

💸 Is there a difference in fees between Taught and Research Masters?

No, normally, you won’t find a huge difference in tuition fees between taught and research Master’s degrees. Only in some instances, Postgraduate Research Masters tend to be cheaper.

📝 Can I do a PhD after taking a Taught Master’s Degree?

Yes, you can pursue a PhD after any type of Master’s course, provided that you have a degree in a relevant subject. All taught postgraduate degrees involve some independent work and research, especially for your dissertation, which will prepare you for further research should you choose to pursue a PhD.

Some taught Masters require more independent research work than others, particularly when it comes to the dissertation after completing the taught modules. Consult the curriculum or ask admissions staff to get a better idea of what to expect.

While a taught Master’s degree won’t prevent you from doing a PhD further down the line, it’s vital that you have a good idea of what requirements you will have to fulfil in order to be admitted to the PhD, and how you can best prepare.

If you already have a clear idea of what field you’d like to conduct your doctoral research in, you could take advantage of the joint Master’s – PhD programmes on offer at some universities.

These four-year programmes – also called “combined” or “integrated” degrees – offer the chance to complete a Master’s degree in the first year and to progress seamlessly to PhD research in the next three.

Looking for Masters in Europe? Have a look at these English-taught degrees 👀

Author: Claudia Civinini

Claudia has many years of experience as a reporter and writer on international education and student mobility. Originally from Italy, she holds a BA in Communication and Media Studies from the University of Genova; a Graduate Diploma in Education, Secondary Education and Teaching from the Australian Catholic University; and a joint MSc in Educational Neuroscience from UCL and Birkbeck, University of London. Claudia has previously worked as Chief Reporter for the English Language Gazette, as Senior Reporter for the PIE News (Professionals in International Education), and as Reporter for Tes.

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Taught vs research masters: What's the difference and which should I choose?

Table of contents, 1. taught masters meaning, 2. popular taught master courses, 1. research masters meaning, 2. popular research master courses, 1. curriculum and structure, 2. coursework, 3. duration, 3. specialisation, 4. supervision, 5. employability, taught vs research masters: which should you choose, 1. career aspirations, 2. interest in research, 3. program structure, 4. academic background, 5. time commitment, postgraduate taught vs research, can i do a phd after taking a taught masters, taught vs research masters: fee difference, frequently asked questions.

So you’ve decided you want to do a masters degree and you have a rough idea of which courses you like the sound of and where you might want to study. So all that’s left to do now is apply, right?

Not quite. There’s actually one more decision to make, that you might not even have known about in the first place: would you rather study a taught or research masters?

Both course types involve a high level of academic study and independent work . However, a taught course offers a more familiar structure and a wider variety of subjects. It also offers more assessment modules than a research-based course, which puts more focus on in-depth research and writing. Not sure which option to choose? We’ve got you covered. Without further ado, here are the difference between taught and research masters, so you can choose the course that’s best for you.

Also Read: Canada vs USA for masters

What is a taught master's degree?

As the name suggests, the majority of a taught masters course revolves around a series of modules, each with seminars, lectures and assignments or exams.

Most taught masters degrees will also generally require you to complete a final dissertation or major research project. In other words, a masters taught degree is like a continuation of an undergraduate degree.

Also Read: 6 Masters degrees in Engineering Management that will change your life

• Master of Business Administration (MBA)
• Master of Science (MSc)
• Master of Arts (MA)
• Master of Engineering (MEng)
• Master of Public Health (MPH)

What is a research masters degree?

A research masters is very different, both in terms of course content and structure. Rather than taking a variety of modules, each with a mixture of exams and coursework, the progression of a research masters is more fluid. You may start the course with an introductory module or set of classes focusing on developing your research and writing skills, but after that, you’ll likely have little to no timetabled hours. Instead, you will be spending your time working independently on one or more extended research projects.

• Master of Research (MRes)
• Master of Philosophy (MPhil)

Taught vs research masters

Taught masters and research masters are two distinct types of masters programs that offer different approaches to education and learning. Here are the main difference between taught and research masters:

Taught masters are structured programs with a predetermined curriculum. Students take a set of modules or courses covering specific subject areas relevant to their field of study. These programs are more structured and organised, with clear learning outcomes. Unlike taught masters, research masters offer more flexibility in terms of the curriculum. Students have more freedom to design their research project within the scope of their field of study.

The focus of taught masters is on coursework, where students attend lectures, seminars, and workshops. They are assessed through exams, assignments, projects, and sometimes a dissertation or thesis. The centrepiece of a research master's program is the research project or thesis. Students are required to conduct independent research under the guidance of a supervisor or mentor.

Taught masters typically last one to two years , depending on the country and the program's requirements. Research masters may take longer to complete than Taught Masters due to the in-depth research and analysis involved.

Students often choose a specialisation within the field, but their coursework is determined by the university or department. Research masters are more research-oriented, with a significant emphasis on original research and exploration of a particular subject area.

While students have access to academic staff for guidance and support, they generally have less individualised supervision than in research-focused programs. Research masters offer more individualised supervision and mentorship as students work closely with their research advisors throughout the process.

Taught masters are generally designed to enhance employability by providing students with practical skills and knowledge relevant to their chosen career path. Research masters are often considered a pathway to a Ph.D. or further research-based careers in academia or industry.

Here's a table summarising the key difference between taught and research masters:

When it comes to deciding between a taught or research masters, you should first ask yourself what motivates you to study and what you’ve enjoyed most about your undergraduate degree. If your favourite part of your degree was researching and writing a dissertation, and you want to further develop your academic skills and potentially go on to do a PhD then it’s worth looking into research masters courses. But if you have a specific career goal outside of academia, a taught masters will allow you to gain a broader range of skills and experience to enhance your CV.

One final consideration should be what are you best at?

For example, if you struggle with essays but tend to do well in exams and presentations, then a taught masters with a wider variety of assessment modes might be a better fit for you.

At the end of the day, regardless of which option you choose, studying for a master’s degree is an invaluable experience and either course is sure to open a lot of doors for you further down the line.

Thinking about studying your taught or research masters course abroad? Let us help you find your perfect course and university today!

Should I study a taught or research Masters?

Deciding between a taught or research master's program depends on your academic and career goals, as well as your personal preferences and strengths. Here are some factors to consider when making your decision:

Consider your career goals and the type of role you wish to pursue after completing your master's degree. If you aim to work in a profession that values specialised knowledge and practical skills, a taught master's program may be more suitable. On the other hand, if you are interested in a career in research, academia, or a field that requires advanced research capabilities, a research master's program may be a better fit.

Reflect on your interest in research. Are you passionate about conducting independent research and contributing to the knowledge in your field? If research excites you and you enjoy the process of inquiry, a research master's program could be an excellent choice.

Compare the structure and content of both types of programs. Taught master's programs typically involve a mix of lectures, seminars, and coursework, while research master's programs focus on a more significant research project. Assess which learning approach aligns better with your preferred style of study.

Consider your academic background and strengths. Research master's programs often require a strong academic record and a solid foundation in the chosen field of study, as the emphasis is on conducting original research. If your academic strengths lie in coursework and exams, a taught master's program may suit you better.

Evaluate the time commitment required for each type of program. Research master's degrees tend to be longer and more intense, as they involve substantial research and writing. Taught master's programs are usually shorter and may be more suitable if you wish to enter the job market sooner.

Take the time to research different programs, talk to current students and faculty members, and seek advice from academic advisors to make an informed choice that aligns with your aspirations.

Postgraduate education in the United Kingdom offers two main pathways

• Postgraduate research programs
• Postgraduate taught programs

Postgraduate research programs focus on independent and original research, where students delve deep into a specific research question or topic within their chosen field. They work closely with a research supervisor and complete a research thesis or dissertation to contribute new knowledge to their discipline. These programs are suitable for individuals pursuing careers in academia or research.

On the other hand, postgraduate taught programs emphasise structured classroom-based learning. Students follow a set curriculum, attending lectures, seminars, and practical sessions to gain specialised knowledge and practical skills. Assessment in these programs involves coursework, exams, and sometimes a dissertation or research project.

The choice between postgraduate research vs taught depends on individual interests and career aspirations. If you have a passion for conducting independent research and want to contribute to your field, a postgraduate research program might be the right fit. However, if you seek specialised skills and industry-focused expertise, a postgraduate taught program may be more suitable.

Many students wonder if they can pursue a Ph.D. after completing a taught master's degree. The answer is yes, it is indeed possible. Universities and research institutions often welcome students who have successfully completed a taught master's program and wish to continue their academic journey by undertaking a Ph.D. program.

Completing a taught master's degree can serve as a stepping stone toward a research-based Ph.D. program. While some additional effort may be required to strengthen your research profile, many students successfully make the transition and go on to make significant contributions in their chosen fields of study.

In general, Taught Masters programs tend to be more structured and may involve a higher number of taught modules or courses, which can lead to higher tuition fees. These programs often focus on providing practical skills and knowledge that are directly applicable to the job market, and the additional resources required for delivering coursework can contribute to higher fees.

On the other hand, while the fees for Research Masters can still be substantial, they might be slightly lower than Taught Masters in some cases. This is because Research Masters programs often have fewer taught modules, and students spend a significant portion of their time conducting research, which may require fewer resources compared to a more structured coursework-based program.

Which degree is right for me in the UK?

If you prefer a structured and specialised curriculum with classroom-based learning, a taught Masters may be suitable. On the other hand, if you have a strong interest in conducting independent research and contributing to your field, a research Masters could be a better fit.

Taught vs Research, which is better?

The choice between taught vs research Masters depends on your academic and career objectives. A taught Masters offers a structured curriculum with specific subject knowledge, while a research Masters focuses on independent research and academic inquiry.

What is the difference between taught and research masters?

The main difference between taught and research masters lies in their core focus. A taught Masters emphasises classroom-based learning, lectures, and assessments, providing specialised subject knowledge and skills. In contrast, a research Masters centres around conducting independent research, contributing to the existing knowledge in a field, and developing strong research skills.

Are Masters by research better?

A Masters by research offers an opportunity to engage in independent and in-depth research, making it ideal for students pursuing a career in academia or research-oriented professions. However, a taught Masters may suit those seeking specialised skills and industry-focused expertise. The decision should align with your aspirations and preferred learning style.

Why are research Masters cheaper?

Research Masters programs are often cheaper than taught Masters because they require less institutional resources.

Is a Masters by research a full Masters?

Yes, a Masters by research is considered a full Masters degree. It is a postgraduate qualification that requires the completion of a research project, dissertation, or thesis. Know someone considering postgraduate studies? Share the insights in our 'Taught vs Research Masters' article with them.

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Taught vs Research Master's: What's the difference?

One of the first choices you'll need to make when considering a Master’s is whether to enrol on to a taught Master's or a research Master's course. 

In this blog post, we explore the key differences between these two types of postgraduate degree - helping you make an informed decision about which one is right for you.

What is a taught Master's?

What is a research master's, what are the differences, which is right for me, what's next after a master's, are the fees different is funding the same, search for a course.

Similar to a Bachelor’s degree, a taught Master's course is structured around a series of taught modules, lectures, seminars, and assessments. The curriculum is designed to give you an in-depth understanding of a specific subject area.

You’ll typically attend lectures, participate in group projects, and carry out various forms of assessment - such as exams, essays, and group projects - with plenty of support from your tutors.

One of the primary advantages of a taught Master's is the structure of the course. This format is well-suited for those who prefer a more guided and classroom-oriented approach to learning.

In contrast, a research Master's places a greater emphasis on independent research and research expertise. You will have a mix of taught modules and a research project. This allows you to develop deeper knowledge in your chosen subject area and also acts as excellent preparation for a PhD.

While there may be some taught components, the core of the course centres around the completion of a focused and original piece of research under the guidance of a supervisor, which forms the basis of your thesis or dissertation.

Research Master's are best suited to students who thrive in independent learning and are passionate about contributing to the body of knowledge in their chosen field. 

1. Learning style 

• Taught Master's : emphasises structured learning with a focus on coursework and assessments.
• Research Master's : requires a greater level of independent study and research, culminating in a research project. You’ll develop your research skills by designing, completing and producing this project. 

2. Assessment methods

• Taught Master's : assessments typically include exams, essays, and group work.
• Research Master's : assessment methods vary but usually include essays, presentations, professional skills assessment and a research project.

3. Duration

• Taught Master's : often completed within 12 months if studied full-time, with part-time and flexible study options available.
• Research Master's : traditionally these courses are 12 months full-time or 24 months part-time. 
• Taught Master’s : the most common are MSc, MA and MBA.
• Research Master’s : these are often either MRES, MLitt, MMus, MPhil or LLM by research degrees.

Choosing between a taught and a research Master's degree depends on your preferences, career goals, and favoured learning style. You might want to consider the following factors:

• career goals : if you’re thinking of pursuing a career that requires specialised knowledge and skills, a taught Master's may be more suitable
• further study :  if you’re interested in academic research, or are considering doing a PhD in the future, a research Master's will provide you with valuable research experience
• learning style : decide whether you work better in a structured learning environment, or prefer the autonomy of independent research
• time commitment : consider your commitment to a more extended course if you choose a research Master's, which may require additional time for research and thesis completion

There are plenty of opportunities available after completing a taught or research Master's degree. Some potential routes include:

• PhD or doctoral study : a research Master's can be a great stepping stone for those looking to pursue a PhD and contribute to academic research
• professional advancement : taught Master's courses will prepare you with the practical skills and knowledge needed for entry into your chosen profession. If you decide a PhD is not for you, many professions will value the research skills developed through a research Master’s.
• entrepreneurship : both qualifications can set you up for entrepreneurial opportunities - especially if your Master's research or coursework is aligned with a business idea. At Newcastle, our START UP team can support you with where to start when considering working for yourself. 

Tuition fees vary across taught and research Master's courses; funding opportunities and scholarships are often available for both.

If you’re from the UK, or are a student from the EU, another EEA, or a Swiss national with settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you normally pay the ‘Home’ rate. International students will be charged fees at the ‘International’ rate.

For a complete list of funding opportunities, search Newcastle’s funding database for the most up-to-date information about current funding. 

Search for a Master's

Ready to take the next step? At Newcastle University, we offer over 300 Master’s courses – both taught and research-based. Use our online search tool to explore courses filtered by your requirements.

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Published By Yasmina Carlton on 16/01/2024 | Last Updated 06/02/2024

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Should I Pursue A Master’s or A Ph.D.?

The first step in deciding on the right graduate program for you is to figure out which degree will best serve you—a master’s or a doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.). Here are a few factors to consider.

What are your career goals?

• Professional master’s: A good choice if you want to develop a particular skill set in order to practice a particular profession. This type of degree provides coursework focused on learning and practicing skills.
• Research master’s: A good fit if you want to gain expertise in a discipline and know how to teach it. A research master’s typically includes a research project or thesis and comprehensive exams in addition to coursework and provides experience in research and scholarship.
• Ph.D. (doctor of philosophy): Consider this option if your goal is to ground yourself in a body of research and develop the ability to add to that body of knowledge. Ph.D. study includes a major research project in addition to coursework, and a Ph.D. is the highest scholastic degree awarded by American universities. Contrary to common perception, career paths for Ph.D. graduates are quite varied, not just limited to academia. Ph.D. training helps you hones skills such as writing, research, teaching, data analysis, communicating complex topics—all of which can translate into many sectors, including industry, government, nonprofit, and entrepreneurship.

See career data for Duke graduate programs' alumni

How much time do you have to pursue a graduate degree?

Master’s degrees typically take two years to complete, while Ph.D. programs generally take five to seven years ( see Duke programs' time-to-degree ). That is a significant difference in commitment and opportunity costs. It might also play a key role in deciding which factors take higher priority as you evaluate a program. How does the length of the program fit with your career and family plans? How important is the surrounding community if you are going to be there for seven years instead of two? How long are you able or willing to go on a limited income while in graduate school?

How much can you afford to pay for a graduate degree?

Consider your personal financial situation (e.g., how much savings and student loans do you have), as well as how much financial aid you can get. Master’s and Ph.D. programs differ greatly in the amount of financial aid available. Ph.D. programs tend to offer significantly more financial support than master’s programs (but often will have research or teaching requirements). 

A typical Ph.D. financial aid package usually includes coverage of tuition and fees, a living stipend, and some level of support for health insurance for a set number of years. For instance, Duke’s standard Ph.D. package covers tuition, mandatory fees, and a stipend for five years, as well as health insurance premiums for six years. 

Within an institution, the level of financial support often differs across programs, so be sure to ask your specific program about the financial aid it offers. There are also many national organizations that provide competitive fellowships and scholarships for graduate students.

Know which degree you want to pursue? Here are some key things to look for in a program .

Degrees Explained: Should I study a Master’s of Research (MRes)?

There are many options available if you want to tackle a postgraduate qualification, but one of the lesser-known options is the Master of Research, which lets you specialise in a specific area of interest.

Unlike a classic Master’s course, you’ll spend your MRes degree researching your chosen topic before producing a thesis which then determines your grade.

This is ideal if you’re looking to delve into a particular area of an industry or subject in more detail, since you’ll be able to specialise rather than follow a set course structure.

How does it differ to a standard Master’s degree?

• In a typical Master’s degree, you’ll complete a range of units assessed through essays and exams, and a research project at the end – in a Master’s of Research, you take fewer or no units and instead spend the entire course focusing on one or a few research projects of your choice.
• You will work closely with your tutor as they guide you through the research process, rather than being taught by your professors in the conventional sense.
• It’s a lot more self-guided – there may be deadlines and progress reports you have to meet to continue your course, but it’s not as regimented as in a traditional Master’s degree. This means you have to be self-motivated to ensure you make timely progress.

You’ll be spending a lot of time with the books on a MRes. Source: Shutterstock

What are the benefits?

• You have more autonomy over what you study – rather than having to take core units, you submit your own proposal for research when you apply. This means you’re studying something you’re genuinely interested in rather than having to take compusory modules you don’t necessarily enjoy.
• It’s on your schedule – you’re not forced to write essays and sit exams on dates dictated by the university. You can plan your studies around your life and manage your time to suit you. While this comes with its own challenges, it can be favourable if you have prior commitments.
• You’ll graduate with a deep specialisation in the research area. After spending a whole programme looking into one topic, you’ll graduate as an expert in the field. You’ll likely have uncovered new information or progressed thinking in some way, making it a great way to fast track your career.
• If you plan to study a doctorate degree after your Master’s, you will already have some of the crucial skills ready to fulfil your potential, including time management, self-motivation and staying organised during a long piece of work.

Who should study this degree?

The nature of this degree means it really isn’t for everyone – but if you have the following traits it may be a good fit:

• You work best under your own direction – you don’t lack self-motivation and get the most done when you’re left to your own devices. You don’t need someone hovering over you to make sure you’re hitting your deadlines and you enjoy having freedom to complete your own tasks.
• You have a niche interest area – the thought of studying compulsory modules fills you with dread because you know exactly where your interests lie. You enjoy delving deep into an area rather than gaining broad overviews, and love working under your own steam.

This definitely rings true in a Master’s of Research. Source: Giphy

How are you assessed?

Since this course instilling both academic and professional research skills, it can assess you in through various methods:

• A portfolio of articles or projects you’ve completed
• A thesis you have worked on throughout the year
• Evidence of influence your work has had in the field

Your tutor will be on hand to guide you through assessments which are tailored to your industry and project.

How to choose your Master of Research programme

As you will be spending most of your studies researching for one project, it’s essential you find an institution that specialises in this area.

It’s important your research goals align with the department you choose. Source: Shutterstock

You need to ensure there’s a professor in the department who has a background in your research area, otherwise, you’ll have no one to guide you through your studies. Spend time researching academics in your area of interest and get in touch to see if they have availability.

If you aim to pursue a PhD afterwards, going to a high ranking university is a good idea, or at least finding a leading professor to work alongside.

This will show your commitment to academic research and improve your chances of finding scholarships to continue your studies.

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• Should I Do A Masters?
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• Research Vs Taught Masters
• Taught Masters
• Research Masters
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Research Vs Taught Masters Degrees

If you are considering enrolling on a master's programme of study, you may be overwhelmed by the wide range of courses on offer.

Choosing the best type of masters programme for your needs will help you to rise above your competitors in a competitive industry.

However, it is just as essential to choose a course of study that plays to your learning style and prepares you for PhD study , should this be on the horizon. Here, we shall concentrate on the two main types of masters programmes: research degrees and taught degrees .

• Research Masters Degree

Research masters degrees involve learning through research.

Research degrees are viewed as valuable preparation if you wish to undertake PhD studies, with many funding bodies only awarding money to PhD students who have completed research programmes.

If you are considering undertaking a research master’s, it is essential for you to be able to work independently as you will receive less tutor support than that provided on a taught degree.

You will, however, be granted support from a supervisor, who will help you to develop your research proposal.

The majority of your days will be spent collecting and analysing data and the aim of your efforts will be to have your work accepted for publication in a leading research journal.

Assessment on research programes is through a professional judgement of your research work and an oral exam relating to your chosen research topic.

Full-time master’s by research programmes usually last for 18 months.

However, courses lasting as long as 36 months are not uncommon. Part-time study is an option.

At the end of your course, you will be granted a Master of Philosphy (MPhil), Master of Research (MRes), Master of Arts (MA by Research), or Master of Science (MSc by Research) qualification, depending on your subject of study.

This course will suit you if you are:

• Considering gaining a PhD and want an insight into PhD studies
• Want to work in a research-based career
• Want to focus on a single topic of interest
• Enjoy independent study

Taught Masters Degrees

Taught master’s degrees are not dissimilar to undergraduate degrees. They involve a series of taught modules, delivered through lectures, seminars and practical work.

Upon completion of these modules, you will be assessed on the knowledge and skills you have learned.

Assessment is through examinations, coursework, dissertations and group projects.

Full-time taught master’s programmes usually last for one-year. Part-time study is an option.

At the end of your course, you will be granted a Master of Arts (MA), Master of Science (MSc), or Master of Business Administration (MBA) qualification, depending on your subject of study. This course will suit you if you:

• Enjoy  studying a wide range of topics and love learning through lectures
• Already have an undergraduate degree and want to change your career in a short space of time
• Enjoy contact time with tutors and fellow students
• Want to gain a well-rounded skillset

Further information

For more tips and advice on applying for a postgraduate course, please see:

• Should I do a Masters course?
• Pros and cons
• Postgraduate courses
• Entry requirements
• Choosing a university
• Taught Masters Degree
• Postgraduate funding

What is the difference between a postgraduate taught master’s and a postgraduate research master’s?

Pgce, mres, ma, msc or phd if you’re considering postgraduate study, use this guide to learn the difference between the kinds of postgraduate degrees on offer.

Richard Carruthers

Postgraduate courses come in many formats, ranging from vocational diplomas and certificates through to master’s and doctoral qualifications.

The two most common categories of postgraduate study are postgraduate taught (PGT) courses and postgraduate research (PGR) courses.

As you shop around potential postgraduate courses, you may also come across the PGCE, the LLM, the MRes, the MPhil and the PhD.

But what is the difference between all these acronyms?

Below is a guide explaining the differences between all the postgraduate degrees on offer, including how the application process varies between them.

Postgraduate taught (PGT) courses

Postgraduate taught courses are sometimes called level 7 qualifications and are one of the most common kinds of master’s degrees. When people refer to master’s courses, they usually mean a postgraduate taught course.

These courses are typically one year in duration if studied full-time, or two years if studying part-time.

The course will usually comprise several months of taught classes, much like undergraduate study, followed by an intensive independent research project for the final few months.

These courses have highly specialised content, making them great launchpads for careers where specialist knowledge is required. They are also often used as a stepping stone to more advanced research degrees.

What’s the difference between an MSc and an MA?

Postgraduate taught courses will usually lead to either an MSc or an MA qualification, depending on the subject you choose.

An MSc stands for a “master of science” and will focus on advancing a particular aspect of scientific research across the sciences, engineering, mathematics or a similar field that involves logic, scientific research or numbers.

An MA refers to a “master of arts”, and covers postgraduate taught degrees in the arts and humanities, such as literature, languages, history, cultural studies and some social sciences.

Applying for a postgraduate taught course

To apply for a postgraduate taught course, you will normally be asked to provide transcripts showing your academic performance on your undergraduate degree, a personal statement and a CV.

Your CV should focus on your educational achievements and interests and discuss any project work that shows you have the technical and academic skills needed to be a successful and independent postgraduate student.

Your personal statement can be tackled in a similar way to a cover letter, where you introduce yourself and convey your interest, enthusiasm and motivation to study the subject. It is also advisable to tailor your statement to each course you apply for and to explain your interest in some of the modules offered by that specific course.

It can also be beneficial to demonstrate some thought around where the course will lead you in the future, whether that’s into a new career or towards further study.

With postgraduate taught courses, you often won’t have to submit a research proposal for your research project as part of your application, as the taught elements of the course are meant to help inform your research proposal.

However, some postgraduate master’s courses may ask for you to submit a research proposal or at least have an idea of the topic you want to do your master’s dissertation on, even if this changes later.

Applying to master’s courses is generally done through a decentralised system, meaning you apply individually to each course and university. Each institution will set different entrance and application requirements. Check the exact requirements your course is looking for, and get in touch with the institution’s postgraduate admissions office with any questions.

What are MRes and MPhil degrees?

The MPhil stands for “master of philosophy”. The MRes course option, which is relatively new but has grown in popularity in recent years, stands for a “master of research”.

Much like postgraduate taught courses, both the MPhil and the MRes are technically classified as level 7 qualifications, and typically take one year to complete.

The main difference between an MRes or MPhil and a postgraduate taught course is that MRes and MPhil courses place much more focus on individual research, with as much as 60 per cent to 100 per cent of either degree consisting of a personal research project.

Given the heavy research focus, MRes and MPhil courses tend to contain fewer taught classes, but you will usually receive training in research techniques. As a result of the research focus, an MRes or an MPhil may help prepare a student for a doctoral programme (PGR) or a career that requires specific research skills and techniques.

Applying for an MRes or MPhil course is very similar to applying for a postgraduate taught course, but you may be asked to submit a research proposal as part of your application, so it’s important to have an idea of the kind of research project you would like to pursue.

Doctorate courses

Postgraduate research (PGR) courses are sometimes called level 8 qualifications and usually refer to doctorate courses.

These courses take about three to four years of full-time study to complete, but the exact duration of a doctorate course depends on whether you get involved in teaching, how long your research takes to complete and how long it takes you to write your doctorate thesis.

Successful PhD candidates are awarded doctoral qualifications such as doctor of philosophy (PhD) or doctor of engineering (EngD), depending on their field of research.

Research is the core component of a PhD programme, and you will be expected to produce original work on a specific subject topic, usually in the form of a thesis.

Doctorate qualifications are often a prerequisite for a career as a university academic, researcher or scientist in industry.

Applying for a doctorate (PhD) programme

To apply for a doctorate degree, you’ll need to submit a personal statement and a CV, both providing evidence of your academic experiences and passion for the subject.

Some PhD programmes will expect you to have already completed a postgraduate taught programme, but this isn’t always essential.

For a PhD, you may also be asked to submit a detailed research proposal outlining a specific research question you would like to address, the subject area you will work in, and the approach you would take to solving this.

Your proposal should demonstrate your current knowledge and discuss how your research idea could develop or challenge existing knowledge. You should also mention the potential significance of your research and why it would be a useful contribution to your chosen field.

Usually, you will be expected to apply individually to each PhD programme you’re interested in. Places will usually be dependent on your academic achievements, but also on the funding available in your chosen university department and whether the university can provide an appropriate supervisor.

If you’re considering applying for a PhD, it may be worth contacting academics individually to discuss whether they’d be interested in supervising you and asking about any funding opportunities.

Other postgraduate courses

Aside from the categories discussed above, there are many other classifications of master’s degrees, including postgraduate diplomas and certificates.

Often these lead to a vocational qualification that is used to gain entry to a specific profession.

Examples include the postgraduate certificate of education (PGCE), which leads to a career in teaching, the graduate diploma in law (GDL) or master of law (LLM), which opens the door to the legal professions, or the master of business administration (MBA), which is a common choice for business professionals looking to gain entry to C-suite positions.

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Mres degree (master of research) – the complete guide.

Around 70% of the content of a Master of Research (MRes) is project-based with a focus on independent study, and the purpose of the MRes is to lead the student to a research career.

MRes degrees can be studied across a wide range of subjects, including the sciences, technology, humanities and the arts. The format of the MRes degree allows students to explore a topic in detail with in-depth independent research.

A Master of Research degree is ideal for students who would prefer to conduct their own research rather than continue with taught study, and it is a particularly good option for those who want to pursue a research career.

This article covers everything you need to know about studying a research-based masters degree, from what’s involved, how long it takes, how much it costs and how to prepare for MRes study.

What is an MRes degee?

A Master of Research (MRes) is a type of postgraduate degree that develops advanced research skills in a chosen discipline. This provides an introduction to high-level research methods, in addition to giving a firm foundation for those wishing to pursue doctoral study in the future.

An MRes degree can essentially give a student an opportunity to understand the nature and potential of a particular research topic through, for example, understanding the methodologies and ethics of conducting research. 

This degree can act as a good link between undergraduate and PhD level research, particularly if you are in the process of streamlining into your research discipline and at the same time are still undecided about committing yourself to becoming a PhD student straight away.

How many credits is an MRes degree worth?

An MRes degree is typically worth 180 CATS credits (Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme), which is the same as a taught masters degree.

How these credits are distributed may depend on the course that you’re taking. For example, the research section of the course may award 160 credits, where 20 credits are awarded through training.

The research section of the MRes degree could be anything from one single dissertation to multiple small research projects. 

Check the breakdown of credits for the MRes degree that you’re considering, as well as what the research section entails, to make sure it’s the right course for you.

How long does it take to complete an MRes degree?

An MRes degree will usually take one year for a full-time student to complete if being studied at a UK university. Part-time students in the UK can typically complete their MRes degree in two years.

However, the duration of the MRes degree can depend on the course that you’re taking and where you’re studying, for example many MRes courses in Europe and the United States take longer than in the UK – often taking two years of full-time study.

How much does a MRes degree cost?

The cost of an MRes degree can vary depending on the university and the subject studied, however the average tuition fee cost for masters courses in the UK is around £11,000. 

There is MRes funding available through student finance and other funding sources , so check the finance options available at your chosen university to see if they offer any funding for your MRes degree in the form of scholarships and bursaries.

There are also various masters loans options available for students studying at UK universities. And don’t forget that once you’ve been accepted onto any masters program, including an MRes degree, you are eligible to apply for a Postgrad Solutions Study Bursary .

While sorting out the financing of your MRes degree it is important to also consider postgraduate living costs alongside your MRes study such as food, transport, utilities and study aids.

Reasons why you should study an MRes degree

With an MRes degree, the focus is on developing an individual’s research skills and therefore, it builds a good grounding for postdoctoral study. Taught masters programs such as an MA or MSc are typically considered sufficient to develop a foundation to do a PhD (being the most common entry routes).

Yet, if one has the choice and is interested in pursuing research in a manner beyond your typical masters degree, then a research masters can be a preferable option.

Top reasons for choosing to study MRes degree are:

1. Fewer taught modules

An MRes degree program can be different from a typical masters degree as it focuses on a more in-depth and often large-sized dissertation on a specific research project, which means it could involve studying of fewer taught modules. This means the focus is narrowed down to topics that could potentially act as the foundation for your PhD thesis.

2. Getting trained in research approaches and methods

MRes degree is a kind of research-focused program that can have a major share of its study dedicated to project-based activities preparing students for a career in that direction. Often students can get exposed to basic up to advanced-level research methods, as well as instruction in research ethics and professional practice including writing proposals, making funding applications and publishing.

3. Progressing into PhD

Some universities may give the option of automatically progressing from MRes degree to a PhD program. However, this would depend upon the achievement of a minimum mark in the project activity, dissertation and taught modules. Additionally, the transition into a PhD can also prove to be more straightforward since an MRes student can be expected to be more aware of the level of research that would need to be put in.

4. Prepares students for wide-ranging career roles

The MRes degree is designed to prepare students for a career as an academic researcher, consultant, or in any industry where an understanding of research would be considered useful. There is also the added advantage with an MRes degree at the workplace, especially where the focus is being given to research practice and methods in preparing, for instance, reports or lengthy publications involving extensive research inputs. The skills gained from studying an MRes can come in handy for wide-ranging career roles.

How to prepare for a MRes degree

Fresh out of undergrad studies and highly confident in your research abilities, you are considering applying for a research masters course in the UK. However, you haven't got a clue what getting a research masters actually involves. To solve this mystery for you, we’ll tell you in a few basic steps what it takes to become a “Master” by research. However, please be aware that as we’ve previously mentioned, research masters courses in the UK and worldwide vary in length as well as in their methods of assessment, so if you want to know specific information about your program of interest, visit the university website.

1. Choose an appropriate research topic

The difference between a taught and research masters is that the latter focuses on a research project, while requiring you to take a smaller number of taught modules. 

Although you will need to write a proposal outlining your plan of research in order to get accepted to a research-based masters program, it is highly likely that your actual research plan will change considerably once you have started the course. 

This is because you’ll acquire new knowledge throughout the course and you will be able to plan a much better research project than when you first started the MRes degree. Your university will usually require you to finalise your research plan by the middle of your second term and to conduct your research during the third term.

Make sure you choose a research topic that truly interests you and is original.  A great place to start is by reviewing the current literature and identifying any potential gaps in academic research.

2. Establish a regular meeting schedule with your supervisor

To make sure that you are developing your research project in the right way and that you’re not basing your research around an unfeasible idea, you will need to arrange regular meetings with your supervisor. Keeping in touch with your supervisor is also important because they will write you a recommendation letter if you decide to apply for a PhD. You must try your best to establish a high-quality relationship with your supervisor in a relatively short period of time.

3. Take taught modules and attend seminars relevant to your research topic

As a research masters (MRes) student, you will still need to attend some taught modules, however they will usually be less important than for taught masters students and their purpose is to help you make the best out of your research topic. 

Some of these modules will be assessed, usually through written essays or other assignments, whereas some modules will simply just be your attendance. Besides the taught modules, your department will probably organise weekly seminars dedicated to cutting-edge research in your field. You’ll benefit from attending those seminars that could help you structure your research topic.

4. Read plenty of journal articles and spend time in the university library

You will not be able to complete your research project unless you read a considerable amount of journal articles. Because the duration of your research masters course will probably be relatively short, you’ll be racing against time and trying to digest as much information as quickly as possible. Prepare to spend more than 50% of your life in the library – it will almost start feeling like home!

5. Write a thesis

A good thing is that a research masters theses are usually much shorter than PhD theses . A bad thing is you are much less experienced when writing a research masters thesis and the time pressure is much higher. However, whether your actual research works out or not isn’t that important for a research masters thesis – what you really need to do is show that you can think coherently about your research topic and organise information in a logical way. Everything else will come during your PhD. Research masters theses are usually graded by two examiners chosen by the department, and unlike for PhD theses you will be assigned a specific grade instead of merely “passing” or “failing”.

6. Prepare to orally defend your thesis

In most cases, you will not need to orally defend your research masters thesis. However, if your examiners think that you are close to failing, you will need to have a talk with them and explain why you don’t deserve to fail. But don’t worry; this almost never happens if you do the right amount of work.

MRes entry requirements

Applicants whose first language is not English must demonstrate that their level of English is appropriate to study at postgraduate level. The course may require IELTS with specified minimum scores depending upon the university. Please check the university's standard English language requirements before applying.

Applications should ideally include:

(a) an application form with a personal statement (b) appropriate application fee where relevant (c) transcripts (d) list of the courses you are taking or will be taking this year under your current degree program (e) academic references as mentioned (f) GRE scores (wherever specified) (g) evidence of your command of English: if English is not your first language or if the language of instruction of your entire previous degree is not English and (h) a research proposal.

The general academic year for an MRes degree starts in September and ends in August of the following year, which means it is full time for one year, however it may be offered part time over two years.

Where can you study an MRes?

In the UK , an MRes degree is available in a range of academic fields.  Plenty of top UK universities including the University of Bath , University College London (UCL), London School of Economics (LSE) , University of Birmingham and University of Wales Trinity Saint David offer MRes degrees as do universities across the EU , such as Tilburg University , Maastricht University and University of Amsterdam .

An MRes degree program is unique in so far as it gives a student the ability to get acquainted with research through a mixed bag of being taught about research and doing research.

What is the difference between an MRes, MSc and MA?

The main difference between an MRes, MSc and MA is the way that these masters courses are delivered. As discussed, an MRes degree is a research-based postgraduate course with the emphasis on independent study. Meanwhile MA and MSc programs are generally taught based with much more time spent on lectures, seminars and workshops.

MA and MSc programs still usually involve a dissertation requiring independent research, but MRes dissertations will be much longer (around 35,000 words compared to 12,000-20,000 words).

Read more about postgraduate degrees for a full overview of different types.

What is the difference between an MRes and MPhil?

An MRes degree and MPhil (Master of Philosophy) are similar in that they both involve research. The main difference between the two is that an MRes is specifically designed to train students in advanced research methods, whereas an MPhil is designed for students to undertake a research project.

Both types of postgraduate program are suitable precursors to studying a PhD, although an MPhil is a more traditional pathway for those students who know they want to go on to study a PhD and is often an actual part of a PhD program.

In some instances if a student is studying for a PhD and their research project is deemed to be too limited for this level of study they may be encouraged to change to studying an MPhil and become an MPhil student instead.

Can you combine an MRes and PhD?

Some universities offer a ‘1+3’ program that combines an MRes and a PhD . This means that an MRes is awarded after one year of study and a PhD qualification is awarded three years later.

What jobs can you get with an MRes degree?

An MRes degree is a great choice for students looking to go into highly skilled jobs and is an excellent addition to your CV showing future employers that you are able to achieve a high level of study and achievement.

MRes degrees give students the ability to be highly analytical and can give you a competitive edge when you are choosing a job in today’s competitive job market.

Industries and careers that may be highly suitable for MRes graduates include:

• Medical science
• Scientific advisor
• Clinical research
• Academic research
• Research and development
• Clinical trial management
• Clinical data specialist

Find MRes degrees

Ready to get started with your MRes study? Explore our extensive database of MRes courses to find your perfect match.

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Taught vs research: pro’s and con’s.

• May 12, 2022

If you’ve considered going for a Master’s degree, then the next step would be doing some personal research to find out the options available to you according to your preferences.

When it comes to postgraduate studies, Masters consist of either taught programs or research programs. Both these types of Masters offer you a similar destination – a research-oriented further education, but differ slightly in their journeys.

Taught Vs Research Masters – Which should you pick?

The challenging part of deciding on a Masters course is sifting through various specializations to decide on a subject. There are ‘n’ number of doubts flitting through your mind at this point besides just wondering whether to go for taught Masters or research Masters.

Would a taught course be better suited to your preferences? Or would you prefer opting for a more research-oriented program?

Is a taught Masters different from undergraduate studies? Which Masters will better prepare you for a PhD? And is a research Masters worth it?

Queries like these are necessary to help you get a better grasp of what aspirations you should keep from your Masters studies.

This article will guide you in understanding the similarities, differences, benefits, and considerations to bear in mind regarding taught and research Masters degrees. Although, it’s best to remember that neither course is better than the other and each Masters offers its student a varied learning experience.

What is a Taught Master’s degree?

A taught Masters is somewhat similar to your undergraduate studies, with there being lectures, assignments, student-conducted seminars, and an end-of-the-year exam. The only difference being the research aspect of Masters reflected in a dissertation the student will have to prepare as part of the final exam.

A few universities offer a Research Methods course alongside the taught course to prepare students for the probability of applying for a PhD program or further specialization after the taught Masters.

You’ll have to check with the specific universities you’re applying to in case the Research Methods course offered is a necessary one. It would mean additional workload if you’re not looking for such commitments.

One common query of note concerning taught Masters is the possibility of doing a PhD after taught Masters. The requirement for a degree in PhD is having a Master’s degree which means it’s possible for students to apply for a PhD course after taught Masters.

However, the intention of doing a PhD is further research into a subject/specialization which implies that having done a research Masters is more suitable to easing into PhD studies. Applying for a MRes course is recommended since it allows a student to go in-depth and learn the essential research methods for further research-driven education.

Taught Masters include various MA and MSc programs, diplomas, and PG certificates. 

What is a Research Master’s degree?

The responsibility of completing a research Masters falls on your shoulders, being a completely independent course to undertake. It isn’t like your regular subject-wise studies but more like a focused and extended study on a single subject or specialization. 

You’ll have an appointed mentor or supervisor to guide you through the study and help you if you feel stuck at any point. As for exams, the evaluation aspect is done through marked essays or dissertations on a regular basis without the need for a final exam. 

However, the research Masters culminates in an extended essay/thesis in your field of study to be eligible for the passing certificate. 

Research Masters is a good fit for individuals with a mind for following and studying something specific with loads of original ideas to fuel the learning. The aspects of self-motivation, deep research, and time management ensure students get to experience a taste of PhD studies and further ventures in the arena of academia. 

Research Masters include various specializations in MPhil and MRes (Masters in Research).

Analyzing the differences between Taught and Research Masters

There are a few distinct differences that highlight the key features of postgraduate research vs postgraduate taught . It’s necessary to understand exactly what the Masters course will offer you so you can have a wholesome and holistic learning experience.

If you ask anyone who has undertaken their Masters, you’ll probably find that the level of independence concerning each study is the main difference between postgraduate taught and postgraduate research . Let’s dive into the comparison without further ado.

• First and foremost, research Masters focuses more on personal/individual research capacity and the ability to convert it into a theme-focused dissertation. On the other hand, taught Masters is more socially-oriented with constant support and work hours with peers and mentors. 
• The study format of taught Masters is not much different from undergraduate studies, with multiple subjects to study in the given time period. Contrastingly, a research Masters is subject-specific with in-depth research and learning in a single subject/specialization. 
• Taught Masters will have regular seminars, classes, lectures, lab sessions, and workshops to attend to and assignments to complete. Contrastingly, research Masters is a singular study, with limited taught classes, instead becoming Q&A sessions between the appointed supervisor and student.
• Taught Masters will have a set number of terms to complete, with each term having modules that are majorly essential and partially optional. Research Masters has no timetable as such and you’ll find yourself working on limited yet extended research projects through personal efforts and research.   
• In a taught Masters, there is a separate professor for each class for every subject. In a research Masters, you’ll be appointed an experienced and specialized coach to help you navigate the undertaken task. 
• When it comes to the application process, there is a distinct difference between taught and research Masters. Admission for a taught Masters is straightforward, requiring relevant interest in the subject from your side and maybe a bit of work experience. As for research Masters, the student is required to draft a research proposal that shows their knowledge regarding the subject and prove why they’re a good fit to perform research on the same. 

Is a Taught Masters the right choice?

The good thing about a taught Masters is its structure and content that doesn’t differ as much from undergraduate studies. You have the freedom to choose from and study various subjects instead of focusing on research in a single specialization. 

The variety in studies allows you to narrow down your career path and aim towards it with a developed skill set for other ventures. Employment criteria are also easily met since the requirements are something you’re familiar with. Not to mention that once you get the hang of the program content, you’ll find it preferable to extend your learning on the subjects.

• The similarity with undergraduate studies is considered a plus by many students seeking further education options. 
• The students will have optimal support from different mentors and professors for each subject along with plenty of communication and meaningful interactions with fellow classmates.
• Subject variety is another added incentive of taught Masters.
• Employment prospects are many with ease in applying and better chances of landing a job.
• The subject you desire to learn comes attached as a bundle with other subjects you might not have interest to pursue in the future.
• The study schedule is also similar to undergraduate studies, with less flexibility and time for other commitments.
• The cost of studying a taught Masters is comparatively higher than its research counterpart.

Is a Research Masters the right choice?

A Masters in research is a stepping stone to gain experience for studies that are research-centric like PhD. Students with the passion to follow a career in research and have graduated from a MRes or MSc course see studies at the doctorate level as the next step in their academic journey.

Research Masters is a lonesome but comprehensively satisfying course to choose, allowing you the freedom to research your subject of interest in depth. There is more flexibility in the study schedule and enough time to carry out as much personal research as you require. 

• A research Masters is essential in familiarizing students with the academic expectations of a research-driven career like PhD.
• Students have the utmost liberty to study their subject of interest and broaden their field of knowledge.
• Studying research Masters can get quite lonesome if you’re not suited for individual studies.
• There are no multiple options like in taught Masters if that’s what you’re seeking from research Masters.
• The skills you gain at the end of the Masters is singular and specialized since it’s a study of a single subject and not vast as in taught Masters. 

Final Thoughts

A Master’s degree, be it taught or research, essentially gears students for a lengthy and knowledgeable education, opening doors to learning beyond books. You can choose to further your skills in your field of choice or explore more courses in depth at your convenience.

It’s necessary to differentiate between postgraduate research and taught Masters so you can make informative decisions regarding further education. Don’t keep all your queries to yourself or try solving the dilemma without consulting your peers.

Take your time in listing all aspects of your studies and mincing heads with your mentors to figure out the ideal course of action. If you still find yourself lacking in educational resources to refer to, University HUB offers all that you need to chart your options and pick the best among them.

Whether it is informational articles, detailed guides, institution-wise admission details or general data on career paths, University HUB provides a convenient solution to all your educational queries.

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Research vs taught postgraduate programmes.

gradireland editorial team

26 Jan 2023, 12:27

One of the key differences between postgraduate programmes is whether you choose to do a taught course, or study for a degree by research.

Before deciding which postgraduate route to take, ask yourself whether a taught or research course would suit you. You will need to think about what motivates you most and what subject area you are most interested in.

Taught degrees

Taught postgraduate programmes usually result in a Master of Science (MSc) or Master of Arts (MA). Sometimes you can take a limited part of a masters degree course, which can be credited as a postgraduate diploma.

Taught masters are usually 12 months full-time (or 24 months part-time) in duration and are similar to bachelors degrees in that they are delivered and assessed through a series of taught modules and may include independent research in the specialised subject area. Taught masters may include continuous assessment, examinations and the final assessment for a masters degree is often based on the submission of a dissertation, usually of between 10,000–20,000 words.

Entry requirements and application deadlines for taught masters vary from college to college, but it is strongly recommended that you aim for a 2.1 degree (although a 2.2 may be acceptable) and research your postgraduate study opportunities early in your final year to ensure you do not miss any important deadlines.

Research degrees

If you prefer the idea of intensive research and a more independent approach to working towards your masters degree without the constraints of attending timetabled lectures, then you may prefer to study for a research degree, usually known as a Masters of Philosophy (MPhil).

The research MPhil takes 18–36 months full-time and 36–48 months part-time and is achieved through the critical investigation and evaluation of an approved topic. You will also need to demonstrate an understanding of research methods appropriate to the chosen field.

The starting point is a research proposal and you will work under supervision (usually by a senior academic) and carry out extensive research, using detailed research methods. You will analyse your results and publish findings. Research degrees are usually assessed entirely by a piece of individual research and an oral examination (a 'viva').

Again, you should aim for a 2.1 degree (a 2.2 may be acceptable, depending on the college). Closing dates vary from early in academic year to right through the summer months, depending on funding. Regularly check the various institution websites for research masters on offer and if you have a research proposal make contact with a suitable department in the college where you would like to carry out your research.

If you are interested in a masters by research, explore what aspects of your undergraduate studies you enjoyed the most and which areas you would have loved to study further. You should also ask yourself whether you would like to be involved in extensive research working on your own initiative under supervision for at least 18 months. Another incentive for completing an MPhil is the possibility of furthering your research studies and completing a Doctorate of Philosophy (PhD).

While taught masters largely follow a structured timetable and a series of lectures, tutorials and seminars with your peers, research students will be self motivated to assert themselves to carry out their investigations, analyse their results and meet regularly with their supervisor.

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Professional Degree vs. Academic Degree: What’s the Difference?

If you’re looking for a way to advance your career, earn more money, or take on more responsibility within your organization, earning an advanced degree could help you reach your goals. After all,  sixty-one percent of employers claim the skills needed for their positions have evolved, now requiring a higher base-level of education. What’s more, there will be a 14 percent growth in jobs requiring a master’s degree by 2024.

When deciding whether or not to pursue an advanced degree, it’s important to know which kind of degree will help you meet your personal and professional goals: a professional degree or an academic degree?

Each degree has its own benefits that may make one degree more relevant to you depending on your profession.

Not sure which degree is right for you? Below are the key similarities and differences to consider when deciding between a professional and academic degree.

What’s a Professional Degree?

A professional degree helps students prepare for careers in specific fields, such as law, pharmacy, medicine, and education. The length of the programs vary and can span anywhere from one to five years, depending on the institution you attend.

These programs often put a great deal of focus on real-world application, with many professional programs requiring students to complete internships or projects in their field of study before graduation. This allows students to gain extensive on-the-job training and boost their resumé.

Certain professional degrees are required—by law—to be earned before you can work in a specific job, for example, as a doctor or a lawyer.

What Can You Do with a Professional Degree?

There are several different types of professional degrees, each of which is designed to prepare you for a different career.

Some of the most common professional degrees include:

Juris Doctor (JD)

A Juris Doctor is a professional degree that prepares students for a career practicing law. Lawyers can specialize within administrative, constitutional, criminal, or other forms of law, and can expect to earn a median salary of $119,250 , with employment projected to grow eight percent by 2026.

If you’re considering a career in law but don’t want to be a practicing lawyer, earning your Master of Legal Studies might make more sense for your goals. (Learn more about the differences between a JD and an MLS .)

Doctor of Medicine (MD)

A Doctor of Medicine is awarded to those who want to pursue a career in medicine or surgery. Those who receive an MD typically earn a lucrative salary, which varies depending on the specialization. Average earnings include:

• Primary Care Physician: $201,541
• Ophthalmologist: $286,574
• Dermatologist: $293,610
• Pediatric Surgeon: $290,104
• Anesthesiologist: $371,527
• General Surgeon: $382,121

Doctor of Education (EdD)

A Doctor of Education is a degree for educators and professionals who want to direct and implement change within their organizations. EdD programs typically  combine exploratory research with comprehensive coursework. Common career paths for EdD holders include:

• Postsecondary Education Administrator: $92,360
• Elementary and Secondary School Education Administrator: $94,390
• Instructional Coordinator: $63,750

Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD)

A Doctor of Pharmacy   is a degree for individuals interested in working in the pharmaceutical industry. PharmD programs typically provide opportunities in research, teaching, clinical practice, and other key areas within the pharmacy industry. Graduates with this degree typically become:

• Pharmacists: $130,205
• Pharmacy Directors: $170,390
• Clinical Managers: $102,283

What’s an Academic Degree?

An academic or research degree focuses on a specific field of study and is often more research-oriented than professional programs. Courses build on the technical knowledge that is learned throughout the program, and students are typically required to plan, organize, and conduct research to complete their coursework.

Academic degree programs often require a thesis or capstone project in order to graduate. Whereas professional degrees are designed to directly prepare students for a particular career, academic degrees can be applied to a wide variety of potential careers.

What Can You Do with an Academic Degree?

Many degrees can be classified as academic degrees. Depending on the industry you work in, earning one can help enhance your career by teaching you the knowledge and skills you need to advance within your organization. Some common career-enhancing academic degrees include:

Nurses assess patients’ health, manage patient care, and advise patients on health management and disease prevention. A  master’s degree in nursing helps students become clinical nurse leaders, nursing administrators, or nurse practitioners . Nurses make $70,000 per year on average, and the demand for skilled nurses is projected to grow 15 percent by 2026.

Computer Science

A graduate degree in computer science can prepare students for a variety of careers through their study of computers and computational systems. Areas of degree specialization include software engineering, mobile computing, programming languages, user experience and user interface design, and computing theory. Depending on your specialization, you could become a:

• Senior Systems Engineer: $93,635
• Software Developer: $80,018
• Software Engineer: $103,035
• Full Stack Developer: $113,558  

(Not sure if earning a master’s degree in computer science makes sense for you? Learn more about the benefits of pursuing an MS in CS .)

Information Systems

An information systems degree prepares students for careers in information technology (IT) through their studies in network technology, databases, and computer security. The knowledge and skills acquired in an IS program helps individuals solve organizational problems and support business operations and management. Employment of information technology professions is projected to grow 13 percent  by 2026—much faster than most occupations. Careers include:

• IT Manager: $139,220
• Information Security Analyst: $95,510
• Systems Administrator: $81,100

Figuring Out Your Next Move

Once you’ve determined whether a professional or academic degree best suits your personal and professional goals,  determine what prerequisites you need prior to applying, including what exams you need to take, such as the GRE or MCAT.

Keep in mind that your decision should be based on the value you want from your degree: whether it’s to specialize in a particular field, gain more knowledge, increase your earnings, or advance into a leadership position. Make sure to take the time to evaluate your current and future career plans, and conduct the necessary research within your field to determine your best option moving forward.

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• You are currently on: Taught or research masters

Taught or research masters

Masters degrees at the University of Auckland are generally offered as either research or taught (coursework) masters. Find out more about the benefits of both for international students.

What is a masters degree?

A masters degree is a degree programme demonstrably in advance of undergraduate level, that provides training in scholarship and research.

This allows you to build on your previous study by increasing your knowledge in a specific subject area, enhancing your career prospects and understanding. It offers transferrable skills, researched alongside leading academic staff, rigorous intellectual analysis and problem solving.

Masters degrees usually consist of full time study of either:

• one year (120 points)
• 18 months (180 points)
• or two years (240 points)

Our masters programmes are generally 180 points (18 months of full-time study) or 240 points (two years of full-time study). If you have already completed a year of postgraduate study, e.g. a postgraduate diploma, you may be admitted directly to a 120 point version (one year of full-time study).

Eligibility for the different options depends on the prior study you have completed. Some programmes will only include some of these options.

A masters degree can be structured as either a research or a taught programme and will have a points value assigned to it.

• Research masters include a thesis or research portfolio of at least 90 points.
• Taught masters are comprised of mainly taught courses, but can include a dissertation or research project of less than 90 points.

What's the difference between a taught or research masters?

Taught masters.

Taught (or coursework) masters degrees will give you advanced specialist training in your chosen field. They are usually completed by coursework only, although some can include a dissertation.

Taught masters programmes are becoming increasingly popular with international students at the University of Auckland. With a focus on applied learning and preparation for work, these programmes can produce well-rounded graduates with a broad range of technical and soft skills.

We offer taught masters degrees across various disciplines.

Research masters

As New Zealand’s premier research-led university, we also offer research masters for international students.

A research masters degree provides you with the opportunity to develop advanced research skills and present findings in a documented scholarly form such as a thesis. Your research should make an independent contribution to learning or offer a critical perspective on existing scholarship or methodology.

The University of Auckland has earned a great reputation for delivering academic and research excellence within a supportive learning environment. We give you the opportunity to learn from and collaborate with outstanding academic staff from New Zealand and around the world.

The University has built a broad academic community of researchers, scholars and students who are ready to support you as you challenge current beliefs, form and test new ideas, and embark on an enriching and fulfilling career. We look forward to welcoming you as a member of our community.

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Land your dream job, the difference between a masters and a doctorate.

There are a lot of degree types out there. Many fall into one of two camps: doctorates and master’s degrees. Both graduate degrees offer a narrower educational focus than the undergraduate experience. The higher the degree, the longer it takes to earn and the more specialized is its focus. We’re taking a closer look at the master’s and doctorate degrees to highlight differences and help you determine which might be most useful to you.

Master’s Degrees

Master’s degrees are more versatile than doctoral degrees, and have a wide range of professional and academic applications. The most common master’s degrees are Master’s of Arts (M.A.) and Master’s of Science (M.S.) . Additionally, there are three types of master’s programs:

• Research Master’s degrees are typically for academic and applied research disciplines. Examples include a Master’s of Arts in Comparative Literature, and Master’s of Science in Biology. In some fields, earning a research master’s degree without going on to earn a Ph.D. restricts your professional options. Figure out what's best for you and your career trajectory by talking with professors or professionals in your field.
• Professional Master’s degrees prepare candidates for professional work by introducing practical skills and frameworks for understanding issues in their field. These degrees may also qualify a person to practice in their field. Examples include a Master’s of Social Work, Master’s of Architecture, or Master’s of Art in Teaching. Most of the degrees featured at Idealist Grad Fairs are professional master’s degrees supporting careers in the social good sector.
• Terminal Master’s degrees are the highest academic degree in their field. While some master’s degrees may serve as the first step towards a doctorate, others—such as a Master’s of Fine Arts in Creative Writing or a Master’s in Library Science—are as high as you can go for academic accreditation in those fields of study.

Before pursuing a master’s degree, candidates must have already earned a bachelor's degree. Master’s programs take one to three years to complete and consist of advanced-level courses and seminars. In some programs, students go on to research, write, and defend a master’s thesis. In professional master’s programs, the thesis is often replaced by final projects and exams.

Doctoral Degrees

The most common doctorate is the Doctor of Philosophy or PhD. These research doctorates prepare students to contribute to the collective knowledge base of the field and offers a unique opportunity for an individual to conduct intensive and prolonged research on a very particular topic, which often leads to publication. With a PhD, many seek careers as professors and researchers, but may also pursue roles in the nonprofit, public, and private sectors. Additionally, there are professional doctorates like the MD (Medical Doctor), and the JD (Juris Doctor). Before pursuing a doctorate, candidates must have already earned a bachelor's degree and in some cases a master’s depending on the program. Due to the nature of specialization, PhD programs tend to be smaller than master’s programs.

PhD candidates begin by taking courses and exams. They go on to take advanced seminars and complete their requirements by researching, writing, and defending a dissertation. A dissertation is one of the central components of earning the PhD and is a doctoral-level thesis about the candidate’s original research. A doctorate degree may take up to eight years to earn depending on the program, whether the candidate has already completed a master’s degree (or is coming straight from undergraduate), and the amount of time it takes to complete the dissertation.

Dual Degree Programs or Joint Master’s and PhD Programs

If you decide both degree programs sound right for you, there are some programs that offer the option to pursue both degrees at the same time. A dual degree program allows you to double count your earned credits towards the completion of both degrees. You can find more information here .

How to decide which degree is right for you?

Figuring out whether to pursue a master's or PhD will depend on your career field and educational goals. You can learn more about requirements in your field by doing some research or your own as well as networking with colleagues. Reaching out to a mentor in the field or alumni from your preferred program can also help you navigate graduate school decisions. Additionally, speaking with admissions staff at graduate schools can help provide insight into the kinds of graduate programming available. 

It can be tricky to offer general guidance on graduate programs since so much is dependent on the field of study. That said, we wanted to offer examples of how master’s and doctorate degrees can set you up for success. We've selected social work and business as fields to illustrate this:

Social Work

If you want to go to graduate school to study social work, you can study at the master’s level or the PhD level. To determine what is best for you, consider what role you’d like to play in the field of social work. If you’d like to be a social welfare direct service provider or government agency administrator, a master’s program may be most appropriate. If you’d like to become a faculty member at a post-secondary institution, a social welfare research scholar, or a social welfare policy analyst, a Ph.D. program will be a better fit. Outside of academic settings—where a doctorate is required for most faculty positions—a master’s combined with practical work experience may provide ample preparation for a career as a researcher, policy analyst, or mid-level manager.

For business administration, you have the option of a Master’s of Business Administration (MBA), or a Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA). If your long term goal is to take on a leadership role in a nonprofit or business enterprise, the MBA (or nonprofit management degree) may be best. If instead, you’re interested in a career in academia teaching and researching on business practices, the DBA will be the better option.

Knowing your professional goals will help guide your choices for graduate study. Certain career paths, such as becoming a public defender or a medical doctor, are more clearly marked with the necessary steps, including the required educational level and graduate degree. Other career paths are less regimented and therefore require more investigation and consideration of what is right for you. Thoroughly researching your field of interest and having a strong understanding of the skills and knowledge you want and need from your graduate education will inform which degree options make the most sense for your goals.

Planning on returning to school? Check out our Grad School Resources . And if you’re interested in speaking with an admissions representative, find out which cities near you are hosting an Idealist Grad School Fair this fall.

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Home » Degrees » Masters » Research-Focused Masters Degree Programs

Research-Focused Masters Degree Programs in Public Health

There are 2 types of general public health professionals – those that provide public health services to the public and those that provide research and development into the field of public health. The people that work in the field promoting healthy lifestyles rely on researchers and development specialists to provide insight on how to improve the efficacy, effectiveness, and efficiency of public health interventions and outcomes.

Because research and evidence-based practices are part of the core foundation of public health, there are various masters-level degrees that focus on developing advanced research methods and analytical skills. These research-focused degrees include Master’s of Science in Public Health (MSPH), Masters of Science (ScM), and Masters of Science in Critical Research (MS-CR), and are designed for students who wish to pursue a doctorate level degree or seek careers in research and/or academia. 

Masters of Science in Public Health (MSPH)

The Masters of Science in Public Health (MSPH) differs from a Masters of Public Health (MPH) in multiple ways. An MSPH is an academic research degree that prepares students for an advanced degree, such as a doctorate; whereas an MPH is a professional degree that is geared toward practitioners. Depending on the school and/or program, the MSPH degree may also be an alternative for students who want to focus on a specific field of public health or who lack two years of health-related work experience. However, either way, the degree is marketed, many MSPH programs touch on the core disciplines of an MPH degree, but with an additional emphasis on research methods, epidemiology, and biostatistics. Students will develop a solid foundation in behavioral sciences principles and theories, along with advanced skills in program planning, implementation, and evaluation. Some MSPH programs offer students the opportunity to take part in studies regarding health policy, initiatives, and health education. 

This field provides students with the advantage of knowing the different levels of public health, from application to research, which equips students for research or technical positions in government, industry, academia, or private institutions. Individuals interested in this field should be analysis-oriented and focused on the greater good of citizens in the public health sector.

Masters of Science (MS/ScM)

Similar to an MSPH, a Masters of Science (MS/ScM) degree is designed for students preparing for doctorate programs or considering upper-level research positions in academia, government or industry. However, MS and ScM degrees are more specialized with narrowly-tailored research objectives, rigorous training in laboratory research, and a higher focus in the sciences (microbiology, immunology, epidemiology, etc) and biostatistics.

Most MS and ScM programs are constructed to provide students with a capacity to perform independent research and develop a firm understanding of research practices and principals while building on the fundamentals of public health. Students will become familiar with the social, behavioral, and environmental determinants of health and learn how to design and evaluate health programs by utilizing multilevel perspectives and a variety of methodological, analytic, and advocacy skills. Additionally, students within an MS or ScM program should be able to evaluate scientific literature, communicate scientific information orally and in writing to both healthcare professionals and the general public, design research studies of human health and disease, and draw inferences from quantitative data, 

Typically, MS and ScM graduates assume positions in research or professional settings as scientific project coordinators and data analysts.

Masters of Science in Clinical Research (MS-CR) 

Clinical Research is a component of healthcare that focuses on the safety and efficacy of medications, diagnostics, and medical treatment. Since clinical research is a key factor in addressing complex health issues, a trained clinical research workforce is critical to ensuring that research is aligned with the highest scientific, ethical, and regulatory standards.

The Master of Science in Clinical Research (MS-CR) degree will help health professionals become competent clinical researchers through didactic course work that focuses on clinical research methodology, grant writing, epidemiology, computational and statistical sciences, biomedical ethics, and principles of clinical pharmacology. With the skills gained through the MS-CR degree, students should be able to design and conduct clinical research, analyze data and interpret the results, read and critique clinical research literature, present findings to peers and the general public, and successfully compete for funding.

The MS-CR degree is designed for a variety of health professionals, including physicians who will plan and oversee translational research and clinical trials; research nurses; study coordinators; managers in clinical research and site management organizations; and professionals in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device industries. Graduates from this degree can obtain positions in academia, industry, and government institutions and/or pursue additional advanced professional degrees in medicine, dentistry, and public health

Options for Medical Students Without Residency Matches

Medical students without residency matches have options such as research or an additional degree.

Options Without Residency Matches

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One option for students who don't get matched to a residency program is repeating an additional year of medical school to strengthen their knowledge and experience.

Key Takeaways:

• Medical residencies provide crucial training and hands-on experience.
• A small percentage of applicants don't receive a match.
• Med students who don't get matched can explore several options.

Mention “Match Day” to a medical school student and you’re sure to stir up a little anxiety. It's the date when they find out whether they are assigned to a residency program. While getting matched is exciting news, not getting matched to a residency program is not the end of the road, experts say.

Match Week occurs the third week of March, when applicants take part in the National Resident Matching Program. Match Week ends on Match Day, when students find out if and where they have an offer to do residency. In 2024, a record high year for applicants, U.S. M.D. seniors matched to first-year residency training positions at a rate of 93.5%, and at a rate of 92.3% for D.O., or doctor of osteopathic medicine , the program reports.

“Residency serves as extra training for specializing and becoming truly comfortable with treating patients,” says Niki Grotewold, an admissions expert at Inspira Advantage, an admissions consulting firm focusing on graduate programs in health care.

It’s also a crucial part of medical training, giving hands-on experience required for board certification and becoming an attending physician, he says. While it is discouraging to not get matched, “continuing to exhibit grit and pursuing career goals is key," he says.

Students who don’t get matched to a training position still have several pathways,   says NRMP president and CEO Donna L. Lamb. These include pursuing and interviewing with unfilled programs, “remaining in medical school to pursue research or other enrichment opportunities in their preferred specialty, or returning to school to pursue another degree,” she says.

Here’s a closer look at options for medical students who don't get matched with a residency.

Interview With Unfilled Programs

Medical students can try to obtain a position through NRMP’s Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program, or SOAP. That process takes place over several days and allows unmatched students to compete for unfilled residency positions.

SOAP “requires immediate action, as it passes within the first week after the initial match process," says Dr. Jordan Frey, founder of The Prudent Plastic Surgeon, which aims to help doctors and other medical professionals improve their financial well-being.

Experts say some students may want to consider programs in rural regions , or matching with a different medical specialty choice. The most competitive specialties include dermatology, plastic surgery and neurosurgery, while the least competitive specialties are family medicine, internal medicine and pediatrics, Grotewold says.

Pursue Research or Other Enrichment Opportunities 

Grotewold says students also have the option of matriculating into postgraduate training programs . “Examples include preliminary medicine or surgery positions, transitional-year programs or research fellowships .”

For example, a transitional year allows students to repeat an additional year of medical school to strengthen their knowledge and experience. Whether students pursue a transitional year or fellowship, experts say they can gain a more competitive edge in a particular specialty.

Grotewold says students can also engage in research or additional clinical experience. Students can remain in contact with professors or mentors at their medical school and see if they can participate in a research project in a field of medicine they’re particularly interested in. Experience in a clinical setting can include working as a scribe for a doctor or in electronic health-record training.

Pursue Another Degree or Career Path

Another option is to pursue another degree on top of your medical degree, like an MBA or Master of Public Health , to increase your chances of getting matched next time. You could opt to choose an alternative career path within the health care field, such as public health, health care administration, medical education, the pharmaceutical industry, research or consulting, Grotewold says.

There are many nonclinical medicine options to consider, Frey says, including consulting, medical writing and editing, medical sales, medical device development “or various medical careers like a poison information specialist that do not require residency.”

Frey says students who are undecided between a clinical and nonclinical career may want to continue to pursue a clinical career.

“The reason I say this is because it is very easy to leave clinical medicine for nonclinical medicine. But it can be very difficult to leave a nonclinical career and then match into a clinical training position,” Frey says.

Apply Again Next Year

While you may not have matched this time around, there’s always next year. Experts say students can spend a year building their resumes to reapply to residency programs next cycle.

“Take a year to regroup, strengthen your application, shore up on research, improve test scores and reapply the following year,” Frey says. “This is what many unmatched applicants choose to do.”

Grotewold says the system for matching "is not perfect and sometimes a perfectly good student can be left behind," but it’s important for students to move forward by strengthening their resume and reapplying rather than sacrificing their dream of becoming a doctor .

"Many unmatched students go on to residency and have very successful medical careers by continuing to be determined, strategizing and not giving up,” Grotewold says.

NRMP recommends unmatched students begin with consultation with a mentor or adviser to discuss what pathway might be best and to get help strengthening their applications, Lamb says.

“Whichever pathway they choose, applicants are always welcome to participate in a future NRMP Match to try and secure training.”

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Huge Rise in International Students

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Ways to Utilize EducationUSA

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How International Students Can Transfer

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International Student Scholarship Guide

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U.S. Education and Foreign Students

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Understanding Academic Integrity

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Reasons to Choose a Catholic University

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